JPS60171438A - Surface flaw inspection - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To achieve a shorter inspection time by attaching an inspection liquid mainly composed of water containing 0.001-0.1wt% of a coloring agent or a fluorescent agent to the surface of an object to be inspected by coating, spraying or the like to detect a defect depending on the level of the coloring density. CONSTITUTION:A dye such as red No.2 for food of a water soluble dye as coloring agent or fluorescent agent is dissolved into water at a rate of 0.001- 0.1wt% as intact to be used as an inspection liquid. When the coloring agent or the fluorescent agent is an oil-soluble dye, this liquid is dissolved into an organic solvent and is used as inspection liquid with the addition of water thereto. Then, the inspection liquid thus obtained is attached to the surface of ceramics as object to be inspected by coating, spraying, dipping thereof or the like so that more of the coloring agent is adsorbed by a defect as intact with an increase in the surface area thereof due to cracking to create a difference in the density from the sound part. This enables an inexpensive and quick flaw inspection dispensing with an equipment for working environment.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method of inspecting ceramics for surface defects.

Conventionally, surface flaw detection methods for ceramics have generally involved visual inspection by skilled inspectors or penetrant flaw testing.

However, it is difficult to find minute defects through visual inspection by experienced inspectors, and even if a magnifying glass is used, it can cause problems for physical condition, eye fatigue, large variations in inspection results, and inefficiency. It is.

Therefore, as a surface flaw detection method for ceramics, a penetrant test method that is said to be relatively fast will be described.

The general procedure for penetrant testing is to apply a penetrating liquid that mainly consists of oil-soluble dye and petroleum solvent to the test object.
Infiltrate the cracks, pinholes, or porous areas on the surface with the penetrating liquid, then wash and remove the penetrating liquid that has adhered to areas other than the defective areas using a solvent or water. After removing the water, a white powder or a developer containing white powder dispersed in a liquid is applied or sprayed to draw out the penetrating liquid inside the defect of the inspection object and form a pattern representing the surface defect.

The penetrating liquid used in this method contains 1 to 3 parts by weight of a colored or fluorescent dye in order to obtain a clear defect-indicating pattern.

When this penetrant testing method is applied to ceramics, the following problems arise.

(1) Flaw detection takes time because it requires three processes: penetration, cleaning, and development.

(2) Because large amounts of solvents are used, the working environment and equipment requirements are regulated under the Organic Solvent Poisoning Prevention Regulations.

(3) If automated, three processing facilities will be required.

(4) Since raw materials are expensive, inspection costs are also expensive.

(5) If water is used in the cleaning process, wastewater treatment will be required.

(6) The cleaning process is often not uniform, and as a result, the defect detection sensitivity tends to vary.

(7) After inspection, it is necessary to remove the developer.

The present invention provides a new surface flaw detection inspection method to solve these problems.

Ceramics targeted for surface flaw detection in the present invention include silicon dioxide, alumina, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon carbide, titanium carbide, silicon nitride, titanium nitride,
It is an unsintered material or sintered body of boron nitride, etc., and also includes glass, ceramics, etc.

The surface flaw detection inspection method of the present invention involves coating the surface of a ceramic to be inspected with a test liquid containing water as a main component and disintegrating a coloring agent or a fluorescent agent in an amount of 0001 to 01 by weight, and then spraying the test liquid.
This is a method in which the defect indicator pattern is detected by attaching it by dipping or the like, and then either in that state or in a dry state. The defect indicating pattern is formed by the adsorption of a coloring agent or fluorescent agent to a defective area and the difference in shading between the defective area and the healthy area. In particular, defective areas have a remarkable ability to adsorb dyes, and this is said to be due to an increase in surface area due to cracks around the defect, a chemically activated state of the defective area, residual stress, and the like. Due to this property, it is possible to detect minute defects even when the concentration of the coloring agent and the fluorescent agent is very low, such as 0.001 to 0.1% by weight. Furthermore, for large defects with a width of 10 μm or more and a depth of 100 μm or more, in addition to the adsorption phenomenon, the thickness of the test liquid itself at the defective area is usually about 2 to 5 μm when the test liquid is attached to the surface of the ceramic. On the other hand, about 20~
50 times, the difference in shading between the normal part and the normal part is further increased, giving a good result for defect indication.

