JPS5996120A - Manufacture of foam - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a new foam product suitable for use as a thermal insulation material in the building industry.

Although previously considered resin systems are included, they were not used together in the systems disclosed herein. One of these systems is based on a urethane-forming reaction in which incyanate reacts with a compound containing hydroxyl groups. The second reaction involved is trimerization of isocyanates, a reaction used in the production of polyisocyanate products. Finally, the third reaction involved is the curing of the unsaturated polyester resin with the crosslinking vinyl monomer in the presence of a free radical catalyst. The present invention combines these reactions in a manner not previously available by mixing two or more streams of reactants, as will be fully explained below.

One example of such conventional operation is U.S. Pat. No. 3,860,537 (197
5 years). In the system disclosed in that patent, a polyurethane precursor mixture consisting of a polyol and 41J incyanate is mixed with a polyester resin precursor consisting of an unsaturated polyester and an unsaturated monomer.

These mixtures of precursors are such that the precursors in the mixture react so that the mixture of the polyfunctional compound and the ethylenically unsaturated polyester is substantially reversible with the polyisocyanate, and the mixture of the ethylenically unsaturated polyester and the unsaturated The monomers are mixed and partially cured so that they are not substantially copolymerized. The patent is for the second polymerization? It states that it will be implemented after that. In the system disclosed in this specification,
All of the reactions occur substantially simultaneously.

Additional work in this area is represented by Hutchinson et al., US Pat. No. 3,886,229 (1975), which does not disclose foam products. In the system of Noh Tsuchinson et al., as in Graham et al., a polyurethane precursor containing at least one diisocyanate and at least one difunctional compound is combined with an unsaturated polyester in the polyester. A polymeric product is formed by mixing with a second component comprising a cured polyester resin precursor comprising an unsaturated group and at least one copolymerizable heptamer. From the description of the invention disclosed herein, it will be apparent that different premixes are made prior to mixing and reacting the various components.

In view of the above, one object of the present invention is to provide a new
The object of the present invention is to provide a new system for producing thermal foam boards.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an insulating foam board based on unsaturated polyester resin that allows for high filler loading.

Another object of the invention is to
4 in ASTM E84 test with fire spread less than 5.
An object of the present invention is to provide an insulating foam board with a smoke generation of less than 50.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading this disclosure.

Broadly speaking, the present invention comprises a solution of an unsaturated polyester resin dissolved in a copolymerizable monomer that is 60% to 80% unsaturated polyester resin by weight, a small amount of urethane reaction catalyst, and at least one Polyol composition''IvJA consisting of polyisocyanate, at least one organic compound having a function of assisting in the decomposition of peroxide, and at least one silicone surfactant; ) Incyanate composition B comprising at least one specific peroxide, a urethane reaction cocatalyst, which functions as an ester resin curing catalyst;
at least one of compositions A and B contains a blowing agent, and by polyincyanate trimerization and urethane reaction between the incyanate groups and the hydroxyl groups in the polyol and unsaturated polyester. It consists of creaming and foaming the mixture as a result of the heat generated, which heat is sufficient to cause gas evolution from the blowing agent and cross-linking of the unsaturated 4-lyester with the copolymerizable monomer. A method for producing a modified polyester foam having a density of (0,008-0,64!7/cubic fee)
as well as the products of the method. The blowing agent is composition A.
It will be appreciated that it can be used in or in B, or it can be split between both components, or it can be added as a third stream or composition vIJG. When using materials that are liquid under mixing conditions, such as halogenated hydrocarbons, viscosity considerations determine the distribution of the blowing agent.

It is clear that three basic reactions are being discouraged. These are urethane forming OC: N-Pi-NGO+HO-R1-OH-1-→Old 0CN-R-N-C-○R1-○H Tenthermal polyisocyanate Sankeika R Ro and unsaturated, c61J Bond 2 R-G Tsukasa-
In R1 [φ-C-C) □ → R-C-C-R1 [0-C-
φ].

R1-C-C-R ■ It is.

The foams of the present invention as noted above are made by mixing two compositions containing specific materials. Polyurethane foams are flammable products and are not suitable for high loadings of mineral fillers such as the products described herein. do not have. 4F Qualitatively speaking, (at high filling rates sufficient for flammability, urethane foam has a high density, is easily crushed, and has poor insulation properties due to its continuous thin-jar structure.Polyisocyanate foam Polystyrene foams are expensive and extremely fragile due to the incyanate component.Additionally, the reaction is difficult to control.Polystyrene foams have problems with heating, have relatively low R-values, and have poor solvent resistance. .

