JPS60172889A - Video camera device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent shift of registration in a color television camera device from being generated by combining an image pickup tube with a solid-state image pickup element, tilting the solid-state image pickup element and carrying out scan on an object image with the same locus. CONSTITUTION:When a deflecting device 9 is rotated around an image pickup tube 7, a scanning locus is generated as the number 24 shows. Even when a photographed face is horizontally scanned, the locus more approaches the center as a start point of the horizontal scanning approches the lower part of the photographed face. A shift of the start point is a triangular. When a deflection of a scanning beam is performed by a triangular waveform 28, which corrects a dislocation of a horizontal position of a triangular deflecting waveform 26 having well-known one horizontal period and has one vertical period, or a waveform 27 obtained by overlapping a stepped waveform 29, which has one vertical period and the height changing at every one horizontal period, with a well- known horizontal deflecting waveform, a scanning locus can be same as that of a solid-state image pickup element. Since the triangular waveform 28 is that of a vertical period, it can utilizes a vertical deflecting waveform of an image pickup tube.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a video camera device that can obtain images with high sensitivity and high resolution.

Conventional home video camera devices include single-tube frequency separation color cameras, single-chip color cameras using solid-state imaging devices, and the like. This single-tube frequency separation type color camera requires a color stripe filter for color separation and a color demodulation circuit, so the resolution characteristics are set at a frequency corresponding to the width of the color stripe filter (usually 3.58M).
Hz) and required a color demodulation circuit, deterioration of the color signal was unavoidable.

In addition, in the single-chip color camera, the resolution characteristics are determined by the number of picture elements of the solid-state image sensor, which is conventionally 690 (horizontal)
Elements with about 485 (vertical) picture elements have been put into practical use.

In the single-chip color camera, it is possible to provide output signal lines corresponding to the number of color signals, so a color demodulation circuit is not required, and good color signals can be obtained.

In order to increase the resolution of home video camera equipment, K is the fine width of the color stripe filter! +/ -A Muhejijuki 4 ノ 滲Seσ) Hatred of self, Lη, 1 big 1 rumor water
By the way, in recent years, compared to the current television system,
High-definition television systems have been proposed that provide images with a higher resolution than that, but in order to support this with home video camera devices, it is necessary to miniaturize color stripe filters or increase the number of picture elements. This would require twice the current microfabrication technology or more, and providing these as a home video camera device would be difficult.
It is extremely difficult in terms of price and technology.

[Purpose of the invention]

The object of the present invention is to combine an image pickup tube and a solid-state image sensor,
The object of the present invention is to provide a video camera device that takes advantage of the strengths of each and is compatible with high-definition television systems.

[Summary of the invention]

In order to increase the utilization rate of light from the subject and take advantage of the features of the image pickup tube and solid-state image sensor, an image of the subject with spectral characteristics suitable for each image sensor is captured, and a video signal is obtained from the signals of the plurality of image sensors. In a video camera device, the solid-state image sensor scans the imaging surface horizontally during imaging;
Since known image pickup tubes scan slightly diagonally at a certain angle, they do not scan the same part of the subject image, resulting in misregistration.

Therefore, the deflection device of the image pickup tube is provided with a means for scanning the solid-state image sensor with the same trajectory over the object image, which in principle prevents the occurrence of misregistration in the color video camera device. do.

Here, "one same trajectory" means that the center of gravity of the scanning of the image pickup tube and the solid-state image sensor for imaging is the same trajectory, and some known solid-state image sensors have two horizontal picture elements in one scan. There is also a system that performs simultaneous column readout, in which case the centers of gravity of two horizontal picture element columns are on the same locus, which is referred to as C.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Hereinafter, the basic configuration for carrying out the present invention will be explained using FIG. 1.

