JPS60126015A - Illuminator for growing plant - Google Patents
Illuminator for growing plantInfo
- Publication number
- JPS60126015A JPS60126015A JP58232422A JP23242283A JPS60126015A JP S60126015 A JPS60126015 A JP S60126015A JP 58232422 A JP58232422 A JP 58232422A JP 23242283 A JP23242283 A JP 23242283A JP S60126015 A JPS60126015 A JP S60126015A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- discharge lamp
- power
- period
- lighting
- light
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の技術分野〕
この発明は植物の生育に必要な光を供給する人工照明装
置に関するものであり、放電灯を光源として用い、高効
率化を図るものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to an artificial lighting device that supplies light necessary for plant growth, and uses a discharge lamp as a light source to achieve high efficiency.
生育環境を制御した植物（主に農作物）の生育施設では
、生長に必要な光を人工照明で、あるいは太陽光を主と
し９人工照明でそれを補うなどにより供給する方法が提
案されている。この柚の照明装置として、植物の生育メ
カニズムの研究から夜間と昼間に相当する′明暗リズム
を考慮し適切な照明が行なえるようにした装置が特開′
昭５５−２９９９１号に開示されている。この装置はは
ソ昼間と夜間に相当する周期で栽培植物を天井ランプの
真下の高照度の位置と、これらのランプの中間にあたる
低照度の位置を通過するようにしたものである。In facilities for growing plants (mainly agricultural products) in which the growth environment is controlled, methods have been proposed in which the light necessary for growth is supplied by artificial lighting, or by using sunlight as the main source and supplementing it with artificial lighting. As a lighting device for this yuzu tree, a device that allows for appropriate lighting by taking into account the 'light-dark rhythm' corresponding to night and day, based on research into the growth mechanism of plants, has been published in a Japanese patent publication.
It is disclosed in No. 55-29991. This device allows cultivated plants to pass through a high-illuminance position directly below a ceiling lamp and a low-illuminance position between these lamps at intervals corresponding to daytime and nighttime.
これは前述のように昼間に相当する高照度で光合成を促
進し、低照度の時に光合成産物の転流を行なうという原
理に基づいたものである。As mentioned above, this is based on the principle that photosynthesis is promoted at high illuminance corresponding to daytime, and photosynthetic products are translocated at low illuminance.
ところが、この従来装置において照明電力費は栽培費用
の大きな部分を占めていた。However, in this conventional device, lighting power costs accounted for a large portion of cultivation costs.
また、放電ランプを高周波点灯し、かつ周期的に消灯期
間を設けて点灯装置が特開昭４７−２１９７９号に開示
されているが、これに単に放電ランプの調光を行なうに
すぎないものである。Further, although a lighting device is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 47-21979 in which a discharge lamp is lit at high frequency and periodic periods are set to turn off the lamp, this device merely controls the dimming of the discharge lamp. be.
一方光合成作用について述べると、植物の光合成は岩波
洋造者「光合成の世界」（講談社）等の刊行物に記され
ているように光化学反応と熱化学反応とによって行なわ
れる。前者の反応には光を必要とするが後者の反応には
光を必要としなく。On the other hand, regarding photosynthesis, photosynthesis in plants is carried out through photochemical reactions and thermochemical reactions, as described in publications such as Yozo Iwanami's ``The World of Photosynthesis'' (Kodansha). The former reaction requires light, but the latter reaction does not.
条件によっても異なるが光化学反応は数１０μｓ熱化学
反応はこれより長く数１０ ｍ Ｓの応答時間をもつこ
とが知られており、これは昼間、夜間に対応する明暗リ
ズムとは全く異なる反応時間である。Although it varies depending on the conditions, it is known that photochemical reactions have a response time of several tens of microseconds, while thermochemical reactions have a longer response time of several tens of milliseconds, which is a completely different reaction time from the light-dark rhythm that corresponds to daytime and nighttime. be.
