JPS60138157A - Film waterproof construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a coating film waterproofing construction method, which improves the problems of conventional coating film waterproofing and provides a coating film waterproofing construction method that does not blister and has excellent durability. be.

In recent years, with the development of synthetic polymer chemistry, the waterproofing methods for building rooftops and roofs have replaced the hot asphalt method with acrylic rubber, urethane rubber, chloroprene rubber, etc.
A coating film waterproofing method using an acrylic resin-based synthetic resin emulsion has been used.

However, when these flexible paint film waterproofing agents are applied to a concrete slab as the base structure, a concrete slab with leveled mortar applied on top of it, or an ALC slab, the moisture already contained in the base structure and the room Moisture penetrating from the inside and air existing in minute voids cause volumetric expansion as the temperature of the building structure rises due to sunlight, which causes the waterproof coating to swell. It is occurring.

This blistering of the paint film due to moisture from the base not only causes the paint film that adheres to the base structure to peel off, but also causes the film to become extremely thin due to the blisters, making it more susceptible to damage, and sometimes due to expansion pressure. In some cases, this may even lead to breakage.As a result, this causes a fatal defect as a waterproof coating film, in which the waterproof performance is lost.

The following methods can be used to eliminate such defects. Firstly, from the perspective of suppressing the base moisture, there is a method to strengthen the adhesion of the paint film so that it does not peel off due to the expansion pressure of the moisture, but this is especially true for buildings that are prone to blistering due to the base moisture. Since the adhesive is often in a wet state, the adhesive strength is weak, and even if the adhesive strength is strong, it will not be able to overcome the expansion pressure of the underlying moisture and will eventually blister.

Second, from the perspective of allowing water vapor generated from the base structure to escape into the atmosphere without putting pressure on the applied coating film, various ventilation methods using various types of breathable sheets and non-woven fabrics have been tried. It's been getting worse. However, even if a ventilation layer is provided, as described above, sufficient adhesive strength cannot be obtained when adhering the ventilation sheet in a wet base state, and blistering due to premature peeling is often observed. For example, solvent-based butadiene adhesives not only have insufficient adhesion to wet surfaces, but even if the base is dry, if a waterproofing agent is applied on top,
Volatilization of the solvent is significantly delayed, and the build-up of adhesive strength is delayed, causing blistering.

Epoxy adhesives have weak adhesion on wet surfaces (and are expensive).

Resin mortar made of anionic resin emulsions such as acrylic emulsion, vinyl acetate emulsion, ethylene acetate emulsion, SBR latex, etc. and cement,
Although it can be said to be a good adhesive in that it is inexpensive and has excellent adhesive durability with cement-based materials, it may not be able to provide sufficient adhesive strength on the building base for which the construction method of the present invention is intended. many. This is because, in addition to the fact that building foundations have many wet surfaces, waterproofing is often required, and waterproofing is often carried out as part of building repair work, and it is very likely that foreign matter on the building foundation will impede adhesion. This is because there are many.

As mentioned above, none of the conventional construction methods has been able to overcome the problem of preventing blistering and provide a durable coating film waterproofing construction method.

The inventors of the present invention solved the problem of blistering in waterproof coatings and provided a highly durable waterproofing construction method (as a result of extensive research,
The invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention is a coating film waterproofing and venting method in which a nonwoven fabric is adhered to the surface of a building or a structure and a coating film waterproofing agent is applied to the surface, and the nonwoven fabric is bonded using an adhesive made of a cationic emulsion and cement. The present invention relates to a waterproof coating construction method having air permeability.

The most effective method for solving the purpose of the present invention, that is, solving the problem of blistering and providing long-term waterproof durability, is to use an adhesive consisting of a cationic emulsion and cement to bond the nonwoven fabric that constitutes the present invention. This point will be explained below.