This basic configuration uses one image pickup tube and one solid-state image sensor. 1 is the subject, 2 is the imaging lens,
3 is a mirror for photolysis, 4 is a subject image that visually requires high resolution, 5 is an optical filter for reducing false signals of the solid-state image sensor, 6 is a subject image that does not visually require high resolution, 7 is an image pickup tube, 8 is a solid-state image sensor having a color separation filter, and 9 is a deflection device for the scanning beam of the image pickup tube. 10 is a deflection waveform generating circuit. A subject image is formed by an imaging lens on an imaging tube and an imaging surface of a solid-state image sensor.

At that time, a photoresolving mirror placed in the optical path separates the image of the subject (for example, green) with spectral characteristics that visually require high resolution, and the image of another spectral image that does not require visually high resolution. Image of a subject with characteristics (e.g. red, blue)
It can be divided into

In imaging, the deflection waveform generation circuit and the deflection device scan the subject image on the imaging surface using a synchronization signal from the same synchronization signal generator 10 as the solid-state image sensor. The read signal is
After being amplified to the required level by the preamplifiers 11, 12, and 13, the signals are sent to the signal processing circuit 17 along with the signals of the subject having spectral characteristics that are not limited by bandwidth and require visually high resolution. The required signal format is input and processed by known gamma correction, clamping, etc., for example, (
R-Y, B-Y) or is outputted to the output terminal 18 as an NTSC signal.

According to the above configuration, a misregistration occurs as described above.

A first embodiment in which the scanning beam of the image pickup tube is scanned along the same locus as the solid-state image sensor will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 8.

In FIG. 2, 20 is an imaging surface of a solid-state image sensor, 21 is a picture element, and 22 is a scanning locus. In a known solid-state image sensor, the imaging surface is horizontally scanned and signals are extracted. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 23 denotes an imaging plane of the imaging tube, and 24 denotes a scanning locus of a known imaging tube, which is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane of the imaging plane by an interval of two scanning lines due to interlaced scanning.

When these are used in the above-mentioned imaging device, Regis Fox 1.
- Pano - So/7+1→Do, h1+fP Mu >J
/-) Leave the solid-state image sensor in each store as is, and set the scanning trajectory of the image pickup tube horizontally.

When the deflection device shown in FIG. 19 is rotated by the rotation of the image pickup tube, a scanning trajectory as shown in FIG. 6, 24) is obtained.

In this case, even if the imaging surface is horizontally scanned, the closer the horizontal scanning start position is to the lower end of the imaging surface, the closer it will be to the center. As can be easily seen from FIG. 3, this starting position shift has a triangular shape. Therefore, a known triangular horizontal deflection waveform 26 with one horizontal period, a triangular waveform 28 with one vertical period that corrects the horizontal position shift, or a step-like waveform with one vertical period and whose height becomes summer every horizontal period. If the scanning beam is deflected using the waveform 27 obtained by superimposing the waveform 29 on a known horizontal deflection waveform, the scanning locus of the image pickup tube will be the same as that of a solid-state image pickup device. Since the triangular waveform 28 is a vertically periodic triangular wave, imaging ゛dc)
Vertical deflection waveforms can be used.

FIG. 18 shows an example of a circuit for this purpose.

The synchronization signal generated by the synchronization signal generator 5io is applied to the deflection waveform generation circuit 11. To this output is added the triangular waveform 28 or the stepwise waveform 29 shown in FIG.
A deflection waveform as shown in FIG. 27 is obtained.

In this way, if this embodiment is adopted in the basic configuration shown in FIG. 1, the green signal is obtained from the image pickup tube, and the blue and red signals are obtained from the solid-state image sensor equipped with a color separation filter, so that the band of the green signal is Since each color signal can be taken out as a baseband signal with no color shift due to a shift in the scanning locus, there is no signal deterioration due to color demodulation, and a good color signal can be obtained.

Although this configuration is a relatively simple configuration consisting of one image pickup tube and one solid-state image sensor, it is also easily compatible with high-definition television systems.

