JPS60137359A - Freezing operation device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a cryosurgical device using a vortex tube.

Conventionally used cryosurgical instruments have low temperature generation means including:
Phase change of low-temperature liquids, that is, utilizing latent heat and sensible heat during vaporization of low-temperature liquids, and adiabatic expansion of compressed high-pressure gas,
In other words, the Joule-Thoma effect
On effect).

Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a cryosurgical device that utilizes the phase change of a cryogenic liquid. is a freezing terminal connected to the tip of the freezer 3, and 5 is a heater built into the storage container 1. The heater 5 heats the low temperature liquid 2 to increase the pressure inside the storage container 1, and transfers the low temperature liquid 2 to the freezer 3.
It is for sending internally. A tube 6 is for supplying the low temperature liquid 2 to the freezer 3, and is insulated to reduce vaporization of the low temperature liquid 2. 7 is a valve for controlling the supply of the low temperature liquid 2. The freezing terminal 4 is made of copper with good thermal conductivity.

It is made of silver or platinum. The low temperature liquid 2 supplied into the freezer 3 is blown onto the inner surface of the frozen terminal 4 and vaporized, thereby cooling the frozen terminal 4.

8.9 is a pipe and valve for exhausting the low-temperature liquefaction vaporized within the freezer 3. The cryogenic liquid that has cooled and vaporized the frozen terminal 4 is discharged into the atmosphere through tubes 8 and 10. on the other hand,
In the figure, 11 is a pressure control pipe connected to the storage container 1, and a pressure control valve 12 is inserted in the middle of this pressure control pipe 11.

FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view of the vicinity of the frozen terminal 4. Cryoko 3 is 3
It consists of heavy concentric tubes, 13 is an outer tube, 14 is an exhaust pipe connected to the pipe 8, and 15 is a supply pipe connected to the pipe 6.

The cryogenic liquid 2 passing through the supply pipe 15 is connected to the freezing terminal 4
It is sprayed onto the inner surface of the frozen terminal 4, absorbs heat from the frozen terminal 4, and vaporizes. This vaporized low temperature liquid is discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust pipe 14. Between the outer pipe 13 and the exhaust pipe 14, the outer pipe 1
3. A vacuum section 16 is provided to reduce heat entering from the outside. E7, a thermometer 17 such as a thermocouple is attached to the internal pressure of the vacuum section 16 to monitor the temperature of the frozen terminal 4.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a cryosurgical device that utilizes adiabatic expansion of compressed high-pressure gas. Gases that can be used as coolants include Freon, laughing gas (N20), and carbon dioxide (CO2).Freon liquefies at low pressure, so it is stored in a liquid state in a coolant container. Both 50-60klz
It is stored in a coolant container as a high-pressure gas of about G.

FIG. 3 shows a cryosurgical device that uses Freon as a coolant, where 21 is a coolant container for storing the coolant (Freon), 22 is a cryostat, and 23 is a tube for supplying coolant to the cryobacus 22. , 24 are valves that control the supply amount and pressure of the coolant. Further, 25 is a part of a holder for holding the freezer 22 by hand, and 26 is a control valve for adjusting the amount of coolant supplied at hand. A freezing terminal 27 is connected to the tip of the freezing element 22 and is made of copper, silver, platinum, or the like with good thermal conductivity.

28 and 29 are exhaust pipes and valves for exhausting the coolant that has cooled the frozen terminal 27.

3θ is a vacuum pump connected to the exhaust pipe 28, which increases the differential pressure between the coolant supply pressure and the pressure inside the exhaust pipe 28 to enhance the cooling effect.

31 is a thermometer such as a thermocouple attached to monitor the temperature of the freezing terminal 27, and 32 is a temperature indicator that indicates the temperature.

As shown in FIG. 4, the freezer 22 is composed of double concentric tubes, 33 is a supply pipe which also serves as an outer tube, and 34 is an exhaust pipe. A constriction 9 portion 35 is formed at the inner tip of the supply pipe 33 .

Therefore, the high pressure refrigerant supplied to the freezer 22 is supplied to the supply pipe 3
3 and through the constriction part 35 into the frozen terminal 27 and expand, causing the frozen terminal 2 to
7. Cool. After cooling, the low-pressure coolant is exhausted through the exhaust pipe 34.

Conventional cryosurgery machines use liquid nitrogen as the coolant.

Expensive coolants such as Freon are used. In particular, liquid nitrogen is difficult to handle because it is a low-temperature liquid with a temperature of -196℃.
Because it vaporizes at room temperature, it is difficult to store it in a storage container for a long time. Also, laughing gas and carbon dioxide gas are 50 to 60 J/
z Difficult to handle as it must be stored in a container under high pressure of around G.

In addition, refrigerants such as liquid nitrogen, Freon, and laughing gas are asphyxiating and toxic, so when using a cryosurgical device indoors, the cryogen is exhausted from the cryostat, and the gasified refrigerant is removed outdoors. There was a risk that it would be harmful to the human body unless a device was installed to emit it to the human body.

The present invention was made based on these circumstances, and
The purpose of this is to use air as a refrigerant, which is cheap, easy to handle, and has no drawbacks such as suffocation or toxicity, and which can be used at low pressure to eliminate the difficulties of long-term storage. The purpose is to provide surgical instruments.

In order to achieve the above object, the cryosurgical device of the present invention is equipped with a vortex tube inside the cryostat that converts the gas flow into a turbulent swirling flow and separates it into low temperature gas and high temperature gas, and freezes the terminal with low temperature gas. It is configured to cool. Therefore, it is possible to use a gas such as air, which is inexpensive, easy to handle, and harmless to the human body. 'Also, since such gases can be used at low pressure, they can be easily stored.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 5, 6, and 7.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the gas supply system, exhaust system, and parts around the freezer. In the diagram, 40 represents approximately 10 gas such as air.
A compressor that compresses to about 17m2G, No. 4 is a high-pressure gas storage container that stores compressed high-pressure gas such as air,
42 and 43 are valves and pipes for sending gas from the compressor 40 to the storage container 41.