Cationic emulsions used in adhesives are those produced by emulsion polymerization of cationic monomers or cationic monomers and copolymerizable monomers, or those produced by emulsion polymerization using cationic surfactants. , a cationized emulsion.

Specific examples of cationic emulsions include emulsions of acrylic resin, styrene-butadiene resin, ethylene-hinyl acetate resin, and vinyl acetate resin, which are generally used for cement mixing, and are made cationic by the above method. Acrylic resin is preferred for the present invention in terms of adhesion, durability, and water resistance.

Here, the acrylic resin is one produced by polymerization of an alkyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.

Examples of alkyl esters of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid constituting the acrylic resin include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, 1so-propyl, n-butyl, 1so-butyl, 5
ec-butyl, n-amyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-o9tyl, 2-ethylhexyl, n-nonyl,
Since it is an n-decyl ester and is used in combination with alkaline cement, an ester having a C1 or higher alkyl group with good alkali resistance is preferred for the present invention.

Further, from the viewpoint of adhesive performance, the proportion of the alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate monomer in the total polymer is preferably 30% by weight or more.

Examples of copolymerizable monomers that are copolymerized with acrylic acid alkyl esters or methacrylic acid alkyl esters include acrylic acid-induced cydyesters other than the above monomers, and ethylene, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, etc. , vinylidene chloride, styrene, butadiene, etc.

Examples of cationic monomers that are copolymerized with acrylic acid or methacrylic acid alkyl esters to impart cationic properties to acrylic resins include:

Dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, diethylaminoethyl acrylate, dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide, dimethylaminopropylacrylamide, 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine, dimethylallylamine and allylmethylamine, or those It is a quaternized ammonium salt of

Examples of cationic surfactants used to make acrylic resin emulsions cationic include the general formula R
Primary amines such as n-octylamine and laurylamine represented by , -NH, R, -N -R, such as dimethyllaurylamine 3, R-NH- (ci-t, ) -Nl
-1, diamine represented by RIR, R, R, N (J-
Other examples include quaternary ammonium salts represented by the above, and other alkylamine derivatives such as laurylamine acetate, stearylpropylene diamine diacetate, polyoxyethylene laurylamine, polyoxyethylene oleylamine, and polyoxyethylene stearylpropylene diamine. Among these cationic surfactants, the quaternary
Preferred examples are dicryltrimethylammonium chloride, cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, stearyltrimethylammonium chloride, distearyldimethylammonium chloride, and alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride.

In the present invention, the cement that is mixed with the cationic emulsion to become an adhesive refers to inorganic binding materials such as hydraulic cement and air-setting cement, with hydraulic cement being preferred from the viewpoint of water resistance. Specific examples of hydraulic cement include Portland cement, blast furnace cement, silica cement, fly ash cement, alumina cement, etc. Among them, Portland cement is common and can sufficiently achieve the effects of the present invention. Therefore, it is preferable.

The adhesive made of the above-mentioned cationic emulsion and cement is used with water added as necessary to adjust the softness. The ratio of emulsion added to cement is 1 to 3 solids of emulsion per 100 parts by weight of cement.
The amount is preferably 0 parts by weight, preferably 3 to 20 parts by weight, and more preferably 5 to 15 parts by weight. If the proportion of the resin is less than 1 part by weight, adhesion to the base is often insufficient (and if it exceeds 50 parts by weight, curing may be significantly delayed).

Although the adhesive consisting of the cationic emulsion and cement having the above structure exhibits good adhesion to the building base in any condition, which is the object of the present invention, it may be used on the general market depending on the conditions of use and the construction environment. It is also possible to use a mixture of various cement additives.Especially in environments that are prone to dryness, it is possible to extend the open time by adding and mixing a water retention agent.
This is the preferred method for obtaining defect-free workability.

