JPS60150857A - Centrifuge for washing - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable easy and secure adjustment of the angle of a centrifuging pipe in the stage of discharging supernatant liquid of washing liquid by securing an operation of an electromagnet of a driving section with a relatively small attractive force. CONSTITUTION:An upper rotary member 72, a holder for a centrifuging pipe 200, a lower rotary body 89 made of a ceramic material and an elastic body 87 are provided to a rotary section 14, and an electromagnet 28 for attracting the member 89 downward against an upward force caused by the elastic body 87 is provided to the driving section 15. In the stage of standing still of the member 72, the above described holder 200 is hanged down with the bottom of the pipe 13 somewhat slanted toward the inside of the radial direction by its own weight and the weight of the centrifuging pipe 13. When the member 89 is in the lower end position, a projection 90 of the member 89 comes to the lower position below the holder 200 and enables oscillation of the holder 200 in the radial direction. When the member 89 is in the top end, the oscillation of the holder 200 toward the outside or inside of the radial direction is inhibited.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention provides a cleaning centrifuge, and more specifically, a washing centrifuge, and more specifically, a cleaning solution for cleaning red blood cells, etc., placed in a centrifugation tube (eg, a glass test tube, a plastic test tube, etc.) using a washing solution such as physiological saline. This invention relates to a centrifuge that automatically washes and discharges the supernatant.

Such centrifuges are used for washing red blood cells in a test tube with physiological saline in a direct or indirect Coombs test, and for washing red blood cells in a test tube in a direct or indirect Coombs test using the test tube method. There is an automatic Coombs test centrifuge that automatically performs a cycle in which Coombs serum (anti-human globulin serum) is added to the sample, mixed, and then centrifuged for sedimentation.

The Coombs test is for detecting atypical antibodies among blood group immune antibodies, and includes the direct Coombs test and the indirect Coombs test. Further, the direct Coombs test and the indirect Coombs test include the test tube method and the glass mounting method, respectively.

The direct Coombs test examines whether atypical antibodies bind to the patient's red blood cells. The red blood cells collected from the patient are immediately washed thoroughly, Coombs serum is added to them, and the test is performed to check for the presence or absence of red blood cell agglutination. judge. Next, an example of the operating procedure of the direct Coombs test using the test tube method will be shown.

A. Prepare a 2% suspension of the test red blood cells in physiological saline and place one drop of this solution in a small test tube.

B. Fill this test tube with physiological saline, centrifuge (centrifuge) and discard the supernatant.

C0 Repeat the above washing two more times, and after the third washing,
Discard the supernatant as completely as possible.

D. Add 1 drop of Coombs serum to this test tube, mix well, and centrifuge at 500-1000 rllllll for 1 minute.

E. Gently shake the test tube and visually observe the presence or absence of agglutination. If agglutination is observed, it is considered positive, and if no agglutination is observed, it is considered negative.

The indirect Coombs test is used to check whether atypical antibodies have occurred in the patient's serum, and involves reacting the patient's serum with red blood cells with known antigenic factors in a test tube.
It is determined whether the red blood cells and the atypical antibody have bound to each other in the same manner as in the direct Coombs test. Next, an example of an operating procedure for an indirect Coombs test using the test tube method will be shown.

a. Prepare a 2% saline suspension of red blood cells to be used for the test, and put one drop of this solution into a small test tube.

b. Add one drop of the test serum to this test tube and mix well.

C0 This test tube is heated in an oil bath at 37°C for 60 minutes.

d. Fill this test tube with physiological saline, centrifuge vigorously, and discard the supernatant.

e. Repeat the above wash two more times, and after the third wash, discard the supernatant as completely as possible.

f. Add 1 drop of Coombs serum to the test tube, mix well, and centrifuge at 500-1000 rpm for 1 minute.

0. Gently shake the test tube and visually observe the presence or absence of agglutination. If agglutination is observed, it is considered positive, and if no agglutination is observed, it is considered negative.

In addition, in the case of the rolling glass method of the direct Coombs test and the indirect Coombs test, it is necessary to wash the red blood cells placed in the test tube with physiological saline.

Washing of red blood cells and addition of Coombs serum as above,
As a centrifuge that automatically performs mixing and centrifugal sedimentation, the one shown in FIG. 1 is known.

This centrifuge consists of a housing (1) with an open top and a housing (1) with an open top.
) and a container (2) with an open top;
), a rotating part (4) that is placed in the container (2) and rotates while holding a plurality of small test tubes (3) in a desired posture; a drive unit (path shown) that rotates the test tube about a vertical axis; and an injection unit (5) that injects saline or Coombs serum into a moving test tube (3) held by the rotating unit (4). ). The rotating part (4) includes a rotating member (6) and a plurality of test tubes (3).
) into which the test tube holders (7) are inserted and whose lower parts swing in the radial direction and whose upper parts are attached to the outer periphery of the rotating member (6) are provided.

Although not shown, the drive unit includes an electromagnet disposed inside the lower part of the holder (7) below the rotating member (6) in order to attract the lower part of the test tube holder (7) inward in the radial direction. . The injection nozzle (8) for physiological saline and Coombs serum in the injection part (5) is fixed to the periphery of the opening of the container (2), and a Coombs serum bottle (9) is directly attached thereto.

When performing a direct Coombs test using the test tube method using the above-mentioned centrifuge, for example, place the test tube (3) containing one drop of a 2% physiological saline suspension of the red blood cells to be tested in the holder ( 7) and insert this holder (7) into the rotating member (
6), by pressing the start button (path shown), washing of red blood cells, addition of Coombs serum, mixing, and centrifugal precipitation are automatically performed as follows. That is, when the start button is pressed, first, the electromagnet in the drive section is energized and de-energized several times in order to shake the test tube (3).

When the electromagnet is in a non-energized state, the holder (7) hangs down due to its own weight, and the test tube (3) is in a substantially upright state. When the electromagnet is excited, the lower part of the holder (7) is attracted by it and swings radially inward from its hanging state.
When the electromagnet becomes de-energized in this state, the holder (7)
The lower part of the body swings radially outward from the drooping state due to its own weight, and then attempts to return to the drooping state. Therefore, by repeating the excitation and de-excitation of the electromagnet at appropriate intervals, the test tube (3) is shaken in the radial direction. Next, with the electromagnet de-energized, the rotating member (6) intermittently rotates the test tube (3) inserted into the holder (7) by one pitch,
Physiological saline is sequentially injected into the test tube (3) moving below the nozzle (8) of the injection part (5). All test tubes (
3), the rotating member (6) is rotated at high speed (for example, 25
0 rpm) for a certain period of time. At this time, the electromagnet is in a non-excited state, and the lower part of the holder (7) swings outward in the radial direction due to centrifugal force. Therefore, the test tube (3) rotates in an inclined state with its mouth facing inward in the radial direction.
Red blood cells, which have a higher specific gravity than saline, settle to the bottom of the test tube (3) due to centrifugal force. iru. Next, in order to discharge the supernatant of the physiological saline in the test tube (3), the rotating member (6) is rotated at a low speed (for example, 230 to 2
70rl)l) for a certain period of time. At this time, the lower part of the holder (7) is the electric 1i? 5, so it does not swing outward in the radial direction due to centrifugal force. Therefore, the test tube (3) rotates with its mouth facing almost directly upward or slightly outward in the radial direction, and the physiological saline with a low specific gravity is transferred from the mouth of the test tube (3) to the container (2) by centrifugal force. discharged inside. This completes one red blood cell washing cycle consisting of shaking the test tube (3), injecting physiological saline, centrifuging sedimentation, and draining the supernatant of physiological saline, and then repeats the same washing cycle two more times. It will be done. Next, repeat the excitation and de-excitation of the electromagnet in the drive part several times to test the test tube (3
), then with the electromagnet de-energized,
The test tube (3) with the rotating member (6) inserted into the holder (7)
) Coombs serum is sequentially injected into the test tube (3) which rotates intermittently by one pitch and moves below the nozzle (8) of the injection part (5). After Coombs serum has been injected into all test tubes (3), shake the test tubes (3) again, and then move the rotating member (6) with the electromagnet de-energized in order to centrifugally precipitate the red blood cells. is medium speed (for example, 130
0rpm> for a certain period of time. Finally, the holder (7)
from the rotating member (6) and take out the test tube (3),
Gently shake the test tube (3) by hand and visually determine the presence or absence of agglutination.

In the above centrifuge, the electromagnet in the drive unit is attached to the test tube holder (7
) in the radial direction against centrifugal force, it not only requires a large suction force;
When draining the supernatant of saline, it is difficult to adjust the angle of the holder (7), that is, the test tube (3), and the remaining amount of saline may vary depending on the device. Depending on the size of the centrifugal force, the electromagnet may be attached to the holder (7
) may not be reliably suctioned, leading to an operation error.

An object of the present invention is to provide a washing centrifuge in which the electromagnet of the driving part operates reliably with a relatively small suction force, and the angle of the centrifuge tube when discharging the supernatant of the washing liquid is easy and reliable. It is in.