The colorant or fluorescent agent in the test solution is Q, OO1li
When it is less than 1, the defect indicating pattern becomes thinner and inspection becomes impossible. When the weight exceeds 01 and 11, the healthy areas also become darkly colored, making it difficult to distinguish between defective areas and healthy areas.

When the solvent used in the method of the present invention is an organic solvent, alcohol, acetone, etc., which dry quickly,
The surface of the object to be inspected becomes uneven and shows a false pattern, making it difficult to distinguish it from a defective part. It remains and casts an evil influence. Therefore, the solvent used in the present invention is mainly water, and if necessary, a small amount of an organic solvent, a surface active agent can be added.

Next, the colorant and fluorescent agent of the test liquid used in the method of the present invention will be illustrated. Note that C,1, in parentheses is C.
The coloring agent 0, which stands for o1our Index Number, is food grade red No. 2 (C, 1,
16185), food grade red No. 3 (C, 1,45430)
, Food grade red No. 102 (C, 1, 16255), Food grade red No. 103 (C, 1, 45380), Food grade red 10
No. 4 (C, 1,45410), food grade red No. 105 (C
, 1,45440), food grade red No. 106 (C, 1,4
5100), food grade blue No. 1 (C, I.

42090), ofmin eGcP (C1,4s t
60) (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical), Safranin 0K (C, 1
, 50240) (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.), Eisen Astrafuroxin FF (C, 1, 48070) (manufactured by Hodogaya Chemical Co., Ltd.), Suminol Milling Red PG (C, 1,
tstto) (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Corporation), Diacrylic Spray Brilliant Vinc R (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation), Eisen Crystal Violet Powder (C, 1,42555)
) (manufactured by Hodogaya Chemical Industry ■), Rhodamine B (C, 1, 4
5170) (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.), New Methylene Blue NS Conc (C, 1, 52030) (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.)
), Sumia Acrylic Red Brown GG, (Sumitomo Chemical ■#), Suminol Milling Black 8BX (C, I
.

26370) (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.), oil-soluble dyes Oil Scarlet R (C, I. 12150) (manufactured by Shirato Chemical Co., Ltd.), Oleosol Brown B (C, 1, 1201), etc.
0) (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical), Diamond Resin Red (C,
1,12715) (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Industries ■), Orient Oil Red 5B (C, 1,26125) (manufactured by Orient Chemical Industries ■), Oil Violet R (C, 1,611
00) (manufactured by Yamamoto Kagakusei Hina), Oilbiniichi #15 (C
:, 1.74350) (manufactured by Yamamoto Chemical Synthesis ■), Diamond Resin Green A (C, i, 61565) (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation ■), Orient Oil Black HBB (C, 1,2
6150) (manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.) Gin, fluorescent dye Whitex 3B (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.), Mikepha
RP (manufactured by Mitsui Toatsu Chemical), White Flow B (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical), Diamond Resin Yellow 3G (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical), Diamond Resin Yellow F (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical), Diamond Resin Red GG (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical) (manufactured by Sanjaku Kasei Kogyo Ua), etc.

When using a water bath dye, dissolve it directly in Amagi and use it as a test solution. When using an oil bath dye, it is dissolved in an organic solvent, but if the nucleated solvent is water-soluble, water is added directly to the test solution.

When the organic solvent is hydrophobic, a suitable surfactant is added to the organic solvent solution of the dye, and water is further added to form a complete dispersion, which is used as the test solution. Organic pigments and inorganic pigments can also be used as long as they are sufficiently dispersed in a water-based solvent.

The surface flaw detection inspection method of the present invention can bring about the following effects.