この発明は上述の光合成メカニズムの解明により萌らか
にされた原理を利用して、植物に照明することにより大
幅な省電力を図ることのできる装置を提供するものであ
る。即ち、上述の原理により“明“期には放電ランプを
高周波でかつ瞬時電力をその放電ランプの定格電力より
太きくＩ、、：明゛期は放電ランプを消灯あるいは定格
電力より小さな電力で点灯維持させる装置である。The present invention utilizes the principle developed through elucidation of the above-mentioned photosynthetic mechanism to provide a device that can significantly save power by illuminating plants. That is, according to the above-mentioned principle, during the "light" period, the discharge lamp is operated at a high frequency and the instantaneous power is greater than the rated power of the discharge lamp.During the "light" period, the discharge lamp is turned off or turned on with less power than the rated power. It is a device that maintains
以下この発明を実施例によシ詳細に説明する。 The present invention will be explained in detail below using examples.
第１図は植物育成施設における照明装置の概念を示す図
である。図において、（１）は植物育成施設。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the concept of a lighting device in a plant growing facility. In the figure, (1) is a plant cultivation facility.
（２ａ）・・・・・・（２Ｃ）４ｄ放電ランプを備えた
照明器具。(2a)...(2C) A lighting fixture equipped with a 4d discharge lamp.
（３）は栽培植物である。(3) is a cultivated plant.
第２因はこの発明による照明装置の一実施例を示し１図
において、（４）は直流電源、（５）は放電ランプ（７
）を高周波点灯するだめの高周波電源であり。The second factor is the lighting device according to the present invention. In Figure 1, (4) is a DC power supply, (5) is a discharge lamp (7).
) is a high-frequency power source used for high-frequency lighting.
コイル（５１）、）ランジスタ（５２１、（５３） 、
このトランジスタ（５２１、（５３）のペース抵抗（５
４） 、 ！５５１ 、コンデンサ（５６） 、出カド
ランス（５７）、その２次巻線（５８） 、帰還巻線（
５９１，でプッシュプル形トランジスタインバータを構
成している。（６）は明暗の制御を行なう明暗制御装置
であり、全波整流器（６１） 。Coil (51), ) transistor (521, (53),
The pace resistor (5) of this transistor (521, (53)
4), ! 551, capacitor (56), output transformer (57), its secondary winding (58), feedback winding (
591 constitutes a push-pull type transistor inverter. (6) is a brightness control device that controls brightness and darkness, and is a full-wave rectifier (61).
トランジスタ（６２１、駆動回路（６３）からなり、ト
ランジスタ（６２）がＯ〜すると放電ランプ（７）は点
灯状態、即ち“明“の状態となる。It consists of a transistor (621) and a drive circuit (63), and when the transistor (62) turns O~, the discharge lamp (7) enters a lighting state, that is, a "bright" state.
第４図は動作説明のだめの図であり、（イ）は放電ラン
プ（７）の１′流を、（鵡は放電ランプ（７）の光出力
を模式図的に表現したものである。FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the operation; (A) schematically represents the 1' current of the discharge lamp (7), and (A) schematically represents the light output of the discharge lamp (7).
第２図の装置において、直流電源（４）が投入されると
、高周波電源（５）は出カドランス（５７）の帰還巻１
１１ （５９１の作用により周知の如く自励発振し、高
周波出力電圧を発生する。ここで明暗制御装置（６）の
トランジスタ（６２）がＯＮ状態であれば放電ランプ・
（７）に霜、流が流れ、第４図（ロ）の“明゛部の如く
光出力が発生する。−ｔｆｃトランクスタ（６２）がＯ
ＦＦ状態となる。ここで“明“と“暗“の期間１１，１
．。In the device shown in Fig. 2, when the DC power supply (4) is turned on, the high frequency power supply (5) is activated by the feedback winding 1 of the output transformer (57).
11 (by the action of 591, it self-oscillates as well known and generates a high frequency output voltage. Here, if the transistor (62) of the brightness control device (6) is in the ON state, the discharge lamp
(7), frost and current flow, and light output is generated as shown in the bright part of Figure 4 (b).-TFC trunk star (62) is turned on.
The state becomes FF. Here, the “light” and “dark” periods 11, 1
．． .