A cleaning centrifuge according to the present invention includes a housing with an open top, a container fixed in the housing with an open top, a lid that closes the top of the container, and a plurality of centrifuge tubes placed inside the container in a desired posture. In a cleaning centrifuge, the washing centrifuge includes a rotating part that rotates while being held at a position, and a drive part that rotates the rotating part about a substantially vertical axis, the rotating part being an upper rotating member that rotates about a substantially vertical axis. and a plurality of centrifuge tube holders whose upper parts are rotatably attached to the upper rotating member so as to be able to swing in the radial direction;
It is arranged below the centrifuge tube holder so that it rotates integrally with the upper rotating member and can move a required distance in the vertical direction relative to the upper rotating member, and has an upward protrusion that restricts the radial rocking of the centrifuge tube holder. a lower rotating member made of magnetic material;
and an elastic body that constantly urges the lower rotating member upward,
The drive unit includes an electromagnet placed below the lower rotating member to attract the lower rotating member downward against the upward force of the elastic body, and the centrifuge tube holder absorbs its own weight when the upper rotating member is stopped. Due to the weight of the centrifuge tube held by this, the bottom of the centrifuge tube hangs slightly inward in the radial direction, and when the lower rotating member is at the lower end position, the protrusion is located below the centrifuge tube holder. This allows the centrifuge tube holder to swing in the radial direction, and when the lower rotating member is at the upper end position, the bottom of the centrifuge tube holder is tilted slightly radially inward, or the centrifuge tube The centrifuge tube holder swings radially outward by contacting the radially inner side of the bottom of the centrifuge tube holder in an almost upright state.

or deflection inward in the radial direction.

When the upper rotating member rotates, the bottom of the centrifuge tube holder tends to swing radially outward due to centrifugal force, and when the upper rotating member stops, the bottom of the centrifuge tube holder tends to swing radially inward due to gravity.

When the upper rotating member stops with the electromagnet being energized and the lower rotating member being attracted to the lower end position, the centrifuge tube holder will always cause the bottom part of the centrifuge tube to radiate due to its own weight and the weight of the centrifuge tube held by the centrifuge tube holder. It hangs slightly inward and stops. When the electromagnet is de-energized from this state, the lower rotary member moves to the upper end position, and its protrusion is positioned radially outward of the bottom of the centrifuge tube holder. At this time, the protrusion may contact the bottom of the centrifuge tube holder, or
There may be a slight gap between the protrusion and the bottom of the centrifuge tube holder. Even if the upper rotating member rotates in this state, the protrusion of the lower rotating member at the upper end position contacts the radially outer side of the bottom of the centrifuge tube holder, so the bottom of the centrifuge tube holder swings further radially outward. However, if the upper rotating member is rotated and the lower rotating member is sucked to the lower end position, or the lower rotating member is sucked to the lower end position and the upper rotating member is rotated, the bottom of the centrifuge tube holder will It swings radially outward due to centrifugal force. Then, when the centrifuge tube is almost upright or the bottom of the centrifuge tube has swung slightly outward in the radial direction, when the lower rotating member is moved to the upper end position, the protrusion will move in the radial direction of the bottom of the centrifuge tube holder. When the centrifuge tube holder is located inside and the upper rotating member is subsequently stopped, the radially inner side of the bottom of the centrifuge tube holder comes into contact with the protrusion of the lower rotating member, and the centrifuge tube holder is stopped.
The centrifuge tube is held in a nearly upright position. When performing centrifugal sedimentation of red blood cells, etc. in a centrifuge tube, move the lower rotating member to the upper end position as described above, and rotate the upper rotating member with its protrusion in contact with the radially inner side of the bottom of the centrifuge tube holder. let In this way, the bottom of the centrifuge tube holder swings outward in the radial direction due to centrifugal force, and the centrifuge tube rotates in an inclined state with its mouth facing inward in the radial direction. When draining the supernatant of a washing solution such as physiological saline in the centrifuge tube, first stop the upper rotating member with the lower rotating member sucked to the lower end position as described above, and then move the lower rotating member to the upper end position. Then, the projection is positioned on the radially outer side of the bottom of the centrifuge tube holder, and in this state, the upper rotating member is rotated. In this way, as described above, the protrusion of the lower rotating member at the upper end position contacts the radially outer side of the bottom of the centrifuge tube holder, and the bottom of the centrifuge tube holder is prevented from swinging radially outward due to centrifugal force. When blocked, the centrifuge tube rotates at an angle with its mouth facing slightly radially outward. When shaking the centrifuge tube, the lower rotating member is moved to the upper end position as described above and its protrusion is in contact with the radially inner side of the bottom of the centrifuge tube holder.
The electromagnet is repeatedly excited and de-energized at a cycle of approximately Hz, causing the lower rotating member to minutely vibrate up and down near the upper end position. In this way, the vibration of the lower rotating member is transmitted to the centrifuge tube holder that is in contact with the protrusion, and thereby,
The bottom of the centrifuge tube is shaken radially.

According to this invention, the electromagnet of the driving part attracts the lower rotating member of the rotating part downward, which is almost perpendicular to the centrifugal force, and the rotation causes almost no force in the opposite direction to the attractive force to act. Operates reliably with relatively small suction force,
There is no possibility of operation errors caused by centrifugal force. Further, since the centrifugal sedimentation and supernatant discharge of the washing liquid can be performed while the electromagnet is de-energized and the lower rotating member is moved to the upper end position as described above, the operation becomes more reliable from this point of view as well. In addition, in the case of draining the supernatant of the washing liquid, the lower rotating member can be reliably positioned at the upper end position by canceling the excitation of the electromagnet as described above, and the bottom of the centrifuge tube holder The angle of the centrifuge tube is kept constant during rotation because it is prevented from swinging outward in the radial direction due to centrifugal force. Therefore, there is no fear that the remaining amount of cleaning liquid will vary depending on the device.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 21. In addition, in the following explanation, the left side of Fig. 2 is referred to as front,
The right side is the rear, the lower side of Figure 3 is the left, and the upper side is the right.

Figure 2 shows the entire automatic Coombs test centrifuge.
This centrifuge consists of a casing (10) with an opening at the top and a casing (
10) A container (11) that is fixed inside and has an open top, a lid (12) that closes the upper part of the container (11), and a plurality of small test tubes (centrifuge tubes) (13) arranged inside the container (11). ), which rotates while holding it in a desired posture;
4) around a substantially vertical axis (15)
and the test tube (
13) and an injection part (16) for injecting physiological saline or Coombs serum.

A printed wiring board support member (17) is fixed vertically to the rear inside the casing (10), and although not shown, the printed wiring board containing the microcomputer and other parts that control the entire centrifuge is attached to this support member. Several phrases are mentioned in (17). Further, a horizontal board (20) is placed on a board support member (18) fixed to the lower part of this support U (17) and a board support stand (19) fixed to the front bottom of the casing (10). It is attached via anti-vibration rubber (21) (22).

The container (11) has a circular horizontal cross section, and the outer periphery of its bottom is fixed to the upper surface of the substrate (20). Container (11
) has a flange (2
3) is integrally formed, and although not shown, a physiological saline outlet is provided on the outer periphery of the bottom of the container (11),
A hose connected to this is led out of the housing (10). The bottom of the container (11) is inclined upward from the outer periphery toward the inside, and the drive part (15) is arranged so as to penetrate through the center of the bottom of the container (11).

The drive unit (15) is configured as follows (see FIGS. 2 and 5 to 7).

That is, a circular hole (24) is made in the substrate (20),
An annular electromagnet case support stand (25) is fixed to the upper surface of the peripheral edge of this hole (24). A short cylindrical inner electromagnet case (2G) is fixed to the inner upper surface of this stand (25), and an outer electromagnet case (2G) concentric with this is fixed to the outer upper surface of the table (25).
1) is fixed. And these cases (26
) An annular electromagnet (28) is sandwiched between (27). The electromagnet (28) consists of a bobbin (29) and a coil (30) wound around the bobbin. A flange (3) horizontally extending inward at the upper end of the inner electromagnet case (26)
1) is integrally formed, and the lower end of a hub (34) is fixed to the upper surface of this flange (31) via a sealing vinyl sheet (32) and an annular hub fixing base (33). (32) covers the upper surface of the electromagnet (28) and both electromagnet cases (26, 27) and the upper part of the outer surface of the outer electromagnet case (21), and the upper part of the outer electromagnet case (27) covers this sheet ( 32) and is tightly fitted in the center of the bottom of the container (11).

The upper end surface of a main motor (35) vertically arranged so as to pass through the circular hole (24) of the substrate (20) is fixed to the lower surface of the hub (34), and the motor shaft (36) is attached to the hub (34). It penetrates the center of the hub (34) and protrudes to one side.
4) Bearing (
38). Main motor (35)
The motor shaft (3G) also protrudes downward, and a short cylindrical friction wheel (39) is fixed to its lower end. The lower part of this friction wheel (39) projects slightly outward, and a friction transmission surface (40) is formed on the outer peripheral surface of this part.

In addition, the upper edge of the friction wheel (39) has 24 notches (4
1) are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the notches (41) of the friction wheel (39) are provided on the lower surface of the horizontal plate (42) fixed to the lower end surface of the main motor (35). A rotation speed detector (43) consisting of a transmission type photoelectric detector is installed so as to sandwich the portion from both the inside and outside.