Although there can be considerable variation in the compositions used to make these foam products, the
A preferred range of materials has been developed. (then,
A more specific embodiment of the invention is that, on a weight basis, part solution is 0.1-1.
Organic potassium salt solution containing 515% potassium
0.05-8 triethylenediamine 0-5 ethylene dalycol 1.7-25 diethylene glycol 1.7-25 glycerin 1.7-25
Hydrated alumina 0-1
50 trichlorofluoromethane 2
0-50 silicone-glycol polymer
02 power of composition A consisting of 0.5-4)
4.4 sounds.

Preferably from 1.9 to 2.9 parts of polymethylene phenol isocyanate with a functionality of 1 to 4 1102.5
-dimethyl-2,5-bis(2-ethyl-hexanoylperoxy)hexane 02-4Dimethyltin dimerkaztite-0,1,-1 is mixed with the 1-note IS of polyisocyanate composition B, The heat generated by the isocyanate trimerization and the urethane reaction between the incyanate groups and the hydroxyl groups in the polyol and unsaturated polyester causes the mixture to become thick and foam, and the heat causes gas from the blowing agent to 05 to 40, which is sufficient to cause cross-linking between the generated and unsaturated polyester and the styrene.
pound/cubic fee)'(0,008-0,649/c
trt 3) and products of the process. As mentioned above, trichlorofluoromethane can be used in polyisocyanate composition B.

Cream time should be 15±10 seconds.

Unsaturated polyesters are the reaction products of one or more polyhydric carboxylic acids and one or more polyhydric alcohols. One or more of the components of the polyester must be ethylenically unsaturated, preferably a polycarboxylic component. Typical unsaturated polycarboxylic acids are fumaric acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid, citraconic acid,
Contains more dihydric carboxylic acids such as. Among these, maleic anhydride and fumaric acid are preferred. Representative saturated polycarboxylic acids include dicarboxylic acids such as phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, superric acid, sebacic acid, azelaic acid, and the like.

Typical polyhydric alcohols include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, glycols such as ethylene glycol, tetraethylene tallycol, fluorene glycol, and hexylene glycol; glycerin, trimethylol,
) Triols such as IJ methylolpropane, and hihexanetriol;

Ethylenically unsaturated polyesters are usually flexible or semi-rigid polyesters, although mixtures thereof may also be used together with rigid polyesters. The soft polyester is a vinylitine monomer (preferably styrene)
from about 10 to about 10,000 psi
(0,7 to 700 kg/cnz2), while semi-rigid polyester has a bullet IIA nimodulus of about 1 o
, ooo to 150,000 psi (700 to 10.
It has a 51 modulus of 9/ctn2) in 5 q O'. Additionally, 150,000 to 600,000 psi
(10,500 to 42,000kg/C7n2)
Rigid polyesters forming copolymers with an elastic modulus of can be used in addition to soft and semi-rigid polyesters. Generally, the non-rigid polyester is about 95-50 mole percent saturated dicarboxylic acid and a corresponding 5-50 mole percent alpha.

It contains beta ethylenically unsaturated dihydric carboxylic acid, while the polyhydric alcohol component is mainly glycol.

Generally, the longer the chain length of the glycol or saturated dicarboxylic acid component forming the polyester, the softer the polyester. Aromatic components (which are considered saturates for the purposes of this invention), specifically phthalic acid, have a negative impact on long chain saturated aliphatic components in reducing the elastic modulus of the copolymer. is not valid. However, phthalic acid is usually the preferred ingredient because of its low cost.

The ethylenically unsaturated monosaturated polyester component is about 30 to 80
It consists of resin-forming components that can be polymerized to a certain degree. The remaining 70 to 20% by weight of the polyester component is vinyl aromatics such as vinyltoluene, styrene, alpha methylstyrene, divinylbenzene, dichlorostyrene; methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate-1. , alkyl esters of alpha, beta ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, such as; vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate; Preferred vinylitine monomers are styrene and vinyltoluene. If desired, diallyl phthalate and trialkyl cyanuride-1. such as:', rrq! Other difunctional substances can be added to the crude product.

