JPS6010844B2 - power tools - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a power tool, and more particularly to a power tool of the type capable of selectively operating a hammering mode, a drilling mode, and a combination hammer and drill mode. It concerns power tools.

Such power tools are primarily used for concrete and masonry work. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In the known prior art, a so-called rotary hammer or hammer drill has been proposed, which allows the tip of the drill to be rotated and at the same time repeatedly apply axial impacts to the tip.

Certain types of these conventional power tools are provided with means by which the power tool can be operated to select only rotary or drilling modes of operation and only hammering modes of operation. This selection operation is performed by providing various machining tool elements, and by changing the insertion amount of the machining tool element into the power tool and by changing the external shape of the machining tool element, a selection operation mode is provided. , a machining tool element operates together with a rotating element and a hammer element of the power tool. Other forms of conventional power tools that do not use different machining tool elements to obtain this selective mode of operation do not use clutches or complex kinematic mechanisms to allow the operator to select between two or more modes of operation. used in some parts. Objective: The present invention provides a power tool suitable for selectively operating a hammering mode, a drilling mode, and a combined hammer and drill mode, and which uses a complex clutch or interlocking mechanism. It is intended to provide a power tool with selection means to provide three independent operating modes of this type of machining tool element without having to do so.

A first object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved power tool with a unique self-connection selection means for operation in hammering mode, drilling mode and combined hammer and drill mode. This is what we provide.

Another object of the invention is to provide a power tool having a sleeve threaded through it to alternately place it in any one of three bell positions to provide three modes of operation.

Still another object of the invention is to have a connecting sleeve and a locking collar that operate together, the locking collar placing the connecting sleeve in any one of three ball positions for three modes of operation. Therefore, a power tool is provided that is rotatable relative to the connecting sleeve.

Still another object of the invention is to have a sleeve for selectively coupling and disengaging the shaft and spindle, the sleeve operative in conjunction with a fixed contact surface to prevent engagement of the hammer element. The present invention provides a power tool having a contact surface adapted to perform a drilling operation, thereby placing the tool in a drilling mode of operation.

CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION Referring to FIGS. 1-6, a power tool includes a casing or housing shell 10. Referring to FIGS.

It will be appreciated that the power tool has a suitable power source such as an electric or pneumatic motor driving the drive shaft 11. The drive shaft has a tooth structure at its outer end which meshes and engages the teeth of gear 12 (see FIG. 3). The gear 12 is secured to a cuff 14a of a gear 14, which is mounted on a pin 15 having opposite ends bearingly engaged by bearing assemblies 16,17. Gear 14 meshingly engages first ratchet element or gear 18 . This gear 18
is fixed to the vertical light portion 20a of the shaft 20. The gear 18 also has an annular ratchet tooth 22.
is normally a second ratchet element or annular member 24
The ring-shaped ratchet teeth 23 are arranged opposite to each other at a distance from each other.

The annular member 24 is suitably secured and has a central bore 25 for receiving a bearing sleeve 26. This bearing sleeve 26 engages with the reduced diameter portion 20a of the shaft 20 as a bearing. A coil spring 28 surrounds the collar 20a and typically has opposite ends that engage the secured bearing sleeve 26 and the gear 18 to separate the ratchet teeth 22,23. The connection between the shaft 20 and the collar 20a forms an annular shoulder 20b that is in contact with one side of the gear 18. The shaft 20 is bearing-engaged within a bearing sleeve 29;
The rear or inner end 29a of the bearing sleeve 29, which constitutes a stop surface on its end face, is in contact with the front face of the gear 18,
Limits the amount of axial forward movement of shaft 20. Rearward or inward movement of shaft 20 is limited or stopped by the engagement of ratchet teeth 22,23. The bearing sleeve 29 is inserted into the hole 1 formed in the housing structure 10b.
0a as appropriate. The shaft 20 is a bearing sleeve 3
It has a blind hole 20c provided in the axial direction for receiving 0.

