JPS6015558Y2 - plasma separator - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention performs biochemical tests on blood during extracorporeal circulation.
This invention relates to a plasma separator that separates and collects only plasma in order to understand a patient's general condition.

Recently, various artificial organs have come into widespread use, and patient monitoring during extracorporeal circulation has mainly relied on physiological tests. blood biochemical values also need to be monitored.

The first method conventionally considered for this purpose is to directly extract the blood itself from the extracorporeal circulation circuit, centrifuge it, and analyze the plasma obtained.

However, with this method, blood is lost from the patient each time an analysis is required, and it takes time to obtain the analysis results, making it impossible to respond quickly.

Therefore, a second method was considered.

That is, an ultrafiltration membrane is connected to the extracorporeal circulation circuit, and the filtrate that has passed through the cellophane membrane is sent as a sample to an automatic measurement unit, and the results are displayed and monitored.

However, this method requires a relatively large amount of sample since the filtrate is continuously sampled and automatically sent to the measurement unit.

In addition, in order to quickly and accurately collect samples and immediately send them to the measurement unit to improve responsiveness, the surface area of the filtration membrane must be extremely large, or the filtration membrane must be constantly and strongly suctioned with a vacuum pump. No.

In other words, the device becomes complicated and large, and handling becomes troublesome.

That is, the present invention provides a plasma separator that is installed in an extracorporeal circulation circuit and continuously separates plasma, which can be connected in the middle of the extracorporeal circulation circuit and has a space inside that communicates with a blood inlet and a blood outlet. a blood flow side portion that is stretched in the space of the container body and communicates the space with the blood inlet and blood outlet; and a plasma collection side portion that does not communicate with the blood flow side portion. a porous membrane that allows blood cell components in the blood to pass through but not plasma components, a collection port that communicates with the bottom of the plasma collection side, and a collection port that opens and closes and opens when collecting plasma. This plasma separator is equipped with a valve that is connected to the sampling port and a piercing needle that pierces the sealing stopper of a sample sampling tube whose interior is evacuated to communicate with the sample sampling tube.

In addition, the present invention is a plasma separator in which the vessel body has a flat shape that is wide in the horizontal direction, and a porous membrane is arranged horizontally in the space inside the vessel body, and the bottom surface of the vessel body is oriented horizontally. A plasma separator characterized by being tilted and having a collection port on the side of the lower end, and a plasma separator characterized by forming a groove for collecting plasma on the bottom surface of the inside of the vessel, and further comprising: , is a plasma separator in which the above-mentioned vessel body is arranged vertically and a large number of porous membranes are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction.

The present invention was developed in view of the above-mentioned circumstances.The purpose of this invention is to have a small and simple structure, to be easy to handle, and to quickly and accurately dispense the required amount of sample when needed. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a plasma separator that can collect plasma.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes the vessel body of the plasma separator, and this vessel body 1 has a flat shape that is wide in the horizontal direction, and has a flat space 2 corresponding to its outer shape formed inside.

A blood inlet 3 and a blood outlet 4 are provided on the side wall of the vessel 1 so as to be located on opposite sides of each other and face each other, and the blood 5 flowing from the blood inlet 3 is guided through the space 2. The blood flows horizontally toward the outlet 4 and flows out from the blood outlet 4.

The blood inlet port 3 and the blood outlet port 4 are each connected to the middle of an extracorporeal circulation circuit having an artificial organ such as an artificial kidney or an artificial pancreas.

Further, within the space 2 of the vessel body 1, a porous membrane 6 is stretched in parallel along the flow direction of the blood 5 from the blood inlet 3 to the blood outlet 4.

That is, the porous membrane 6 is installed horizontally, partitions the space 2 into upper and lower parts, and divides it into an upper cavity 7 through which blood 5 flows and a lower cavity 8.

When the lower cavity 8 is under negative pressure, the porous membrane 6 allows only plasma components to pass through without clogging with blood cell components such as platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. is set to .

For example, the diameter of the pores of the porous membrane 6 is set to 100A to 1
It should be around μ.