Water retention agents include nonionic and cationic water-soluble polymers, specific examples of which include methylcellulose,
Examples include cellulose derivatives such as ethyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl cellulose, starch and starch derivatives, and nonionic synthetic polymers such as polyethylene oxide and polyacrylamide.Among these, methyl cellulose and cationic starch are used to improve dispersibility in cement paste and viscosity of cement paste. It is preferable in terms of stability and less influence on the hardening reaction of cement. Further, polyethylene oxide or polyacrylamide is preferable because it imparts water retention properties and tackiness to the adhesive and prevents the bonded ends of the nonwoven fabric from warping and peeling off. In particular, polyethylene oxide is particularly preferable because the degree of increase in viscosity upon addition is small.

From the viewpoint of imparting properties to the adhesive as described above, it is preferable to use polyethylene oxide or polyacrylamide, or to use them in combination with methylcellulose or cationic starch.

Polyethylene oxide has a molecular weight of 400,000 to 400
10,000, as polyacrylamide, the molecular weight is 5 million to 2
0,000,000 is preferable, and commercially available ones can be used.

The amount of water retention agent added to cement is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 1.5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of cement, preferably 0.
．． The amount is 2 to 1.0 parts by weight, particularly preferably 0.3 to 0.7 parts by weight. If the amount added is less than 0.1 part by weight, it is difficult to obtain an effective water retention effect, and if it exceeds 1.5 parts by weight, there is a risk of excessive thickening and retardation of hardening of the cement.

It is also possible to further add a cement quickening agent to the adhesive used in the present invention for the purpose of accelerating hardening at low temperatures such as in winter. This is a preferred method in the sense that it minimizes the possibility that the adherend will lift up.

Cement quick setting agents include commonly used carbonates such as sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, silicates such as sodium silicate and potassium silicate, chlorides such as calcium chloride and aluminum chloride, sodium sulfate and potassium sulfate. Among them, aluminates such as sulfates such as sulfates such as sodium aluminate and potassium aluminate are mentioned, but among them, aluminates are highly compatible with the adhesive used in the present invention and have no effect on workability. Give less (preferably).

When using a cement quick setting agent, the mixing ratio is 1:1 for cement.
0.00 parts by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2.0 parts by weight,
More preferably, it is 0.3 to 1.0 part.

If the blending ratio is less than 0.1 part, the effect of adding the quick-setting agent will not be fully exhibited, and if it exceeds 2.0 parts, the adhesive will become cohesive, resulting in poor workability. It becomes like this.

In the construction method of the present invention, the above-mentioned adhesive is used to adhere a nonwoven fabric, which serves as a breathable layer for discharging water vapor and air generated from the base to the outside world, to the surface of a building or structure to be waterproofed.

The ventilation layer made of non-woven fabric is either a single non-woven fabric or a layered composite of non-woven fabric and a backing material, and when it is spread on a building base, it has the function of allowing water vapor from the base moisture to be discharged through the open air opening. It is fine as long as it is something.

In order to prevent the adhesive from impairing the air permeability of the non-woven fabric, it is desirable that the thickness of the non-woven fabric is 1 part or more.In addition, in the present invention, since this is bonded with the above-mentioned cement-based adhesive, the non-woven fabric is made of an alkali-resistant material. Specifically, nonwoven fabrics made of polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyvinyl chloride are preferred.

The combination of the above-mentioned adhesive of the present invention and nonwoven fabric allows the nonwoven fabric to be firmly adhered to the architectural base in any condition, and the vapor pressure caused by evaporation of the moisture in the base quickly diffuses due to the ventilation layer made of the nonwoven fabric. Therefore, no cracks occur in the waterproof coating layer applied thereon.

All commercially available acrylic rubber-based, urethane rubber-based, chloroprene rubber-based, and acrylic resin-based film waterproofing agents can be used for the coating film waterproofing agent formed on the nonwoven fabric, but they are limited in their weather resistance and substrate crack tracking. From the viewpoint of properties, acrylic rubber-based coating film waterproofing agents are preferred.

