JPS599912Y2 - Visual acuity and binocular vision testing device test card - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention is mainly used in group eye examinations at schools and companies, etc., and has a built-in optotype that allows for comprehensive testing of visual acuity, astigmatism, stereopsis, and eye position. This paper relates to improvements to visual acuity and binocular vision test cards on which the test results are recorded and used for judgment.

Generally, in visual acuity tests, the distance visual acuity of the unaided eye is measured from a distance of 5 m using an eye occlusion using a visual acuity chart for one eye at a time. It is well known that the

For this reason, in group eye examinations at schools, companies, etc., an eye chart and other optotypes are installed inside the case, and when the examinee is looking with both eyes through the binocular peepholes on the front of the case, one eye is BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Binocular visual acuity and binocular vision testing devices that can comprehensively test visual acuity and astigmatism in both eyes, as well as stereoscopic vision and eye position in both eyes, are widely used.

As mentioned above, this device has a built-in optical path shielding mechanism using various optotypes, lenses, polarizing plates, etc. that can be switched freely.
It has a compact shape that can be transported and moved, and is easy to operate.

Therefore, in the above-mentioned group examinations, an examiner other than a specialist, such as a nurse or a school teacher, usually operates the device, and examinees examine various optotypes and write the test results answered on a predetermined test card. This allows major eye examinations to be performed efficiently in about 30 seconds per person.

This test card is used by a specialist to judge visual acuity and other conditions.The test card for this device, which has been commonly used in the past, has a simple format in which the tester writes down the test subject's answers. There are many things.

That is, various examination types, for example (1) right eye visual acuity, (2)
There is a column showing only items such as left eye visual acuity, (3) binocular visual acuity, and (4) stereopsis, and a column where the test subject's answer can be written in next to the item column, for example, for a visual acuity examiner. Arabic numerals of different sizes or Landolt rings of different sizes and cut positions are arranged in an array, and in many cases only a test result column is printed on which the tester can mark the numbers.

In addition, some test cards are also used which are printed with a judgment column in which the visual acuity value and other judgment items determined by a specialist can be entered based on the entries in the test result column.

However, when a specialist makes a judgment by looking at the record on the test card as described above, unlike the case where the specialist makes a judgment by looking at a large optotype that is usually installed at an eye clinic or an eyeglass specialty store, the judgment depends on each test item. It is necessary to memorize the formats, patterns, and font sizes of different optotypes when making judgments, or else use a judgment guide that describes appropriate judgment criteria, which makes it easier to save a large number of records during group medical examinations, etc. The disadvantage of making a judgment based on time is not only inefficiency but also the possibility of errors in judgment.

At present, the use of inspection devices having a built-in optotype as described above has become popular, and there is a current demand for a test card that is compatible with the inspection device in use and capable of making accurate and more efficient judgments.

In view of the above-mentioned current situation, this device is a visual acuity and binocular vision testing device that has built-in optotypes and other items conventionally used in group medical examinations, and allows various ophthalmological examinations to be performed while the examinee has both eyes open through the peephole. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a test card that allows easy, efficient, and accurate judgment of the results of the comprehensive test by improving the test card of the present invention.

In other words, an index is provided inside a single case, and multiple ophthalmologic examinations such as visual acuity in one eye at a time and stereoscopic vision in both eyes are performed with the examinee opening both eyes through the binocular peep holes on the front of the case. When performing a comprehensive ophthalmological examination using a device designed for this purpose, a photograph or diagram showing the actual condition of the optotypes built into the case used for each of the multiple examination types shall be included for each examination on the examination card that records the examination results. This invention relates to a test card for a visual acuity and binocular vision testing device that is characterized by displaying information by type.

Embodiments of this invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of the external appearance and internal structure of a distance visual acuity and binocular vision testing device as an example of a testing device using the testing card of this invention.

Reference numeral 1 is a case, 1A is a rubber cushion fitted to a part that comes into contact with the subject's forehead, 2 is a support, and 3 is a leg.

Reference numeral 4 denotes the peepholes for both eyes, each of which has one +10D (tection ophthalmology) convex lens inside.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a binocular optical path partition plate, which has the same effect as switching and shielding the optical path with a polarizing plate in front of each eye.

