JPS60156253A - Disc type brushless motor with one position detector two armature coils for flowing one phase - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce constituents by disposing a position detector at a stationary side position relating to the uniform condition with a conductor unit which contributes to a generated torque, thereby self-starting with one position detector. CONSTITUTION:A plastic plate-shaped armature body 1 is formed so that a current flow controller IC8 integrated with a position detector 5 and a current flow control circuit is plastic-molded with opaque resin material, and formed in a plate shape having a through hole at the center. The detector 5 is disposed at the position which has the uniform condition with a conductor unit which contributes to the generated torque of an armature coil 4.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a single-phase energized disc-type brushless motor having one position sensing element and two armature coils.

Conventionally, a disc-type brushless motor having two armature coils as a stator armature requires two position sensing elements. Here, a magnetoelectric transducer such as a Hall element or a Hall IC is often used as the position sensing element, but since this position sensing element is expensive, it is cheaper to use only one element if possible. This is preferable in that a small disc-type brushless motor can be obtained.

However, if there is only one position detection element, the motor cannot start automatically if this element detects the boundary between the north and south poles of the field magnet, that is, the dead point. In addition, compared to the disc type commutator motor, the conventional disc type brushless motor has a large number of components, especially electrical parts for the energization control circuit. Forming a device with built-in electrical components for the energization control circuit has the disadvantage that it is extremely complicated, large-sized, and requires a significant increase in assembly time.

Furthermore, when the disk-type brushless motor is disassembled, its internal structure can be easily understood;
When a product leaks to other countries that are not protected by patents, it can be easily imitated by companies in those countries. As a result, products of poor quality are dispersed in various places, and a vicious cycle is occurring in which repairs and bad reviews of such quality return to the companies that have taken the trouble to develop them.The present invention is based on the above circumstances. To obtain a one-phase, two-coil, disc-type brushless motor which is capable of self-starting even with a single position-detecting element, is efficient and inexpensive, and has a configuration of the disc-type brushless motor. To enable mass production at low cost by reducing the number of elements and making it easy to assemble, and to prevent the structure of the stator armature, which consists of electrical parts for the energization control circuit and the armature coil, from being easily visible from the outside. This was done with the aim of preventing imitation.

The object of the present invention is to use a 2p (p is an integer of 2 or 3) pole field magnet having N and S magnetic poles alternately as a rotor, and to set the opening angle of the conductor part contributing to the generated torque to be equal to the field magnet. 2 which is wound with an opening angle width approximately equal to the magnetic pole of the magnet.
The armature coils are fixedly installed so as not to overlap each other, and
The armature coil, the position sensing element, and the electrical components for the energization control circuit are arranged as described above, and each position sensing element is arranged at a fixed side position that is in a relationship of equal conditions with the conductor part that contributes to the generated torque. is molded into a plastic plate-like armature body having a through hole in the center, and is fixed at a stationary side position facing the field magnet which is the rotor, and facing the rotation direction of the rotor. A magnetic material for coking generation is buried in a position between approximately one-third of the width of the magnetic pole from the conductor part that contributes to the generated torque, or in a position equivalent to this position, or This is achieved by providing a disk-type brushless motor that is energized in one phase and has four position sensing elements f-1 and two armature coils, which are characterized by having four parts or through holes for storing magnetic material.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows one position sensing element using the disc-type brushless motor of the present invention. Armature coil 2'-1 The square case 9 for a disk-type brushless fan motor (see FIG. 2), which is flat in the axial direction and is made of, for example, a magnetic material, has a central through hole 10, The inner peripheral portion of the hole 10 has a protrusion 9a extending upward. Bearings fl, 12 are provided at the openings at both upper and lower ends of the inner circumference of the through hole 10. As shown in FIG.

A rotary shaft 13 is rotatably supported by the bearings 11 and 12 approximately at the center of the main body of the disc-type brushless fan motor FM. At the bottom of the rotating shaft 16 is a pull-out stopper E.
A ring 14 is attached. Reference numeral 21 is a concave portion of the case 9 (see FIG. 2), 22 is an air passage hole provided at the bottom of the case 9, 26 is a stay, and 24-1 and 24-2 are a positive power cord and a negative power cord, respectively.