Water vapor and the like can be discharged from the nonwoven fabric ventilation layer to the atmosphere through degassing cylinders or degassing disks arranged at appropriate intervals in the center, or by opening the nonwoven fabric layer at the edges.

Of course, these can be used in combination, and any form may be used as long as the internal pressure of the ventilation layer can be quickly released to the atmosphere and rainwater can be prevented from entering.

Here, the deaeration plate is preferably a commercially available Damo deaeration plate (made of sintered polyethylene resin, (f) self-equipped).

In addition, the spacing between the degassing cylinders or degassing plates is 9m! Install it at one location every 3m (3m interval) to 400m (20m interval).If you install it so that the concentration is 9mM or less, the number of decapitalization pipes, etc. will increase, and there will be no ventilation effect commensurate with that. If the area is larger than 100 cm, ventilation in the center will be insufficient and there is a risk that 7 creases will occur in some areas.

When draining from the rising part of the edge, etc., if there is a possibility that rainwater may enter, install a drainer and open the edge to the atmosphere.

Concrete) (PC) construction, poured construction of tiles, bricks, stones, etc., lightweight cellular concrete! J-) (ALC) construction and all other buildings that require waterproofing.

To explain in detail the construction method of the present invention, first, a nonwoven fabric is bonded to a building base using a cement adhesive.

The amount of adhesive applied is preferably 0.5 to 2.0#/m'',
More preferably, it is 1.0 to 1.5 l/m''. If the coating amount is too large, it will cause clogging of the ventilation layer, and if it is too small, the adhesion of the nonwoven fabric will be insufficient.

When using a degassing cylinder or a deaeration plate as the opening of the ventilation layer, cut the nonwoven fabric into an appropriate shape and fix the degassing cylinder or degassing plate there.The fixing method is mechanical fixation or adhesive. Any method such as fixing may be used.

When discharging from the edge of the nonwoven fabric, it is laid so as to cover the protruding edge at the edge of the roof, and the edge of the nonwoven fabric is exposed so that it is in contact with the atmosphere. By doing so, water vapor or air can be smoothly discharged.

Next, the paint film waterproofing agent is applied using a sprayer, roller, brush, etc., but it is also preferable to apply a primer in advance to improve the adhesion between the aeration sheet and the paint film waterproofing agent. Examples of the primer include water-based or solvent-based chlorine resins, acrylic resin solutions, and other materials that adhere well to both the coating film waterproofing agent and the breathable sheet.

The coating amount is approximately 01 to 5 kf/m'. The coating thickness of the waterproofing agent is preferably 0.3 to 5 days, more preferably 0.5 to 3 days.

If the film thickness is too thin, the ability to follow cracks in the base will be reduced, causing water leakage, and if the film thickness is increased, drying may be delayed or cracks may occur with solvent-based or water-based film waterproofing agents. It causes Even with other materials, excessive thickness
It is uneconomical because the performance does not improve compared to the cost.

After applying the waterproofing agent, it is possible to apply various protective materials for the purpose of protecting the waterproof layer, and this often produces favorable effects.

Examples of the protective material include solvent-based and water-based paints, mortar, resin mortar, and the like.

Next, the present invention will be explained in detail using examples.

All parts and percentages in the examples are by weight.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the examples.

In addition, all of the Examples were conducted on roof slabs that had been constructed for more than 10 years and were quite wet, and the test methods used in the Examples were as follows.

(1) Measuring the moisture content of the foundation framework that is waterproofed for buildings.

A foot moisture meter was used to measure the percentage of moisture contained in the base structure, which causes swelling.

(2) Adhesiveness of ventilated sheet The following items were evaluated when adhering with cement paste or the like.

1 Workability: For mixed use types, usable time, length of oven time, required degree of crimping, odor,
Comprehensively evaluated for toxicity, etc., and found to be very good.
The evaluation was categorized into ・, Good: ○, and Difficult to use: -×.

I have also noted what I think are weaknesses.