When applying this embodiment to current home video cameras,
If a solid-state image sensor with about 590 horizontal pixels is used, the color separation filters on the solid-state image sensor are arranged in blue and red or cyan and yellow vertical stripes or in a horizontal checkerboard pattern.
Horizontal black and white frequency is 22MHz/approximately 1.
Blue and red signals with a band of 8 b/Ex can be obtained, providing sufficient performance for current color television systems.

In addition, the characteristics of the iron are determined by the signal band obtained from the image pickup tube, but since a color stripe filter is not required here, the frequency band is not limited, and the performance of the image pickup tube itself can be fully utilized. 131' Noh play,
It is possible to provide higher quality images.

The second real MM array that makes the scanning trajectories of the image pickup tube and the solid-state image pickup device the same will be explained using FIGS. 8 to 11.

R+#: The tube remains the same as before, and as shown in FIG. 10, try to make the solid-state image sensor the same as the scanning locus of the image pickup tube. As shown in Figure 12, the horizontal shift of the solid-state image sensor, f
By sequentially advancing the phase of the start pulse (i-is1 to i-isn) that determines the start of operation of the horizontal shift register for opening and closing, it is possible to make the image pickup tube and solid-state image sensor scan the same part of the object. . FIG. 16 shows a block diagram of an example of a circuit for this purpose.

10 is a synchronizing signal generator, 41 is a pulse variable delay circuit, 4
4 is a delay control signal generator, 12 is a driving pulse generator for a solid-state image sensor, and 8 is a solid-state image sensor. The drive pulse generator 12 operates in synchronization with the synchronization signal 4o generated by the synchronization signal generator 10 and passed through the pulse variable delay circuit 41. At this time, in order to change the phase of the horizontal start pulse (H81 to H8n) given to the solid-state image sensor 8, the synchronization signal is changed to a vertical period using a delay control signal 43 having a vertical period generated using a vertical period pulse 45. to change the delay amount -. Thereby, it is possible to give the phase change as described above (FIG. 12) to the horizontal start pulse generated by the drive pulse generator 12 which operates in synchronization with the delayed synchronization signal. At this time, the deflection device of the image pickup tube is operated in synchronization with a synchronization signal that does not pass through the pulse variable delay circuit.

Note that if the pulse variable delay circuit 41 whose delay time changes depending on the voltage is used, the delay control signal generator 44 can
It is sufficient to generate a triangular voltage with a vertical period. Furthermore, the same effect can be achieved with a solid-state image sensor using a COD, BCD, etc. instead of a horizontal shift register.

A sixth embodiment in which the scanning loci of the image pickup tube and the solid-state image sensor are made the same will be described with reference to FIG. 19.

This is another example for obtaining the deflection waveform 27 in FIG. 7 in the first method, and the image pickup tube 7, deflection device 9, and solid-state image sensor are fixed in the same manner as in the first method. .

In this embodiment, the horizontal synchronizing pulse 40, which is variably delayed and has the same vertical period as that used in the second embodiment, is used as a reference pulse for the deflection waveform generation circuit 11 to generate a horizontal deflection waveform. The same effect as the embodiment is obtained.

When carrying out the present invention, the angle at which the deflection device or the solid-state imaging device is tilted is equal to the angle between the imaging locus of a known imaging tube and the horizontal edge of the imaging surface. In the NTSC system, the screen aspect ratio is 6:4. Since this is interlaced scanning with 525 scanning lines, if the tilt angle is θ as shown in Figure 17, then →
0.16 degrees...

Also, the horizontal start pulse when tilting the solid-state image sensor, x
If the required pulse delay time difference between the upper and lower ends of the imaging surface (H81-n) is expressed as tdmax, for example, NTSC
Assuming that the effective horizontal scanning time of the solid-state image pickup device of this method is 53 μs', tdmax = 55 pSX tan θ However, θ is the value obtained from the above equation (1) ← 150 n1 s, and the pulse variable delay circuit 41 creates a delay that satisfies this value. conduct.

Other embodiments are shown in FIGS. 15 and 14.

