JPS6011339B2 - Camera program shutter - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a programmable shutter for a camera;
The opening/closing operation of the shutter blades is carried out by two dedicated opening/closing rings.
Concerning the programmable shutter of a camera performed by a ring.

In place of a shutter in which the opening/closing operation of the shutter blades is performed by the reciprocating movement of one driving ring, a shutter has recently been developed in which the opening/closing operation of the shutter blades is performed by two rings dedicated to opening and closing, respectively.

This two-ring shutter can perform an operation equivalent to a focal plane shutter consisting of a front curtain and a rear curtain, and can be used to configure an electric shutter or a program shutter.

In addition, this 2-ring shutter has 2 rings dedicated to opening and closing.
Since the rings are configured to rotate in the same direction to open and close the shutter blades, when a program shutter is constructed using this, there is an advantage that particularly high-speed timing can be achieved easily.

On the other hand), when an electric shutter is configured using this two-ring shutter, a time constant circuit, a switching circuit, an electromagnet, a large-capacity power battery, etc. are required, just like the electric shutter of the focal plane shutter. It will be very expensive. Therefore, if a programmable shutter can be designed using this two-ring type shutter without using the above-mentioned electrical department, it can be made at a lower cost. However, even when constructing a program shutter in which the shutter blades also serve as aperture blades, it is meaningless unless the foundation is simple, the number of parts is small, and the structure exhibits various effects.

In view of the above-mentioned points, an object of the present invention is to automatically adjust the shutter time by skillfully utilizing the pointer of an exposure meter on the two-ring type shutter, in which the shutter blades are opened and closed by two rings dedicated to opening and closing, respectively. To provide a programmable shutter with an extremely simple structure that can be controlled appropriately.

According to the program shutter of the present invention, since the rotational speed of the ring dedicated to opening the shutter is adjusted to at least 2 speeds by the speed regulating mechanism, a wide range of program seconds can be obtained, and the program time can be automatically programmed. It is possible to completely synchronize the x contact with the shutter.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on an illustrated embodiment.

FIG. 1 is a front view of the program shutter of the present invention.

In Fig. 1, the shutter blade 2 (only one leaf is shown in the figure) of the program shutter 1 rotates around a shaft 4 whose base is secured to a ring 3 dedicated to shutter blade closing (hereinafter referred to as the shutter closing ring). It is freely supported.
At the base of the shirt wing 2, near the shaft 4, there is a
A long hole 2a is bored, and a pin 6 fixed to a ring 5 exclusively for opening the shutter blade (hereinafter referred to as a shutter closing ring) is fitted into the long hole 2a. The shutter-related IJ ring 5 is adjacent to the inner side of the shutter-closing ring 3. Both rings 3 and 5 are arranged concentrically and rotatably with respect to each other, and a protrusion 3a provided on the inner circumference of the shutter closing IJ ring 3 is connected to a protrusion 3a provided on the outer circumference of the shutter engagement ring 5. By engaging with the notch 5a, they operate in conjunction with each other. Both rings 3 and 5 are given a counterclockwise rotational habit by driving springs 7 and 8, which are compressible coil springs, respectively, and this rotation causes the shutter blades, which will be described later, to rotate in a counterclockwise direction. Opening and closing operations are performed.

A lever 10 for determining the shutter time, which is rotatably supported by a fixed shaft 9, is disposed on the upper azimuth layer of the shutter closing ring 3 in the figure. This second time determining lever 10 is formed of a T-shaped three-armed structure, and its central fulcrum is supported by the fixed shaft 9.

A green needle tread 21 is formed on the right edge of the first arm 10a extending upward. This needle tread green 21 is a well-known EE
Like the needle tread edge of the mechanism, it is formed of a serrated step-like green cam, and when the second setting lever 10 is rotated, it is pressed by stepping on the pointer 23 of the exposure meter meter 22, which will be described later. It plays a holding role. Further, the tip of the second arm IDb extending leftward from the center of the lever 10 is a fork-shaped pin holding part 12, which is aligned with a pin 11 mounted on the shutter opening ring 5. Further, the tip of the third arm 10c extending downward is connected to a claw portion 1 of a hook lever 13 that is rotated in conjunction with a shutter release member (not shown).
This is a locked portion 14 that engages with the portion 3a. The hook lever 13 is rotatably supported at its center on a fixed shaft 15, and has one arm end extending to the left that is engaged with the locked portion 14 of the seconds setting lever 10. A mating claw portion 13a is formed. The lever 13 is given the habit of rotating clockwise by a compressible coil spring 16 that is applied across the arm extending to the left and a fixing pin (not shown). This natural rotation is normally prevented by the other arm supporting the stopper pin 17. This hook lever 13 is
When the shutter release member is pressed down, the other arm moves in the direction of the arrow, so that the claw portion 13a and the locked portion 14 are disengaged. On the back side of the second time determining lever 10, there is a lock for restraining the shutter closing, which is formed by a petal-shaped V-shaped two-pronged pestle whose base is rotatably supported on the fixed shaft 9. A stop bar 18 is provided.

As shown in FIG. 3, this closing locking bar 18 has a needle receiving portion 19 having an arcuate planar shape and extending upward at right angles on the right side edge of one arm 18a. The tip of the other arm 18b is bent downward at a right angle, extends outward, and engages with a notch 3b (see FIG. 1) provided on the outer peripheral edge of the closing ring 3. A matching locking pawl 18c is formed. A vertically elongated hole 19a corresponding to the needle tread green 21 is bored in the center of the needle receiver 19, and the needle tread green 21 is inserted into this hole 19a. An elastic pointer 23 of an exposure meter filter 22 disposed near the right side of the needle receiver 19 is disposed between the needle receiver 19 and the green needle tread 21 . The meter needle 23 is formed into a U-shape in which the free end extending from the meter 22 is bent rightward and then leftward, and its tip 23a is connected to the needle receiver 19. and the needle tread edge 21. In addition, as shown in FIG.
The tightening coil spring 20 is stretched counterclockwise around the support shaft 9, and the locking pawl 18c engages with the notch 3b of the shutter closing ring 3, thereby closing the shutter closing ring 3. rotation is restricted.

Further, on the upper side of the locking claw 18c of the locking bar 18, there is a normally connected × contact switch S, which has a movable piece for opening and closing located at a position opposite to the locking claw 18c. It is arranged. Further, in the lower right portion of the shutter opening ring 5, an operating pin 25 is firmly mounted, which faces the first arm 24a of the lever 24 for controlling the shutter opening operation.

The shutter opening operation control lever 24 is formed of a T-shaped three-arm punch, and its central base is swingably supported on a support shaft 26, with a first arm 24a extending to the right. extends further upward, and its tip is located on the rotation path of the operating pin 25.

A pin 27 is fixed in the middle of this first arm 24a, and this pin 27 comes into contact with one arm of a sector lever 28 of a speed regulating mechanism, which will be described later. A second lever extending to the left of this shutter opening control lever 24
The tip of the arm 24b faces a speed switching member 29, which will be described later.

The shutter opening control lever 24 is given a counterclockwise rotational habit around the support shaft 26 by a tension coil spring applied to a third arm 24c extending downward. This natural rotation is normally prevented by the stopper pin 31. Further, the speed regulating mechanism is configured as follows.

That is, the sector lever 28, which is moved by the lever 24 for controlling the shutter opening operation, is rotatably supported at its central portion on a shaft 32, and one arm of the sector lever 28 is rotatably supported by the shaft 32, as described above. It rests on a pin 27 fixed to the first arm 24a of the lever 24.

And a sector gear 28a formed at the tip of the other arm.
is meshed with a pinion 36 which is supported by a shaft 35.
Further, this sector lever 28 is given a clockwise rotational habit by a tension coil spring 33 applied to the other arm, and this rotation due to this habit is prevented by a stopper pin 34. An escape wheel 37 integral with the pinion 36 is rotatably mounted on the support shaft 35 of the pinion 36, and a pallet wheel 39 rotatably supported on a shaft 38 is engaged with the escape wheel 37. ing. The speed regulating mechanism configured in this way is connected to the shutter opening ring 5.
The speed switching member 29, which is engaged and disengaged from the speed switching member 29, is formed of a horizontally long oval elastic plate, and its base is fixed to the switching shaft 401.

This switching shaft 4, its tip (upper part of the paper in the figure)
protrudes to the outside of the camera, and is rotatably supported by a stationary member (not shown) so that switching operations can be performed from the outside. The upper edge of the free end of this transparency switching member 29 is connected to the second arm 24 of the shutter opening operation control lever 24.
The bale rests on the lower green part of the tip of b.

A pair of protrusions 29a and 29b for the click stop are provided on the back surface of this free end.
By falling into the recess 29c provided on the installation surface, the speed switching member 29 is displaced to the position shown by the solid line and the position shown by the two-dot chain line in the figure, and is click-stopped. A normally open switch S2 whose movable bushing piece is opened and closed by the lower edge of the free end of this member 29 is arranged below this speed switching member 29.
This switch S2 is connected to a switching electric circuit 44 of the exposure meter filter 22, and when the switch S2 is closed, the circuit 44 is activated to switch the deflection of the meter pointer 23. When this speed switching member 29 is operated from the outside and is click-stopped in the state shown in FIG. Then, the switching electric circuit 44 is switched to displace the shutter pointer 23 in response to the shutter speed becoming relatively slow. When the switching section 29 is switched to the solid line position in this way, the speed regulating mechanism is interlocked with the shutter ring 5 via the shutter opening operation control lever 24 and the sector lever 28.
The shutter opens at a relatively slow speed. Further, when the sliding door member 29 is switched to the position shown by the two-dot chain line, the speed regulating mechanism is disconnected, so in this case, the shutter opening operation becomes high speed. In this way, the program shutter of the present invention can change its program time.

And by configuring it like this, strike. When performing synchronized photography during the day using a flash photography device, etc., if the background of the subject is bright, if you change the program time accordingly, the exposure meter pointer will be displaced. , the flash can be suitably synchronized by high-speed shutter operation. Next, the operation of the program shutter of the present invention configured as described above will be explained.

As shown in FIG. 1, when the speed switching member 29 closes the switch S2, the shutter opening operation is performed at a relatively slow speed.

That is, when the shirt button of the camera is pressed, the hook lever 13 is swung in the direction of the arrow by a shutter release member (not shown) against the tensile elasticity of the coil spring 16. When this swings, the locking by the claw portion 13a is released and the second lever 10 becomes free, so the shutter closing ring 5 is rotated counterclockwise by the elasticity of the drive spring 8. . This rotation is controlled by a speed regulating mechanism via the pin 25 and the shutter opening operation control lever 24, so the rotation speed is relatively slow, and the shutter blade 2 is accordingly opened. This shutter ring 5 has a tendency to rotate counterclockwise due to the driving spring 8, but normally its pin 11 is fixed by the clamping part 12 of the second time determining lever 10, so that the shutter ring 5 cannot rotate. is being suppressed. However, when the second lever 10 becomes free, the pin 11 also becomes free, so the shutter ring 5 rotates as described above due to its own rigidity.

In this way, when the shutter opening ring 5 rotates, the pin 6 fixed to it causes the shutter blade 2 to rotate clockwise about the shaft 4 fixed to the closing ring. Perform the shutter opening operation.

When the engagement ring 5 rotates, the pin 11 causes the second time determining lever 10 to rotate clockwise. When this rotates, the green needle 21 of the first arm 10a presses the tip 23a of the pointer 23 of the exposure meter filter 22. In this case, the stepped cam edges a, b formed on the needle tread green 21
, c, . As described above, the tip 23a of the pointer 23 is made of an elastic material, so when the needle tread edge 21 comes into contact with it, it is pressed against the elasticity and further moves in the direction of the swinging direction of the cam edge. The same cam moves with green.

When this moves, the needle receiving portion 19 of the locking bar 18 for closing restraint adjacent thereto is pushed. When the needle receiver 19 is pushed, the shutter closing restraint locking bar 18 rotates counterclockwise about the support shaft 9, as shown in FIG. The locking claw 18c formed at the tip of the shutter moves upward in the figure, and is disengaged from the notch 3b of the shutter closing ring 3. Moreover, when the locking claw 8c moves upward, the × contact switch S,
is closed. When the engagement is released as described above, the shutter closing ring 3 is moved by the driving spring 7.
The shutter blade 2 is now rotated counterclockwise around the pin 6 fixed to the shutter opening ring 5 by the shaft 7 firmly attached to the shaft 7, and the opening operation is performed by The inner shutter blade 2 is shifted to the closing operation. The timing from the start of the shutter opening operation to the start of the shirt closing operation is determined by the time setting lever 1 mentioned above.
It is determined by the cam edges a, b, c, . . . of the needle tread edge 21 of 0. This relationship will be explained with reference to Fig. 4. In Fig. 4, the vertical axis represents the opening degree of the shirt sleeve, 1, the machine axis represents time t, and the shutter closing operation start time is designated as t.
Green cams a and b of the needle tread edge 21 of the second time determining lever 10
, c......, contacts the pointer 23 of the exposure meter, and pushes it further to rotate the locking bar 18, and this locking is performed. The shutter bar 18 is released from the locking claw 18c, and the shutter closing ring 3 is rotated.
The starting point when the shirt closing operation is started is t, 2, et al., respectively, and the opening amount of the shutter is shown by a triangular waveform (indicated by a solid line).

In this way, depending on the deflection position of the cam edges a, b, c, . . . , the pointer 23, a corresponding closing amount can be obtained.

Further, in the program shutter of the present invention, as described above, the X contact switch S is configured to be closed by the locking bar 18 at the start of the shirt closing operation. L, t2, t3......
At the point in time, the × contact point is closed, and the vertices of each triangular waveform are n,
, ground, y3......In other words, the strobe flash will emit light when the shutter is opened to its maximum, making it possible to optimally utilize the amount of light emitted. When this program shutter is used as a high-speed shutter, the sliding door member 29 may be switched to the position shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG.

In this position, the speed regulating mechanism has the first arm 24a connected to the pin 25.
The shutter closing ring 6 rotates at a high speed, and the shutter speed also becomes correspondingly high. Therefore, the triangular waveform indicating the amount of shutter closure also changes as shown by the broken line in FIG.
That is, the above yl'y2'y3... The triangular waveforms whose vertices are y', y2, y3, respectively...
The waveform changes to a triangular waveform with ...... as the peak. As is clear from the figure, the area of each triangular waveform, that is, the Sekiguchi amount changes in a decreasing direction. In this case, for example, the area A of the triangular waveform with the apex at y2 at the slow speed time mentioned above,
and the area A of the triangular waveform with the apex at y′3 at high speed seconds.
2 are equal, by switching the switching circuit 44, the pointer 23 of the exposure meter is displaced, and the corresponding cam edge b of the needle tread edge 21 of the second time determining lever 10 is moved. If the cam changes to green C, a high-speed shutter with no change in total closing amount will automatically be obtained. In addition,
The symbol lo in FIG. 4 indicates when the shutter and diaphragm are fully open.

As mentioned above, this program shutter can change its aperture diameter depending on whether it is used as a high-speed shutter or a low-speed shutter, so it is especially suitable for the daytime synchronized photography mentioned above. becomes.

That is, when using a strobe device, the aperture diameter is determined by the distance to the subject and the guide number of the strobe device. In the case of daytime synchronization, the shutter speed must be determined based on the brightness of the subject's background, and the brighter the background, the faster the shutter speed. At this time, a high-speed shutter in the shutter of the present invention is used. In this respect, it is much more effective than a shutter speed that is only 1 point farther. Also, if the shutter speed is only 1 far, increasing the shutter speed will eliminate the need for long seconds. To cover this, two distances are required, such as the shutter of the present invention. As explained above, according to the program shutter of the present invention, a program shutter of a two-ring type shutter with a small number of parts can be realized with a simple structure.

'b} Compared to electric shutters, which require electrical parts such as time constant circuits, switching circuits, electromagnets, and large-capacity power batteries, the number of parts is extremely small, which allows for smaller space and cheaper construction. Despite this, it can achieve accuracy equivalent to that of an electric shutter.

'c} The x contact closes when the shutter, which also functions as an aperture, is fully opened, allowing the maximum amount of strobe light to be used.

(d) At least two program seconds for low and high speeds can be obtained by switching operations.

'e) Even when used for high distances, the amount of light does not change due to changes in shutter closure, making it particularly suitable for daytime synchronized photography.

Many effects such as these can be obtained at the same time.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a front view of a program shutter showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an operational view of Fig. 1 above, and Fig. 3 includes the time setting lever shown in Fig. 1 above. FIG. 4, which is an enlarged perspective view of the main parts showing the configuration of the related parts, is a diagram showing the relationship between the opening/closing operation time and the opening amount of the program shutter of the present invention. 1...Program shutter, 3...Shutter closing ring, 5...Shutter link, 10...Second setting lever, 18...Shutter closing locking bar , 19... needle receiver, 21... needle tread edge, 22...
... Exposure meter meter, 23... Pointer. Maira l Zuoni・2 Zuuki 3rd diagram 4th diagram

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A shutter opening ring 5, a shutter closing ring 3, a shutter blade 2 that opens when the shutter opening ring rotates and closes when the shutter closing ring rotates, and an elastic It has an exposure meter meter needle 23 that is made of material and moves according to the brightness of the subject, and a needle tread edge 21 that comes into contact with the exposure meter needle, and a shutter second that rotates in conjunction with the shutter opening ring. A time-determining lever 10, a needle receiver 19 that is rotatably disposed on the same axis as the shutter-second lever and faces the needle tread edge across the meter needle; A locking lever 18 having a locking portion 18c for locking the rotation of the closing ring, and the shutter second setting lever pushes the locking lever in the unlocking direction via the meter hand. A camera program shutter characterized by being made to move. 2 Associating a speed regulating mechanism with the shutter opening ring 5,
2. A program shutter for a camera according to claim 1, wherein the program time is changed by controlling the rotating speed of the ring to at least two speeds.