JPS60159409A - Blind clamp tool - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to an acoustic fastener, in particular comprising a headed body having a tapered nose and a tubular sleeve, the nose of the body being adapted to expand the sleeve in a radial direction. The present invention relates to a sound fastener of the type that forms a blind head that can cooperate with a headed body such that the sleeve is pressed onto the head and the expanded sleeve is fixed to the body and fastened together with the perforated workpiece.

In particular, but not exclusively, the present invention includes a bolt with a bright head of a screw that is screwed into a threaded hole in a body, and rotation relative to the body moves the bolt along the p-axis, thereby It relates to a type of fastener which is adapted to be moved towards the body and to push a tubular sleeve over a tapered nose to form a blind head.

Prior Art The latter type of fastener is well known and is known as the "jaw bolt" (JO-B).
It is commercially available under the trade name OLT) and is widely used in the aerospace industry to particularly secure sheet metal sheets, such as sheets of aluminum alloy, to each other or to other members, such as structural support members. In general, such fasteners are very satisfactory when the material to be fastened is at least moderately hard and not particularly brittle and soft, but not when the actuating member with which the blind head is engaged is brittle. Can not.

In particular, types of synthetic materials such as carbon-glass fibers reinforced with plastic materials, often used in the form of sheet metals where conventional metals are used, have the favorable properties of low density and high tensile strength. However, due to its low compressive strength and low shear strength, it is susceptible to failure, and when fastened by the conventional fasteners described above, this synthetic material cannot withstand the pressures it is subjected to. There are some things I can't do.

Problem to be Solved by the Invention The main reason for the problems with the above-described conventional fasteners when used on such fragile materials is that the blind head applied by the inflated sleeve causes the fastener to The outer periphery of the hole through which it extends engages only a small area of the workpiece in close proximity to the edges of the material defining the hole. This imposes local stresses on the fragile material that it cannot withstand.

This problem with conventional fasteners is necessarily limited by the outside diameter of the sleeve and that portion of the body extending through the hole or by the diameter of the hole, whereas the nose of the body has a simple truncated nose. Due to the conical shape of the p1 body, during installation of the fastener the expanding sleeve tends to resemble the contour of the part of the body subjected to the force of the sleeve. at least in part. Therefore, the maximum inner diameter of the inflated sleeve is slightly larger than the diameter of the portion of the body passing through the hole in the workpiece, and the maximum outer diameter of the inflated sleeve is equal to the side thickness of the inflated sleeve. It is larger than the inner diameter by one time. Therefore, it is practical that the blind head applied by conventional fasteners engages the workpiece only in a small portion of the hole surround and exerts pressure on the material in this area. It is unavoidable.

The body is therefore shaped to inflate a portion of the sleeve so as to form a head having an inner diameter considerably larger than the outer diameter of the portion of the body extending through the workpiece. A fastener of the type described above was developed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a tubular body having a preformed head for engaging one face of a perforated workpiece projects beyond the electrographic image of the workpiece. an elongated shank extending through the workpiece and joined to the preformed head; a shank at the end of the shank remote from the preformed head from a diameter equal to the diameter of the shank; The tapered nose section is expanded in a radial direction to form a tapered nose section, a ductile tubular sleeve, and a blind head which are tapered outwardly to a smaller diameter K at the farthest ends. In an acoustic fastener comprising means for pressing the sleeve towards the preformed head over the
The outer surface of the nose which acts to cause expansion of the sleeve is tapered at a greater angle to the longitudinal axis of the body in the region near the handle than in the region near the small diameter of the nose; is large enough so that the tip passes over the nose when the sleeve is pressed over the nose, and the tip of the sleeve continues and expands radially to a diameter greater than the outer diameter of the handle. There is provided a sound fastener characterized in that the sleeve is permanently deformed to a size such that the inner diameter of the sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the handle.

The nose section is tapered through a plurality of truncated conical sections.