In FIG. 16, a prism 19 is used in place of the photoresolving mirror shown in FIG. 1. The advantage of this method is
By shortening the optical path length, it is possible to fix the optical filter 5 for reducing false signals of the solid-state image sensor and the solid-state image sensor to the prism, thereby achieving miniaturization.

FIG. 14 shows an example using a photoresolving mirror 5 and a reflecting mirror 20. In either case, the photo-resolving mirror or the photo-resolving prism may be used to capture a subject image that requires visually high resolution as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and a subject image that does not require visually high resolution. There is no need to separate the subject image; for example, a half mirror, a half mirror in which the ratio of reflected light to transmitted light is changed depending on the sensitivity of the image pickup device, or a combination thereof can be used.

The signals extracted from the solid-state image pickup device are not limited to red or blue, and various combinations are possible depending on the spectral characteristics of the photolysis mirror or the photolysis prism. In Figure 15, a known color separation prism is used, an image pickup tube is used to capture a green subject image, and one solid-state image sensor is used to capture red and blue subject images. This is an example.

According to this embodiment, it is possible to obtain a smaller size than a known three-tube color video camera and a higher resolution than a known three-tube color video camera.

Although the embodiments described above are related to color video camera devices, it is also possible to use the present invention in other special video camera devices in which, for example, the solid-state image sensor is sensitive to infrared light.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, it is possible to eliminate misregistration caused by a difference in the scanning method of the imaging surface that occurs when an image pickup tube and a solid-state image sensor are combined. Therefore, it is possible to freely combine the image pickup tube and the solid-state image sensor depending on the purpose, taking advantage of the advantages of each. It is also advantageous in terms of price because it can be used with high-definition television systems using current technology.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a color video camera to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the imaging plane and scanning locus of a solid-state image sensor, FIGS. 3 to 5, and FIGS. 8 to 11. teeth,
Figures 6 and 7, which show the imaging surface of the image pickup tube and the scanning locus, are as follows:
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the horizontal deflection waveform of the image pickup tube. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the start pulse of the horizontal shift register. FIGS. 16 to 16 are diagrams showing other embodiments of the present invention. FIG. Figures 18 and 19 showing the inclination of the scanning locus of the tube are diagrams showing other embodiments. 1...Subject, 2...Photoresolving mirror, 4.6...Subject image% 7...Image tube, 8...Solid state Image sensor, 9... Beam deflection device, 10... Synchronization signal generator, 11...
... Deflection waveform generation circuit, 12 ... Drive pulse generator for solid-state image sensor, 1.5 to 15 ...
Preamplifier %15-17...Low pass filter, 18...Signal processing circuit, 19...Output terminal, 20...Imaging surface of solid-state image sensor, 21
...Pixel of the solid-state image sensor, 22...Scanning locus of the solid-state image sensor, 23...Imaging surface of the image pickup tube, 24...Pixel of the image pickup tube Scanning trajectory, 25...
...Scanning locus of the image pickup tube of the present invention, 26...Horizontal deflection waveform of a known image pickup tube, 27...Horizontal deflection waveform of the image pickup tube of the present invention, 41... - Pulse variable delay circuit, 44...Delay control signal generator. Fig. 2 ￥, Fig. 3 Fig. 4 Fig. 5 Fig. 6 Fig. 7 Fig. Go] - 1 2 Fig. Pnno 4 fl Fig. 16 Fig. 17 ---- Part If lfi q

Claims (1)

[Claims] When an object is imaged by a lens, an optical system is provided between the lens and the object image that divides an optical path in at least two directions and forms an object image corresponding to each optical path; It has at least two image sensors arranged corresponding to the two subject images, at least one of the two divided subject images is captured by the image pickup tube, and at least one of the remaining subject images is captured by the image pickup tube. A video camera device that captures an image with a solid-state image pickup device, characterized in that it is provided with a deflection device for the image pickup tube or a means for tilting the solid-state image pickup device to produce an image with the same trajectory on a subject image.