Urethane reaction catalysts are well known. Chain extension anti-Jl where polyol reacts with isocyanate to form polyurethane? is promoted by tertiary amines, especially when they contain metal promoters. Suitable tertiary amines include triethylenediamine, tetramethylttanediamine, triethylamine, n-methylmorpholine, N-ethylmorpholine, diethylethanolamine, N-cocomorpholine, 1-methyl-4-dimethylamine, ethylpiradine,
6-medoxy N-dimethylpropylamine, N-dimethyl-N'-methylisopropylpropyleneamine, N
, N-diethyl-3-diethylaminopropylamine,
and dimethylbenzylamine.

including. Suitable metal cocatalysts for effecting urethane formation include, for example, copper, tin, zinc, lead, such as metal carboxylates having about 2 to 20 carbon atoms.

It is an organometallic compound such as mercury, mium, hismuth, conylmide, mannomene, antimony, iron, etc.
For example, stannous octoate, stannous chloride, dimethyltin mercaptide, dinotyltin dilaurate, dinotyltin diacetate, digtyltin di-2-ethylhexoate, ferric acetylacetonate), lead octyl -ate, tin oleate, conolathnaphthenate, lead naphthinate, mixtures thereof, etc. The catalyst is preferably used in liquid form. Catalysts that are not normally liquid may be added as a solution in a solvent.

One group of polyisocyanate trimerization catalysts are tertiary amines, an example of which is triethylamine.

N, N', N''-) Lis(dimethylaminepropyl)
Hexahydrotriazine, 2,4.6-1-lis (
dimethylaminomethyl)phenol, and tetramethylethylenediamine.

Another polyisocyanate trimerization catalyst system is a ternary system that initially includes an amine salt, preferably a quaternary amine, such as the DABCOT MR series catalyst from Air Products and Chemicals, Allentown, Va. Specific examples include DABCOTMt (and DABCOTMR-2), which are amine salts, particularly quaternary ammonium compounds, suspended in high boiling organic solvents such as glycols.

For example, DABCOTMR-2 is a liquid composition of N-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium salt of formic acid, which has an ammonia odor and has a hydroxyl value of 685 in glycol.
The boiling point is approximately 250F (12IC) and the specific gravity of 25C is 1. The pH of a 6% O55 aqueous solution is approximately 6.5.

A second catalyst component that may be used in addition to the amine salt catalyst is a metal carboxylate salt. Examples include metal salts of aromatic carboxylic acids such as lead naphtonite and metal salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids such as potassium acetate. More specific examples include Preferably,
The metal salt is potassium 2-ethylhexoate, also known as octoate, which may be obtained as a mixture with a solvent carrier. Thus, the T-45 catalyst material sold by M & T Chemicals (Rohway, New Jersey) is a 65% solution of potassium 2-ethylhexoate in polypropylene glycol with a content of 14%, Glycol has a hydroxyl value of 265 and may be used in the present invention in amounts ranging from 0.05 to 8% by weight of total starting materials. Additionally, DM-955<S sold by M&T Chemicals may be used.

This is diluted with polypropylene glycol to a content of 10%. Other metal carboxylates include tin carboxylates and mixtures of tin and potassium. Examples of these materials include the CNF series sold by Muma M&T Chemicals. Specifically speaking,
CNF-576 has a potassium and tin content of 106% and 1.5% by weight, respectively. GNF-667 has a potassium and tin content of 6.9% and 78% by weight, respectively. A third catalyst component that can be used with the three mentioned above is a dimethylamine methyl-substituted phenol based compound. An example is the DMP series of catalysts sold by Rohm Antonos, Inc. of Philadelphia, NC.

Specific examples include DMP-10 and DMP-30, which are 2,4. /S-) Lis (dimethylaminomethylphenol, a brand of Rohm Antonose).

Typical compounds that supply metal ions that help decompose peroxide are potassium, chloride, and chloride.

Contains salts such as vanadium, manganese and lead, and acetylacetonate. These promoters should be soluble in the polyester mixture; common commercial products are octoates and naphthinates.

Although a single low molecular weight polyol can be used.
However, since different polyols provide different materials for the foam product, it is preferred to use mixtures thereof. Examples include olefin, ethylene glycol,
Diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol 5-glycerin, etc. Ethylene glycol reacts quickly and produces very hard foams. As with diethylene glycol, the flexibility of the foam product increases as the length of the carbon chain increases. Is a compound like glycerin, which has one trifunctional element, raw? It helps to further cross-link within the 4-molecule.