The nose has one truncated cone, with the truncated cone closer to the handle having a larger apex angle than the frustocone weaned from the handle.

The nose has a truncated cone immediately adjacent to the handle, and λ or more truncated cones, seven of which have angles as large as the apex angle of the truncated cone near the handle, are: A truncated conical upper nose portion with a small apex angle is provided between one of the truncated conical portions and the truncated conical portion adjacent to the handle.

The nose section is tapered to a small diameter through a plurality of truncated conical sections forming a curved surface, and the truncated conical section close to the shank is connected to the apex of the truncated conical section near the end of the nose section away from the shank. The apex angle is larger than that of the angle, making the angle steeper.

The nose has an outer surface forming a continuous curved surface in the longitudinal direction of the body with an increasingly abrupt taper near the handle.

The curved surface is continuous.

Moreover, the curved surface is a circular arc.

Alternatively, the curved surface is an arc of an ellipse.

Particular embodiments of the invention can be seen with reference to the accompanying drawings:
It will be explained along with examples.

Referring first to FIG. 1 of the illustrative drawings, the sonic fastener 10 includes three members, namely a tubular nut 7 that constitutes the main body of the sonic fastener.
), pol)/lI, and an inflatable sleeve tb.
and the enlarged 7'C4 square head at one end of the handle/II.
〇 and the nose portion 2 at the other end of the handle/g on the opposite side of the head 20
λ. The two nose parts are tapered to a small diameter in the direction Hn from the head part O. The nut saw has a screw hole extending in the axial direction through the head part -0, the handle part /g, and the nose part 2-.

The bolt/4t has an elongated stem 3θ and three enlarged heads at one end of the stem 30. The stem 3Q is threaded so as to be threaded into the threaded hole of the nut/λ, and is threaded to engage with the threaded hole 2, and is longer than the combined length of the nut saw and the sleeve 16.

The head 3.2 has the same diameter as the nut/shaft/shaft of λ. The stem 30 of the bolt/l' has three heads and a tail end yo on the opposite side, with a pair of diametrically opposed flats to facilitate gripping and rotation of the bolt. ,
2 is provided. The tail end tio is articulated to the rest of the system 30 by a breaking head 34t such that when the stem 30 is subjected to a predetermined torque, the stem 30 breaks and releases the attached fastener. The tail end 'IOf can be separated from the remaining part of the bolt/hole which remains as a substantial part.

In this embodiment, the sleeve/6 has a handle portion/with an outer diameter of a nut lλ.
It is a tubular cylinder with the same outer diameter as If, and has a smooth axial hole with a chamfer on the insertion side so that the small diameter end of the nose can be easily inserted. The diameter of the hole in the sleeve 16 is large enough so that the stem 3Q of the bolt 14t can extend through the hole with little clearance.

Before use, Natsutonoko and Bolt/F and Sleeve/6
are combined with each other and the stem 30 of the pole)/41 is inserted through the sleeve/end until the tail end DA protrudes from the head/one end of the nut/2 and from the hexagonal head -0. Screwed onto the ends of the separate nuts l-. The combined fasteners can then be inserted into the aligned holes 35, 34 of the desired parts of the workpieces 37 to be fastened together, so that the shank/g is located on the near side of the workpieces 37. The hexagonal head engaging with 3t extends through the workpiece 3 together with the bolt/Hiro's head 20, the sleeve/6, the nose part λλ, and a part of the handle part/l. It protrudes beyond the blind part 3D on the opposite side of 3D.

The fastener can then be installed by grasping and rotating the bolt, /2+ /lI's protruding tail end taO<taO< the head of the bolt/da, 20f nut/λ
until the tip of the sleeve/6 firmly fastens the workpiece 3 to the head, 20, and the nose part of 2 to the sleeve/1. 6 can be pressed. At this stage, the torque required to rotate the bolt sharply decreases, so that continuous rotation causes the bolt to break at the fracture neck and discard the tail end.

