JPS601230Y2 - supercharged engine - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention relates to supercharged engines, and more specifically, the present invention provides a valve device for supercharged engines that can effectively rotate the turbocharger turbine when the engine is running at low speeds and under low load. This is the odor that permeates the supercharged engine, which has been improved to allow for easier valve opening.

A single-exhaust supercharged engine uses exhaust gas from the engine to rotate a turbine, and a compressor driven by the turbine supplies intake air.

However, in this type of supercharged engine, when the rotational speed is very low and the load is low, the turbine does not operate properly because the exhaust energy is also small.

Therefore, at low rotation speeds and low fish load, this acts as a type of resistance, and due to the poor intake air supply, at low load, the fuel consumption of a supercharged engine is lower than that of a non-supercharged engine. This will be worse than the engine's fuel efficiency.

Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, as shown in FIG.
, lb, when the engine is at low rotation speed and low load, the exhaust flow velocity is set to rotate the turbine 2a by closing one passage 1a with a valve device and concentrating the exhaust gas on the other passage 1b, That is, a supercharged engine has been developed that effectively rotates the turbine 2a by increasing energy from exhaust gas.

However, since the valve device 4a shown in FIG. 1a is a butterfly valve, 1. The disadvantage is that the valve plate is not durable because it is easily deformed due to bending and the fulcrum part is easily worn out.

Further, a poppet valve is adopted as the valve device 4b shown in FIG. 1, but since this valve is located in one of the divided passages 1a when the valve is opened, it becomes a resistance to the flow of exhaust gas, and the expected exhaust energy is I can't get 1.

Therefore, in order to solve these problems, as shown in FIG.
A valve device 4c consisting of a poppet valve force is disposed outside one of the divided passages 1a, and when the valve is opened, the -, side passage 1 is disposed.
If the valve is opened on the outside of the passage 1a, there is no resistance to the flow of exhaust gas in one passage 1a, so that the desired exhaust energy can be obtained.

However, when the valve device 4C is arranged in this way, when the valve is closed, gas pressure P acts as shown in the figure, and one passage 1a
A differential pressure is generated between the internal pressure P2 and the internal pressure P2.

Therefore, the valve opening/closing mechanism of this valve device operates as follows:
1, the valve must be opened against the pressure of 1, and it is also necessary to take measures to prevent the heat of the valve or carbon from adhering to the valve seat, resulting in an extremely large size.

Therefore, in this invention, the exhaust passage where the turbine is located is divided into multiple passages from the vicinity of the turbine inlet to the turbine nozzle, and even if the valve opening/closing mechanism of the valve device that opens and closes a part of the passage is miniaturized, the exhaust pressure The purpose of the present invention is to provide a supercharged engine that can easily open the valve without being affected by the

The present invention, which is distantly related to this purpose, divides the passage leading to the turbine nozzle of the turbine into a plurality of independent passages,
A valve body that opens against exhaust pressure is provided in a part of the passage, and the valve body is opened and closed according to the engine speed and load to change the flow rate of exhaust gas to the turbine nozzle. In an engine, □:11 the valve body has a valve plate that contacts the valve seat at its outer periphery and has a conduction hole inside the waist that connects the upstream and downstream sides of the one-way passage, and when the valve body is closed, the valve plate The closed valve is closed, and when the valve is opened, the valve is opened before the valve plate opens.
The supercharged engine is characterized by having a jE valve, a valve stem having a valve plate lift portion, and a valve driving device that lifts the valve stem when the valve body is opened.

2 to 5 to explain an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2, a turbine 2a of a supercharger 2 is located in an exhaust passage 1 of an engine.

The exhaust passage 1 has a plurality of passages, for example, a second passage 1a, between the vicinity of the inlet of the turbine 2a and the multi-engine nozzle 3.
, lb, each passage 1a', '1'
b is narrowed so that the passage cross-sectional area becomes narrow near the turbine nozzle 3.