Typical blowing agents are (a) trichloromonofluoromethane, nochlorodifluoromethane, dibromotetrafluoroethane, trichlorotrifluoroethane, methylene chloride, pentane, trichloroethane, benzene, n-
(b) water, a low-boiling inert solvent such as hexane or sodium
Compounds that generate carbon dioxide by reacting with isocyanates, such as water-of-hydration containing compounds, nitroalkanes, aldoximes, acid amides, enolizable compounds, etc.; (C) ammonium bicarbonate; Azobisisonotyronitrile, azoaminopenzole, dinitro R tamethylenetetramine.

A compound that generates gas by thermal decomposition due to the heat or reaction provided in foam formation, such as.

Preferred blowing agents are compounds included in group (a);
The blowing agent of choice is trichloromonofluoromethane. Group (b) compounds are less preferred for insulation foams because their use results in open cell foams. Preferably.

The system should be essentially water-free, or as close to this condition as possible.

The silicone surfactants found to be useful for the present invention to ensure trapping and uniform dispersion of gaseous products are characterized by the nature of the linking group between the organosiloxane and the oxyalkylene moiety of the molecule. Contains silicone-oxydialkylene lock copolymers, which are divided into two types depending on the Thus, this silicone surfactant
It is characterized in that it is hydrolyzable when the moieties are bonded by silicon-oxygen-carbon bonds, and non-hydrolyzable when the 5 bonds are silicon-carbon. It has been found that concentrations in amounts of about 1% by weight are satisfactory, with a practical range in the range of about 0.5-4% by weight.

Silicone surfactants are available under a number of trade names known to those skilled in the art. Some of the silicone surfactants particularly useful in the present invention are Union Carbide's L-520,
L-562, L-550, L-5640, L-5350
, L54 [1, L, 5710, L-5410, and L
-5420; General Electric's 5F-1066
; and Dow Corning's 196°195.197.19
0 and Q2-5098.

Inorganic fillers useful in foams include mica powder, finely ground clay powder, calcium carbonate, fumes, hydroxide [hyaluminum, aluminum trihydrate, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, quartz, silicic acid] Contains sodium, etc. The above additives are conveniently used in the range of 0 to 150 parts, preferably 80 to 125 parts, based on 100 parts by weight of the unsaturated polyester/unsaturated monomer mixture in the foam-forming composition. Optionally, the production transition 7 can be reinforced with glass fiber material.

Regarding aromatic polyisocyanates, toluene diisocyanate (2,4- and (also) 2,6-isomers), nphenylmethane diincyane-r-, naphthalene diisocyanate (e.g. 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate) ), triphenylmethane triisocyanate, anisidine diincyanate, xylylene diincyanate, tris(isocyanatophenyl)thiophosphate, a polycondensate of aniline and formaldehyde, and a polycondensate obtained by the reaction of phosgene with the following general formula. Mention may be made of mixtures of methylene polyphenylisocyanates (so-called crude-MDI or polymerized incyanates).

Diacyl peroxides are commonly used with amines and mercaptans as promoters, while metal salts are used with peroxyesters and ketone peroxides. Examples of diacyl peroxides are 2,4-dichloropendiyl peroxide, R-methyl peroxide, diisobutyl peroxide, diisononanoyl peroxide, decanoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, acetyl peroxide and amber. Contains 1 yen peroxide. Typical peroxy esters are t-glythyl peroxybenzoate and t-glythyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate.

t-butylperoxybiparate, t-butylperoxyneodecanoate% t-butylperoxymalein if, t-butyldiperoxyquinophthalate, t-butylisopropyl monobaroxyquine carbonate, 2,5
-dimethyl-2,5-bis(2-ef)rehegisanoylverioquine)hexane', and 2,5-dimethyl-2.
Contains 5-bis(benzoylperoxy)hexane.

Ketone peroxides include methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, human 90oxyheptyl peroxide, and 2,
Contains 4-pentanedione peroxide. Peroxy esters are preferred; diluents must not be used as these will interfere with the reaction.

Dyes may be added if a colored product is desired, but these do not form part of the invention.

Other flame retardants of the aforementioned hydrated fillers include reactive and non-reactive phosphorus compounds, including halogen-containing phosphorus compounds.

mixtures of halogenated compounds and metal derivatives. The phosphorus compounds are ○, O-diethyl-N, N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-aminomethylphosphonate (phyllol 6), lithium orthophosphate) i-! Js(2-
chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(betachloropropyl)-phosphate, dimethyl(2-chloroethyl)vinyl phosphate. Halogenated compounds include dinolomostyrene, salt aged paraffin (chlorowax 200), diglomoptanediol, tetranolomofucrate, and the like. When the flame retardant contains a substantial hydroxyl component, the flame retardant may replace a portion of the polyol.