According to the present invention, the tip of the sleeve 16 passes over the nose portion 2- of the Nando/- when the sleeve/6 is pushed toward the head/lI of this embodiment. The tip of the sleeve 16 is shaped so that it can expand to a diameter substantially larger than the diameter of the handle of the nutsaw.
is the truncated conical part lIV near the end of the nut/co which is distant t' from the head λθ, and the truncated conical part 4 is connected to the handle part/1.
It has a first truncated conical portion DA 6 between. Fractured conical part 4! II extends approximately ⅔ of the axial length of the no section 2-, and the first truncated conical portion 4t6 extends the remaining ⅓.

As shown in FIG. 3, in this embodiment, the truncated conical part +
The outer surface of + is tapered toward the apex angle of da θ9 and p1
The outer surface of the truncated conical portion DA 6 is tapered gently toward the apex angle of 7θ0. Therefore, the apex angle of the truncated cone part Dada is substantially smaller than the apex angle of the truncated cone part 416, and the apex angle of the truncated cone part 416 is generally in the range of 300 to 11.2 degrees. The apex angle of a single taper nose of a typical conventional fastener is substantially greater. The angle between the surfaces of the λ parts is greater than t o O, in this example /
It is 6j0.

Therefore, when the sleeve 16 is forced over the nose part 1 during installation of the fastener io, the tip qg of the sleeve 6 first encounters the frustoconical part p+ of the loose Taber;
It will be seen that the expansion progressing along the length of the sleeve from the distal end will gradually expand radially and thus cause the sleeve/6 to flare out. Subsequently, the already divergent tip of the sleeve expands at a large rate per unit of longitudinal movement moved by the bolt head 20 into a first truncated, steeper taper. It meets the conical part lIb. Finally, the tip of the sleeve lB reaches and passes through the intersection between the first frustoconical part D6 of the nose part 2- and the cylindrical groove.

When the shank/l is cylindrical and of constant diameter, which is the same as the maximum diameter of the nose λ, the shank/l does not provide any internal support for the sleeve/6.

Despite the increasing hoop stress occurring in the expanded sleeve/6 due to the taper of the first truncated cone lIb of the nose part λ, the tip of the sleeve/6 is able to move a short distance away from the first truncated cone lIb. The surface of the cone 6 continues to move linearly and therefore expands further in the radial direction until the hoop stress within the sleeve overcomes the tendency at the tip to continue expanding.
5) Continue to swell. The tip then stops expanding further.

The tip of the sleeve 16 that passes past the nose portion 22 has a circular cylindrical shape near the tip, and in addition to becoming tapered toward the tip, the sleeve 16 has a diameter smaller than the diameter of the handle/II. It is also preferred to have a really large diameter. Therefore,
The first truncated conical portion DA 6 finally creates an angle where it meets the cylindrical handle /l, and the surface of the first truncated conical portion DA 6 is formed before the tip at meets the workpiece 37. The tendency of the sleeve/6 to continue expanding at the same rate as it passes over is due to the hoop stress within the sleeve/6 which simultaneously causes the tip of the sleeve 16 to rotate radially inwardly towards the outer surface of the handle/l. is substantially balanced by Tip part t so that it becomes cylindrical
In order to balance the forces acting on the ttr, the exact angle at which the No. 1
6 must be determined in relation to the extensibility, elasticity and hardness of the tip pg. In fact, the angle is determined empirically n
Continued rotation of the bolt with respect to the saw continues until the head 20 of the bolt at the other end of the sleeve 16 hits the blind 37 of the workpiece 37 and exerts a force on the blind 39. The cylindrical tip of the sleeve 16 is moved forward under pressure. This takes place in an annular portion radially spaced from the edge of the hole 36, so that no stress is applied to the workpiece 37 immediately adjacent to this edge. The inflated sleeve/6 is provided with a blind head which firmly clamps the λ workpieces 3 together with the pre-fabricated head -0 of the nut saw. When the resistance to the rotation of the bolt becomes large, the tail end is moved away from the sound fastener 10 attached to the workpiece 3 as shown in FIG.
is broken. The nut saw, bolt 14t, and expanded sleeve/6 are firmly secured to each other by frictional engagement. The clear internal chamfer 9 of the tip pi of the sleeve/6 is no longer flattened, but has been smoothed out by the passage of the sleeve/6 along the nose of the nut saw.

