JPS60115151A - Nickel-hydrogen battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the captioned battery of high reliability even for a space satellite or a flying machine subjected to severe vibrations and impacts by mounting a layer-built battery on a pressurized casing through an elastic-fixing member. CONSTITUTION:Many unit cells are built-up in layers by means of clamp members such as a retainer plate 6, a bolt 7 and a nut 8. A diaphragm-type elastic- fixing member 10 is attached to a layer-built battery 9, while a round bottomed enclosure of the diaphragm-type elastic-fixing member 10 is connected to the inner face of a pressurized casing 12 so as to have elasticity in the orthogonal direction to the radial direction of the pressurized casing 12. Thereby, the vibrations or impacts from outside can be absorbed by the elastic-fixing member so as not to mechanically damage the layer-built battery 9 while also preventing stress damage in the welded part of the elastic-fixing member and the pressurised-casing 12.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a nickel-metal hydride battery.

Nickel-metal hydride batteries, which use a nickel electrode as the positive electrode and a hydrogen electrode as the negative electrode, are susceptible to internal short circuits caused by the amount of impregnated active material in the cadmium electrode, utilization rate, and bulk growth of the active material caused by repeated charging and discharging, as seen in nickel-cadmium batteries. It is attracting attention as a battery that solves these problems and provides high energy density.

Generally, in a nickel-metal hydride battery, a unit battery composed of a gas spacer as a negative electrode active material, or a stacked battery in which a large number of such unit batteries are stacked, is housed and fixed in a pressure vessel storing hydrogen. In order to maintain the airtightness and liquidtightness of the unit battery or the laminated battery, the nickel electrode, the hydrogen electrode, and the matrix are integrated into, for example, an insulating resin frame, together with a gas spacer or a spacer frame integrated with the gas spacer. Either the presser plate and the clamping member are used to tighten the presser plate through the sealing material, or the presser plate and the clamping member are used to tighten the presser plate and the clamper through the sealing material between the unit batteries. Therefore, a fixing device is attached to the outside of the holding plate to fix the unit battery or laminated battery to the pressure vessel, and the fixing device is attached to the pressure vessel by means such as welding, and the unit battery or laminated battery is attached to the pressure vessel. Conventionally, the method of storing and fixing the device inside the device has been used. In this conventional method, since the fixing device does not have an elastic part, when vibration or impact is applied to the pressure vessel, stress is applied to the welded part between the fixing device and the pressure vessel. Due to corrosion, there was a risk that some welds could come off or break. Also, vibration,
It was thought that the pressure vessel could be deformed depending on the magnitude of the impact.

The present invention solves these problems and provides a highly reliable nickel-metal hydride battery not only for stationary use but also for use in space satellites or aircraft that are subjected to severe vibrations and shocks.

The details of the present invention will be explained below. FIG. 1 shows a stacked nickel-metal hydride battery equipped with an elastic fixture according to the present invention. 1 is a nickel electrode, and 2 is a hydrogen electrode. A matrix 3 containing an electrolyte is interposed between the nickel electrode 1 and the hydrogen electrode 2, and a gas spacer 4 for supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen electrode 2 is provided on the opposite side of the hydrogen electrode 2 from the matrix 3.
It is located. Reference numeral 5 denotes a partition wall that separates unit cells each composed of a nickel electrode 11, a hydrogen electrode 2, a matrix 3, and a gas spacer 4.

A large number of unit batteries are laminated with fastening members such as a holding plate 6, bolts 7, and nuts 8. 9 is a stacked battery, and a diaphragm-shaped elastic fixture IO is attached to the stacked battery. FIG. 2 shows a bellows-shaped elastic fixture 11 attached to the stacked battery 9.
This is a diagram with the . Figure 3 shows the stacked battery 9 shown in Figure 1.
is housed and fixed in the pressure vessel 12, and the circumference of the die 1,000 flam type elastic fixture IO is welded on the inside of the pressure vessel 12 so that it has elasticity in the direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the vessel 12. It is. In addition, 13 is a diaphragm type elastic fixture 10 or a bellows type elastic fixture 11 attached to the pressure vessel 1.
When the pressure vessel 121 was welded to 2, the hydrogen stored in the pressure vessel 121 was
This is a ventilation hole to prevent it from being split. 14 is an output terminal, 15 is a sealing material for electrically insulating the output terminal 14 and the pressure vessel 12 and preventing leakage of hydrogen, 16 is a hydrogen supply port, and 17 is a hydrogen discharge port.

When the elastic fixture is used in this way, external vibrations or shocks can be absorbed by the elastic fixture, so the stacked battery 9 will not be mechanically damaged, and the elastic fixture and the pressure vessel 12 will not be damaged mechanically. Stress damage at the weld can be prevented.

As described above, even if vibrations or shocks are applied to the pressure vessel, the welded part between the pressure vessel and the fixing device for fixing the cell or stacked battery will not be damaged at all, and the batteries themselves will not be damaged. It has great industrial value as there is nothing to do.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 shows a 11% capacity nickel-metal hydride battery equipped with a diaphragm-type elastic fixing device according to the present invention. Side view of a stacked nickel-metal hydride battery, Part 3
The figure is an explanatory diagram of a nickel-metal hydride battery according to the present invention. 1 is a nickel electrode, 2 is a hydrogen electrode, 3 is a matrix, 4 is a gas spacer, 9 is a stacked battery, IO is a diaphragm type elastic fixture, 1] is a bellows type elastic fixture, 12 is a pressure vessel patent applicant No. 1 Figure 2

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A matrix containing an electrolyte is interposed between the nickel electrode and the hydrogen electrode, and the side G opposite to the matrix of the hydrogen electrode is
In a nickel-metal hydride battery, a unit battery configured by positioning a spacer for supplying hydrogen or a stacked battery formed by stacking a large number of unit batteries is housed and fixed in a pressure vessel for storing hydrogen. A nickel-metal hydride battery characterized by having a structure in which a battery or a stacked battery is attached to a pressure vessel via an elastic fixture. (2) The nickel-metal hydride battery according to claim 1, wherein the elastic fixture is made of a metallic material. (3) The nickel-metal hydride battery according to claim 1, wherein the elasticity of the elastic fixture is constituted by a diaphragm. (4) The nickel-metal hydride battery according to claim 1, wherein the elasticity of the elastic fixture is constituted by a bellows. (51) The nickel-metal hydride battery according to claim 1, wherein the elasticity of the elastic fixture is comprised of a diaphragm and a bellows.