の期間の比は光合成反応だけでは１−１００及至１ ：
１０００程度に設定出来るが、説明の都合上１１とｔ
。＝１：９にしだとし、また放電ランプ（７）の定格電
力を１００Ｗとする。すると“明“期に於ては放電ラン
プ（７）の消費電力を定格電力の１０倍（１００ＯＷ）
としても、この放電ラングは平均消費電力け１００Ｗと
なり定格電力を越えないこのように“明“期に、瞬時電
力を定格電力より増加させることにより、放電ランプ（
７）の光出力は第４図（口］に示すように、“暗“期な
しで定格電力で点灯した時の値Ｆｏより、高いＦｌを得
ることが、放電ランプを、あまり過負荷にせずにできる
。The ratio of periods is 1-100 and 1 for photosynthetic reactions alone:
It can be set to about 1000, but for the sake of explanation, set it to 11 and t.
. = 1:9, and the rated power of the discharge lamp (7) is 100W. Then, in the "light" period, the power consumption of the discharge lamp (7) is 10 times the rated power (100OW).
However, the average power consumption of this discharge lamp is 100W, and the rated power is not exceeded.In this "light" period, by increasing the instantaneous power above the rated power, the discharge lamp (
7) As shown in Figure 4, the light output of 7) is higher than the value Fo when the lamp is lit at the rated power without a "dark" period.It is important to obtain a higher Fl without overloading the discharge lamp. Can be done.
これは“明“、暗“の繰返し周期Ｔが比較的短かいため
に実現できるものであり昼間と夜間に相当するような長
時間では、このような過負荷は困難である。This can be achieved because the repetition period T of "light" and "dark" is relatively short, and such an overload is difficult to achieve over a long period of time corresponding to daytime and nighttime.
次に他の実施例について説明する。Next, other embodiments will be described.
上記では“暗“期には放電ランプに電流を流さなかった
が若干の電流を流し放電維持させるようにしたものでも
よく、特に放電ランプとしてＨＩＤランプを用いた場合
に適切である。これを実現する装置の一例としては第５
図に示す如く、第２図の装置に補助インピーダンス（８
）を明暗制御装置（６）と並列に接続する方法がある。Although no current was applied to the discharge lamp during the "dark" period in the above example, it may be possible to apply a small amount of current to maintain the discharge, which is particularly suitable when an HID lamp is used as the discharge lamp. An example of a device that achieves this is the fifth
As shown in the figure, an auxiliary impedance (8
) is connected in parallel with the light/dark control device (6).
次に他の実施例を説明すると、第３図は他の実施例を示
し、１台の高周波電源で複数の放電ランプに電力を供給
する装置である。図において（６ａ）・・・・・・・（
６Ｃ）は明暗制御装置であり、ｆ７ａ）・・・・・・・
・（７Ｃ）は放電ランプである。この装置において、前
述の如く“明“期ｔ１は“暗“期ｔ。Next, another embodiment will be described. FIG. 3 shows another embodiment, in which a single high-frequency power source supplies power to a plurality of discharge lamps. In the figure (6a)...
6C) is a brightness control device, f7a)...
・(7C) is a discharge lamp. In this device, as described above, the "light" period t1 is the "dark" period t.
よりけるかに短かいので複数ランプに同時に電力を供給
しないように明暗制御装置を動作させれば高周波電源の
容量の増加も殆どない。Since the length is much shorter, if the light/dark control device is operated so as not to supply power to multiple lamps at the same time, there will be little increase in the capacity of the high frequency power source.
次に“明“期ｔ１と・暗−期ｔ０の設定であるがｔｌは
高周波電源（５）の出力電流の１サイクル以上放電ラン
プに流さないと安定な放電を行ないに＜〈、高周波点灯
としての利点を発揮するためには高周波点灯の周波数は
２〜３ ｋ）（ｚ以上が必要な点などから最短期間が定
まるが周波数が高くても一般にｔ、≧１００μｓ程度が
妥当である。また暖期ｔ。は、従来の研究では数１０ｍ
５熱化学反応に要するとなっている。このｔ。を数１０
秒などのように長くすると放電ランプは点滅を繰シ返す
ことと等価になり、短寿命になってしｉう恐れれがある
。従がって放電ランプが低圧放電ランプの場合と高圧放
電ランプの場合で異なるが・暗−期に完全に電流を遮断
する装置ではｔ。は低圧放電ランプでも数１００ｍ６以
下が適切である。Next, the "light" period t1 and the dark period t0 are set. tl is the output current of the high frequency power supply (5), which must be passed through the discharge lamp for more than one cycle to ensure stable discharge. In order to take advantage of the advantages of high frequency lighting, the frequency of high frequency lighting is 2 to 3 k) (z or more is required, so the minimum period is determined, but even if the frequency is high, generally t ≧ 100 μs is appropriate. The period t is several tens of m in conventional research.