The angles chosen in this example and described above are suitable for sleeves made of stainless steel designated as American Steel Industry Standard Joy (Al5IJO+). Generally, the apex angle of the frustocone should be greater than that used for single tapers used in conventional fasteners of this type, and preferably should not be less than about 600 degrees.

However, if the apex angle of the truncated cone 'It is large, not only will excessive force be required to press the sleeve against this truncated cone in the nose, but there is also the attendant worry of buckling the sleeve. The hope stress at the tip of the sleeve is not sufficient to prevent continued expansion of the tip of the sleeve within a reasonable interval of longitudinal movement, resulting in premature rupture of the rupture neck. It has a shape that widens at the end other than a cylindrical shape. This is not suitable.

Instead of just one differentially tapered section, the nose section 22 has a plurality of tapered sections that are more steeply tapered near the shank/tank than near the end opposite the head 20. can have a portion of

Therefore, in another extreme but practical embodiment, the fasteners shown schematically in FIG. 7, which are similar to those in FIG. A nose portion whose outer surface forms a continuous curved surface in the longitudinal direction that can be considered to be constituted by a tapered portion; 2-
have.

In this example, the center C is moved by a short distance d1 to the nut/-
The axis of the nut 7.2 is spaced in front of the end of the nose part 22 away from the a part ig of the nut 7.2 by a distance greater than the sum of the radii of the circle itself due to the hole of the nut/2 and a small distance d. The curve is formed as an arc of a circle of radius r spaced radially from the center A.

The distance d1 is such that the tangent to the curve is 90° at the point where the curved outer surface of the nose portion 22 meets the end surface of the nose portion-1.
” It is preferably chosen such that the diameter of the nose section weaned from the end surface increases rapidly since it meets the end surface at a greater angle.

The spacing d2 radially traverses the end face between the inner surface of the hole of the nut 7.2 and the outer surface of the nose part λ at a limited distance;
Therefore, it is preferable to select 1 so as not to form a knife edge on the end surface.
The radius length of the curvature r of the curved outer surface of the dnru〇 nose part 22 is:
The diameter of the outer surface of the nose section, 22, in relation to the dimensions of the fasteners and the ductility of the sleeve section, the amount of strain on the diameter that can be suppressed as experienced by the sleeve/6, in relation to the forces available to deform the sleeve. is chosen such that the rate of change is acceptable.

In a particular example of this embodiment, the shank of the nut has an outside diameter of 7.5 mm. ? In A, the diameter of the crest of the screw hole is j, and in A, the minimum diameter of the nose is j, ? It's my friend. Therefore, the width in the radial direction of the end surface of the nose portion is (jJ −5,6)÷ko:0. /! ;
It is Mll. The curvature of the outer surface of the nose section in the longitudinal direction is determined by the radius s, ymyn, the distance d1 determined by the angle at which the outer surface of the nose section meets the end surface is /, Omyx, and the radial width of the end surface and the value d1. A part of the circle having the interval d1 is -〇.

It is supposed to form.

The effect of the curved tapered nose on the sleeve as the sleeve is pushed towards the nose and past the nose is substantially the same as in the previous embodiment, with the tip of the sleeve pointing towards the handle and being pushed past the nose. The distal end of the sleeve is gradually expanded at an increasing rate as it advances from the distal end of the sleeve.