Reference numeral 9b is a support made of a non-magnetic material provided on the cup body 9, and on the top of this support 2b is a plastic plate-shaped armature body 1 (see Fig. 4) made of a magnetic material with a built-in energization control circuit. It is screwed in with a screw 15. As shown in FIG. 4, the plastic plate-shaped armature body 1 includes an IC 8 for an energization control circuit that integrates a position detection element and an energization control circuit 28 (to be described later) in a plastic mold using an opaque resin (plastic) material 6. It is formed into a plate-like body with a through hole in the center. Plastic plate armature body 1
In this example, an energization control circuit IC 8 having an armature coil 4 and one position detection element arranged as described later is plastic-molded with an opaque plastic material 6. The reason why the opaque plastic 6 is used is mainly to easily read the installation positions of the armature coil 4 and position detection element 5 from the outside.

This is to prevent it from being easily imitated by making it invisible. The position detection element 5 and the energization control circuit 28 are combined into one energization control circuit IC 8 because
This is not only to reduce the cost, but also to form a plastic plate-shaped armature body 1 with a small thickness to obtain the disc-type brushless fan motor FM with a small thickness. In order to further advance this purpose, the printed circuit board that is normally used for wiring the armature coil 4, drive circuit IC, and IT has been replaced by a plastic plate armature as shown in FIG. A conductive pattern 7 for printed wiring is formed on the lower surface of the body 1, thereby eliminating the need for a printed circuit board and forming a plastic plate-like armature body 1 that is as thin as the thickness of the printed circuit board. Similarly, the stator yoke, which is normally arranged on the lower surface of the armature coil 4, is also omitted. However, it goes without saying that a printed circuit board and a stator yoke may be used, and these may also be molded in plastic at the same time. If a stator yoke is provided on the lower surface of the printed circuit board 6, a strong magnetic field can be obtained, but the output from the position sensing element 5, which will be described later, becomes a square wave, and the armature coil 4 is energized with a square wave. Therefore, the sudden switching of energization produces a loud rotating noise that is unpleasant to the ears. Therefore, without using a stator yoke, the output of the position detection element 5 is smoothed to a sine wave, and the armature coil 4 is energized in a sine wave to prevent large rotational noise from occurring. Because there is no stator yoke, there is a risk of not being able to obtain a strong field, so we changed the winding specifications of the armature coil 4, resulting in a disk-type grassless fan motor that requires less current and has a higher rotation speed. FM was obtained. Stator yaw I again? Therefore, it is cheaper and easier to assemble, and an inexpensive disc-type brushless fan motor FM can be obtained. In order to engage the head of a screw 15 made of a magnetic material for screwing the plastic plate-shaped armature body 1, a hub 19 made of a non-magnetic material having an engaging part i is attached to the plate-shaped plate-shaped armature body 1. It is integrally molded in plastic with the armature body 1 (see FIGS. 1 and 4). Screw 1 to the hub 19 above
5 and screw the screw 15 into the screw hole provided in the support 9b, thereby attaching the plastic plate armature body 1 to the support 9.
It is screwed onto the top surface of b. Plastic plate armature body 1
The armature coil 4-1.4- is arranged as follows.
2. The energization control circuit ICs are arranged 8 degrees symmetrically. Part 2
The stator armature is formed by the armature coils 4-1, 4-2. The upper surface of the plastic plate-shaped armature body 1 is opposed to a fan-equipped cup body 20 made of plastic and flat in the axial direction as shown in FIG.

Reference numeral 25 denotes a fan integrally formed on the outer periphery of the fan-equipped cup body 20. A boss portion 26 is integrally formed approximately at the center of the inner surface of the cup body 20.
The upper end of the rotating shaft 16 is fixedly attached to the rotating shaft 16 so that the rotating shaft 16 rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 16.