It is required for 5 thermal chemical reactions. This t. number 10
If it is made longer, such as seconds, the discharge lamp will be equivalent to repeatedly blinking, and there is a risk that the lifespan will be shortened. Therefore, it differs depending on whether the discharge lamp is a low-pressure discharge lamp or a high-pressure discharge lamp, but in the case of a device that completely cuts off the current during the dark period. Even for low-pressure discharge lamps, an appropriate value is several hundred m6 or less.
しかし、繰返１−周期Ｔは育成施設で作業する人体への
影響（不快なフリッカ）ヲ避ける点がらｆ−￥は５〜２
０サイクル／秒は好ましくない。さらに言えば、ｆ）５
０サイクル／秒であれば１通常フリッカとして視覚が感
じにくくなるのでこれに相当するＴく２０ｆｎＳ程度に
設定してもよい。However, in order to avoid the effect (unpleasant flicker) on the human body working in the breeding facility, the repetition 1-period T is 5 to 2
0 cycles/sec is not preferred. Furthermore, f)5
If it is 0 cycles/sec, it becomes 1 normal flicker and becomes difficult to perceive visually, so it may be set to T which corresponds to this and about 20fnS.
放電ランプの点灯時の電力は、第４図（ロ）のＦｌをＦ
ｏよすどの程度大きく得られるかに影響する点灯中の照
度を高く、かつ照明器具台数の節約などの点から少なく
ともＦ１／Ｆｏ〉２以上に設定することが好ましく、た
とえば、定格電力の２倍以上の電力を点灯中に供給する
などでよい。The electric power when lighting the discharge lamp is determined by changing Fl in Figure 4 (b) to F.
It is preferable to set the illuminance during lighting to be high, which affects how much illuminance can be obtained, and to at least F1/Fo〉2 from the point of view of saving the number of lighting equipment, for example, twice the rated power. The above amount of power may be supplied during lighting.
実施例の説明では、プッシュプル形トランジスタインバ
ータを高周波電源として用いたが、これは、使用する放
電ランプを高周波点灯できるものであればよく、明暗制
御装置も放電ランプに電力を供給する期間を適切に設定
できるものであればよい。また、放電ランプが螢光ラン
プなどの低圧放電ランプであれば電極の予熱手段を付加
してもよい。また高圧放電ランプであればランプ始動時
に高電圧を印加させるなどの手段を付加してもよい。In the explanation of the embodiment, a push-pull type transistor inverter was used as a high-frequency power source, but it may be any type that can light the discharge lamp to be used at high frequency, and the light/dark control device can also control the period for supplying power to the discharge lamp appropriately. It suffices if it can be set to . Further, if the discharge lamp is a low-pressure discharge lamp such as a fluorescent lamp, electrode preheating means may be added. Further, in the case of a high-pressure discharge lamp, means such as applying a high voltage when starting the lamp may be added.
さらに、この発明の装置は、植物の光合成では昼間期に
相当するので夜間期を設は長時間消灯維持するように例
えば２４時間周期で動作させる装置を付加してもよい。Further, the device of the present invention may be provided with a device that operates on a 24-hour cycle, for example, so as to keep the lights off for a long time during the nighttime period, which corresponds to the daytime period for photosynthesis in plants.
以上のようにこの発明の装置によれば、放電ランプから
光合成に於ける光化学反応を促進する大出力と、熱化学
反応を容易にさせる暖期を交互に設け、かつ暖期の方が
大出力が発生時より期間を長くしているので植物育成に
おける照明電力を大幅に少なくできるという利点を有す
る。As described above, according to the device of the present invention, the high output from the discharge lamp to promote photochemical reactions in photosynthesis and the warm period to facilitate thermochemical reactions are provided alternately, and the output is higher in the warm period. Since the period is longer than when it occurs, it has the advantage that the lighting power required for growing plants can be significantly reduced.