The insulating foam boats of the present invention are typically 0.25 to 4 inches (0.63 to 10 crrL) thick and 1
Inches (2.5 cm) are the most common. Also, the dimensions of the ξ channel are usually 4 feet x 8 feet 1- (1, 2,
1x2.4m).

This type of foam product typically has a fascia as part of the manufacturing process and to protect the foam.
) is made with. Various types of paper-) Koma components were used in this area;
It has been found that aluminum foil with an epoxy coating having a thickness of 5v,w) is particularly suitable.

The following implementation example 11 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the invention, but should not be considered unduly limiting.

EXAMPLE A formulation was made using the following proportions: Polyol side 2825" 100 100 1
00 100 Cobalt naphthenate 0.1
25 0.125 0.125 0.125 Potassium H
ex-Gem (Mooney Chemical Company)
0.25 0,25 0,25 0.2
5 Sahydrotriazine 1.0 1.0
1.0 1.0 ethylene glycol
5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 Diethylene glycol 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.
0 Glycerin 5.0 5.0
5.0 5.0 (trichloromonofluoromethane)
40 40 4.0 40 experiment number
1 2 3 4 DC-197 Ascendant Activator 2.0 2.0
2.0 2.0 Phylol 6 (0,○-diethyl-N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino-methyl-phosphonate) 4.0 6.0
6.0 6.0 Freon 113 (1-dichloro-1-fluoro-2-chloro-2-difluoroethane) ---10,0
Iso 1 rule Monteeur MR (Polymethylene polyphenylisocyanate ■.Functional filri: 2.7)
100 100 90 100L-24 (in dimethyl: J mercaptide) 0.5
0.5 0.5 0.5 Rubazol 25
6 (2,5-dimethino L-2,5-bis(2-x5-hexanoylperoxy)hexane)
2.0 2.0 2.0
2.0 Mixing ratio (polyol/iso) 2.57:1
2.59:12.87:12. b8: 11 inches (2,
5 CTL) thickness using a Cornilark air-supported conveyor laminator foam board production machine designed to produce polyurethane foams with a Kemartin Sweets Flextumatic 100 Uesotoend supply system. I made it. In the Cornilak making machine, the top and bottom conveyor surfaces are made of polished steel plates (5) that have a large number of small air holes arranged in a grid pattern extending over the entire surface. The board is heated and floated along the conveyor by forcing it through a conveyor. Temperatures during these experiments ranged from 170 to 220F (77-105C). When meeting the plate, it is adjusted by the spacing of the perforated plate,
Airflow through the holes is restricted. The air pressure is thus increased to hold the foam slightly away from the surface of the polished steel plate. The speed of the production line is approximately 20 feet/minute (6 m
/min) and is limited by the length of the conveyor laminator. Increasing the length of the conveyor increases the line speed. Good quality unmarked boards were constructed in each experiment. The Martin Sweets wet end system is a three-component pumping system with a mass flow meter and includes a crossfeed system, calender rolls, leveling tines and hydraulic mixing heads. The liquid components were held at a temperature of 68F (20C) prior to mixing and discharge onto the lower fascia. The physical properties of these foams are shown in the table below.

Fire resistance test data experiment 1 41 -12.8
21943 -132170 36 -4.1 139 Experiment 2 40 -12.1
21725 -13.1 14928
-9.1 136 Experiment 3 30 -5.9
14543 -9.5 175 26 -8.2 14.9 Experiment 4 22 -10.
9 13825 -16.2 12]4
．． 1-7.2 78 At least three other systems are available for board manufacture, one of which is the slat board laminator, which is currently most widely used in the rigid foam industry. It involves the use of two conveyor belts, one above the other. The foam drug is placed between the hard or soft overlays and they are then placed into the gap between the conveyor belts.

Foam rises and fills the gaps between the belts. Belts are generally constructed of steel or aluminum slats 3-10 in/inch (7,5-250 TL) wide and 4 feet long (120 cm); these slats hold the endless belt. interconnected to form. These subplates rest on ball or roller bearings. These are driven by large variable speed motors and gear assemblies. Typical length for slatboard laminator is 60 feet (18C
In), usually 40 to 60 fees), 7 minutes (1
Operate at a belt speed of 2 to 18 m/min). Although the products produced are often of very high quality and thickness,
However, the surface of the finished board sometimes has lines or ridge lines that correspond to the connecting lines of the small boards.