An annular rotor yoke 2 is provided on the inner surface of the cup body 20.
7 is permanently installed. On the lower surface of the rotor yoke 27, a six-pole annular field magnet 2 having alternating N and S magnetic poles as shown in FIG. There is. Armature coil 4-1
．． 4-2 is a radial conductor portion 4 that contributes to the generated torque.
The opening angle between a-1 and 4a-2 is approximately equal to the magnetic pole of the field magnet 2. In addition, since the field magnet 2 used a 6-pole one, the armature coil 4-1. The angle is 60 degrees. Incidentally, since the circumferential conductor portion 4b of the armature coil 4-1, 4-2 does not contribute to the generated torque, even if a field magnet rotor 2 with a radius smaller by the width of the conductor portion 4b is used, It's going to be a good thing. 7 position detection satin 5 in which an integrated energization control circuit IC 8 including a position detection element 5 is disposed between armature coils 4-1 and 4-2;
The position can be easily detected by using a magnetoelectric transducer such as a Hall element, a Hall IC, or a magnetoresistive element. The position detection element 5 includes a conductor portion 4 that contributes to the generated torque in a positional manner.
It is better to arrange it on a-1 or 4a-2, but since the thickness increases by the amount of the cord 5, the field magnet 2 and the plastic plate armature body 1 are The air gap between the parts increases, making it impossible to obtain a strong rotational torque, and the arrangement becomes extremely troublesome, making it unsuitable for mass production. Therefore, as will be described later and further explained, the first position detection element 5 is arranged at a position that is on equal condition with the conductor section 4a-2 that contributes to the generated torque of one of the electric machine f coils 4-1. .

In order to locate the position detecting element 5 at such a position, the energization control circuit IC 8 including the position detecting element 5 is arranged as shown in FIG. 6. The position of the position sensing element 5 will be explained in more detail later. The terminals of the energization control circuit IC 8 are connected to a printed wiring conductive pattern 7 formed on the lower surface of the plastic plate armature body 1 .

Referring to FIG. 6, the two armature coils 4-1 and the screws 15-L and 15-2 are connected to the armature in the direction of rotation of the field magnet 2 (direction of arrow A...see FIG. 7). Coil 4-
Approximately 3 from the conductor portion 4a that contributes to the generated torque of 1.4-2
The magnetic pole width (20 degrees) is 1/2 by screwing it onto the plastic plate-like armature body at one position between the ends.
The magnetic material for coking generation is formed at a position where the rotor can start automatically. The most desirable position for screwing the screws 15-1, 15-2 is the armature coil 4-1 in the direction of rotation of the field magnet 2 (direction of arrow A...see FIG. 7). .4-2, the screw 15-2 is located at a position in front of the conductor portion 4a that is about one-third the magnetic pole width (approximately 15 degrees), which contributes to the generated torque, and in Fig. 6, the screw 15-
1.15-2 is screwed on. The reason why the screw 15-1.15-2 is used as the coking generating magnetic material is that the plastic plate armature body 1 is attached to the top surface of the support column 9b by the screw 15-1.15-2 as described above. This is to make it easier to fix the coking force and to adjust the amount of coking force generated. These screws 15-1, 15-2 cause coking, and even if there is only one position sensing element 5, the rotor can be started automatically. That is, by screwing the protrusion made of a magnetic material by the screw 15-1.15-2 onto the plate-shaped armature body 1, the field magnet 2 is attracted to the screw P15=1.15-2, and the field magnet 2 is attracted to the screw P15=1.15-2. A location where 2 can start automatically,
That is, the screw 15-1.1 is installed at the above-mentioned position so that the 1-position detection element 5 stops at a position where it does not detect the dead Φ point.
By screwing 5-2, even if there is only one 1-position detection element 5, the 2-coil, 1-phase disc-type brushless fan motor FM can be started automatically. The above screw 15-
To explain the position of 1.15-2 in more detail with reference to FIG. 6, the field is A position between about 1/3 magnetic pole width (20 degrees) of the magnetic magnet 2, preferably about 1/4 magnetic pole width (15 degrees), is applied to the generated torque of the armature coil 4-1.4-2. The screws 15-1 and 15-2 are screwed into the contributing conductor portion 4a-2 at a position before the contributing conductor portion 4a-2 in the direction of rotation (arrow A). In this embodiment, the screws 15-1 and 15-2 are provided at 180 degrees symmetrical positions to further enable the rotor to start automatically, but even one screw 15 is sufficient for the purpose. . Further, a screw 15 made of a magnetic material for generating coking may be screwed into a position equivalent to the above position. For example, the dotted line box is approximately 1/4 magnetic pole in front of the conductor portion 4a-1 in the direction of rotation (arrow A), which contributes to the torque generated by the armature coils 4-1 and/or 4-2. Screw 15-1.1 in position 18 or/and 19
5-2 may be screwed on.

Next, the reason why the protrusion made of magnetic material by the screw 15-1, 15-2 is provided at the above-mentioned position will be described.

