JPS6013317Y2 - fertilizer application machine - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention relates to a fertilizer applicator, and more specifically, it relates to an improvement in the fertilizer delivery section of the fertilizer applicator.

When applying fertilizer to field crops such as beets and corn, it is common to apply fertilizer at about 9 to 200 kp per 10 ares at the time of sowing, and add about 20 to 30 kg of fertilizer during growth.

For this reason, the fertilizer applicator needs to be able to adjust the amount of fertilizer applied over a wide range.

On the other hand, as work speeds increase, conventional scraping and discharging type fertilizer applicators not only cannot keep up with the work speed, but also have the disadvantage that the amount of fertilizer dispensed varies greatly depending on the speed.

As a countermeasure to these problems, a fertilizer applicator that combines a fixed-rate feeder with a continuously variable or multi-stage variable transmission has been proposed, but this has the drawbacks of complicating the mechanism and increasing the price.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a fertilizer applicator that has a simple mechanism and can adjust the amount of fertilizer over a wide range with good accuracy even during high-speed operation. A rotor equipped with radial partition blades made of an elastic material is rotatably supported in the provided feeding chamber, and a metering shutter along the rotating circumferential surface is provided above the rotor so that the gap can be freely adjusted in the axial direction. It is in.

The fertilizer applicator of this invention will be explained based on an embodiment shown in the drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a feeding chamber 2 is fixed to the lower end of the fertilizer hopper 1.

The fertilizer receiver above the feeding chamber 2 is in the hopper 1.
A dispersion port 22 is connected to the lower end of the dispersion port 22 and is connected to the lower end thereof.

A rotor 3 provided with a plurality of radial partition blades 31 made of synthetic resin or synthetic leather is rotatably supported in the middle of the feeding chamber 2 so as to be rotatable.

Since the front and rear inner surfaces of the feeding chamber 2 are close to the front and rear surfaces of the rotor 3, and the left and right inner surfaces are along the rotational circumferential surface of the partition blades of the rotor 3, it can be said that almost no fertilizer leaks from the gap between them.

The fertilizer receiver in the feeding chamber 2 is equipped with a metering shutter 4 at the entrance that extends around the rotating circumference of the partition blades of the rotor 3 and can be slid freely in the axial direction of the rotor 3. By sliding the shutter 4 and changing the gap, the fertilizer receiver can be adjusted. Adjust the amount.

If necessary, a screw conveyor 5 is installed at the bottom of the fertilizer hopper 1 so that the conveying section reaches the fertilizer receptacle 21 in the feeding chamber 2, and the fertilizer in the hopper 1 is actively fed into the feeding chamber 2.
send to.

In the case of granular fertilizer, there is a problem that shear force acts on the fertilizer granules between the rotor partition blade and the inner surface of the feeding chamber, resulting in overload and large wear, but the partition blade of this invention is highly elastic. , the trouble is less.

In particular, as shown in Fig. 3, if the partition blades 31' of the rotor 3' are formed from an elastic material such as rubber into a helical shape, this problem will not only be eliminated, but also the pulsating flow phenomenon during fertilizer delivery will be reduced. It is also possible to prevent uneven distribution.

In the case of a two-row fertilizer application machine, as shown in Fig. 4, feeding chambers 2 and 2' are provided at the front and lower ends of the V-shaped hopper 1, respectively, and the rotors 3 and 3' are fixed to a common rotating shaft 6. do.

A screw conveyor 5 extending back and forth at the bottom of the hopper 1
A shaft support allows for rotational drive.

The screw wire of the screw conveyor 5 is wound in opposite directions from the center back and forth, respectively, and ascends to the conveying end.

Feeding chambers 2, 2' are provided at both conveying ends of the screw wire 5.
The fertilizer receptacle is arranged close to the inlet 21.21'.

Since the screw conveyor 5 conveys the fertilizer and also performs a stirring action at the same time, it has the effect of distributing the fertilizer uniformly.

Although not shown, by coaxially connecting the fertilizer applicators for two ridges, a fertilizer for multiple ridges such as four ridges or six ridges can be easily obtained.

Next, fertilization by the fertilizer applicator of this invention will be explained.

When the metering shutter 4 is slid to set the gap and the fertilizer applicator is advanced while rotating the rotor 3, the fertilizer stored in the hopper 1 reaches the receiving hole 21 in the feeding chamber 2 due to its own weight or the screw conveyor 5. .

The fertilizer that has reached the receiving opening 21 is put into the partition space of the partition blade 31 of the rotor 3 in an amount corresponding to the gap opened in the metering shutter 4.

The fertilizer that has entered between the partition blades 31 of the rotor 3 is reliably removed by the rotation of the rotor 3 at the lower spreading port 2 of the feeding chamber 2.
It is sent to 2 and falls.

The amount of fertilizer applied, that is, the amount of fertilizer fed out, is adjusted by sliding the metering shutter 4 and changing the gap where the fertilizer enters the rotor 3 from the receiving hole 21, but it is not necessarily directly proportional to the amount slid.

However, the amount of sliding, that is, the amount of payout per rotation of the rotor 3 for the same gap, is constant even at high speeds compared to the conventional scrape-out type, and according to experiments, it is twice the conventional limit working speed. It was confirmed that the speed remained constant even at the working speed.

As mentioned above, the fertilizer applicator of this invention has a simple mechanism, so it can be manufactured at low cost, and it is also possible to apply fertilizer with high precision at a working speed more than twice that of conventional ones.

The partition blades of the rotor are made of elastic material in a beveled shape, which not only reduces troubles at the feeding section, but also reduces the pulsation of the fertilizer, resulting in more uniform distribution.

Further, the fertilizer applicator of this invention can be advantageously configured for use in multiple ridges.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the main parts of a fertilizer applicator according to an embodiment of this invention.
Fig. 2 is a cutaway perspective view of the feeding chamber shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a rotor in another embodiment, and Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of main parts of a two-furrow fertilizer applicator in another embodiment. It is. 1...Fertilizer hopper, 2...Feeding chamber, 21...Fertilizer receiver is inlet, 22...
・Spraying port, 3... Rotor, 31...
Partition blade, 4... Metering shutter, 5...
...screw conveyor.

Claims (4)

[Scope of utility model registration request] (1) A feeding chamber is provided connected to the lower end of the fertilizer hopper, a rotor equipped with a plurality of radially extending partition blades is provided in the feeding chamber so as to be freely rotatable, and the partition is placed above the rotor in the feeding chamber. A fertilizer applicator characterized in that a metering shutter is slidably disposed along a rotating surface of a blade, and the partition blade is made of an elastic material. (2) Utility Model Registration The fertilizer applicator according to claim 1, characterized in that the partition blades of the rotor are formed into a helical tooth shape. (3) In the fertilizer applicator according to claim 1 or 2 of the claims, a screw conveyor is disposed at the bottom of the fertilizer hopper formed in a ■-shape, and a screw conveyor is provided at the conveying end of the screw conveyor. The fertilizer application machine is characterized in that the fertilizer receptacle in the feeding chamber has an inlet placed close to it. (4) Utility model registration The fertilizer application machine according to claim 3, characterized in that feeding chambers are provided on both sides of the lower end of the fertilizer hopper, and the rotors of both feeding chambers are coaxial. .