As in the previous example, the angle at which the tip of the sleeve finally leaves the nose at the intersection of the nose and handle is such that the increasing hoop stress at the tip of the sleeve somewhat inhibits radial expansion. is sufficient so that the tip continues to expand radially. As in the previous embodiment, surrounding the outer surface of the handle at radially spaced intervals is sufficient to cause a portion of the sleeve to follow the tip so as to assume a cylindrical shape.
The r7-p stress is the last to suppress. The cylindrical tip of the sleeve attaches to the bolt head at the other end of the sleeve until the sleeve abuts the workpiece and forms a blind head that cooperates with the head of the nut to secure the workpiece. Press to continue moving forward.

Comparison with the nose section of the first embodiment in which the taper is formed by λ different truncated conical parts in which the first truncated conical part has a somewhat larger apex angle than the seventh truncated conical part. In this embodiment, the rate of change of the nose from the small diameter to the maximum diameter is smooth across the nose, and the amount of force required to press the sleeve at the nose does not increase rapidly. Therefore, there is less risk of impact reaction forces of the cage embodiment causing the fracture neck to break prematurely.

In this embodiment, the curved surface corresponds to the action and effect on the internal angle relationship of one of the frustoconical sections of the first embodiment.

Implementation in which the displacement p of the curved surface of the nose part in the form of a circular arc is provided with a criterion such as the angle of the tangent to the tapered surface meeting the outer surface of the handle and preferably the angle at which the end face or tip of the nose part meets. can be made into the shape of an elliptical arc without substantially changing it.

In the previous embodiment, the fastener structure is such that it can be installed by rotation of the bolt to press the sleeve against the nose due to the feed screw effect achieved by the threaded engagement between the nut and bolt. However, other configurations are also possible in which the sleeve can be compressed over the nose and expanded and pressed to secure the workpieces together to secure the fastener.

Therefore, there is no need for threaded holes in the bolt stem and nut for threaded engagement; instead, the NAND has a shank, a tapered nose, and a headed body with a smooth hole with a threaded hole allowance of 9. The stem of the bolt can also be pulled axially along the hole such that the bolt head presses the sleeve onto the nose and engages the workpiece, causing retraction and expansion of the bolt. The stem of the bolt is secured subsequently to the body to maintain the sleeve in position in an appropriate manner, such as by deforming to form a cooperating lock with the body to prevent loss of the sleeve.

(23) In an embodiment of the present invention in which a plurality of truncated conical parts are formed in the tapered nose part, for example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. It should be noted that the truncated conical part close to the shank is affected by the extent to which the part continues to expand. Therefore, within limits, the length of the frustoconical portion close to the handle is large, and the diameter of the inflated sleeve is seen to be large enough to exceed the diameter of the handle.

Similarly, in embodiments where the nose is a concave surface that meets the outer surface of the handle, the radius of curvature of the curved surface will affect the extent to which the sleeve continues to expand.

In yet another embodiment, the body of the fastener has a truncated conical portion near the handle and a nose portion with an apex angle near the tip that is the same as the portion near the handle. It has a nose section with another truncated cone section, these one truncated cone section being separated from each other in the p-axis direction by an intermediate section with a small or zero apex angle.

When considering the size of the angle formed in any of the embodiments between the axis of the bolt and the tangent to the plain or curved surface of the end when reaching the end face, that is, the tip of the nose part, In order to avoid the sharpness of the tip of the nose part and to help with the arrangement within the hole of the sleeve, it is possible to ignore the angle formed by the slope or roundness of the tip of the nose part.

Although some specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be clear that the invention is not limited to these embodiments and that the details and dimensions of the invention may be varied in various ways. For example, a tapered nose portion may be formed by a plurality of truncated conical portions, and a portion of an appropriately curved shape may be used to
It is also possible to combine one truncated cone into the next.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 7 is an axial cross-sectional view of the wire fitting inserted through the workpiece and before installation; FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 showing the wire fitting after installation; The figure shows the shape of the nose part of the handle of the government-issued clothing, and FIG. 2 is a diagram similar to FIG. 3 showing the shape of the nose part of another electric wire clothing. In the figure, l-2 nut, / tick bolt, melo: sleeve, lt: handle, 20:
Head 1.2λ: Nose, 41: Screw hole, 30: Stem, 3'l: Fractured neck 1.3J, J4; Hole, 37
: Workpiece, 0: Tail end, holder lI6? : truncated conical part, yt: tip part. 27) Fig, 4, cr 1i'''r demon, 2゜