11 Adhesion condition: Very good condition after pasting the ventilation sheet... ◎, There are some slight lifts in some areas, but generally good condition...O1 There are several small lifts/100m" △, floating occurs over a fairly wide area・
...The evaluation was categorized as ×.

(3) Outdoor exposure test After being exposed outdoors for half a year, the presence or absence of spray generation was visually observed.

(4) Adhesion test For those exposed outdoors for half a year, a cut reaching the base of a 4cIrL corner was made and the adhesive strength was measured using a Kenken type adhesive strength tester.

In addition, the symbol of the fracture position in Tables 1 and 2 of the measurement results indicates the following: A: The nonwoven fabric is fractured M: The fracture occurs at the paint film waterproofing agent layer G-C: The fracture occurs at the interface between the base and the adhesive Example 1゜Cationic acrylic resin emulsion (solid content 40%) 2 on a base concrete slab containing 9% moisture
Immediately after applying the adhesive prepared by mixing 0 parts, 100 parts of cement, and 20 parts of water using a 1.5 ky/m' It was attached to serve as a ventilation layer. Adhesion was good except for the corners that were slightly raised due to the sheet warping.

The raised corners were corrected with adhesive.

The cationic acrylic emulsion was produced as follows.

50 parts of butyl acrylate, 50 parts of styrene, polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether (HL) as an emulsifier.
A composition consisting of 2 parts of B15.5), 1 part of lauryltrimethylammonium chloride, 0.5 part of 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride as a polymerization initiator, and 150 parts of water was heated at a temperature of 70°C. The polymer was polymerized for 5 hours by a conventional polymerization method.

After pasting the sheet, the sheet was cut into 50 mm diameter pieces at one location for every 100 mm, and a release cylinder was adhered thereto using epoxy adhesive.

Next, a chlorine resin solution was applied to the sheet at a rate of 0.2 kl/m", and after the resin had dried, an acrylic rubber coating film waterproofing agent was sprayed using air spray to a film thickness of 2cm, completing the waterproofing construction of the present invention. did.

This test site did not generate spray even after being exposed outdoors for half a year (
The adhesion strength in the process adhesion test was 4.5 kiln', and since the break occurred at the base material of the nonwoven fabric, a good adhesion state was maintained.

Example 2 The adhesive used in Example 1 was composed of 20 parts of cationic acrylic emulsion, 100 parts of ordinary Portland cement, and polyethylene oxide (commercial product, 1% aqueous solution, viscosity 1.9000).
PS) A sheet was pasted in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount was 0.5 parts and water was 25 parts. The adhesion condition was good.

Next, waterproofing was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the degassing cylinder was replaced with a degassing plate and the degassing plate was screwed, and the paint film waterproofing agent was changed to a urethane-based paint film waterproofing agent.

This waterproof part did not generate any spray even after being exposed outdoors for half a year (and the results of the adhesion test were also good).

Examples 6 to 4 As shown in Table 1, the results of waterproofing the coating film according to the specifications shown in Table 1 were all good.

Comparative Examples 1 to 4 As a result of carrying out waterproof coating construction according to the specifications shown in Table 2, compared to the coating waterproofing construction method discovered in the present invention, the adhesion of the sheet was incomplete, the adhesive strength was insufficient, and spraying occurred. It also had drawbacks such as poor workability due to odor, etc., and was extremely inferior in both cases.

Continuing from page 1 [Phase] Inventor Takashi Oguri @ Inventor Haruki Kawase 17-23 Showa-cho, Minato-ku, Nagoya City Toagosei Kagaku I-Gyo Co., Ltd. Nagoya Factory

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A coating film waterproofing and venting method in which a nonwoven fabric is attached to the surface of a building or a building and a coating film waterproofing agent is applied to the surface, characterized in that the nonwoven fabric is bonded using an adhesive made of a cationic emulsion and cement. A waterproof coating construction method with breathable properties.