The position where the maximum starting torque is generated is armature coil 4-1.
Conductor portions 4a-1, 4a- that contribute to the generated torque of 4-2
This is the second position. Therefore, the screw 15-1 is placed in this position.
．． 15-2, but it is difficult to arrange it in this position, and if the maximum starting torque is applied in advance at the time of starting, the highest efficiency cannot be obtained due to the loss at the time of starting.

Therefore, if the field magnet 2 moves even a little.

In order to generate the maximum torque, the screws 15-1 and 15-2 are provided at a position just before the conductor portions 4a-1 and 4a-2 that contribute to the generated torque by the above-mentioned conditions. This position indicates that the screw 15-1 or 15-2 is the N of the field magnet 2.
This is a position to ensure that the stop position of the field magnet 2 is always at the best starting position so that it is located at the center of the magnetic pole of the pole or the south pole. Also screw 15-1.15-2
It is convenient to use a magnet whose head is at the center of the magnetic pole of the field magnet 2, and whose size and strength are such that it can always be stopped and that it can be started easily.

FIG. 8 is a developed view of the field magnet 2 and armature coil group in a six-pole, two-coil, one-phase brushless fan motor.

Conductor portion 4a that contributes to the torque generated by armature coil 4-1
-2 terminal and the terminal of the conductor portion 4a-2 that contributes to the generated torque of the armature coil 4-2 are commonly connected, and the terminal of the conductor portion 4a-1 that contributes to the generated torque of the armature coil 4-1 is The conductor portion 4 is connected to the connection point 33 between the collector of the transistor 29 and the collector of the transistor 60 in the energization control circuit 28 and contributes to the torque generated by the armature coil 4-2.
The terminal a-1 is connected to a connection point 64 between the collector of the transistor 61 and the collector of the transistor 32.

The energization control circuit 28 is formed as a one-phase reciprocating energization control circuit. The emitters of the transistors 29, 31 are connected to the positive power supply terminal 35, respectively, and the emitters of the transistors 30, 32
The emitters of each are connected to ground 36.

Power terminal and output terminal 37 (not shown) of the position sensing element 5
-1.37-2 is connected to the energization control circuit 28.

Therefore, when the position detection p-shaped element 5 detects the N pole of the field magnet 2, the transistor 2
9.32 is made conductive, a current flows in the direction of the arrow in the armature coil 4-1, 4-2, and rotational force in a predetermined direction can be obtained. When the position detection element 5 detects the S pole of the field magnet 2, the transistor 6 is connected via the output terminal 37-2.
0°31 is conductive, a current in the opposite direction to the above flows through the armature coils 4-1, 4-2, and rotational force in a predetermined direction can be obtained.

Next, the arrangement position of the position sensing element 5 will be explained.

In FIGS. 6 and 8, the position detection floor F-5 is a portion surrounded by dotted lines of the conductor portion 4a-2 (or 4a-1) that contributes to the generated torque of the armature coil 4-1 (or 4-2). 39(
or 6B, 40.41) position, but for the reasons mentioned above, it is preferable to place it at the dotted line enclosure part 39 (or 3
8,40.41) Cannot be placed in position. Therefore, looking at the one-dot line enclosure 39, the position detection element 5 corresponds to approximately the middle part of the S pole 2b of the field magnet 2, so
If you look for a position that is in an equal relationship with this, the dotted line enclosure 42, which is approximately the middle position between the S pole 2f, corresponds to B. Therefore, the position detection elements 5 are arranged at six positions corresponding to the dotted line surrounding portions 42. That is, in this case, the 1-position detection element 5 can be easily arranged because it does not face the conductor portion 4a-2 that contributes to the generated torque of the armature coil 4-1.4-2. In addition, according to one or more conditions, the position sensing element 5 can be placed at an optimal target position according to various designs.

FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of a second embodiment of the present invention &'Lr0f one-piece plate-like mecha body 1'. This electric machine f body 1' has a concave part and a through hole for attaching the coking generating magnetic body by integrally molding the hub 19 with plastic when the armature body 1 is equipped with the coking generating magnetic body. In contrast, when forming the armature body, a cogging generating screw 15-1.15- made of a magnetic material is used.
A screw hole for screwing the screws 15-1 and 15-2 into the screw holes is either integrally formed or formed afterwards, and the screws 15-1 and 15-2 are screwed into the screw holes. Incidentally, if the screw hole portion is formed of a metal body.