Of the passages 1a and lb thus formed, the first passage 1a is opened and closed by a valve device 4 depending on the operating state of the engine.

That is, □When the engine is rotating at low speed and low load, the exhaust pipe must be small enough to rotate the turbine 2a. □Since the force is not 1S, in this state, the valve device 4 & Mainly block one passage 1a and close the other passage 1a.
Concentrate Ulki'c on b.

Then, by flowing the exhaust gas with increased flow velocity from the turbine nozzle 3 to the turbine 2a, the turbine 2a is effectively rotated, and intake air is supplied to the engine by a compressor (not shown), and when the engine reaches high speed rotation, the valve device 4 By opening one passage 1a, the exhaust gas with increased energy is dispersed to each passage 1a and 1b, and the turbine 2a
so that it turns.

If the supercharger is controlled according to the operating state of the engine in this manner, an engine with good fuel efficiency can be obtained.

To explain the valve device 4 used as described above, a valve seat 5 is formed at the entrance of the one passage 1a.

This valve seat 5 has a poppet-shaped valve body 6 attached to one passage 1.
The valve body 6 is seated from the outside of the valve a, that is, from the upstream side of the exhaust gas, and the valve body 6 is forced to move in the vertical direction in FIG. 2 by the valve stem 7.

The valve stem 7 is connected to a valve driving device 8 for actuating the valve body 6, for example, a fluid source 10 connected to the solenoid valve 1 from a chamber '9 shown in FIG.
Valve opening direction □ by inflowing pressure fluid through 1
When the pressure fluid is removed, the spring 12 moves the valve in the valve closing direction.

At this time, the electromagnetic valve 11 is controlled by a switch 13 that is turned on and off depending on the position of the accelerator, fuel valve control rack, etc.

It should be noted that the valve opening/closing device 8 may be an electric device such as a solenoid or a small motor other than that in this embodiment.

Now, for example, the conduction mechanism 14 provided at the connecting portion between the valve body 6 and the valve stem 7 will be explained.

This conduction mechanism 14 is provided to release the differential pressure between the one passage 1a and the upstream exhaust passage 1 prior to opening the valve.

To explain this in detail with reference to FIG. 3, a through hole 6a is formed in the center of the valve body 6, and a conical closed hole 15a at the tip of the valve stem 7 and an inverted conical valve. A conductive body 15 is formed by connecting the stopper i'15b with a connecting portion 15c having a smaller diameter than the conductive hole 6a, and the closed hole 15a of the conductive body 15 and the most frayed conductive hole of the stopper portion 15b are connected to the stopper i'15b. The diameter of the conductor 15 is larger than that of the conductor 6a, and the conductor 15 is loosely fitted into the conductor hole 6a.

More specifically, in this discussion, the valve body 6 (valve plate) and the valve stem 7 that supports it are not directly fixed, but when the valve stem 1 moves slightly, the valve In order to allow the body 6 to move and perform the intended operation of the valve body 6, an idle section, so-called a valve plate lift section, is formed.

This valve body 6, that is, the valve plate, is provided with a conduction hole 6a that connects the upper and lower surfaces thereof, and a shutoff valve (closed hole portion 15a provided at the tip of the valve body 7) is provided in this conduction hole 6a. Ori,
This shutoff valve has a function of opening before the valve body 6, ie, the valve plate, opens to remove the differential pressure between the upper and lower sides of the valve body 6.

In this embodiment, a connecting portion 15c in which the tip of the valve stem 7 is made smaller in diameter than the through hole 6a &;
A closing part 15a (a part that completely closes the conduction hole 6a when the valve body 6 is closed) and a stop part 15b (a part of the valve plate) that constitute a closing valve are provided at intervals in that part. A portion for preventing the valve plate from coming off) is formed, and a lift portion, which is a play area of the valve plate, is formed between the closed hole portion 15a and the stop portion 15b.