Further, the periphery of the porous membrane 6 is attached to the inner surface of the container 1 so as to be continuously and tightly attached by heat sealing or a sealing agent 9.

Furthermore, if necessary due to the physical properties and structure of the porous membrane 6, a membrane support 10 is provided to securely attach the porous membrane 6.

Further, the bottom 11 of the lower cavity 8 has its bottom surface 12 inclined with respect to the horizontal plane, so that the plasma 13 dripping through the porous membrane 6 flows toward the lower end side.

Further, at the lower end side, there is a lower part 14 for collecting the plasma 13.
is formed.

Further, a sampling port 15 is provided at the bottom of the vessel 1, communicating with the bottom 14 and protruding downward.

A piercing needle 16 is detachably attached to the tip of the sampling port 15, and a sample sampling tube 1, which will be described later, is inserted through the piercing needle 16.
7 is connected.

The piercing needle 16 has a needle base 18 attached to its base end, and by forming the inner surface of the needle base 18 into a tapered shape, it can be tightly fitted and attached to the outer periphery of the tip of the sampling port 15. ing.

That is, the piercing needle 16 can be connected to the sampling port 15 in an airtight manner.

A valve 19 is provided in the middle of the sampling port 15 to open the passage of the sampling port 15, and is kept closed during normal times when the sample sampling tube 17 is not connected.

Further, a vent hole 20 is provided in the bottom wall of the vessel body 1 and communicates with a high part on the opposite side of the low part 14, and normally a valve 2
Closed by 1.

This allows gas to flow into the lower cavity 8 during sample collection, and allows the plasma 13 accumulated in the lower part 14 to be collected quickly and reliably.

On the other hand, the sample collection tube 17 has a rubber stopper 22 tightly fitted into its mouth, and the inside thereof is maintained at a moderately reduced pressure.

Then, the piercing needle 16 is inserted into the rubber stopper 22 to penetrate it, thereby connecting it to the sampling port 15 in an airtight manner.

Further, the internal pressure of the sample collection tube 17 is approximately -100 mmHg relative to normal atmospheric pressure, although it depends on the amount of sample collected.

Next, a method of using the plasma separator described above will be explained.

First, during normal use when plasma is not collected, the collection port 15 and the vent port 20 are closed by valves 19 and 21, respectively.

Therefore, the pressure in the lower cavity 8 is relatively high, and no pressure relief is applied to the blood 5 flowing in the upper cavity 7.

That is, the blood 5 flows parallel to the surface of the porous membrane 6 and passes through it as it is.

Therefore, during normal use, no depressurization is applied to the blood 5, so that the blood cell components are not damaged.

Further, since the blood 5 flows in parallel along the surface of the porous membrane 6, the blood 5 flows smoothly, and therefore, blood cell components are not damaged.

On the other hand, when collecting plasma 13, it is performed as follows.

In other words, the sample collection tube 1 whose interior is already in a reduced pressure state
Pierce the piercing needle 16 of the sampling port 15 into the rubber stopper 22 of 7.
At the same time, the valve 19 is opened.

As a result, the inside of the sample collection tube 17 is communicated with the cavity 8 on the lower side of the vessel body 1, and the cavity 8 is depressurized by vacuum suction.

Since the blood 5 is depressurized through the porous membrane 6, the blood 13 in the blood 5 separates through the porous membrane 6 toward the lower cavity 8.

The plasma 13 that has entered the lower cavity 8 flows along the bottom surface 12 due to gravity and collects in the lower part 14 and accumulates.
It flows into the sample collection tube 17 via the collection port 15 and the piercing needle 16.

Finally, the valve 21 is opened to open the vent 20 and allow gas to flow into the lower cavity 8.

Due to this inflow pressure, the plasma 13 accumulated in the bottom surface 12 and the lower part 14 of the lower cavity 8 is forced into the sample collection tube.
Lead to 7.

Therefore, all of the remaining plasma 13 that did not enter the sample collection tube 17 can rapidly flow into the sample collection tube 17.