The upper ends of a pair of left and right supports (44) are fixed to the lower surface of the board (20) immediately in front of the main motor (35), and a horizontal index motor support plate extends between the lower ends of these supports (44). (
45) is me.

The lower end surface of a vertically arranged indexing motor (46) is fixed to the upper surface of the central part of the support plate (45).
A friction wheel (48) is fixed to the lower end of a motor shaft (47) that penetrates through the motor shaft (47) and protrudes downward.

At the left end of the rear edge of the indexing motor support plate (45) and at a slightly right side thereof, projections (4) (50) projecting horizontally rearward are integrally formed, and the right projection (50) As described below, a prismatic moving member (51) extending left and right is attached so as to be able to move left and right by a certain amount. That is, on the left side of the movable member (51), there is a slit (52) that is long in the left and right and passes through the movable member (51) vertically, and a slit (52) that is slightly longer in the left and right than this and passes through the movable member (51).
The slits (53) passing through the slits (51) in the front and rear directions are provided so as to intersect with each other. Front and rear slits (53)
The horizontal length of is longer than the horizontal width of the protrusion (50), and the protrusion (50>) is fitted into this slit (53) so as to be movable from side to side. The knock bottle (54) is fixed, and this pin (
54) are fitted into the upper and lower slits (52) so as to be able to move left and right. Then, the moving member (51) can move left and right with respect to the support plate (45) by a certain amount determined by these dimensions.

An intermediate friction wheel (55) is provided on the lower surface of the right end of the moving member (51).
) is rotatably bolted by a bolt (56) via a spacer (57) and a bearing (58). A solenoid (59) is fixed to the right end of the index motor support plate (45), and there is a space between the shaft (60) of the solenoid (59) and the right end of the moving member (51) and the moving member (51).
Tension coil springs (61) and (62) are provided between the left end and the left end protrusion (49), respectively. Then, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, the solenoid (59)
When in operation, the moving member (51) is pulled to the right and the intermediate friction wheel (55) engages both the friction wheel (39) of the main motor (35) and the friction wheel (48) of the index motor (46). When the solenoid (!i9) is in the inactive state, the movable member (51) is pulled toward the side and the intermediate friction wheel (55) is pressed against the friction wheel (39) of the main motor (35).
move away from

The rotating part (14) is configured to be removably attached to the upper part of the motor shaft (36) of the main motor (35) of the drive part (5) as follows (Figs. 2 and 3). (See Figures 7 to 13).

That is, a tapered part is formed on the upper part of this motor shaft (36), and a knock bottle (63) that penetrates the tapered part in the horizontal direction and projects slightly on both sides is fixed to this part. The center part of the member support (64) is fitted from above. The tapered part of the motor shaft (36) fits tightly into the tapered part of the upper and lower through holes (65) of the support (64), and the upper end surface of the motor shaft (36) reaches slightly below the upper end surface of the support (64). ing. And the motor shaft (
The motor shaft (36) and the support (64) are fixed by a fixing screw (6G) screwed into the upper end surface of the support (64) and pressed against the lower end of the support (64).

Note that an O-ring (67) is provided between the upper end surface of the support body (64) and the fixing screw (66).

In addition, there are narrow grooves (68) on both sides of the lower part of the hole (65) of the support body (64>) into which both ends of the bottle (63) fit when the support body (64) is fitted onto the motor shaft (36) from above. is formed, and this bottle (63) connects the motor shaft (3
6) is transmitted to the support (64).

A flange (69) extending horizontally outward is integrally formed at the middle of the height of the outer surface of the support (64), and an annular groove (70) with a rectangular cross section is formed on the lower surface of this flange (69).
) is formed. The inner wall of the annular groove (70) is a cylindrical surface extending upward from the lower outer surface of the support (64), and the outer wall of the annular groove (70) is a cylindrical surface extending upward from the lower outer surface of the support (64).
It has a cylindrical surface with an inner diameter approximately equal to the outer diameter of the upper part. The support body (64) also has an annular groove (7
Two knock bottles (71) protruding vertically downward inside
) is fixed.

The peripheral edge of the hole drilled in the center of the horizontal disc-shaped upper rotating member (72) is fitted into the upper part of the rotating member support (64), and the reinforcing ring (73) and the support ( 64) and the flange (69). The following 24 test tube (centrifuge tube) holders (200) are installed on one circumference near the outer circumference of this rotating member (72) so as to be able to swing in the radial direction. There is.

The holder (200) has a cylindrical shape with an upward test tube (centrifuge tube) insertion hole (201), as shown in FIGS. 10 to 13 in detail. A narrow vertical groove (202) is provided at the upper end of the inner wall. A protrusion (203) is formed at the upper part of the holder (200) and has a width equal to the outer diameter of the holder (200) and protrudes roughly outward from the upper part of the vertical groove (202).
A horizontal groove (204) extending in the radial direction and connecting at right angles to the upper end of the vertical groove (202) is provided on the upper surface of the groove (203),
A short vertical hole (205) is provided at the bottom of this horizontal groove (204). Further, on both sides of the protrusion (203), a tapered short shaft portion (206) located on one horizontal straight line is provided.
), and a narrow opening (207) for draining liquid is provided in the wall opposite the vertical groove (202) at the bottom of the holder (200). In addition, the holder (200
) is integrally formed of, for example, polycarbonate resin. A narrow vertically elongated elastic stopper (208) is provided in the vertical groove (202) and horizontal groove (204) of the holder (200). The upper end of the stopper (208) is bent at a right angle and fitted into the horizontal groove (204), and a bifurcated protrusion (
209) is fitted into the vertical hole (205). Further, the upper part of the stopper (200) is fitted into the vertical groove (202), and the slightly curved lower part of the stopper (208) projects from the vertical groove (202) into the test tube insertion hole (201). Note that the stopper (208) is integrally formed of an elastic body such as Debarin, for example.

Twenty-four elongated holes (74) elongated in the radial direction are equally spaced on one circumference near the outer periphery of the upper rotating member (72), and the rotating member ( 12) A holder mounting groove (75) with a semicircular bottom section is provided on the top surface. These grooves (75) are located on one circumference slightly inward in the radial direction from the center of the elongated hole (74). Further, the outer circumference of the upper rotating member (72) is approximately 45 mm with respect to the horizontal direction.
It extends slightly outward and downward in an inclined state, and then extends slightly vertically downward, and the radially outer wall of the elongated hole (74) extends along the radially inner surface of this projecting portion (76). It is formed in a shape that extends diagonally upward.

The holder (200) is fitted into the elongated hole (74) of the upper rotating member (72) so that the protrusion (203) is on the inside in the radial direction, and the short shaft portions (206) on both sides of the protrusion (203) are inserted into the elongated hole. (74) Rotatably fitted in grooves (75) on both sides. An annular holder fixing plate (78>) is fixed to the upper surface of the upper rotating member (72).The outer periphery of the holder fixing plate (78) coincides with the radially inner part of the elongated hole (74). The radial protrusion (79) in this part closes the upper part of the groove (75) of the upper rotating member (72), and the short shaft part (20G) of the holder (200) fits into the groove (75). It prevents you from escaping.

A substantially cylindrical elevating member (82) is attached to the annular groove (70) of the rotating member support (64) so as to be able to rise and fall freely, and a substantially cylindrical elevating member guide member (82) is attached to the lower end surface of the support (64).
83) is fixed. The outer diameter of this guide member (83) is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the lower part of the support member (64), and a flange-shaped stopper (84) extending horizontally outward is integrally formed at the lower end of the guide member (83). There is. A flange (85) extending horizontally inward is integrally formed at the upper end of the elevating member (82), and the upper end of the elevating member (82) is attached to a support (
64) is fitted into the annular groove (70) so as to be vertically slidable,
The lower part is fitted on the outside of the guide member (83) so as to be vertically slidable. In addition, two vertical guide holes (8G) are provided on the upper surface of the lifting member (82), and the support member (64)
Two knock bottles (71) are inserted into these holes (86) so as to be vertically slidable. Then, the elevating member (82
) has an annular groove (7
The upper end position in contact with the bottom of the guide member (8) and the lower end surface of the guide member (8
3) can be raised and lowered between the lower end position in contact with the stopper (84), and the knock bottle (71) prevents the rotation of the support body (64) from moving up and down to the raising and lowering member (82), no matter where the raising and lowering member (82) is located. Reportedly. A compression coil spring (elastic body') (87 ) is installed,
The elevating member (82) is normally stopped at the upper end position.

A flange (88) horizontally projecting outward is integrally formed at the lower end of the elevating member (82).
) The peripheral edge of a hole drilled in the center of a lower steel rotating member (89) with a circular horizontal cross section is fixed to the lower surface of the lower rotating member (89). The part near the center of this rotating member (89) protrudes upward, and the part near the outer periphery is connected to the electromagnet (28) of the drive section (15).
and a holder (200) attached to the upper rotating member (72).
) extends horizontally between And the lower rotating member (
An upward protrusion (90) that restricts the radial rocking of the holder (200) is provided on the outer peripheral edge of the holder (89). This protrusion (90) is an annular shape 5 having a substantially inverted V-shaped cross section and is integrally formed with the lower rotating portion U (89) by bending a portion on one circumference upward.