Therefore, the present invention includes a valve plate as a valve body, a communication hole provided in the valve plate, a closed hole valve that opens and closes the communication hole, and an idle section between the valve plate and the valve stem. It consists of valve stems that are connected with a lift part, and is characterized in that it is provided with means for opening the through hole before the valve plate is actuated, and a valve driving device that lifts the valve stem. There is.

The closed-hole valve may have the function of releasing the differential pressure between the front and back surfaces of the valve plate prior to opening the valve plate, and therefore has the function of opening in accordance with the movement of the valve stem. You may also have other formats if you have them.

Now, in the embodiments of FIGS. 2 and 3, now,
When the valve is closed, a conductor 15 is attached to the lower edge of the conductor hole 6a of the valve body 6.
The closed hole portion 15a is in contact with the closed hole portion 15a.

When exhaust gas flows through the exhaust passage 1 in this state, the exhaust passes through the other passage 1b and rotates the turbine 2b, so that one passage 1a becomes in a negative pressure state.

On the other hand, since exhaust pressure acts in the exhaust passage 1 below the valve body 6, the pressure in the passage above and below the valve body 6 becomes Pi>P2, and the exhaust pressure P□ This forces the valve body 6 against the valve seat 5.

However, when the valve stem 7 starts descending to open the valve due to the chamber 9, the valve body 6 is held in its position by the action of the exhaust pressure P1, and only the conductor 15 is placed at the virtual line position in FIG. go down to

Therefore, since the conduction hole 6a is opened, one of the passages 1
The pressure difference between a and the exhaust passage 1 disappears, and the exhaust pressure P of the valve body 6
The pressing force caused by 1 suddenly weakens.

From this state, if the valve stem 7 is further lowered into the chamber 9, the valve body 6 will easily separate from the valve seat 5.
: Since the valve body 6 and the valve stem 7 are in a state where the conductor 15 is loosely fitted into the conduction hole 6a, for example, as shown in FIG. 16 is preferably used to prevent the valve body 6 from wobbling.

In addition, when the valve opens, the valve stem 7 lowers, causing the conductor 1
The valve of No. 5 can be removed momentarily by the stop part 15b, but it can be removed by the through hole 6a.
Therefore, as shown in Fig. 4, the conductor 15
A bypass hole 15d is bored in the valve opening 15d, or a bypass groove 15 is formed in the outer periphery of the stopper 15b as shown in FIG.
It is preferable to form e.

As described above, according to the present invention, even if the valve opening/closing mechanism of the valve device is downsized, the valve can be easily opened without being affected by exhaust pressure.

Therefore, the exhaust passage is opened and closed quickly in response to the operating state of the engine, so that a good operating state can always be obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1a, b, and c are cross-sectional views showing the valve device in a conventional supercharged engine, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the valve device in the supercharged engine of the present invention, and Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the valve device in the supercharged engine of the present invention. A cross-sectional view showing the conduction mechanism, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are a cross-sectional view and a perspective view showing other embodiments. 1...Exhaust passage, 2...Supercharger, 2a
... Turbine, 3... Turbine nozzle, 1a... One passage, 1b... Other passage, 4... Valve device, 6...Valve body,
14... Conduction mechanism, Pl... Exhaust pressure.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] The passage leading to the turbine nozzle of the turbine that makes up the supercharged engine is divided into multiple independent passages, and some of the passages are equipped with valve bodies that open against exhaust pressure to control the speed and load of the engine. In an engine configured to open and close the valve body accordingly to change the flow rate of exhaust gas to the turbine nozzle,
The valve body has a valve plate that contacts the valve seat at its outer periphery and has a conduction hole therein that connects the upstream and downstream sides of some of the passages, and the conduction hole is closed when the valve body is closed. and a closed-hole valve that opens before the valve plate opens when the valve opens, a valve stem that includes a valve plate lift part, and a valve drive device that lifts the valve stem when the valve body opens. A supercharged engine characterized by having.