Note that this operation increases the pressure in the lower cavity 8, so that the separation of the plasma 13 is stopped at that point.

After this, if you pull out the piercing needle 16 from the rubber stopper 22 of the sample collection tube 17 and remove the sample collection tube 17, the rubber stopper 22 will be removed.
The piercing portion 2 automatically becomes a sealed state, and the plasma 13 can be taken out in a sealed state.

Then, the valves 19 and 21 of the collection port 16 and the vent port 20 are closed again and returned to their original positions, allowing normal extracorporeal circulation to continue.

According to the configuration of the above embodiment, the circulating blood 5
Since only the plasma 13 is separated and collected without taking out the blood, effective blood cell components in the blood 5 are not lost.

In addition, when the plasma 13 is required, the sample collection tube 17
is connected to the collection port 15 to exert a depressurizing effect on the lower cavity 8, so that when the plasma 13 is not collected, the blood 5 is not depressurized.

In other words, depressurization is applied only when a sample is collected, and the required amount of depressurization is precisely limited by the sample collection tube 17, so damage to the blood cell components of the circulating blood 5 is minimized. It can be done less.

Furthermore, since the porous membrane 6 is arranged parallel to the flow of the blood 5, the flow does not change, so that damage to blood cell components can also be reduced.

In addition, the pressure inside the sample collection tube 17 is reduced in advance,
Since the lower cavity 8 is thereby depressurized, there is no special need for a large and complicated vacuum suction device.

Furthermore, a predetermined amount of plasma 13 can be collected simply by connecting the sample collection tube 17 to the collection port 15, making it easy to handle.

In the above embodiment, the vent 20 is provided to allow gas to flow into the lower cavity 8, so that the separated plasma 13 can be quickly collected into the sample collection tube 17 without waste.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention.

The container body 23 of this embodiment has end plates 25 at both ends of the cylindrical body 24,
26 is attached and formed, and this is arranged vertically.

That is, the container body 23 is arranged vertically.

Furthermore, inside the container body 23, a hollow fiber-like porous membrane 27 made of cellulose, polyacrylonitrile, etc.
... are arranged vertically and in parallel.

The porous membrane 27... has an inner diameter of 300 to 500 μm, for example.
It is formed in the shape of a hollow fiber with a membrane thickness of 30 to 50 μm, and when a pressure difference between the inside and outside is applied, only plasma components can pass through without blood cell components.

For example, the diameter of the pores of the porous membrane 27 is set to 10
It should be about 0A to 1μ.

Further, both upper and lower ends of each porous membrane 27 are tied together with a thin sealant 28 and supported by the container body 23.

That is, the openings at both ends of each porous membrane 27... are connected to the container body 23.
It opens to upper and lower end spaces 29 and 30, respectively, and each end space 29 and 30 is further partitioned from the intermediate part 31 by the thin filler 28.

Thus, the intermediate portion 31 forms a blood side cavity 32 formed from the inside of each porous membrane 27 . . . and a separation side cavity 33 formed from the outside of the porous membrane 27 .

Further, a vent hole 34 having the same function as in the previous embodiment is formed in the upper part of the side wall of the vessel body 23, and this vent hole 34 is provided with an opening/closing valve 35.

Further, a sampling port 37 communicating with the bottom 36 of the separation side cavity 33 is formed in the lower part of the side wall of the vessel body 23, and a piercing needle 38 is attached to the sample sampling tube 17 as in the above embodiment. It is now possible to connect.

Note that this sampling port 37 is provided with an opening/closing valve 39 for opening and closing the sampling port 37 as in the previous embodiment.

Further, a blood inlet 40 is formed at the center of the lower end plate 26 of the vessel body 23, and a blood outlet 41 is formed at the center of the upper end plate 25.

In this embodiment, blood 5 is introduced into the lower end space 30 from the lower blood inlet 40, and each porous membrane 27
. . flows upward through the internal cavity 32, is collected in the upper end space 29, and is led out to the blood outlet 41.

