JPS60177268A - Portable oscillation measuring and recording device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To measure efficiently the oscillation of various rotary machines with a single device by incorporating oscillation measuring means such as an acceleration sensor, dynamic electricity type sensor, and displacement gauge, a data swtching means, and a recording means in the same housing. CONSTITUTION:The output of the acceleration sensor is inputted from an input terminal 7, and a changeover switch 15 selects an acceleration speed, oscillation speed, or oscillation displacement when necesary; and effective values or peak values of those signals are displayed on display devices 17 and 19. This signal is selected by a changeover switch 38 or 39 and recorded by the frequency modulation type or direct recording type recording circuit of a data recorder. The output of the dynamic electricity type sensor is inputted from an input terminal 20, and a changeover switch 26 selects an oscillation speed or oscillation displacement. Further, the output of the displacement sensor is inputted from an input terminal 31 and an AC or DC displacement signal corresponding to the distance from an object of measurement is selected with a switch 35.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a vibration measuring means for measuring vibrations used for diagnosing the health of rotating machinery, and for recording vibration data measured by the means. The present invention relates to a portable portable vibration measuring/recording device equipped with means.

[Technical background of the invention and its problems]

Generally, as mechanical equipment becomes more sophisticated and large-scale than it is today, there is a risk that failures or accidents will cause serious social disasters, environmental destruction, and serious economic losses. Therefore, it is important to put into practical use monitoring and diagnostic technologies that can predict such failures and accidents in advance, prevent them, or detect and diagnose abnormalities while deterioration or failure is still small. It's coming.

Now, a large number of rotating machines are used in various types of mechanical equipment, especially nuclear power plants and thermal power plants, and monitoring and diagnosing the health of these rotating machines is important for plant maintenance. It becomes. In recent years, it has become known that evaluating the magnitude of vibration generated by rotating machines, the absolute value of its characteristics, and monitoring changes over time are effective in predicting or diagnosing abnormalities in these rotating machines. . Conventionally, in order to monitor changes in vibration over time, maintenance and inspection personnel regularly measure the vibration of rotating machinery at its bearings using a vibrometer, and detect changes in the magnitude of vibration. For example, a maintenance engineer carries a vibration meter 4 and a data recorder 6 with him or her and uses the structure shown in FIG. Analog data of the measured vibration of the rotating machine 1 is recorded on a magnetic chip by a data recorder 6 via a signal line 5, and this recorded vibration data is analyzed with a frequency analyzer etc. and sent to each machine. Methods such as evaluating changes in characteristic frequency components over time have been adopted.

By the way, in order to monitor vibration for diagnosing the health of a rotating machine as described above, a vibration sensor 2° vibrometer 4. data recorder 6
It is necessary to select and use the following. For example, in the case of a rotating machine whose rollers are P-bearings, the vibration acceleration of the bearing section is mainly monitored using an acceleration sensor and a vibration accelerometer, and in the case of a rotating machine with Vessel bearings, an electrodynamic sensor is used. Some methods have been adopted, such as using a vibration meter to monitor the vibration velocity of the bearing or shaft or the vibration displacement by integrating this, or using a non-contact type displacement meter to monitor the relative displacement between the bearing and shaft. It is common for there to be. On the other hand, when selecting the data recorder 6, it is necessary to record up to a high frequency range (several kHz) to measure vibration acceleration, so a data recorder with a direct recording method is required, and conversely, vibration reliability and In the case of measuring vibration displacement, vibrations in a relatively low frequency range such as a frequency corresponding to the number of revolutions are important, so a data recorder 6 that can perform frequency modulation recording is suitable.

As mentioned above, 1. In the case of conventional measuring instruments for measuring vibrations of rotating machines and recording their data, a vibration sensor 2, a vibration meter 4. data recorder 6
must be selected. However, there are many rotating machines that need to be monitored for vibration, such as power plant equipment, and when maintenance inspectors want to periodically measure vibrations of these machines, various types of vibration sensors 2 and vibration meters 4. It is necessary to carry the data recorder 6 while walking, but it must be said that carrying all these instruments while walking is extremely difficult due to their weight and volume.

Therefore, there is a strong demand for the development of a portable portasol vibration measuring device that covers all of these functions, and that can also record the data immediately if necessary.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to efficiently measure and record vibrations of various rotating machines in accordance with the characteristics of the rotating machines using a single device. An object of the present invention is to provide a portable vibration measurement/recording device that is easy to carry.

[Summary of the invention]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an acceleration sensor for monitoring the health of a rotating machine as a monitored object;
A vibration measuring means that can input each output from an electrodynamic sensor and a displacement meter and measures a predetermined vibration of the rotating machine based on these inputs, and a vibration data measured by the vibration measuring means. It is composed of a measurement data switching selection means for switching and selecting as appropriate, and a recording means for recording vibration (measurement) data selected by the measurement data switching selection means, and each of the above means is built into the same housing. It is characterized by

[Embodiment of the Invention] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 2. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a portable vibration measuring/recording device according to the present invention. In the figure, 7 is an input terminal for inputting the output from an acceleration sensor (not shown), 8 is a charge converter for converting the input electric charge into a voltage, and 9 is the input terminal for inputting the output from an acceleration sensor (not shown). 10 is a sensitivity setting device for the acceleration sensor; 1 is an amplifier that amplifies the signal to an appropriate size to facilitate subsequent signal processing; 12 is a multiplier 9
13 is an integrator that converts the acceleration signal into a speed signal, and 14 also converts the speed signal into a displacement signal. 15 is an integrator for selecting and transmitting signals to subsequent circuits from among acceleration signals, velocity signals, and displacement signals; 16;
is a rectifier for obtaining the effective value of this signal; 17 is a display for the result; 18 is a rectifier for obtaining the peak value of the signal; 19 is a display for the result.

Further, 20 is an input terminal for inputting an output from an electrodynamic sensor (not shown), 21 is a buffer amplifier for this input signal, 22 is a multiplier similar to the above, 23 is an amplifier,
24 is a bypass filter to be selected depending on the electrodynamic sensor to be used, 25 is an integrator that converts the speed signal into a displacement signal, and 26 is a speed signal that is the output of the amplifier 23 and a displacement signal that is the output of the integrator 25. 27 is a rectifier that obtains the effective value of this signal, 28 is a display thereof, 29 is a rectifier that obtains the peak value of the signal, and 30 is a display of the result. .

Furthermore, 31 is an input terminal for inputting the output from a displacement meter (not shown), 32 is a buffer amplifier for this input signal, 33 is a Hynosos filter that extracts only the alternating current component of the signal, 34 is the same amplifier, and 35 is the above-mentioned amplifier. A change-over switch selects and switches between an AC signal or a DC signal as a displacement signal and sends it out; 36 is a rectifier for rectifying the signal; and 37 is a display for the result.

On the other hand, 311.39 is each changeover switch 15.2 mentioned above.
6.35 is a changeover switch that switches the signal to the data recorder 42 from among the output signals; 40.41 is the respective input terminal of the data recorder 42 which receives this changeover signal; and its frequency modulation recording circuit. An input terminal 41 is also connected to a direct recording recording circuit. Furthermore, these word components described above are incorporated into the same housing for portability.

Note that the electrodynamic sensor described above is also called a speed sensor because it sends out an output proportional to the vibration speed of the object to be measured. Then, the output from this electrodynamic sensor passes through the input terminal 20 and reaches the I.S. filter 24.
Due to the principle of the sensor, electrodynamic sensors are used to measure vibrations at frequencies that are higher than the natural frequency of the sensor, so vibration components at frequencies lower than this natural frequency cannot be measured correctly. In particular, when this signal is integrated to obtain vibration displacement, low frequencies are emphasized, which may increase errors. Therefore, the filter 24 is a no-pass filter in consideration of the natural frequency of the electrodynamic sensor.

Additionally, the output from the displacement meter is usually as shown in Figure 3.
Since the voltage is obtained in proportion to the distance between the tip of the displacement sensor and the object to be measured, it is necessary to extract only the alternating current component of the signal in order to obtain the vibration component. For this reason, the filter 33
is used as a bypass filter for this purpose. Furthermore, the data recorder 42 has recording circuits for two types of recording methods, a frequency modulation method and a direct recording method, and the frequency characteristics of each are from DC to 1 kHz N and 100 kHz.
Hz to 14 kHz.

The input to each recording circuit is selected by a changeover switch 38 or 39.

Next, we will explain the operation of the portable vibration measuring/recording device configured as described above. First, the output from an acceleration sensor (not shown) is inputted through the input terminal 7, and the changeover switch 15 is used to select the vibration acceleration or vibration as needed. By selecting the speed and vibration displacement, the effective value or peak value of these signals can be displayed on the display 17 or 19.
It can be read with . Further, the signal selected by the changeover switch 15 can be selected by the changeover switch 38 or 39 as necessary, and the signal can be transferred to the data recorder 42.
It is possible to record to a recording circuit using a frequency modulation method or a direct recording method.