It is desirable to form a plastic plate-shaped armature body 1' that is durable.

In the above example, a 6-pole magnet rotor 2 is used, but a 4-pole or 8-pole magnet rotor 2 also requires one position sensing element.

Although it is a 2-coil, 1-phase motor, it is capable of self-starting and is inexpensive and compact.The lassiless motor has the following characteristics: (1) it can self-start even with a single position sensing element;
2) Since there are only one position sensing element and two armature coils, assembly is extremely easy. ,
Since there is no need to use a stator yoke (it is constructed without using a stator yoke), it can rotate at high speed with less current, and can be mass-produced to energize the armature coil. (3) Coreless type disk Since it is a type brushless motor, there is no coking effect that adversely affects the characteristics of the motor, so the motor has good performance. (4) The number of component parts is extremely small, so it is easy to assemble and is inexpensive. (5) If the armature coil and energization control circuit IC are molded with opaque plastic and configured into an integrated plate, the internal structure cannot be easily confirmed from the outside. This has the effect of preventing easy imitation by others.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a disk-type brushless fan motor shown as an example to which the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the case of the fan motor shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a cup body; FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a plastic plate armature body as a first embodiment of the present invention;
The figure is a plan view of a conductive pattern for printed wiring as an example formed on the lower surface of the military aircraft body in Figure 4, Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram of the internal structure of the armature body in Figure 4, and Figure 7 is a six-pole FIG. 8 is a developed view of a six-pole field magnet and armature coil group, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a plastic plate armature body as a second embodiment of the present invention. It is. 1.1'... Plastic plate armature body, 2... Field magnet, 4... Armature coil, 5... Position detection element, 6... Plastic, 8... Energization control IC for battle circuit, 15...Screw with magnetic material. Patent applicant Teruatsu Takahashi]

Claims (1)

[Claims] The rotor is a 2p (p is an integer of 2 or 3) field magnet having 1, N, and S magnetic poles alternately, and the opening angle of the conductor portion contributing to the generated torque is 1. Two armature coils wound with an opening angle width approximately equal to the magnetic pole width of the field magnet are arranged so as not to overlap each other, and one position detection element contributes to the generated torque of the armature coil. The armature coil, position detection element, and electrical components for the energization control circuit arranged as described above are placed in a position that is in a relationship of equal conditions with the conductor section, and the armature coil, position detection element, and electrical components for the energization control circuit are molded into plastic and have a through hole in the center. It is formed on a plate-shaped armature body and is fixedly installed at a position on the fixed side facing the field magnet which is the rotor, and extends approximately 3.3 mm from the conductor part contributing to the generated torque in the rotational direction of the rotor. A coking-generating magnetic material is buried in a position between 1/2 the width of the magnetic pole or a position equivalent to this position, or a recess or a through hole is provided for storing the coking-generating magnetic material. One position sensing element characterized by: 0. A disc-type brushless motor with two armature coils that are energized in one phase. 2. A disc-type disc-type device with one position detection element and two armature coils that is energized in one phase according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic material for generating coking is a screw made of a magnetic material. brushless motor. 3. The through hole formed in the plastic plate armature body is
One-phase energization of one position sensing element and two armature coils according to claim 2, characterized by having a stepped portion that engages with the head of the cogging generating screw made of the magnetic material. disc type brushless motor. 4. The through hole formed in the plastic plate-shaped armature body has a screw hole portion. A disc-type brushless motor that is phase-energized. 5. One position sensing element and two armature coils according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the inner peripheral part of the through hole is made of a metal body. A disc-type brushless motor that is powered by one phase. 6. One position sensing element according to claim 5, wherein the metal body is made of a non-magnetic material. A disc-type brushless motor with two armature coils that are energized in one phase. 7. The position according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the screw made of magnetic material is for fixing the plastic plate-shaped armature body to the stationary side. A disc-type brushless motor with one detection element and two armature coils that is energized in one phase. 8. The electric component for the energization control circuit is an IC for the energization control circuit integrally formed including the position detection element, as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7. A single-phase energized disc-type brushless motor with one position detection element and two armature coils. 9. One position sensing element according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the plastic plate armature body is formed with a conductive pattern for printed wiring; A disc-type brushless motor with two sub-coils that are energized in one phase.