When collecting plasma, the piercing needle 3 of the collection port 37
8 is passed through the rubber stopper 22 of the sample collection tube 17 and connected, and the valve 39 is opened to allow the sample collection tube 17 and separation side cavity 33 to communicate.

As a result, the pressure inside the separation side space 33 is reduced as in the previous embodiment, and the separation side space 33 is reduced through the porous membrane 27...
Plasma can be separated within.

This plasma 13 accumulates at the bottom 36 of the cavity 33 and further flows into the sample collection tube 17 through the collection port 37.

Finally, when the vent 34 is opened, gas flows into the separation-side cavity 33 as in the previous embodiment, and the gas flows into the cavity 33 on the separation side.
By forcing the plasma 13 remaining at the bottom 36 into the sample collection tube 17, the separated plasma 13 can be collected without waste.

As explained above, in this invention, only when the sample collection tube is connected to the collection port of the device body, the pressure inside the space on the separation and collection side is reduced, and depressurization is applied to the blood through the porous membrane, resulting in plasma separation effect. is what works.

This means that depressurization is applied to the blood only when plasma is to be collected, and not normally.

Therefore, there is no damage to the blood cell components during normal circulation.

In other words, since depressurization is applied only when necessary for collection, damage to blood cell components can be minimized.

Furthermore, a depressurized state can be obtained by simply connecting a sample collection tube whose interior has been previously depressurized to the collection port, so a large-sized suction device is not required and an economical configuration can be achieved.

Furthermore, when a sample is needed, it can be collected by connecting a sample collection tube, making it easy to handle.

In the above embodiment, since the vent hole is provided and opened during collection, the separated sample can be collected quickly and without waste.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of another embodiment of the present invention. 1... vessel body, 2... space, 3...
...Blood inlet, 4...Blood outlet, 5...
...Blood, 6...Porous membrane, 7...
Upper empty space, death...Lower empty area, 9...
Sealing agent, 10... Membrane support, 11...
・Bottom, 12... Bottom, 13... Plasma, 14... Lower part, 15... Collection port, 1
6...Piercing needle, 17...Sample collection tube,
18... Needle base, 19... Valve, 20...
...Vent, 21...Valve, 22...
・Rubber stopper, 23... Container body, 24... Cylindrical body, 25.26... End plate, 27...
porous membrane, 28... thin eye sealant, 29,30.
... End space, 31 ... Middle part, 32.
...Blood side cavity, 33...Separation side cavity,
34...Vent, 35...Valve, 36.
...bottom, 37...collection port, 38...
...Piercing needle, 39...Valve, 40...
Blood inlet port, 41...Blood outlet port.

Claims (5)

[Scope of utility model registration request] (1) A plasma separator that is installed in an extracorporeal circulation circuit to continuously separate plasma, which can be connected in the middle of the extracorporeal circulation circuit and has a space inside that communicates with the blood inlet and blood outlet. and partitioning the space into a blood flow side portion that communicates with the blood inlet and blood outlet and a plasma collection side portion that does not communicate with the blood flow side portion; a porous membrane that allows blood cell components in the blood to pass but not plasma components; a collection port that communicates with the bottom of the plasma collection side portion; and a valve that opens and closes the collection port and opens when collecting plasma; A plasma separator comprising a piercing needle that pierces a sealing stopper of a sample collection tube connected to the collection port and whose interior is evacuated to communicate with the inside of the sample collection tube. (2) The plasma separator according to claim 1 of the utility model registration claim, wherein the vessel has a flat shape that is wide in the horizontal direction, and a porous membrane is horizontally arranged in the space inside the vessel. . (3) The bottom surface of the vessel is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane, and
A plasma separator according to claim 2 of the utility model registration claim, characterized in that a collection port is provided at the lower end. (4) The plasma separator according to claim 2 or 3 of the utility model registration claim, characterized in that the vessel body has grooves formed on the inner bottom surface to collect plasma. (5) The plasma separator according to claim 1 of the utility model registration, characterized in that the vessel body is arranged vertically and a large number of porous membranes are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction.