JPS60155900A - Method of inhibiting blasting public nuisance - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention utilizes the explosion of explosives to excavate tunnels, change topography, crush ore and stone, destroy buildings, etc. The present invention eliminates the explosion sound generated during so-called blasting. The present invention relates to a method for suppressing the scattering of flying objects.

Conventionally, when carrying out blasting work, explosive noise and flying debris (so-called flying stones) inevitably occur, and although these are seen as a source of blasting pollution, there are no effective measures to deal with them. For example, to cover the blasting area, blasting mats, wire nets, nylon explosion-proof mats, etc., have been used to cover blasting areas.

For example, if the conventional blasting method in light blasting is explained with reference to FIG. Load the one equipped with an electric detonator (main die 4), sand,
Blasting was carried out by immersing explosion-proof Matsutoro in the entire blasting area, which had been filled with water, clay, etc.

However, even when explosion-proof mats are used during blasting, it is insufficient to suppress the blasting pollution as described above.

On the other hand, when blasting is carried out underwater, the shock waves caused by the detonation of the explosives are not propagated directly into the water, but are first propagated through the water, so the explosion sound is transmitted into the air and is perceived as acoustics. is reduced to a large ij, and there are fewer flying objects in the air.

The reason for this is that when the shock wave from detonating explosives propagates through water, the distance traveled by the detonation pressure is small because water is denser than air, and when the shock wave propagates through the water and then into the air, the explosion source It is thought that the pressure of the shock wave transmitted through the air is lower than when the sound is transmitted directly into the air, and therefore the sound is also smaller.In addition, in the case of a fire source, a large amount of explosive gas is generated as the explosive explodes. , it rapidly expands from a high-pressure state, moving the surrounding air and creating an acoustic segment that follows the shock wave from the explosion impact. At that time, if water is present where the explosive gas and air come into contact, in addition to the effects mentioned above, high temperatures and
It is thought that by cooling the high-pressure explosive gas with water, the apparent gas noise is reduced, and therefore the degree to which the air is moved by the gas is reduced, which reduces the sound.
It is clear that the resistance of this intervening water suppresses the scattering of crushed rocks and the like.

The present invention was obtained as a result of research in consideration of the above circumstances, and effectively utilizes the above effects in normal air blasting to achieve a reduction in explosion noise, etc.

That is, when performing blasting by interposing water between the blasting phenomenon and the air, the present invention provides at least the entire surface of the area where a funnel hole may be formed on the free surface of the blasting material or the area where explosive gas is expected to be ejected. This method of suppressing blasting pollution is characterized by covering the area with water.

The basic method of using water to suppress the explosion noise accompanying an explosion is to interpose water between the explosion phenomenon and the air.
・The explosion phenomenon referred to here refers to objects to be blasted and explosive gas that are directly destroyed or deformed by the explosion of explosives.
Although the explosion impact is transmitted, it does not include the surrounding rock and ground, which will not be destroyed or deformed.

Therefore, in the case of blasting that produces a funnel hole, the term refers to the rock and sand that was in the funnel hole before the blasting and the funnel hole was formed. In addition, air refers to the acoustic transmission medium through which the explosion sound is transmitted by the explosion phenomenon and affects the surrounding environment, and air that exists intentionally or unavoidably inside the explosion phenomenon. is not included.

Needless to say, since water is a fluid, the explosion phenomenon will occur in a depression in the topography, and there are no auxiliary measures other than filling the depression with water and covering the area where the explosion will occur in advance. It is difficult to cover the area where the explosion occurred with water without using
By placing it in a container and placing it on the surface of the area where the explosive phenomenon occurs, it is possible in all cases to interpose water between the explosive phenomenon and the air.

In addition, setting the area that can be covered by the water placed between the explosion phenomenon and the air and the amount of water covered are also important issues, which means that the area where the explosion phenomenon occurs can be accurately determined. This is because by covering the explosion phenomenon with water of sufficient spread and thickness, it is possible to establish a construction method that is effective and does not require unnecessary materials or labor.

The most important point is to anticipate the area where the explosion will come in contact with the air, and to cover that area with as much water as possible.

(4) For example, in the case of blasting at a face, at the boundary between the explosion phenomenon and the air, the air is pushed away by the movement of sand and rocks, and the explosive gas flows into the air at high speed from between the crushed sand and rocks. This is because the explosion noise is propagated into the air by the ejection, and the effects of the present invention can be achieved by covering the area where these phenomena occur with water. Covering the explosive phenomenon.

If the thickness of water is too small, the effect will be insufficient, and if it is too thick, the effect will be greater, but if it is too thick,
This requires too much water, container costs, and man-hours, making it impractical. However, there are no standards that can be commonly applied to all types of explosive phenomena, and they must be established empirically.

In general, no matter how small the explosive phenomenon, 1 c
Water with a thickness of less than 1.2 m is ineffective in suppressing blasting pollution;
It is difficult and impractical to provide a layer thicker than 5 meters, no matter how large the explosion event.

As mentioned above, when carrying out the present invention, some kind of container is usually required to cover the explosive phenomenon with water, but the nine cases that can be provided are as follows.b. However, if you impact a container containing water, the container will break, but faster than the water flowing down due to gravity.
Explosive phenomena affect water more, so the container only needs to be strong enough to hold the water in place until the explosive phenomenon occurs; on the other hand, if the container is too strong, it will have the effect of covering the explosive phenomenon with water. This is undesirable as there is a concern that the performance will be insufficient. Furthermore, if the container is broken into pieces, the larger the weight of each piece, the greater the flying distance, which may cause damage if it collides with people's storage, buildings, etc. Furthermore, it needs to be watertight so that it can store water for a certain amount of time.

Considering these conditions, metal, wood, paper, etc. are not suitable, and thin film or boxes made of polymeric materials are considered to be optimal.

In the case of film, due to its flexibility, the bag ruptures due to the impact of the explosion, and the water covers the explosion phenomenon as if it were freely placed in the air, producing the desired effect. In addition, the torn polymer film is likely to be blown away by explosive gas, sand, or rocks, but because it is lightweight and has a large tare, it will not be blown away due to air resistance, and even if it is blown away, it will be light, slow, and flexible. , no harm will occur. Furthermore, depending on the case, the ball may be engulfed with dirt and rocks, increasing its air resistance, reducing flight distance, and reducing the risk of injury. In addition, the state in which water covers the explosion phenomenon according to the present invention also reduces the flying distance and the flying distance because the fluid resistance of water is greater than that of air when sand and rocks pass through water. It has the effect of reducing harm when colliding with an object. If the water container is a polymeric substance, the box will be shattered by the explosion impact, but regardless of its size, the flying distance will be much smaller than the flying distance of sand or rocks, and the effect of the water will be similar to that of a film. This is the same as for manufactured containers.

In addition, the polymeric substances in the present invention include polyethylene,
Films or molded products of synthetic resins such as polypropylene, polyester, polystyrene, urea, polyvinyl chloride, nylon, melamine, acrylic, phenol, polyurethane, vinyl acetate, epoxy, silicone, fluororesin, and acetate, or fabrics made of these fibers. Refers to waterproofed pongee, natural rubber, synthetic rubber, etc.

As mentioned above, there are many possible methods for estimating the extent of the explosion phenomenon in the present invention. A detailed description of the 80th invention is also readily available in other blasting publications.

Next, the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 and FIG. 8 are drawings showing an example of the present invention in light blasting, and (a) of each drawing shows a plan view, and (
b) shows a cross-sectional view.

In each of the drawings, an additional die 8 and a parent die 4 are loaded into a charging hole 2 drilled in a rock 1 in the same manner as in the conventional method, and are Tfit-closed with an insert 5.