Claims (1)

[Claims] l Preformed to engage one surface of a perforated workpiece n
a tubular body having a head formed from the preformed head; an elongated handle extending through the workpiece so as to project beyond the entire blind surface of the workpiece and joined to the preformed head; separation
t At the end of the handle, from the same diameter as the handle, to the handle!
A ductile tubular sleeve with a nose tapering outwardly to a small diameter at the tip end, preformed over a tapered nose fitting to sequentially expand the sleeve in a radial direction to form a blind head. 1 fastener with means for pressing the sleeve towards the head of the nose (2) which acts to cause an expansion of the sleeve (/6);
The outer surface of 2) is tapered at a larger angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the main body in the part (ri 6) near the handle part (7g) than in the part (dag) near the small diameter part of the nose part, This large angle is caused by the fact that when the sleeve (/6) is pressed onto the nose part (2 pieces), the tip part C'l g)
λ2), and the tip of the sleeve (/6) continues to expand radially to a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the handle (1g), thereby increasing the inner diameter of the sleeve. A fastening device characterized by being permanently deformed to a size that is larger than the outer diameter of the handle (7g). The blind fastening part Q according to claim 1, characterized in that it is tapered through a portion (tI da. da 6). /−
) has a larger apex angle than the truncated conical part (dari) separating from the handle part (7g). (Y2) has a truncated cone (lIb>'fr:) immediately adjacent to the peduncle (/g), and is as large as the apex angle of the truncated cone (RI6) near the peduncle (7g). One or more truncated cones having seven angles are
A truncated cone with a small apex angle (lI44) between two truncated cones and a truncated cone C416) adjacent to the handle Cat)
The sound fastening device according to claim 1 or 1, characterized in that the nose portion (j, 2) is provided with a curved nose portion (j, 2). A plurality of truncated conical parts (Ff, 116) forming a surface taper to a small diameter through f, and the truncated conical part close to the shank (7g) is the shank (/za).
The sound fastening according to claim 1, characterized in that the north part (, 22) from @n has a steeper taper with a larger apex angle than the apex angle of the truncated conical part near the chisel K. Ingredients. 5. Nose part (-1) L/i, handle part Cat> It has an outer surface that forms a continuous curved surface in the longitudinal direction of the main body (/) that gradually tapers near the entire part. A sound fastening body Q2 according to either claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the sound fastening device Q 2 is characterized in that the curved surface is a circular arc. . & The sound fastening device according to claim 6, wherein the curved surface is an elliptical arc. 2. The nose portion (22) is tapered at the truncated conical portion C1l 6) immediately near the handle portion (/za) toward an apex angle of 600 or more. The sound fastening device described in item 7. 10. Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the frustoconical portion of the nose portion (λ, 2) in the immediate vicinity of the handle portion (7g) tapers toward an apex angle of approximately 700°. The sound fastening device described in any 7 items of Item 9. /l The sound fastening body according to any one of claims 1 to 1O, characterized in that the sleeve (I6) is a tubular body having smooth parallel axial holes. The sound fastening body according to claim 1, wherein the hole of the sleeve (I6) is flared at both ends so that the small diameter end of the nose part (I2) can easily enter the hole. The angle at which the steeply tapered truncated conical part (see 6) of the nose part (2λ) meets the stem (/lr) and the length of the steeply tapered truncated conical part (lIb) are: sleeve(
After the tip (daza) of 16) is pushed past the nose (2-)f, a part of the sleeve (I6) adjacent to the tip (dag) is pushed past the handle (/su). Claims 1 to 1 are characterized in that they are provided in a tubular shape with an inner diameter M larger than an outer diameter.
or the sound fastening device described in paragraph 7.