In addition, the output from the electrodynamic sensor (not shown) is input terminal 2.
0, and by selecting either vibration velocity or vibration displacement with the changeover switch 26, the effective value or peak value of these signals can be displayed on the display 2.
It can be read as 8 or 30. Further, the signal switched by the changeover switch 26 can be selected by the changeover switches 38 and 39 in the same manner as described above, and can also be recorded on the data recorder 42.

Further, the output from the displacement sensor is inputted through the input terminal 31, and by selecting one of the optical signals from the object to be measured with the changeover switch 35, the output is rectified by the rectifier 36 and displayed on the display 37. It is possible to read it with .

Further, the signal switched by the changeover switch 35 can also be selected by the changeover switches 38 and 39 and recorded on the data recorder 42 in the same manner as described above.

As mentioned above, this portable vibration measurement/recording device has three functions necessary for vibration measurement to monitor the health of various rotating machines 1: an acceleration sensor, an electrodynamic sensor,
and a means for inputting the output from the displacement meter and measuring a predetermined vibration based on the output, a means for switching and selecting the vibration data obtained by this, and a means for selecting the measured vibration data selected by this means. The apparatus is constructed of a data recorder 42 for recording data, and these means are incorporated into the same housing.

Therefore, there is no need to select a measuring device according to the characteristics of the rotating machine 1 to be monitored as in the past, and various vibrations can be measured efficiently and effectively with a single device. . Furthermore, since the vibration measuring means, the measurement data switching and selecting means, and the recording means are incorporated into the same housing, maintenance personnel can easily carry the device when performing vibration measurements.

FIG. 4 shows the structure of another embodiment of the present invention.
This is a simple frequency analysis function added to the configuration shown in the figure. In the figure, 43 is a tuning circuit that inputs the output signal of the changeover switch 3B, 44 is a frequency display that displays the tuning frequency in the tuning circuit 43, and 45 is a tuning circuit 4.
A rectifier 46 rectifies the output of 3, and a display 46 displays the result.

In this configuration, the signal selected by the changeover switch 38 reaches the tuning circuit 43, and only the tuning component passes through. Then, the tuned component that has passed is rectified by a rectifier 46 and displayed on the display 46 according to the strength of the component.

Here, as the display 46, a -7' Zotal type liquid crystal display, an analog type meter, or the like is used. Further, the tuning frequency of the tuning circuit 43 can be arbitrarily changed manually by an external source, and the tuning frequency at that time is displayed on the frequency display 4.
4 and the magnitude of the tuned component can be read on the display 46, making it possible to perform simple frequency analysis.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, there is provided an easily portable portable vibration measurement device that can efficiently measure and record the vibrations of various rotating machines in accordance with the characteristics of the rotating machines using a single device.・Recording equipment can be provided.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an overview of conventional vibration measurement of rotating machines, Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the portable vibration measurement/recording device of the present invention, and Fig. 3 explains the output signal of a displacement meter. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Rotating machine, 2... Vibration sensor, 4... Vibration meter, 6... Data recorder, 7, 20. 31... Input terminal, 8... Charge converter, 9.22.・Magnifier,
10... Sensitivity setter, 11, 23.34... Amplifier, 13.14.25... Integrator, 15.26, 35° 38.39... Changeover switch, 16.27° 45
... Effective value rectifier, 1B, 29.36... Peak value rectifier, 17, 19.2 g, 30, 37° 46... Display, 42... Data recorder, 43... Tuning circuit.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) It is possible to input each output from an acceleration sensor, an electrodynamic sensor, and a displacement meter that monitor the health of a 6-rotating machine as a monitored object, and based on these inputs, a predetermined value of the rotating machine can be determined. A vibration measuring means for measuring vibration, a measurement data switching selection means for appropriately switching and selecting the vibration data measured by the vibration measurement means, and recording the vibration data selected by the measurement data switching selection means. 1. A portable vibration measuring/recording device comprising a recording means, and each of the means described above is built into the same housing. (2) The portable vibration measuring/recording device according to claim (1), wherein the vibration measuring means has a tuning circuit and a frequency analysis function. (3) The portable vibration measurement/recording device according to claim (1), wherein the recording means records vibration data using both a frequency modulation method and a direct recording method.