The rotating part (14) assembled as described above is the driving part (
It is fitted onto the motor shaft (3G) of 15) from above and fixed thereto with a fixing screw (66).

Further, by removing the fixing screw (66), the rotating part (14) can be lifted upward and removed from the motor shaft (36). When the rotating part (14) is removed from the motor shaft (36), the lower rotating member (89) is stopped at the upper end position by the force of the spring (87).

When the rotating part (14) is fixed to the motor shaft (36), when the electromagnet (28) of the driving part (15) is in a non-excited state, the lower rotating member (89) is connected to the spring (87) as described above.
) is stopped at the upper end position by the force of the electromagnet (28
) is in an excited state, the lower rotating member (89) is attracted by the electromagnet (28) and moves to the lower end position against the upward force of the spring (87).

The test tube (13) is attached to the holder (200) of the rotating part (14).
The test tube insertion hole (201) is inserted to the bottom, and its upper part protrudes above the upper end of the holder (200). At this time, the lower part of the stopper (208) of the holder (200) comes into pressure contact with the test tube (13) inserted into the hole (201) to prevent rotation about its central axis. As will be described later, when the upper rotating member (72) rotates, the bottom of the holder (200) tends to swing outward in the radial direction due to centrifugal force, and when the upper rotating member (72) stops, the bottom of the holder (200) tends to swing outward due to gravity. Try to swing inward. Then, when the upper rotating member (72) stops with the electromagnet (28) energized and the lower rotating member (89) attracted to the lower end position, the holder (200>) absorbs its own weight and the test tube ( 1
Due to the weight of step 3), the bottom of the test tube (13) always hangs down slightly inward in the radial direction at an angle of about 24° with respect to the vertical, as shown by the chain line in FIG. 9, and then stops.

From this state, remove the excitation of the electromagnet (28),
When the lower rotary member (89) is moved to the upper end position, its protrusion (9o) touches the holder (200) as shown in FIG.
) is located radially outward of the bottom, and at this time, the protrusion (90
) and the bottom of the holder (200).

Even if the upper rotating member (72) rotates in this state,
When the bottom of the holder (200) swings slightly outward in the radial direction and makes an angle of about 22'' with respect to the vertical, the protrusion (90) of the lower rotating member (89) in the upper end position moves the holder (
200) The holder (
200) will not swing outward in the radial direction any more, but the lower rotating member (89) may be sucked to the lower end position while the upper rotating member (12) is rotated, or the lower rotating member (89) may be moved to the lower end position. When the upper rotating member (72) is rotated while being sucked to the lower end position, the bottom of the holder (200) swings outward in the radial direction due to centrifugal force. And test tube (
When the test tube (13) becomes almost upright or the bottom of the test tube (13) swings slightly outward in the radial direction, the lower rotating member (81,)) is moved to the upper end position.
The protrusion (90) is located on the radially inner side of the bottom of the holder (200), and when the upper rotating member (72) is then stopped, the radially inner side of the bottom of the holder (200) is located as shown in FIG. The holder (200) comes into contact with the protrusion (90) of the lower rotating member (89) and stops, thereby holding the test tube (13) in a substantially upright position.

A rectangular parallelepiped-shaped fixed cover (91
) is arranged, and the upper end of this cover (91) is connected to the housing (1
0) is fixed to the upper frontage end. In addition, the cover (9
A circular hole is drilled in the bottom plate (92) of the container (11), and the periphery of this hole is connected to the flange (23) at the open end of the top of the container (11).
) is hermetically fixed to the upper surface via a seal (93).

The injection part (1G) is configured as follows (see FIGS. 2 to 4, 7, and 14 to 18).

In other words, a pair of left and right vertical supports (94) are fixed to the rear central part of the upper surface of the board (20), and a horizontal line is provided between the upper ends and between the middle parts of these supports (94). A feed screw support plate (95) is respectively fixed. Between the upper and lower support plates (95) are three vertical guide rods (96).
are fixed, and a horizontal elevating plate (97) that moves up and down along these is arranged. The upper and lower ends of a vertical feed screw (98) that vertically passes through the center of this elevating plate (97) are attached to bearings (99) on upper and lower support plates (95).
) and is rotatably supported through the lifting plate (97).
A nut (100) fixed through the center of the feed screw (98) is screwed into the lead screw (98). The end face of the feed screw drive motor (101) is fixed to the outer surface of one vertical support member (94), and the tip of the motor shaft (102) extends horizontally inward through the support U (94). The bevel gear (103>) that meshes with the lower end of the
(104) is fixed. And the motor (10
1) is transmitted to the feed screw (98) via the bevel gears (103) (104), thereby causing the elevating plate (9
7) moves up and down along the guide rod (96). Upper support plate (
95) and slightly above the lower support plate (96), a lifting plate upper end position detector (105) consisting of a transmission type photoelectric detector and a lifting plate lower end position detector are installed on the inner surface of one of the vertical supports (94) slightly below the lower support plate (96). The container (106) is fixed, and the elevating plate (97)
A detector operating plate (1) is placed at an appropriate position on each detector (105) (106) to cut off the light emitting water molecules and the light receiving element.
07) is fixed.

The lower end of the vertical elevating plate (108) is fixed to the front surface of an elevating plate (97) that protrudes slightly forward from the left and right supports 0 (94) and the upper and lower supporting plates (95).
08) The rear end of an elevating body (111) extending horizontally forward through a notch (1io) provided in the rear vertical plate (109) of the fixed cover (91) is fixed to the upper end of the fixed cover (91). There is. The front part of the elevating body (111) protrudes downward, and this part is attached to the test tube holder (
200). In addition, the elevating body (111
) has a recess (11
2) is formed. A spherical saline nozzle support (113) is rotatably mounted on a spherical concave surface formed on the upper surface of the front end of the elevating body (111).
A presser plate < 11 fixed to the front end surface of the
5) is held down. This support (113)
A physiological saline passage (not shown) is formed inside the passage from the upper part to the lower part, and at the lower end of this passage there is an elevating body (11
A saline nozzle (116) facing diagonally backward and downward is fixed to pass through the upper part of 1) and face the recess (112), and a saline tube connection fitting (117) is fixed to the dark blue part of the same. A rectangular parallelepiped Coombs serum nozzle support (IIG) is fixed to the upper surface of the elevating body (111) immediately behind the saline nozzle support (113), and this support (11
A Coombs serum passageway (119) is formed in 13) extending from the rear to the lower surface. At the lower end of this passageway (119) there is a recess (112) passing through the upper part of the elevating body (1i1).
A Coombs surface cleansing nozzle (120) facing vertically downward is fixed, and a Coombs serum Chicove connection fitting (120) is fixed at the rear end of the same.
121) is fixed. Recess of the elevating body (1i1) (
Two sets of Coombs serum detectors (122) and (123), which are transmission type photoelectric detectors each consisting of a light emitting element on one side of the left and right sides and a light receiving element on the opposite side, are provided on the left and right walls of the cell 112). The upper and lower detectors (122) (123) are arranged slightly shifted back and forth below the Coombs serum nozzle (120). Further, a test tube detector (124) consisting of a reflective photoelectric detector is attached to the lower end surface of the elevating body (111) after the recess (112).

When the motor (101) rotates and the elevating plate (97) moves up and down between the first end position and the lower end position, the elevating body (111) and the nozzle (11(3) (120) also move between the upper end position and the lower end position. The elevating body (111) that has moved to the upper end position is entirely covered with the bottom plate (91) of the fixed cover (91).
2) is located slightly above. Furthermore, when the elevating body (111) descends to the lower end position, the front lower side of the elevating body (111) protrudes slightly downward from the fixed cover bottom plate (92), and the Coombs serum detectors (122) (123) and nozzle (1
16) The test tube (120) is in an almost upright state inserted into the test tube holder (200) on the rear side of the rotating part (14).
), and the test tube detector (12
4) is opposed to the upper rear side of this test tube (13) so that it can be detected.

A bottomed cylindrical bottle holder (126) with an outward facing flange (125) formed at the upper end is inserted from above into an oval hole at the rear left side of the bottom plate (92) of the fixed cover (91). It is fitted with a Coombs serum bottle (127).
is included. One end of the Coombs serum tube (128) is inserted to the bottom of this bottle (127), and the other end is inserted into the connecting fitting (1ia) of the Coombs serum nozzle support (1ia).
121). A horizontal pump support plate (129) is fixed to the opening -F made on the left side of the rear end of the fixed cover bottom plate (92). The end face is fixed. The shaft of this motor (130) passes through the support plate (129) and protrudes upward, and a micro-liquid pump for Coombs serum (Coombs serum pump) (131) is attached to this part.
is installed. This pump (131) has a plurality of rollers (134) rotatably attached between the outer peripheries of upper and lower horizontal disc-shaped roller holders (133) that are rotated by a motor (130). Coombs serum tubes (12) are placed on these rollers (134).
The middle part of 8) is stretched in tension.

It should be noted that this pump (131) is generally used to deliver a small amount of a chemical solution, etc., so a detailed explanation will be omitted. By intermittently rotating this pump (131) by a certain amount in a certain direction, Coombs serum is
from the bottle (127) through the tube (128) and the passage (119) in the Coombs serum nozzle support (118) to the Coombs serum nozzle (120) in fixed m increments;
The liquid is dripped one drop at a time from the nozzle (120) by the action of the chamfer (135>) formed at the lower end of the nozzle (120).

1 on the top surface of the board (20)! A diaphragm pump for physiological saline (saline pump) (136) is fixed on the right side of the end, and a first saline tube (137) is connected to the suction side of this pump (136). Although not shown, a physiological saline tank is placed outside the casing (10), and the first saline tank led out of the casing (10) is
The tip of the tube (137) is inserted to the bottom of this tank. Further, a liquid level detector is attached to the tip of this tube (137).

One end of the second saline tube (138) is attached to the pump (
136), and the other end is connected to the connection fitting (117) of the saline nozzle support (113). By intermittently operating the pump (13G) once at a time, physiological saline is pumped from the tank to the first tube (
137) into the pump (13G) and then through the second tube (138) and passageway in the saline nozzle support (113') to the saline nozzle (1).
1G) and is sent from the nozzle (116) to the meter (12
), as shown in Figures 2 and 4, the upper sealing plate (
139) and a lower sealing plate (141) connected in parallel to the lower side of this via a plurality of connecting rods (140), and the rear end of the upper sealing plate (139) is connected to the housing (10). It is rotatably attached to the rear end of the upper opening by a hinge (142). A handle (+43) is provided on the front upper surface of the upper sealing plate (139). (12) closes, the upper sealing plate (139) seals the upper opening of the housing (1o), and the lower sealing plate (141) comes into close contact with the seal (93) of the fixed cover bottom plate (92). container (11
) seal the upper opening.

At the rear end of the lower sealing plate (141) of the lid (12), there is a long rectangular opening (notch (144)) in the front and back through which the front part of the elevating body (111) of the injection part (16) passes. A lower sealing plate (141) on the right side of this opening (144) is provided.
) A substantially inverted U-shaped solenoid support member (145) is fixed to the upper surface of the rotary solenoid (14B), which reciprocates in a range of approximately 90 degrees around a vertical axis. ) is fixed to the lower sealing plate (14
1) One end of the abbreviated plate-shaped shutter (147) in contact with the top surface is fixed to the rotating part of this solenoid (146), and when the shutter (147) is rotated clockwise when viewed from above, the opening is closed. (144) is completely turned on and the shutter (147) rotates in the opposite direction, the opening (
144) is sealed.

On the right side of the front end of the fixed cover bottom plate (92), as follows:
A lid fixing device 1 (148) is provided (Fig. 2,
(See Figures 4 and 19).

In other words! A fixing plate (149) that protrudes downward at right angles is fixed to the front end surface of the lower sealing plate (141) of (12), and a corresponding part of the fixed cover bottom plate (92) has M
An opening (150) is provided into which this fixing plate (149) enters when (12) is closed. And the lid (12
) is provided with a pin insertion hole (151) in a portion of the fixing plate (149) that projects downward from the bottom plate (92).

The upper end surface of a vertical block (152) is fixed to the lower surface of the bottom plate (92) immediately in front of the opening (150), and this block (152)
A solenoid support plate (153) extending horizontally forward is fixed to the upper end surface of the solenoid support plate (153). A solenoid (154) is fixed to the upper surface of this plate (153), and a vertical bottle mounting plate (15 (3) is fixed to the rear end of the shaft (155) of the solenoid (154) that extends horizontally backward. One fixing pin (157) extending horizontally backward is fixed to the upper part of the rear surface of this plate (156), and two guide pins (158) on the left and right extending horizontally backward are fixed to the lower part thereof. These pins (157) (158'') are inserted into holes (159) that penetrate the block (152) in the front and back so that they can slide forward and backward. A compression coil spring (160) is attached (pull) to the outer periphery of each pin (157) (158) between the pins (157) and (158) to bias the bottle mounting plate (156) forward, and the solenoid (154) is inactivated. In this state, the fixed bottle (157) has moved to the front end position by the force of the spring (160), and the rear end is slightly forward of the opening (150), so the lid (12) can be opened and closed freely. .lid(
12) is closed, when the solenoid (154) is activated, it resists the force of the fixing pin (157) and spring (160) and moves to the rear end position by applying the hole (151) of the fixing plate (149). , the lid (12) is locked and cannot be opened. If the solenoid (154) becomes inactive again in this state, the fixing bottle (157) will move against the fixing plate (
The cover (12) comes out of the hole (151) of the cover (149) and moves to the front end position, so the cover (12>) is released and can freely open and hang.

A first operation panel (161) as shown in FIG. 20 is provided on the front side of the casing (10).
161) includes a power switch with lamp (162), a start switch (163), a reset switch (164),
Stop switch (1'65), stop lamp (166)
, Coombs centrifugal switch (167) and lamp (16
8), 3 wash cycle selection switch (169) and lamp (170), 2 wash cycle selection switch (1
71) and lamp (172), one wash cycle selection switch (173) and lamp (174), Coombs centrifugation cycle selection switch (175) and lamp (1
76), as well as an alarm lamp (177).

At the lower part of the front surface of the housing (10), as shown in FIG. It is rotatably mounted. This operation box (179) is used with the upper part pulled out forward by the front handle (iao), and at this time, the upper surface of the operation box (179) exposed outside the housing (10) has a A second operation panel (181) as shown in FIG. 21 is provided. This panel (181) has a pump operation switch (
182), Coombs serum human selection switch (183)
, nozzle operation switch (184), saline row selection switch (185), Coombs centrifugal rotation speed selection switch (186), four types of cycle indicator lamps, namely shaking lamp (187), injection lamp (18g), centrifugal lamp (189) and saline drain lamp (19)
0), as well as three types of alarm indicator lamps, namely the operation error indicator lamp (191) and the injection error indicator lamp (
192) and physiological saline deficiency display run (193)
is provided.

When you press the power switch (162), the power is turned on and the lamp of this switch (1G2) and stop lamp (16G)
lights up, and manual operation and automatic operation are possible as shown below. The stop lamp (16G) indicates that the operation is stopped or interrupted.

For manual operation, use the saline pump (1) in the injection section (16).
36) and operation of the Coombs serum pump (131);
There are lifting and lowering operations for the physiological saline nozzle (116) and the Coombs serum nozzle (120) of the injection section (116), and these are performed when the stop lamp (IO2) is lit.

Manual operation of the pump (136> (131) is performed using a pump operation switch (182) before starting automatic cycle operation, which will be described later.
) is the 5ALINE side (upper side of Figure 21) and C00MB5
It is a return type with two contacts on the side (lower side in the figure). And 5AII of the pump operation switch (182)
Press the NF side once to turn the saline pump (136) on.
It operates twice. 1 on the 5AlrNF side of the switch (182)
If saline does not come out of the saline nozzle (116) even after pressing the button several times, press this button one to several more times until saline comes out.

After this, a certain amount of physiological saline will come out from the nozzle (116) each time you press this once, and you will be in a state where you can automatically inject raw saline. Pump operation switch (
Pressing the C00MB5 side of 182) once activates the Coombs serum pump (131) until Coombs serum drips from the nozzle (120). Nozzle (120)
When Coombs serum is dripped from the top and bottom, the Coombs serum detector (122) (123)
This is reliably detected on at least one of the pumps (1
31) is stopped. This enables automatic injection of Coombs serum.

Manual lifting and lowering of the nozzle (116) (i20) is performed using the nozzle operation switch (184).

This switch (184) is the pump operation switch (18
This is similar to 2). Nozzle operation switch 1' switch (18
4) When you press the IJP side (upper side of Fig. 21), the elevating body (1
11) and the nozzles (116) and (120) rise to the upper end position and stop. In addition, U of switch (184)
Even if you keep pressing the P side, the nozzle (116) (120
) rises to the upper end position, the R lowering body (111) stops. When the DOWN side (lower side in the figure) of the nozzle operation switch (184) is pressed, the elevating body (111) and the nozzle (1
1G) (120) descends to the lower end position and stops. f
Even if the DOWN side of the switch (184) is pressed and held, the elevating body (111) will stop when the nozzle (116) (120) descends to the lower end position.

Automatic operation includes automatic cycle operation and Coombs centrifugal operation.

The automatic cycle operation consists of 1 to 6 wash cycles consisting of injection of physiological saline, centrifugal sedimentation, and supernatant discharge of physiological saline, and injection of Coombs serum, shaking of the test tube (13), and centrifugal sedimentation. There are cases in which the washing cycle and the Coombs centrifugation cycle are carried out consecutively, and cases in which only one of them is carried out.

Automatic cycle operation is performed as follows.

That is, first, the physiological saline pump (136>) and the Coombs serum pump (131) are manually operated to enable automatic injection of physiological saline and Coombs serum.

Next, the Coombs centrifugal rotation speed selection switch (186) is operated to set the rotation speed of the rotating part (14) during centrifugal sedimentation in the Coombs centrifugation cycle (Coombs centrifugal rotation speed). This switch (186) is a rotary switch that changes the Coombs centrifugal rotation speed in four stages.