This bearing sleeve 30 is tightly inserted into a compact cylindrical portion 32a of the spindle, indicated at 32. The spindle 32 also has an annular recess 32b for receiving a retaining pin 34 (see FIG. 6) which is received in a cross bore 35 extending through the shaft 20 and the bearing sleeve 30. The spindle 32 has a polygonal connecting structure formed at its end, and in the example shown in FIGS. 1, 4, and 5, it has three hexagonal connecting structures 32c, 32d, and 32e.

Of these, the hexagonal connecting structures 32c and 32d are separated by an annular space 32f, and similarly the hexagonal connecting structures 32d and 32e are separated by an annular space 32g. Spindle 32 is fitted with a drill chuck 37 of well known construction. This drill chuck 37 has a vice principal cone 37a which is separated from the hexagonal coupling structure 32e by an annular space 32M. Here, shaft 2 and of course bearing sleeve 29
The portion of the shaft which is cylindrical along with the rotatably received portion thereof and which projects beyond the bearing sleeve 29 has a hexagonal connecting structure as indicated at 38. are doing. This hexagonal connecting structure 38 includes a hexagonal connecting structure 32c formed on the spindle 32,
It is the same size and shape as 32d and 32e. The connecting sleeve 40 has a hexagonal connecting structure 40a with a central hexagonal closure, and this hexagonal connecting structure 40a has
As will be explained hereinafter, the coupling sleeve 40 is slightly larger than the hexagonal coupling structure 38 of the spindle 32 to allow for axial movement.

The connecting sleeve 4 has an annular wall 40b} thus having an annular space formed within the portion, the annular wall 40b being placed in spaced opposing relationship with an annular surface 42a formed in the cap 42; The cap 42 is also fixed to the enlarged portion 29b of the bearing sleeve 29. The coupling sleeve 40 has an external annular recess 40c into which a locking collar 44 can be rotated.

This locking collar 44 has a pair of pins 45 (see FIG. 5) that project diametrically inward. The inner ends of these pins 45 are placed within arcuate recesses 40d formed in the locking collar 44. It will be appreciated that the interaction between pin 45 and recess 40d prevents relative axial movement between coupling sleeve 40 and locking collar 44, but allows limited rotation. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the locking collar 44 is approximately 3.5 mm in diameter relative to the connecting sleeve 40.
00 rotations. The stop ball 47 is inserted into a pair of stop holes 44a and 44b (
(see FIG. 4), the locking collar 44 is held in two positions relative to the connecting sleeve 401 without warping. The spring 48 is housed in the hole 40e so as to push the stop ball 47 against the inner surface of the end wall 44c. The lock collar 44, spring 48, and stop ball 47 attached to the connecting sleeve 401 are connected to the connecting sleeve 401.
By selectively setting the relative engagement position in the axial direction between the shaft and the spindle 32, hammer operation and
It sets three operation modes: hammer drill operation and drill operation, and these constitute the mode selection means. Referring to FIG. 4, end wall 44c of lock collar 44
has a central hole formed by six planes 44e,
These six planes 44e are separated by six recesses 44f.

When the locking collar 44 is provided with a corner protruding from the connecting sleeve 401 as shown in FIG.
The flat surface 44e, which is a part of
It can be placed in one of f, 32g, and 32h. A plane 44 is parallel to the wall surface of the hexagonal connecting structure 40a.
When the locking collar 44 is rotated against the connecting sleeve 4 so that the locking collar 4e is positioned, the locking collar 44 is thereby allowed to move in the axial direction of the connecting sleeve 40 relative to the spindle 32, and the opening of the end wall 44c is Spindle hexagonal connection structure parts 32c, 32d? Accepts 32e. The connecting sleeve 40 is provided with one or more rearwardly open cuts 40f adapted to receive a pin 50.
It is inserted into the hole 51a of the housing part 51. Knob 52 is secured to pin 50, thereby providing a suitable means for gripping pin 50. Pin 5 River stop ball 5
The stop ball 53 is placed in the hole 51b and forced against the pin 50 by means of a coil spring 54. pin 5
It is clear that the 0 can be retracted from the notch 40f by pulling the knob 52. The pin 50 is also held releasably in the retracted position by the action of a stop ball 53 received in the annular space 50b. The operation of the hammer drill of the invention is explained as follows.

Assume now that a suitable drill or machining tool is secured to chuck 37. Also, the connecting sleeve 40 and the locking collar 44 are provided as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, that is, the connecting sleeve 40 is separated from the hexagonal connecting structure 38 of the shaft 20 and inserted into the circular recess 32h. It is locked in its most extreme position by a surface 44e that is part of the collar end wall 44c. When the motor of the power tool is driven, the shaft 20 is rotated, but this rotational force is not transmitted to the spindle 32 except by the frictional force between the bearing sleeve 130 and the blind hole 20c. The spindle 32 is prevented from rotating by placing a pin 50 in one of the cuts 40f. Of course, even if rotation is imparted to the spindle 32 as a result of the frictional engagement between the bearing sleeve 30 and the bore 20c, that rotation is resisted by the engagement of the workpiece and the drill tip. Therefore, pin 50 and cut 40
Although engagement with one of f is preferred, it will be recognized by those skilled in the art that it may be absent. Therefore, in the absence of engagement between pin 50 and notch 40f, continued forward movement of the power tool when the machining tool element is placed in contact with the workpiece will not occur in the internal axial direction of spindle 32 and shaft 20. movement, thereby causing ratchet tooth 2
2 and 23 are engaged with each other.

The mutual engagement of these ratchet teeth 22, 23 creates a ratcheting and hammering action that imparts rapid, repeated rutting impulses and forces to the processing tool elements. Accordingly, only the hammering bushing mode is performed when the connecting sleeve 40 and locking collar 44 are provided as just described. Now, connect the connecting sleeve 401 so that the lock collar 44 slides the connecting sleeve 40 in the direction of the ball.
Assume that it is rotated against this.

In addition, the trimming 44c is aligned with the annular space 32g,
It is assumed that coupling sleeve 40 is slid axially inwardly until locking collar 44 is thereby rotated relative to coupling sleeve 40'. The position of the plane 44e of the end wall 44c is then brought into the annular space 32g so as to lock the locking collar 44 and prevent directional movement of the locking collar 44 relative to the spindle. This axial movement of the coupling sleeve 40 causes the hexagonal coupling structure 40a to engage and slide over the hexagonal coupling structure 38 of the shaft 20. The pin 50 is separated from the cut 40f prior to such axial repositioning of the connecting sleeve 40. It is clear that the spindle 32 is rotated along the axis 201 by the coupling sleeve 4. Ratchet engagement and hammering action is provided in the hammering mode of operation, as described above. Thus, when the coupling sleeve 40 is provided as described, the power tool is operated in a combined hammer and drill mode. Now, the locking collar 44 is attached to the connecting sleeve 401 so that the connecting sleeve 40 can move in all axial directions again.
Assume that it is rotated against this.

It is also assumed that the coupling sleeve 40 is slid inwardly and the locking collar 44 is repositioned so that the position of the plane 44c of the end wall 44c is within the spindle annular space 32f. Here, the rotation from the shaft 20 is again transmitted to the spindle 32 by coupling with the coupling sleeve 40. However, when no rearward or inward axial movement of the shaft 20 occurs to the extent of engaging the ratchet teeth 22, 23, after moving the spindle and shaft a small amount inwardly, the connecting sleeve 40 annular wall 40 of
b comes into contact engagement with the annular surface 42a. Thus, when the connecting sleeve 40 is placed just as described, the drilling mode of operation is carried out. Now, Figure 7-1
The power tool or hammer drill shown in FIG. 0 has a housing or housing shell 10'. It will be understood that the power tool has a suitable power source, such as an electric or pneumatic motor, for driving the drill shaft 11'. This drive shaft 11' is engaged by a suitable reduction gear train indicated by dotted lines 14', 15' with teeth 12' of ring gear 13'. This ring gear 13' is equipped with a drive shaft 16' that rotates in accordance with the rotation of the ring gear 13'.

This drive shaft 16' is rotatably mounted on a bearing sleeve 17', and this bearing sleeve 17'
' is placed in a hole 18' formed in housing portion 10a''. The ring gear 13' has a large number of fasteners 20'.
It has an annular structure 19' fixed thereto by a ring, and this annular structure 19 is provided with a series of annular ratchet teeth 21'. These ratchet teeth 21' are normally spaced apart from a series of ratchet teeth 22', which are secured to the housing plate 24' by means of a number of fasteners 25'. It is integrated with the ring structure 23'. Housing 10'
has a hole 26' for receiving a bearing hub 27'.

The bearing hub 27' is in bearing engagement with one end of the spindle 28'. The coil spring 30' is attached to the spindle 28
', with opposing ends contacting the bearing hub 27', and an inner end of the shaft 16' for biasing the shaft 16' outwardly, i.e., to the right in the figure, as shown in FIG. ing.
Therefore, this coil spring 30' has ratchet teeth 21',
22' apart, but also engaged as described below. The front end of the shaft 16' receives a bearing sleeve 32' and
is in bearing engagement with the front portion of spindle 28'.

The shaft 16' has a crimp portion 3 integrated with an annular flange 34'.
3', the annular flange 34' having a number of (preferably four) cuts or keyways 35'.
The spindle 28' has an enlarged cylindrical portion 36' with multiple (preferably four) axial grooves or keyways.

The spindle 28' is also formed by a cylindrical spindle portion 38' which mounts a drill chuck 40'. This drill chuck 40' is of conventional construction and will therefore not be described here. Washer 42' is mounted on spindle section 38' and contacts an annular surface 43' formed by the joining of spindle sections 36', 38'.

One side of the washer 42' is engaged by a number of ball bearings 44' which are held at circumferential intervals by suitable cages 45'. these pole bearings 4
4' has a spindle portion 38 for rotation therewith.
47'. The connecting sleeve 48' is connected to the keyway 35'.
keys 49 extending inside a number of equal intervals equal to the number of
'have.

The coupling sleeve 48' also has second keys 50' which are respectively inserted into the keyways 37'. Furthermore, the connecting sleeve 48' has an annular hole for receiving a snap ring 52'.

This snap ring 52' contacts one end of the bearing sleeve 53' which engages the coupling sleeve 48'. This bearing sleeve 53' has at its front end an annular recess into which the annular flange 48' of the connecting sleeve 48' is received. Therefore, relative directional movement between coupling sleeve 48' and bearing sleeve 53' is prevented by snap ring 52' and by the engagement of bearing sleeve 53' and flange 48'. Continuous sleeve 48' has an annular recess 55' in which a portion of coil spring 56' is received.

The coil spring 56' engages the washer 42' and operates to force the coupling sleeve 48' inwardly, ie, to the left in FIG. 7. Cam collar 58' has an annular portion 59' that rotationally engages bearing sleeve 53'.
This annular portion 59' is an annular shoulder 61' formed by an annular flange 62' integral with the bearing sleeve 53'.
An annular shoulder 60' is formed which engages the same space.
It is clear that the coil spring 56' operates to engage the annular shoulders 60', 61' with each other. The flange 62' has an annular surface 63' coplanar with the annular surface 48b' of the connecting sleeve 48'. Cam color-58'
As can be clearly seen in the enlarged diagram of Diagram IQ, which is cut flat and expanded along with the corresponding parts,
It has a number of equally spaced cam structures 64'.

The cam collar 65' is attached to the annular surface 1 of the housing portion oa'.
0b'. This fixed cam collar 65'
has a number of cam structures, indicated at 66', equal in number to cam structures 64'. Each cam structure 66' is formed by three stepped cams 67', 68', 69'. It is clear that when cam collar 58' is rotated relative to fixed cam collar 65', the aforementioned cam structure 64' is selectively engaged with fixed cam structures 67', 68' and 69' in sequence. Three stepped cam structures 67'? 68'
, 69' form three axial positions for the cam collar 58'.