麺１因は植物育成施設の概念説明図、第２図はこの発明
の一実施例を示す回路図、第３−は他の実施例を示すブ
ロック必、第４図は動作説明用図、第５図はさらに他の
実施例を示す回路囚である。
図中 （５）は高周波電源、（６）は明暗制御装置、（
７）は放電ランプを示し、同一符号は同一または相当部
分を示す。
代理人大岩増雄The first reason for the noodles is a conceptual explanatory diagram of a plant cultivation facility, the second is a circuit diagram showing one embodiment of this invention, the third is a block diagram showing another embodiment, the fourth is a diagram for explaining the operation, and the fourth is a diagram for explaining the operation. FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing still another embodiment. In the figure, (5) is a high-frequency power supply, (6) is a brightness control device, (
7) indicates a discharge lamp, and the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts. Agent Masuo Oiwa
Claims (1)
電源の出力で点灯する放電ランプと、前記高周波電源の
電力を大小の２通りに制御し、この大小の電力を交互に
前記放電ランプに供給する明暗制御装置とを備え、この
明暗制御装置は前記放′屯ランプに供給する電力の大ｌ
る期間をｔｌ、この時の電力をＰｌ、前記放電ランプ点
灯周波数を１／に、前記放電ランプの冗格電力なＰとし
た時Ｐ １／Ｐ〉２でかつｔ ｌ ′：２にの条件を満
足するように制御することを特徴とする植物育成用照明
装置０（２）明暗制御装置が１１２１００７１８の条件
を満足するように制御することを特徴とする特許請求の
範囲第１項記載の植物育成用照明装置０（３）放電ラン
プに供給する電力の小なる期間をｔｏとした時、明暗制
御装置がｔｏ＋１ｔ＜２０ｆ７Ｌｓの条件を満足するよ
うに制御することを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項ま
たは第２項記載の植物育成用照明装置。(11) A high-frequency power source that outputs high-frequency power, a discharge lamp that is lit by the output of this high-frequency power source, and the power of the high-frequency power source is controlled in two ways, large and small, and this large and small power is alternately supplied to the discharge lamp. a brightness/darkness control device, the brightness/darkness control device controls the amount of power supplied to the radiation lamp.
When the period of time is tl, the power at this time is Pl, the lighting frequency of the discharge lamp is 1/, and the redundant power of the discharge lamp is P, then P1/P>2 and tl':2. 0(2) A plant cultivation lighting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the light/dark control device is controlled so as to satisfy the conditions of 112100718. Nurturing lighting device 0 (3) When the short period of power supplied to the discharge lamp is to, the brightness/darkness control device performs control so as to satisfy the condition of to+1t<20f7Ls. The lighting device for growing plants according to item 1 or 2.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58232422A JPS60126015A (en) | 1983-12-09 | 1983-12-09 | Illuminator for growing plant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58232422A JPS60126015A (en) | 1983-12-09 | 1983-12-09 | Illuminator for growing plant |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60126015A true JPS60126015A (en) | 1985-07-05 |
| JPH0241300B2 JPH0241300B2 (en) | 1990-09-17 |
Family
ID=16939009
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58232422A Granted JPS60126015A (en) | 1983-12-09 | 1983-12-09 | Illuminator for growing plant |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60126015A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02128624A (en) * | 1988-11-07 | 1990-05-17 | Shoji Ito | Plant growth auxiliary device using stroboscopic tube |
| WO2001066201A1 (en) | 2000-03-06 | 2001-09-13 | Cairos Technologies Ag | Device for detecting the position and/or movement of objects and/or living things |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS52102127A (en) * | 1976-02-25 | 1977-08-26 | Ushio Electric Inc | Plant growing method and its light source device |
-
1983
- 1983-12-09 JP JP58232422A patent/JPS60126015A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS52102127A (en) * | 1976-02-25 | 1977-08-26 | Ushio Electric Inc | Plant growing method and its light source device |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02128624A (en) * | 1988-11-07 | 1990-05-17 | Shoji Ito | Plant growth auxiliary device using stroboscopic tube |
| WO2001066201A1 (en) | 2000-03-06 | 2001-09-13 | Cairos Technologies Ag | Device for detecting the position and/or movement of objects and/or living things |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0241300B2 (en) | 1990-09-17 |
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