In addition, the saline envelope selection switch (185) is operated to set the remaining amount of saline after discharging in the cleaning cycle. This switch (185) indicates that the remaining amount of saline is WET and MED IUM.

It is a rotary switch that can be switched to a 3-tier DRY box, and the remaining amount of saline is highest when set to WET, least when set to DRY, and intermediate between these when set to MEDIUM. In addition, the Coombs serum injection amount selection switch (183) is operated to set the injection amount of Coombs serum in the Coombs centrifugation cycle. This switch <183) is connected to the DOUBLE side (upper side in Fig. 21) and the 5
It is a changeover switch that has two contacts on the TANDARD side (lower side of the figure) and is held in a state where it is tilted to either side, and the amount of Coombs serum injected is 2 drops when it is tilted to the DOUBLE side. , 1 drop when defeated by 5TANDARD side.

Next, press the three wash cycle selection switches (169) (
171) Operate (173) and the Coombs centrifugation cycle selection switch (175) to set the presence/absence and number of wash cycles and the presence/absence of the Coombs centrifugation cycle. These switches (169) (171) (17
3) (175) is a hold-type push button switch that repeatedly turns on and off each time it is pressed; when it is on, it is held in the pressed state, and when it is off, it is held in the returned state. There is also a 3 wash cycle selection switch (1
69) is 3 times, 2 times selection switch (171) is 2 times, 1
The cycle selection switch (173) indicates that one cleaning cycle is to be performed, and when two or more of these switches are turned on, the cleaning cycle is performed the number of times that is the total number of times indicated by the ones that are turned on. Therefore, when performing one cleaning cycle, only one selection switch (173) is used, and two selection switches (173) are used.
When it is 2 times, it is the 2 times selection switch (171), and when it is 3 times, it is only the 3 times selection switch (169) or the 2 times selection switch (171) and the 1 times selection switch (173).
For 4 times, use the 3 selection switch (169) and 1 selection switch (173), for 5 times, use the 3 selection switch (169) and 2 selection switch (171), for 6 times, use 3 selection switches. Selection switch (169) (171) (17
3) Turn on and read. If no wash cycle is to be performed, press the three selection switches (169) (171).
) (173) are all turned off. Further, when performing a Coombs centrifugal cycle, the Coombs centrifugal cycle selection switch (175) is turned on, and when this cycle is not performed, this switch (175) is turned off.

On the other hand, the test tube (13) is inserted and attached from above into the test tube holder (200) of the rotating part (14).

When performing a washing cycle, the test tube (13) contains red blood cells before washing, and when performing only a Coombs centrifugation cycle without performing a washing cycle, the test tube (13) contains red blood cells after washing. There is. Also, test tube (13)
A plurality of test tubes are used as a set of two, and the two test tubes (13) of one phase are arranged in symmetrical positions. At this time,
As shown in FIG. 7, the lower rotating member (89) is at the upper end position, and its protrusion (90) is in contact with the radially inner side of the bottom of the holder (200) which is in an approximately upright state, and the test tube is (13) is almost upright.

When the above single side is completed, turn on the start switch (163).
)Press.

When the start switch (163) is pressed, the lid fixing equipment (148)
) locks the lid (12) and turns off the stop light (16).
8) goes out. In this way, when automatic operation starts, the lid (12) is locked and cannot be opened during operation, thereby preventing accidents due to erroneous operation. In addition, as described later, even during automatic operation, the stop switch (165
), but in this case, the operation can be interrupted by pressing ! ! (12> is released and opening/closing becomes possible.

Then, the cleaning cycle selection switch (169) (171
) (173) are all off, the cycle moves to the Coombs centrifugation cycle described later, and these switches (169) (
171) If even one of (173) is turned on, saline injection for the first wash cycle is performed as follows.

That is, first, the shutter (147) of the frontage (144) of the lower sealing plate (141) of 1 (12) inquires, and then the nozzles (116) (120) of the injection part (16) descend to the lower end position. It stops and the injection lamp (188) lights up.

Next, the solenoid (59) of the drive unit (15) is actuated, and the intermediate friction wheel (55) moves the 19th friction wheel (55) of the main motor (35).
39) and the friction wheel (48) of the indexing motor (46) at the same time, the indexing motor (4G) rotates at a very low speed. At this time, the motor shaft ζ36〉 of the main motor (35) is in a state where it can freely rotate, and the rotation of the indexing motor (46) is caused by the three friction wheels (48) (55).
Motor shaft (36) of main motor (35) by (39)
The test tube holder (200) of the rotating part (14)
pass below the nozzles (116) and (120) one after another.

After the index motor (46) starts rotating, the holder (20
When the almost upright test tube (13) inserted into the tube (0) moves below the nozzle (116) (120), this is detected by the test tube detector (124) and the indexing motor (46) stops.

Then, the saline pump (136) operates once,
A certain amount of saline is injected from the saline nozzle (116) into the test tube (13) that is stationary below it. At this time, a detector (not shown) installed in the saline pump (136) checks the operating state of the pump (136), and if the pump (136) does not operate normally, an alarm lamp ( 177) and the injection error display lamp (192) light up, the buzzer sounds an alarm, and the operation is interrupted. When the cause of the malfunction is investigated and the operation is to be resumed, the start switch (163) is pressed again.

Also, while the indexing motor (46) is rotating, a signal from the rotational speed detector (43) causes the nozzle (116) to rotate.
The number of holders (200) that have passed below (120) is counted and a test tube (
13) was inserted or not is stored. The friction wheel (39) of the main motor (35) rotates at the same speed as the rotating part (14), and this friction wheel (39) has a holder (200
), the same number of notches (41) are provided, so the notch (41) that passed through the rotation speed detector (43)
By counting the number of nozzles (116) (1
20) can be counted.

After the rotating part (14) has rotated 180'', each time the test tube (13) is detected by the test tube detector (124), the test tube (13) is placed in the holder (200) at a symmetrical position.
3) is inserted, and if the test tube (13) is not inserted into the holder (200) in the symmetrical position, it is determined that the test tube (13) is unbalanced.
I remember that there was.

When the rotating part (14) rotates once, the indexing motor (4)
6) stops, the solenoid (59) becomes inactive, and the intermediate friction wheel (55) switches between the friction wheel (3) of the main motor (35).
1), the injection lamp (188) goes out,
Infusion of physiological saline is completed.

In addition, the test tube (1
3) When automatic cycle operation is started without inserting any test tubes (14), even if the rotating part (14) rotates once
3> is not detected, the alarm lamp (177) and operation error indicator lamp (191) light up, the buzzer sounds an alarm, and the operation is interrupted. Also, when the rotating part (14) rotates once, a check (balance check) is performed to see if there is an unbalanced test tube (13).
13), the alarm lamp (177) and operation error indicator lamp (191> will light up, and
The buzzer will sound an alarm and the operation will be interrupted. Then, correct the position of the test tube (13) by hand, and then
63), the rotating part (14) rotates once again in the same manner as described above to perform a balance check, and if there is no unbalanced test tube (13), the injection of physiological saline is completed.

In addition, the first physiological saline tube (1
The level detector attached to the tip of the saline tank (37) checks the level of saline in the tank, and when the level drops below a certain level, an alarm lamp (1
77) and the raw egg saline solution shortage indicator lamp (193) light up, the buzzer sounds an alarm, and the operation is interrupted.

After the injection of physiological saline is completed, the first high-speed centrifugal sedimentation is performed as follows.

That is, first, the nozzle (116) of the injection part (16)
(120) rises to the upper end position and stops, then the lid (
The opening (144) of the lower sealing plate (141> of 12)
1 ivy (147) and a centrifugal lamp (18
9) lights up. Next, with the lower rotating member (89) located at the upper end position, the main motor (3) of the drive unit 15) is
5) rotates, which causes the rotating part (14) to rotate at high speed (for example, 2450 ppm). When the rotating part (14) rotates for a certain period of time (for example, 40 seconds), the main motor (35) is powered off, the brake (path shown) is activated, and the lower rotating member (89) is attracted to the lower end position. Ru. When the rotational speed of the rotating part (14) becomes below a certain value, the brake is released and the rotating part (14) stops.
The lower rotating member (89) moves to the extreme position again, the centrifugal lamp (189) goes out, and the centrifugal sedimentation ends.

Note that the rotation speed of the rotating part (14) is determined by a rotation speed detector (
43).

Also, while the rotating part (14) is rotating at high speed, the rotational speed of the rotating part (14) is measured and maintained at the above constant value. (for example, 3000 ppm) or more, the power to the main motor (35) is turned off.

During the above-mentioned high-speed centrifugal sedimentation, the lower rotating member (89) is at the upper end position, but since the bottom of the holder (200) is radially outward from the protrusion (90) of the lower rotating member (89), such a state does not occur. When the rotating part (14) rotates, the bottom of the holder (200) is rotated by centrifugal force, causing its short shaft (20
6) It swings outward in the radial direction. For this reason, the test tube (13) rotates with its mouth facing radially inward in a tilted manner, and red blood cells, which have a higher specific gravity than the saline, settle at the bottom of the test tube (13) due to centrifugal force. . The magnitude of the swing at the bottom of the test tube (13) depends on the magnitude of the centrifugal force, but even if the centrifugal force becomes large, the holder (200) does not close to the overhang of the upper rotating member (72) as shown in FIG. (76) and stops, and the test tube (13) no longer swings outward.

At this time, the bottom of the holder (200) is surrounded by the protrusion (76) of the upper rotating member (72) and does not protrude outward from the upper rotating member (72), so when rotating Low noise. Further, as the rotation degree of the rotating part (14) gradually decreases, the bottom of the holder (200) returns to the inside in the radial direction due to gravity, and at this time, the bottom part of the holder (200) returns inward in the radial direction.
Since 9) is attracted to the lower end position, the rotating part 〈14)
When the holder (200) stops, the holder (200) hangs down with the bottom of the test tube (13) slightly inclined inward in the radial direction, as shown by the chain line in FIG. In this state, the lower rotating member (89) rises again to the upper end position, and its protrusion (90) is positioned radially inside the bottom of the holder (200).

In addition, if you press the stop switch (165) during centrifugal sedimentation,
When the operation is interrupted and the start switch (163) is pressed again, the operation is resumed.

When the high-speed centrifugal sedimentation is completed, the supernatant of physiological saline is drained for the first time as follows.

That is, first, the saline discharge lamp (190) is turned on, and with the lower rotating member (89) positioned at the upper end position, the main motor (35) of the drive unit (15) rotates.
The rotating part (14) rotates at low speed. When the rotating part (14) rotates for a certain period of time (for example, 30 seconds), the lower rotating member (89) is sucked to the -U lower end position and returns to the upper end position again, and the rotating part rotates as in the case of high-speed centrifugal sedimentation. (14
) stops. And the saline discharge lamp (190
) goes out and the discharge of physiological saline ends.

When discharging the above physiological saline, the lower rotating member (89)
is at the upper end position and its protrusion (90) is located at the holder (200).
) is located radially outward of the bottom, so the rotating part (1
4) rotates, the bottom of the holder (200) swings slightly outward in the radial direction due to centrifugal force, and then comes into contact with the protrusion (90) and stops. Therefore, the test tube (13) rotates with its mouth facing slightly outward in the radial direction, and the physiological saline with a low specific gravity is discharged from the mouth of the test tube (13) into the container (11) by centrifugal force. Ru. The rotational speed of the rotating section (11) is selected based on the setting of the physiological saline remaining amount selection switch (185), and is, for example, 200 rpmT'' for MEDIUM.In this way, the rotating section (14)
When the lower rotating member (89) is sucked to the lower end position while rotating at a low speed, the bottom of the holder (200) swings slightly outward in the radial direction, and the lower rotating member (89) is returned to the upper end position. , the protrusion (90) is the holder (20
0) Located radially inside the bottom.

When the rotating part (14) stops, the holder (
200) The radially inner side of the bottom is in contact with the protrusion (90), and the test tube (13) is in a substantially upright state.

Also, if the stop switch (165) is pressed while saline is being drained, the operation will be interrupted and the start switch (165) will be pressed again.
When pressed, operation resumes from the beginning of the saline JJI tit.

With this, one washing cycle consisting of injection of physiological saline, centrifugal sedimentation, and discharge of physiological saline is completed. and,
If the set number of cleaning cycles is two or more, the same cleaning cycle as described above is repeated the remaining number of times.

After completing the set number of cleaning cycles in this way,
The state of the Coombs centrifugation cycle selection switch (175) is checked, and if this switch (175) is on, the Coombs centrifugation cycle is performed as follows. Cleaning cycle selection switch (169) (171)
The same is true when all the switches (173) are off and only the Coombs centrifugal cycle selection switch (175) is on.

That is, first, Coombs serum is not injected. This is similar to the injection of saline in the wash cycle, except that Coombs serum is injected into the test tube (13) instead of saline, as follows. That is, when the detector (124) detects that the test tube (13) has moved below the nozzles (116) (120) and the indexing motor (46) stops, the coolant surface cleaning pump ( 131) rotates a predetermined amount, and the test tube (
13) One or two drops of Coombs serum are injected into the tube. The amount of Coombs serum instilled at this time is determined based on the state of the Coombs serum injection amount selection switch (183),
Monitored and counted by Coombs serum detectors (122) (123). If the Coombs serum pump (131) has operated for a certain period of time and no drop of Coombs serum is detected, the alarm lamp (177) and injection error indicator lamp (192) will light up, the buzzer will sound an alarm, and the operation will be interrupted. be done.

When the cause of the malfunction is investigated and the operation is to be resumed, the start switch (163) is pressed again. Also, in the case of injection of Coombs serum, the balance check of the test tube (13) is performed in exactly the same way as in the case of injection of physiological saline.

When the injection of Coombs serum is completed, the test tube (13) is shaken as follows.

That is, first, the nozzle (116) of the injection part (16)
(120) rises to the upper end position and stops, then the lid (
The opening (144) of the lower sealing plate (141) of 12) is sealed by the capshutter (147), and
7) lights up. Then, for a certain period of time (for example, 7 seconds)
, the electromagnet (28) of the drive unit (15) is repeatedly excited and de-energized in a cycle of about 101-1z, and the electromagnet (28)
) is de-energized, the shaking lamp (187) is turned off.

When the electromagnet (28) is repeatedly excited and de-energized as described above, the lower rotating member (89) slightly vibrates vertically by about 2 to 5 mm near the upper end position (j+), and this vibration causes the protrusion (90)
The bottom of the test tube (13) is rocked in the radial direction. If the stop switch (165) is pressed while the test tube (13) is being shaken, the operation will be interrupted and the stop lamp (166) will light up, and if the start switch (163) is pressed again, the operation will be resumed. , the stop lamp (166) goes out. Also, when the operation is interrupted by pressing the stop switch (165),
A buzzer sounds an alarm.

After shaking the test tube (13), medium-speed centrifugal sedimentation is performed. This is similar to the case of high-speed centrifugal sedimentation in the washing cycle, except for the rotational speed of the rotating part (14) and the lower rotating member (89) being positioned at the upper end position from beginning to end. Since the rotating part (14) stops with the rotating member (89) located at the upper end position, when the medium speed centrifugal sedimentation is completed, the holder (200
) and the test tube (13) are almost upright.

In addition, the rotational speed of the rotating part (14) during medium-speed centrifugal sedimentation is:
Based on the setting of the Coombs centrifugal rotation speed selection switch (186), for example 900°, 1000, 1100 and 1
The speed is selected from among 300 rpm.

When the medium-speed centrifugal sedimentation is completed, after waiting for a certain period of time (for example, 10 seconds), a stop lamp (16 (3)) lights up and a buzzer sounds an alarm.

Then, the lid fixing device (148) releases the lid (12) so that it can be opened and closed freely, and the automatic cycle operation ends. Note that even if the Coombs centrifugal cycle selection switch (175) is off after the cleaning cycle ends, the automatic cycle operation ends in the same way.

Coombs centrifugation can be used, for example, to test tubes after washing red blood cells (
13) After manually injecting Coombs serum, only medium-speed centrifugal sedimentation is performed, and is carried out as follows.

That is, first, the holder (2) of the rotating part (14), which is fixed to the motor shaft (36) of the driving part (15), is in an almost upright state.
00) with the test tube (13) injected with Coombs serum attached, close the lid (12). Then, as in the automatic cycle operation, the Coombs centrifugal rotation speed selection switch (186) is operated to set the Coombs centrifugal rotation speed, and the Coombs centrifugal switch (167) is turned on.

This switch (167) is similar to the Coombs centrifugation cycle selection switch (175), and when turned on, the Coombs centrifugation lamp (168) lights up. In addition,
If the lid (12) is open, this lamp (168) will not light up.

Once the above preparations are complete, press the start switch (163)
Press.

When the start switch (163) is pressed, the lid fixing device (14g
) locks the lid (148) and turns on the stop lamp (1
6G> goes out and the centrifugal lamp (189) lights up.

Then, as in the case of medium speed centrifugal sedimentation in the Coombs centrifugal cycle of automatic cycle operation, the rotating part (14) rotates for a certain period of time at the speed set by the Coombs centrifugal rotation speed selection switch (186) and then stops. Rotating part (
14) has stopped, after waiting for a certain period of time (for example, 10 seconds), the centrifugal lamp (189) turns off, the buzzer sounds an alarm, and the lamp (166) lights up to indicate the stop. Then, the lid fixing device (148) releases the lid (12) so that it can be opened and closed freely, and the Coombs centrifugal operation ends.

In addition, in the case of Coombs centrifugal operation, the test tube (13) is not balanced.

Cleaning cycle selection switch <169) (171) (
173) and Coombs centrifuge cycle selection switch (1
Coombs centrifugal switch (16) and at least one Coombs centrifugal switch (16)
If you press the start switch (163) with 7) turned on, the Coombs centrifugal switch (167) takes priority;
Only Coombs centrifugal operation is performed. In addition, if the start switch (163) is pressed with all of the washing cycle selection switches (169), (171), (173), Coombs centrifugal cycle selection switch (175), and Coombs centrifugal switch (167) turned off, an alarm will occur. Lamp (177) and operation error indicator lamp (191)
lights up, the buzzer sounds an alarm, and no action is taken.