Further, 44 is a pressure gauge attached to the storage container 41 to monitor the pressure inside the container, and 45 and 46 are pressure gauges attached to the storage container 41.
These are a relief valve and a relief pipe to release gas when the internal pressure exceeds a certain pressure.

Further, 47 is a freezer, and 48 and 49 are control valves and supply pipes for supplying gas from the high-pressure gas storage container 41 to the freezer 47.

Furthermore, 50 is a freezing terminal to be brought into contact with a living body, and 51 and 52 are an exhaust valve and an exhaust pipe for exhausting gas after the freezing terminal 50 has been brought to a low temperature.

Further, 53 is a gas high temperature side exhaust pipe, and 54 is a part of a holder for holding the freezer 47.

55 is a thermometer such as a thermocouple for monitoring the temperature of the frozen terminal 50, and 56 is a temperature indicator.

Furthermore, 57 is an electric heater embedded in the freezing terminal 50, and after freezing the living body etc., the freezing terminal 57 attached to the lesion is heated.
It is used for the purpose of heating to release. 58 is a current supply device that supplies current to the electric heater 57.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the cryostat 47, and Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the cryostat 47.
FIG.

In the figure, 59 is an outer tube, 60 is an inner tube, and 61 is a spiral tube connected to the supply tube 49 and disposed in an annular space between the outer tube 59 and the inner tube 60. High pressure gas flows inside the spiral tube 61. Further, the annular space is connected to the pipe 52,
The low-temperature gas that has cooled the freezing terminal 50 flows inside the tube 61, and functions as a heat exchanger to lower the temperature of the gas inside the tube 61.

Reference numeral 62 denotes a gas storage portion communicating with the supply pipe 49 via the spiral pipe 61, 63 a nozzle for communicating between the gas storage portion 62 and the inner tube 60, and 64 a low temperature side orifice provided near the nozzle 63. , 65 is a high temperature side nozzle provided between the high temperature side exhaust pipe 53 and the inner pipe 60.

The gas storage portion 62 is provided within an annular protrusion 66 that protrudes from the outer periphery of the distal end of the inner tube 60 .

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the nozzles 63 are provided at several locations on the peripheral wall of the distal end of the inner tube 60, and are configured to equalize the inlet pressure of the gas storage section 62, that is, the nozzle 63. Each nozzle 63 is provided facing in the tangential direction of the wall surface of the inner tube 60, as shown in FIG.

The gas made low temperature in the pipe 61 is tangentially introduced into the inner pipe 6θ through the p1 nozzle 63 through the gas reservoir 62. The gas flowing into the inner tube 60 becomes a turbulent swirling flow, and the low temperature gas flows from the low temperature side orifice 64 to the high temperature side nozzle 6.
5, the high temperature gases separate and flow out. That is, the inner tube 60 and the spiral tube 61 constitute a vortex tube that converts the gas flow into a turbulent swirling flow and separates it into low-temperature gas and high-temperature gas.

After the low-temperature gas cools the freezing terminal 50, the remaining cold gas is applied to a high-pressure coolant through a pipe 61 (heat exchanger), and is discharged to the atmosphere through an exhaust pipe 52.

The high temperature gas passes through the interior of the inner tube 60, exits the high temperature side nozzle 65, and is discharged to the atmosphere from the exhaust pipe 53.

In addition, 67 in the figure is a heat insulating material made of nylon, etc., which has low thermal conductivity and is strong even at low temperatures, and is wrapped around the outside of the inner tube 60. It has a structure that does not heat low-temperature gas.

By configuring as described above, the frozen terminal 50 can be
It can be cooled down to about 30°F and can be applied to ophthalmology, otorhinolaryngology, dermatology, etc. In addition, air, which is inexpensive and easy to handle, can be used as a coolant, and there is no need to handle low-temperature liquids. Therefore, it is safe and there is no fear of frostbite, and there is no need for a heat insulating container, which simplifies the equipment. In addition, since there is no need to handle air as a refrigerant as a high-pressure gas, it is safe in terms of pressure and toxicity, and excellent effects can be obtained, such as no special handling or license required.

10- As described above, according to the present invention, air can be used as a refrigerant because it is inexpensive, easy to handle, and has no drawbacks such as suffocation or toxicity, and it can be used at low pressure, which eliminates the difficulty of long-term storage. It is possible to provide a cryosurgery device that can solve this problem.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 and 2 show a first conventional example, in which Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the cryosurgical device, Figure 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the freezing terminal, and Figures 3 and 4 are This shows a second conventional example, in which Fig. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a cryosurgical device, Fig. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the freezing terminal, and Figs. 5 to 7 show an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of the cryosurgical device, Fig. 6 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the cryo-terminal, and Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the cryosurgery device.
■It is a sectional view. 59...Outer tube, 60...Inner tube, 61...Spiral tube,
62... Gas storage part, 63... Nozzle, 64...
Low temperature side orifice, 65...High temperature side nozzle. Applicant Sub-Agent Patent Attorney Takehiko Suzue 11- Figure 3 58 Figure 6

Claims (1)

[Claims] A cryosurgical device characterized in that a vortex tube is installed inside the cryostat to separate the gas flow into low-temperature gas and high-temperature gas by converting the gas flow into a turbulent swirling flow, so that the frozen terminal is cooled with the low-temperature gas.