Reference numeral 6 denotes film-like optotypes provided in windows on each side of a hexagonal drum 7 rotatably supported by the case 1.

The distance between this optotype 6 and the convex lens is set to approximately 10 cm.

There is a light source and a diffuser plate in the middle of the drum No. 7, which illuminates the optotype No. 6 from behind and maintains the illuminance of the optotype surface at 500 to 800 lux.

8 is the transformer for the light source, and 9 is a power cord.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a dial for switching the optotype 6 for each inspection item (the switching mechanism is not shown), which is provided on the side of the case and is manually turned by the operator.

The above is a commercially available popular testing device that can test visual acuity only at distance (unaided vision at a distance of 5 m) and binocular vision for group medical examinations, and is small, simple in structure, and inexpensive. This is an overview of the structure.

Next, a visual acuity/binocular vision test card according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is used during an ophthalmological test using the test apparatus described above, will be explained with reference to FIG.

Reference numeral 11 is card paper, and there are no particular restrictions on paper quality or paper thickness, but JIS B5 size is recommended for convenience of organization.

The 12th storm in the upper right corner is the attached patient medical record number field, and the items to be filled in outside the space are 13th examination date and month, 8th, 14th name, 1st.
For Grade 5 students, it would be a good idea to set up a group dedicated to the school.

Reference numeral 16 indicates the classification for far vision or near vision, and as mentioned above, the embodiment card of FIG. 2 is for far vision.

The left end 17 of the column is the display number 1 to 6 of the switching dial 10 in Fig. 1, and the examination type column 18 is a requirement of this invention, and the test item display and the optotype used for it (6 in Fig. 1) are indicated. Photographs P1 to P1o showing the actual situation are posted.

The result entry field 19 on the right side is designed to allow the examiner to enter the answers of the examinee in a clerical manner.
Each Arabic numeral (this may be a Landolt ring) in the left eye visual acuity test result entry field is the same size and arrangement as the optotype, and by filling in this field, there is no room for error and the judgment is easy. It is something that can be done.

In the next judgment column 20, the specialist makes a judgment by referring to the result column 19 above and the optotype shape diagrams P1 to P1o, and marks the relevant items such as the judged visual acuity value and eye characteristics.

The rightmost column 21 is a notes column in which information such as whether a reexamination is necessary or not and other precautions for the examinee are entered.

The above is the structure of the inspection card according to the embodiment, and next, a specific example of the items to be filled out during the actual inspection and the judgment thereof will be described.

As mentioned above, dials A1 and 2 are used by reading the numbers on the optotype (some of them are from Landolt's ring) one line at a time from the top left with both eyes open.For example, when testing the right eye, the left eye Because the examiner sees a plain optotype (not shown) with the same brightness as the background of the index for the right eye, the examiner can undergo a monocular examination with a natural feeling as if he were looking at the same thing with both eyes. ,
In this way, distance visual acuity can be measured for each eye.

In this type of commercially available apparatus, many of the apparatuses for this one-eye examination are equipped with an optical path shielding device that selectively operates the polarizing plate in the eyepiece section and in front of the optotype, but the effect is the same.

The next eye position test, Dial A3, is usually called a strabismus test, and involves measuring the strabismus angle using a Maddox square scale or a Maddox small birch.

This is because the index P4 has the same effect as the above-mentioned Madox correct cut length, and the index P3 has the same effect as the above-mentioned Madox small rod.

By looking at P3 with the left eye and P4 with the right eye, if the eye is normal, the vertical line of P4 will intersect at the position of the number "6" on the index of P3, and the horizontal line will intersect at the position of the number "U" of P3. intersect.

If this is seen by a person with strabismus, for example, if the vertical line of P4 intersects with "8." of P3, it will be determined that there is esotropia as shown on the test card, and there will be a 4° angle in each eye. It was immediately determined that the prism should be worn with the base facing outward.

Also, the perspective of strabismus where the horizontal line of P4 intersects with “o” is
Since the patient answers that there is a vertical hypoplasia, this is considered to be a vertical hypophoria, and the determination is based on the above-mentioned gap between internal and external phoria.