In the case of the above embodiment, since the test tube holder (200) is provided with the stopper (208), it is possible to securely hold the test tube (13) even if the outer diameter of the test tube (13) changes. 13) does not rotate. We also have a saline nozzle (11G) and a Coombs serum nozzle (12G).
0) is attached to the elevating body (111) and descends to just above the test tube (13) during injection, so that the physiological saline and Coombs serum are reliably injected into the test tube (13). Additionally, it is generally difficult to confirm that Coombs serum has entered the test tube (13);
Coombs serum detectors (122) (123) also test tubes (1
3), so if the drop of Coombs serum is detected by this, it is certain that it is in the test tube (13).
) can be guaranteed. Furthermore, when discharging the supernatant of physiological saline in the '4G purification cycle, a container (1
The upper opening of 1) is sealed by the lower sealing plate (141) of the lid (12), and the nozzle (116) of the injection part (16)
(120) is raised to one side from the lower sealing plate (141), and the lower sealing plate (120) through which the elevating body (11) passes (
Since the opening (144) of 141) is sealed by the ivy (147), there is no possibility that the physiological saline sprayed in the form of a mist may adhere to the nozzles (116) and (120) and contaminate them. There is no fear at all.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a conventional example, FIGS. 2 to 21 show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the 2nd
5 is a sectional view taken along the line 85-84 in FIG. 2, FIG. 6 is an enlarged view taken along the line 85-85 in FIG.
Figure 7 is a partially enlarged view of Figure 2, Figure 8 is an enlarged vertical sectional view showing the main parts of the rotating part during centrifugal sedimentation, and Figure 9 is a view equivalent to Figure 8 when draining the supernatant of physiological saline. 10 is a partially cutaway plan view showing an enlarged portion of the test tube holder in FIG. 3; FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line 811-811 in FIG. 10;
2 is a sectional view taken along the line Sl 2-812 in FIG. 10, FIG. 13 is a bottom view of the test tube holder in FIG. 12, and FIG. -814 line enlarged arrow view, Figure 15 is Figure 4-8
15-815 line enlarged cross-sectional view, Fig. 16 is Fig. 15 31
6-816 line, FIG. 17 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 15, FIG. 18 is an enlarged sectional view of FIG. 4, 318-81811A, and FIG. 19 is an enlarged sectional view of FIG. figure,
Figure 20 is a front view of the first operation panel, and Figure 21 is a front view of the second operation panel.
FIG. 3 is a front view of the operation panel of FIG. (10)...Casing, (11)...Container, (12)...
・・Lid, (13)・・Test tube (centrifuge tube), (14)・
...Rotating part, (15)...Drive part, (16)...Injection part, (28)...Electromagnet, (72)...Upper rotating member, (87)...Spring (elastic body), (89)...
Lower rotating member, (90)...Protrusion, (111)...
Lifting body, (116)...Physiological saline nozzle, (120
)... Coombs serum nozzle, (139)... Upper sealing plate, (141)... Lower sealing plate, (144)...
Opening, (147)...Shutter, (200)...Test tube (centrifuge tube) holder, (201)...Test tube (centrifuge tube) insertion hole, (202)...Vertical groove, (208)... )・・
・Stopper. Applicants for the above patents: Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., N.D. Niss Co., Ltd., and 4 others Fig. 8 89 Fig. 9 Fig. 12 zub Fig. 14 0

Claims (7)

[Claims] (1) A casing (10) with an open top and a casing (10)
A container (11) that is fixed inside and has an open top, and a container (1
1) A lid (12) that closes the upper part, a rotating part (14) that is arranged in the container (11) and rotates while holding a plurality of centrifuge tubes (13) in a desired posture, and a rotating part (14) that In a cleaning centrifuge, the rotating part (14) includes an upper rotating member (72) that rotates about a substantially vertical axis, and a driving part (15) that rotates about a substantially vertical axis. A plurality of centrifuge tube holders (200) whose upper portions are rotatably attached to an upper rotating member (72) so that the upper rotating member (72) can be rotated in a forest-like manner and The centrifuge tube holder (2
A lower rotating member (89) made of a magnetic material and having an upward protrusion (90) that is arranged below the centrifuge tube holder (200) and restricts the radial rocking of the centrifuge tube holder (200);
An elastic body (87) that always urges the lower rotating member (89) upward, and the driving part (15) pushes the lower rotating member (89) upwardly.
An electromagnet (28
), and when the centrifuge tube holder (200) stops the upper rotating member (72), it absorbs its own weight and the centrifuge tube (
Due to the weight of the centrifuge tube (13), the bottom of the centrifuge tube (13) hangs slightly inward in the radial direction, and when the lower rotating member (89) is at the lower end position, the protrusion (90)
is located below the centrifuge tube holder (200) to enable the centrifuge tube holder (200) to swing in the radial direction,
When the lower rotating member (89) is at the upper end position, the bottom of the centrifuge tube (13) is slightly inclined radially inward, and the bottom of the centrifuge tube holder (200) is radially outward, or the centrifuge tube (13) is almost upright. State centrifuge tube boulder (200)
Centrifuge tube holder (200) in contact with the bottom radially inside
A washing centrifuge adapted to prevent radially outward swinging or radially inward swinging of the washing centrifuge. (2) The centrifuge tube holder (200) is cylindrical with an upward centrifuge tube insertion hole (201), and this hole (200)
The hole (201) is inserted into the groove (202) provided on the inner wall of
2. The cleaning centrifuge according to claim 1, further comprising an elastic stopper (208) that presses against the centrifuge tube (13) inserted in the centrifuge tube (13) to prevent its rotation. (3) Claim 1 or 2, wherein the protrusion 90 of the lower rotating member (89) is formed integrally with the lower rotating member (89) and is annular with a substantially inverted V-shaped cross section. A washing centrifuge described in . (4) A casing (10) with an open top and a casing (10)
A container (11) that is fixed inside and has an open top, and a container (1
1) A lid (12) that closes the upper part, a rotating part (14) that is arranged in the container (11) and rotates while holding a plurality of centrifuge tubes (13) in a desired posture, and a rotating part (14) that A driving part (15) that rotates around a substantially vertical axis, and a rotating part (14)
A washing centrifuge is equipped with an injection part (16) for injecting physiological saline or Coombs serum into a centrifuge tube (13) that is held in a moving centrifuge tube (13), and a rotating part (14) is arranged around a substantially vertical axis. an upper rotating member (72) that rotates, a plurality of centrifuge tube holders (200) whose upper parts are rotatably attached to the upper rotating member (72) so as to be able to swing in the radial direction, and an upper rotating member ( - The centrifuge tube holder (200) is arranged below the centrifuge tube holder (200) so that it can rotate in a forest-like manner and move a required distance in the vertical direction relative to the centrifuge tube holder (200).
The upward protrusion (9) restricts the radial swing of the
0) and an elastic body (87) that always urges the lower rotating member (89) upward.
), and the drive section (15) is equipped with a lower rotating member (89).
The centrifuge tube holder (200) is provided with an electromagnet (28) disposed below the lower rotating member (89) to attract it downward against the upward force of the elastic body (87), and the centrifuge tube holder (200) When the member (72) is stopped, the bottom of the centrifuge tube (13) hangs slightly radially inward due to its own weight and the weight of the centrifuge tube (13) held by it, and the lower rotating member (89) When the is at the lower end position, the protrusion (90) is located below the centrifuge tube holder (200), allowing the centrifuge tube holder (200) to swing in the radial direction, and the lower rotating member (89) is at the upper end position. , the bottom of the centrifuge tube holder (200) is radially outward with the bottom of the centrifuge tube (13) slightly inclined radially inward, or the bottom of the centrifuge tube holder (200) with the centrifuge tube (13) substantially upright. A cleaning centrifuge configured to contact the radially inward side of the centrifuge tube holder (200) to prevent the centrifuge tube holder (200) from swinging outward or inward. (5) The centrifuge tube holder (200) is cylindrical with an upward centrifuge tube insertion hole (201).
The hole (201) is inserted into the groove (202) provided on the inner wall of
5. The cleaning centrifuge m according to claim 4, further comprising an elastic stopper (208) that presses against the centrifuge tube (13) inserted in the centrifuge tube (13) and prevents its rotation. (6) Claim 4 or 5, wherein the protrusion (90) of the lower rotating member (89) is formed integrally with the lower rotating member (89) and is annular with a substantially inverted V-shaped cross section. A washing centrifuge described in . (7) The injection part (16) is mounted on a vertically movable elevating body (1
ii) A physiological saline nozzle (11G) and a Coombs serum nozzle (1) provided at the tip of the elevating body (111).
20) The cleaning (8) according to claim 4, characterized in that the lid (12) is provided with a housing (10).
an upper sealing plate (139) for sealing the upper opening of the container (11); and a lower sealing plate (141) connected to the lower side of the upper sealing plate (141) for sealing the upper opening of the container (11); A patent claim characterized in that an opening (144) through which the tip of the elevating body <1ii> of the injection part (16) can pass, and a shutter (147) for opening and closing this opening (144) are provided. A washing centrifuge according to scope 7.