In the example shown in FIG. 2, water 8 is contained in a polymeric bag 7 on the free surface 15 of the blaster and is placed within a range that allows for the blasting phenomenon. 6 is an explosion-proof mat, but it is not necessary.
The surrounding area is filled with earth and sand, a polymer sheet 9 is placed over it, water 8 is filled on top of it to form a pool shape, and an explosion-proof Matsutoro is placed on top of it. This explosion-proof Matsutro is not necessary as in Fig. 2.

Furthermore, FIGS. 5 and 6 are drawings showing an example of the present invention in road blasting, and (a) of each drawing is an elevational view, respectively.
b) shows a cross-sectional view.

In each of the drawings, an additional die 8 and a parent die 4 are loaded into a charging hole 2 drilled in a rock l in the same manner as in the conventional method and filled with a filler 5.

In the example shown in FIG. 5, polymer bags 7 filled with water 8 and sealed are stacked so as to cover the entire surface of the blasting face 18.

In the example shown in FIG. 6, a polymer bag 11 capable of covering the entire surface of the blasting face 18 is held in a simple wooden frame 14, and water 8 is poured into the bag from an injection port to fill the bag 11.

Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples.0 Example 1 The light blasting shown in FIG. 2 was carried out by the method shown below. That is, a charging hole 2 with six holes, a hole interval of 2.0 m, and a drilling length of 2.8 m is drilled in a bedrock 1 made of tuff, and then, in the charging hole 2, [Akatsuki Tynamite] (diameter 5
6 mm, Ji7509) was charged so that the amount of charge per hole was 2.25 to 9, an instantaneous detonator was installed as an electric detonator, and it was filled with a filler 5 made of clay. Next, a commercially available polyethylene bag (1 m x 1 m x 0.6 m, bag thickness 80 μm) was filled with water 8, and the bag was made into a 9 m x 9 m area that was large enough to sufficiently cover the blasting phenomenon estimated from the actual results of one blast. ), and for the purpose of comparison with the conventional method, the top was covered with an explosion-proof polyvinyl chloride sheet.

Next, in order to measure the explosion sound, a precision sound level meter manufactured by Rion Co., Ltd. (
NA-09 type) was installed. After that, blasting was carried out, and the blasting sound was analyzed based on the sound level meter records, and the amount of flying debris was determined based on that level.

As a result, the explosion sound at a distance of 50 meters from the explosion center was 81
(iB) and 70 dB at a distance of 100 m. Also, no flying stones or other flying objects were observed.

Example 2 The light blasting shown in FIG. 8 was carried out in accordance with Example 1 in the following manner.

That is, the blasting specifications were the same as in Example 1, and the method of covering with water was as follows.

Make a mound of earth and sand on the outside of a 10m x 10m area, then in step A, spread a 100μm thick vinyl chloride sheet in the shape of a pool, fill it with water to a depth of 15-20cm, and then pour a similar sheet of vinyl chloride on top. covered with a sheet.

As a result of the blast, the blasting sound at a distance of 50m from the explosion center was 7.
7 (iB) and Loom (7) was 66 dB.Furthermore, flying stones and other flying objects were not observed at all.

Comparative Example 1 Except that water was not interposed between the blasting phenomenon and the air,
Bright blasting was performed according to Example 1.

As a result of the blast, the blasting sound at a distance of 50m from the explosion center was 8.
5 (iB), and the value at 100m was 75 dB.Furthermore, 5 to 6 flying stones broke the explosion-proof mat, causing 15 to 8 dB.
It was scattered within a range of 0m.

Example 8 The road blasting shown in FIG. 5 was carried out by the method shown below.

That is, in a blasting face 18 of a bedrock 1 made of granite with a cross-sectional area of s, o m'', charging holes 2 with the number of stages and holes shown in Table 1 are drilled so that the hole length is 1.2 m, and then the "No. 2 Enoki dynamite" (diameter 25 mm, dose 1
009) with the charge cap shown in Table 1, and then
Insertion 5 made of clay and equipped with S electric detonators (s 1 to 6)
It was filled with.

Table 1 Next, a commercially available polyethylene bag (1m x 1m x 0.6
m, bag thickness 80 μm) was filled with water 8 and blasting face 18
stacked to cover the entire surface.

Next, in order to measure the blasting sound, we measured distances of 50 m from the mine entrance (280 m from the blasting face) and 100 m (aa from the blasting face).
om) Sound level meters were installed at separate points on the extension of the tunnel axis.

After that, blasting was carried out, and the blasting sound was heard in the same manner as in Example 1, and flying objects were observed.

As a result, the blasting sound at a point 50m from the mine entrance was 89dB.
There was a T, and it was 88 dB at 100 m.

The maximum scattering distance of stones was 85 m from the mine entrance.

EXAMPLE The road blasting shown in FIG. 6 was carried out in accordance with Example 8 by the method shown below.

That is, the blasting specifications were the same as in Example 8, and the method of covering with water was as follows.

A vinyl chloride bag with a thickness of 250 pm that can cover the entire surface of the blasting face 18 is held in a simple wooden frame 14, water 8 is injected from the water inlet 12, and the average thickness of the water 8 from the blasting face 18 is determined. After the water was adjusted to 13 cm, the water inlet 12 was closed.

As a result of the blasting, the blasting sound at a point 50m from the mine entrance was 88.
dB, and it was 8111B at 100m.

The maximum scattering distance of stones was 88 m from the mine entrance.

Comparative Example 2 Blasting was carried out in the same manner as in Example 8, except that water was not interposed between the blasting phenomenon and the air (see Figure 4).

As a result of the blasting, the blasting sound at a point 50m from the mine entrance was 95.
dB, and it was 90 dB at a distance of 100 m.

The maximum scattering distance of stones was 580 m from the mine entrance.

As is clear from the above examples, the method of the present invention can reduce the blasting sound compared to the conventional method (comparative example) and suppress the scattering of flying objects, so the present invention is effective. This is a method of controlling blasting pollution.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 shows the conventional blasting method in light blasting.
Fig. 1(a) is a plan view thereof, Fig. 1(b) is a sectional view thereof, and Fig. 2 shows an example of light blasting using the method according to the present invention. Figure 2(b) shows its cross-sectional view. FIG. 8 also shows another example of the method according to the present invention in light blasting, with FIG. 8(a) showing its plan view and FIG. 8(b) showing its sectional view. Figure 4 shows the conventional blasting method for blasting.
FIG. 4(a) is an elevational view thereof, and FIG. 4(b) is a sectional view thereof. FIG. 5 shows an example of road blasting using the method according to the present invention, and FIG. 5(a) shows an elevational view thereof, and FIG. 5(b) shows a sectional view thereof. FIG. 6 also shows another example of the method according to the present invention for tunnel blasting, with FIG. 6(a) showing an elevation view thereof and FIG. 6(b) showing a sectional view thereof. 1...Bedrock 2...Charging hole 8...Additional die 4...Main die (with electric detonator) 5
...Includes 6...Protective pine door...Polymer bag 8...Water 998. Polymer sheet 10... Earth and sand 11... Polymer bag 12... Water inlet 18... Blasting face 1
4...Crate 15...Free surface. Figure 1 (a) (b) Figure 2 (a) (b) (a) (b) Figure 4 (a) (b) Figure 5 (a) (b) Figure 2 (a) (b) )

Claims (1)

[Claims] L: When performing blasting on the ground with water interposed between the blasting phenomenon and the air, at least the entire area where a funnel hole can be formed on the free surface of the blasting material and/or the entire area where explosive gas is spewed out. A method for suppressing blasting pollution, which is characterized by covering with water. The method for suppressing blasting pollution according to claim 1, wherein the λ water is water contained in a container made of a polymeric substance. & The method for suppressing blasting pollution according to claim 2, wherein the depth of the water layer is 0.01 to 5 m.