This eye position test cannot be performed unless the patient looks at this test card.
Since the patient does not know the normal position "6" and "U", no conscious eye position correction is performed, so an accurate examination can be performed.

Next, the stereoscopic vision test on dial A4 is a test of stereoscopic effect or depth sensation, and optotypes P5 and P6 have exactly the same pattern, but the right optotype P6 is used as the reference, and the numbers on the left optotype P5 are (IX5X6) has no deviation at all, but (2) has a deviation to the right, followed by (3X4X7).

When looking at P6 and P5 with normal eyes, they are related to the light angle of convergence of the eye (
It appears to rise in the order of 2)-(3)=(4)-(7).

An eye to be examined that gives an answer out of order is determined to have stereopsis abnormality.

The next dial, A5, has a picture of lightning, a cicada, and a kite on the left optotype P7, and a picture of a cicada and a proboscis kite on the right P8, and the normal eye sees the lightning on P7 and the proboscis on P8, and both eyes see it. Due to the fusion effect, the cicada kites appear as one, and as a result, the above three kite pictures are clearly visible.

However, the subject's eye, which can only see two things: lightning and cicadas, has inhibition in his right eye, meaning that he sees only with his left eye.

Also, if a pai can only see cicadas and proboscis kites, it can be determined that there is an abnormality in the left eye.

The next simultaneous vision test A6 is a joint test of charcoal 3 and shogun 5, and is used, for example, to test the eye position of young children who cannot read.

By asking the patient to answer whether there is a car in the house and asking the direction, it is possible to determine if there is a mediolateral or external tropia, and the patient is then sent for another detailed examination.

The above are specific examples of the inspection results and their determinations when inspected using the inspection apparatus shown in FIG.

This invention is not limited to the format and diagram of the inspection card shown in FIG. 2, nor is the inspection item limited to the far-sight inspection device shown in FIG. 1 that records this inspection card. do not have.

For example, it is easy to insert an appropriate prism and -3D (diopter) lens into the configuration shown in FIG.

In addition, devices have been devised in which multiple lenses with different focal lengths are placed in contact with the peepholes of both eyes and can be switched manually or automatically. The test card of this invention is designed to be suitable.

Since this device is structured as described above, when conducting group examinations using a test device with a built-in optotype, it is possible for non-specialists to enter the test responses of test subjects without clerical errors. When a specialist makes a judgment, it is possible to provide a convenient test card that allows the specialist to make a judgment as accurately and efficiently as if he or she were examining a large visual target.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is an external perspective view and an explanatory diagram of a part of the internal structure of a visual acuity and binocular vision testing device for group medical examinations using test cards as recording sheets, and Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram of a part of the internal structure. FIG. 1 is an example of a device-specific inspection card. 1... Case, 2... Support, 3...
...Legs, 4...Both eyes peephole, 5...
・Optical path partition plate, 6... Optotype drum, 7...
...Optotype (film), 8...Light source transformer,
10...Optotype switching dial, 11...
Inspection card paper, 12... Medical record Ajl4, P
1~P1o... Actual photo of optotype, 19...
...Inspection result entry field.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] 1. Optical targets are provided inside the case, and when the subject opens both eyes through the binocular peep holes on the front of the case, the visual acuity of one eye at a time and the visual acuity of both eyes are measured. When performing a comprehensive ophthalmological examination using a device designed to perform multiple ophthalmic examinations such as stereoscopic vision, the optotypes built into the case used for each of the multiple examination types are used on the examination card that records the examination results. A test card for a visual acuity and binocular vision test device, characterized in that a photograph or a diagram showing the actual state is displayed for each test type. 2. Testing of the visual acuity and binocular vision testing device as set forth in claim 1 of the utility model registration claim, which displays a figure similar to the optotype built into the case in the test result entry field for recording the test results for each test type. card. 3 Claim for utility model registration, Paragraph 1, which indicates the relationship between the entry results in the test result entry column for each test type and the judgment in the judgment column for determining the visual acuity value and other characteristics of the eye to be examined based on the test results. Test card for visual acuity and binocular vision test device as described.