When cam structure 64' is engaged with cam structure 69', continuous rotation of cam collar 58' (arrows left to right in FIG. 10)
causes the cam structure 64' to engage the cam structure 67', thereby repositioning the cam collar 58' to the innermost position as shown in FIG.
Every time 8' is rotated 1200 times, the stepped cam structure 67'?
A cam structure 64' corresponds to each of 68' and 69'.
It is clear that the cam collar 58' having a similar stepwise displacement in the axial direction. Cam collar 58' 1
Rotations are performed repeatedly on the same machine in succession at different bag positions. Of course, the cam collar 58' is placed in an axial position utilizing only one cam structure 64' and one stepped cam structure 66', and the multiple setting arrangement of the cam structures 64', 66' is performed with minimal rotation. For the operator's convenience, cam collar 58' is provided for remote and easy axial adjustment. A coil spring 56' is operatively mounted to selectively engage and retain the cam structure 64' on fixed cams 67', 68', and 69'. The hammer drill of the present invention is shown in the hammering mode of operation in FIG. When the power tool motor is operated, rotation is transmitted to shaft 16'. However, since the key 49' of the coupling sleeve 48' is not inserted into the keyway 35' of the spindle 28', such rotation is not transmitted to the spindle shaft 28'. When the operator engages the workpiece, places a suitable machining tool, such as a drill tip (not shown), and applies zero forward pressure to the machining tool, the spindle 28' and shaft 16' are ratcheted. The teeth 21', 22' are moved inwardly against the force of the coil spring 30' to engage each other, thereby providing a hammering action. As this ratchet tooth 21' rotates with the shaft 16', this hammering action occurs. The ratchet teeth 21', 22' are shaped to provide a ratcheting or hammering function to the fixed annular ratchet structure 23' regardless of the direction of rotation of the annular ratchet structure 19'.
Symmetry is preferred. As just described, in the hammering mode of operation, it is desirable to provide a means to prevent rotation of the spindle 28' from the bearing sleeve 32' due to frictional forces.

To this end, the coupling sleeve 48' is provided with a series of annular locking teeth or capture structures 70' formed on the front annular surface of the housing portion 10a'. These teeth or capture structures 70', 71' have a suitable shape, for example the same shape as the ratchet teeth 21', 22'. This tooth or capture structure 70', 71' is connected to the connecting sleeve 48.
', whereby the coupling sleeve 48' prevents rotation of the spindle due to the interengagement of the key 50' and the keyway 37'. In the hammering mode of operation as just described, the cam structure 64' of the cam collar 58'
is engaged with the fixed cam 67', thereby causing the seventh
Place the cam collar 58' in the innermost shaft position shown in the figure. Now, if it is desired to modify the hammer drill to provide hammer and drill functionality, the cam collar 58' is rotated and the cam structure 64' is replaced by the fixed cam 68.
It is advanced forward until it comes into contact with and becomes fixed.

This causes the cam collar 58' to advance forward into the position shown in FIG. This axial forward movement of cam collar 58' causes a corresponding axial movement of coupling sleeve 48', thereby causing key 49' to engage keyway 35'.
Put in. Here, the rotation of the shaft 16' is caused by the rotation of the spindle 28'.
It is clear that the coupling sleeve 48' couples the shaft 16' to the spindle 28' so as to cause rotation of the shaft 16'. Of course, the key 50' of the coupling sleeve 48' is always placed in the keyway 37' of the spindle part 36'. The spindle 28' and chuck 40' are now rotated and the simultaneous hammering action occurs in the same way as described for the hammering mode of operation. Now, if rotation-only operation is desired, cam collar 58' is again rotated and cam structure 64
' with a fixed cam 69'. This advances cam collar 58' to its most forward position, thereby transmitting corresponding forward axial movement to coupling sleeve 48'. The annular surfaces 48b' and 63' are provided at a larger distance from the washer 42'. When the operator presses the power tool against the workpiece, the washer 42' presses against the annular surfaces 48b', 6.
3', thereby inhibiting further axial movement of the spindle 28' and sleeve 16 relative to the power tool housing, and in turn inhibiting engagement of the ratchet teeth 21', 22' with each other. Therefore, rotation is transmitted only to chuck 40'. Effects As is clear from the above explanation, the present invention allows selection of the operating mode of hitting with a hammer, the operating mode of drilling a hole, and the combined operating mode of a hammer and drill, and the operation of this power tool is also easy. It has the advantage of being