Heating or cooling of the foam board, if required, is accomplished by introducing conditioned air into the interior of the valley condenser.

Another system is the free-rise laminator, which consists of a charging station for a precise amount of foam drug and a calender roll for spreading this liquid drug evenly between the foil facings. Let your head stand up without restraint in a long foaming bath. The shell is removed from the bath, cooled slightly and cut into lengths and sides. The laminate boards produced are of good quality and have an excellent appearance. However, the major drawback of this system is the non-uniform thickness of the finished board.

Finally, there are precision nip roll laminators, which are a variation of free-rise yarn. This laminator uses all (the same The nip rollers are usually driven at a face speed equal to the line speed of the foam board, thus forcing the foam out of the system.Thickness unevenness is removed by friction before it is fully cured. This system is preferred for the production of the foam of the invention.

In addition to the laminators described above, the foaming can be carried out in closed molds such as foam-in-place architectural insulation.

Although particular embodiments of the invention have been shown, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that substantial modifications may be made within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Patent applicant Standard Oil Can 7 Minnie (
(4 people outside)

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A solvent for an unsaturated polyester resin dissolved in a polymerizable monomer, which is 30-80% by weight an unsaturated polyester resin, at least one urethane reaction catalyst, at least one a polyisocyanate trimerization catalyst, at least one organic compound that functions as a peroxide decomposition catalyst, at least one low molecular weight f+)ol, and at least one silicone surfactant, a polyisocyanate, at least one organic peroxide that functions as an unsaturated polyester resin curing catalyst, and a urethane reaction cocatalyst); One includes a blowing agent and creams and foams the mixture as a result of the heat generated by polyincyanate trimerization and the urethane reaction between the incyanate groups and the hydroxyl groups in the polyol and unsaturated polyester. Becomes,
The above heat is sufficient to cause gas evolution from the blowing agent and cross-linking of the unsaturated polyester with the copolymerizable monomer. A method for producing a modified polyester foam having a density of 649/cm3). 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the blowing agent forms part of composition A. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein said blowing agent comprises at least one halohydrocarbon. 4. The above foam is 0.625 inches to 4 inches (0.6
5% to 10%. :ML). A method according to claim 1. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the upper surface and the downwardly facing surface of the foam are provided. 6. Incorporate inorganic filler into composition A in an amount of 80 to 150 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the unsaturated polyester/unsaturated monomer mixture in composition A. A method according to claim 1. Z By weight, solution of resin 100 organic cobalt salt solution W<, cobalt, 12%) 0.1-1.5
Organic potassium salt solution (K, 15%) 0.00
5-8 triethylenediamine 0
-5 Azine 0-5 Ethylene Glycol 1.7-25
Dienalene glycol 1.7-2
5 Glycerin 1.7-25
Nj,; Nate
0-40 water phase alumina
0-150 trichlorofluoromethane
20-50 Silicone Cook IJ: O12 to 4.4 parts of polyol composition A consisting of 0.5-4 ff-ru copolymer, 0.1-1 dimethyltin dimercaptide
and one part of incyanate composition B consisting of. creaming and foaming of said mixture as a result of the heat generated by polyincyanate trimerization and the urethane reaction between the incyanate groups and the hydroxyl groups in the polyol and unsaturated polyester, said heat being removed from the blowing agent. gas generation and cross-linking of the unsaturated polyester and styrene. 05 to 40 pounds per cubic foot (0,008-
A method for producing a modified polyester foam having a density of 0.64 mm/CTt3). 8. A solution of an unsaturated polyester resin dissolved in a copolymerizable monomer, of which 60-80% by weight is an unsaturated polyester resin, at least one urethane reaction catalyst; at least one polyinsyanate trimerization catalyst; at least one organic compound that functions as a peroxide decomposition catalyst; at least one low molecular weight polyol; at least one silicone surfactant; at least one organic compound that functions as an unsaturated polyester resin curing agent; peroxide, at least one urethane reaction catalyst, and a blowing agent, and heat generated by polyincyanate trimerization and the urethane reaction between the incyanate groups and the hydroxyl groups in the polyol and unsaturated polyester. As a result, the co-compound is creamed and foamed such that the heat is sufficient to cause gas evolution from the blowing agent and cross-linking of the unsaturated polyester and the copolymerizable motumer. 045-40 bonds/cubic foot (0,008-0,64?/cm
3) A method for producing a tangible material made from modified polyester having a density of