(1) Since the inspection liquid can be applied to the inspection object and inspected as it is or after drying, only one process is required compared to the three processes of penetration, cleaning, and development in conventional penetrant testing methods, and the inspection time is can be shortened.

(2) Since the solvent is entirely water-based, it is not subject to organic solvent poisoning prevention regulations, so there are no regulations on the working environment, equipment, etc., and it is also favorable from a safety standpoint.

(3) Even with automation, only one processing facility is required.

(4) The raw material phase is inexpensive and requires less use, reducing inspection costs.

(5) Compared to the case where water is used for the cleaning process in the penetrant inspection method, the amount of waste water treated is greatly reduced.

(6) Since only one process is required, there is little variation in test results.

(7) There is no need to remove the developer after the inspection, and even if the colorant is removed, it can be easily removed with a small amount of water since it is water bathable. Furthermore, if the object to be inspected is before sintering, there is no need to remove it by using a fluorescent agent with a colorant that decomposes during sintering and does not remain behind.

The surface flaw detection and inspection method of the present invention will be specifically explained using examples.

EXAMPLE Conventional inspection methods are designated as experiment numbers 1 to 3. Experiment number 1 is a conventional visual inspection, and experiment numbers 2 and 3 are generally used penetrant inspection methods.

Experiments Nos. 4 to 7 were based on the surface flaw detection method of the present invention, and used test liquids 1 to 4, respectively.

The test pieces used were ceramic plates mainly composed of silicon dioxide and alumina, and ceramic plates mainly composed of zirconium oxide, and had minute cracks.

Rhyme Experiment No. 1: Visual inspection with white wax Experiment No. 2: Penetrant inspection method, using Taseto Color Check water wash type AW-3 (manufactured by Nippon Yushiso) as the penetrant liquid, and after penetrant treatment, washing with water and drying. Then, liquid Taseto Color Check D-8 (NOF ■V) was used as the developer.

Experiment number 3: In the penetrant inspection method, Super Check water wash mP-GW (special paint moxibustion) is used as the penetrant liquid, and after the penetrant treatment, it is washed with water and dried, and the developer is liquid Super Check D-8T ( % special paint ■) was used and inspected.

Experiment No. 4: Food grade red No. 2 was used as the coloring dye, and 0.0% was used in the water. Add 1 part of the test object to 1 part of the test liquid containing 1% OO by weight.
Dip it for 0 seconds, pull it out and visually inspect it.

Experiment number 5: The colored dye is Orient Oil Scar 1/
#308C (manufactured by Orient Kagaku Kogyo ■), and after dissolving it in a small amount of acetone, so that the dye concentration is 0.1%,
The test object is immersed in Test Solution 2 diluted with water for 10 seconds, then pulled out and visually inspected.

Experiment No. 6: Using colored dye Oil Red 5B (manufactured by Orient Kagaku Kogyo ■), a small amount of hexylene glycol, cylene glycol monobutyl ether, and surfactant Nonion NS-210 (manufactured by NOF ■) After dissolving, test object 1 is immersed in test liquid 3 diluted with water so that the dye concentration becomes 001 weight - 1 for 10 seconds, then pulled up and visually inspected.

Experiment No. 7: Fluorescent dye Diamond Resin Yellow 3G (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was disintegrated into a small amount of butyl cellosol thiethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and diluted with water so that the dye a degree was 0005% by weight. The object to be tested is immersed in the liquid test liquid 4 for 6 seconds, pulled out, irradiated with ultraviolet rays, and then stacked.

The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

As mentioned above, as shown in Table 1, the surface flaw detection inspection method of the present invention is very effective for surface defect inspection of ceramics.
We were able to solve the problems of conventional penetrant testing methods.

Special Discharge - Person Nippon Oil & Fats Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A test liquid containing a coloring agent or a fluorescent agent in water with a weight ratio of 0001 to 01 is applied directly to the surface of the test object, and depending on the density of the coloring,
A ceramic surface flaw detection inspection method characterized by detecting surface defects.