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial side and partial cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of the power tool, and FIG. 3 is line 3 of FIG.
-3; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4--4 of FIG. 1; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 5 of FIG.
6 is a partial sectional view taken along line 6-6 of FIG. 1; FIG. 7 is a partial sectional view taken along line 6-6 of FIG. 1; FIG. FIG. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view of the power tool of FIG. 7 showing the portions positioned for hammer and drill mode operation; FIG. 9 is a partial side and longitudinal section of the power tool shown; FIG. 10 is a cutaway, flattened, illustrative exploded plan view of the cam structure for positioning the cam collar in the vagina position. 10...Casing or housing outer shell, 11...
... Drive shaft, 12, 14, 18 ... Gear,
16, 17...Bearing assembly, 20...
...shaft, 22, 23... ratchet tooth, 24
......Annular member, 25...Center hole, 26,2
9,30... Bearing sleeve t 28...
Coil spring, 32...Spindle, 37...Drill chuck, 38, 40a...Hexagonal connection structure, 40.
...Connection sleeve, 42...Cap, 44...
Lock collar, 45, 50...Pin, 52...Knob, 5
3...stop pole, 54...coil spring. Evening GZ Inner 'G2 Hit Jd3 Hit zG Multi-hit JG. 5 F'G. 6 〇zQugumimiyuzushia'rirQyumonzfalse

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 (a) A spindle 32 that is rotatably and axially movably attached to a housing and has first, second, and third polygonal structures 32c, 32d, and 32e arranged in a row toward the axial tip. , (b) a shaft 20 that is rotatably mounted relative to the spindle 32 and movable in the axial direction integrally with the spindle 32 and has a polygonal connecting structure 38; (c) the shaft (d) drive means connecting a motor to said shaft 20 for rotating said shaft 20;
(e) a chuck 37 provided on the spindle 32 for connecting a processing tool to the spindle 32; Connection structure 38 and the polygonal connection structure 32c of the spindle 32
, 32d, and 32e, a connecting sleeve 40 is formed with a polygonal connecting structure 40a on its inner surface; 1 ratchet element and
a second ratchet element fixed to the housing opposite the first ratchet element and having ratchet teeth 23;
g) a coil spring 28 biasing the ratchet tooth 22 of the first ratchet element away from the ratchet tooth 23 of the second ratchet element; (h) the first, second, The first and second portions adjacent to the third polygonal connection structure portions 32c, 32d, and 32e
, a mode selection means that can be engaged with the third shaft positions 32f, 32g, and 32h, and a power tool comprising each of the elements (a) to (h) above, in which the mode selection means is connected to the connecting sleeve 40. is positioned in the axial direction and the mode selection means engages the first shaft position 32f, the connecting sleeve is in the most retracted position, and the connecting sleeve 40 is positioned between the shaft 20 and the spindle 32. The spindle 32 can also be connected by pressing the processing tool.
does not move in the axial direction, and a drill mode is formed in which only the rotation of the shaft 20 is transmitted to the spindle 32, and when the mode selection means engages the second shaft position 32g, the connecting sleeve 40 moves in the direction of the shaft 20. and the spindle 32
By pressing the processing tool, the spindle 32 moves back and the ratchet teeth 22 and 23 engage with each other, and rotation from the shaft 20 is transmitted to the spindle 32, creating a combination of hammer and drill. mode is formed, and the mode selection means selects the third axis position 32h.
When the connecting sleeve 40 is engaged with the shaft 20, the connecting sleeve 40 is separated from the shaft 20, and due to the pressing of the machining tool, the connecting sleeve 40 is moved away from the spindle 32.
The power tool is characterized in that the ratchet teeth 22 and 23 are engaged with each other to form a hammer mode.