JPS599457A - Solar energy collecting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To oppose a solar heat collecting panel to the sun correctly at all times and collect the solar energy efficiently by a method wherein a solar beams collecting panel, provided with a directly arriving sunshine sensor, is attached to a sun tracking device to drive the tracking device in accordance with the output of the sensor. CONSTITUTION:The directly arriving sunshine meter 1 is attached to the surface of the solar beams collector 3 while the solar beams collector 3 is attached to the sun tracking device 4. The sun tracking device 4 tracks an hour angle by rotating a head 6 on the base table 5 about a vertical axis and tracks the declination of the sun by rotating an arm 7, provided on the head 6, about a horizontal axis. The sun tracking device 4 is driven by a control device 8 such as a computer or the like. The output signal of the directly arriving sunshine meter 1 is inputted into the control device 8 to control the sun tracking device 4 so that the solar beams collecting panel 3 is facing to the direction in which the level of the output signal becomes maximum or the panel 3 is opposing correctly against the sun.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to a solar energy collecting device, particularly to a concentrating solar cell or a concentrating solar collector with a solar tracking function.

(B) Prior Art There are two ways to utilize solar energy: a method of concentrating sunlight and a method of not concentrating sunlight, ie, a non-concentrating method.This invention relates to a concentrating method.

In the case of the condensing method, a solar tracking operation is required to always direct the optical axis toward the sun. The tracking method will be explained based on FIG. The figure shows the sun and its trajectory on the celestial sphere. The sun on the celestial sphere changes its altitude α every day and changes its azimuth β from east to west over the course of a single day. Therefore, in order to track the sun, it is necessary to adjust the elevation angle to align the optical axis of the solar concentrator with the daily sun altitude α.
It is necessary to perform declination tracking) and hour angle tracking to track changes in azimuth β, and to always keep the concentrator directly facing the sun.

In order to perform the above two-axis tracking of declination tracking and hourly angle tracking,
Conventionally, a program method and a sensor method or a combination of both methods have been used.

The program method is a method in which the tracking device is driven at a predetermined speed programmed in advance.

The one-sensor type detects sunlight and drives the tracking device in that direction.

(C) Problems to be Solved by the Invention With the above-mentioned programming method, even if the program is perfectly created, errors will accumulate due to play in the gears of the transmission mechanism, etc., and it is common for the program to gradually deviate from the solar trajectory. However, since it requires a computer, it also has the disadvantage of being expensive.

In addition, with a one-sensor type, when there are many clouds in the sky, the sensor detects diffuse (scattered) solar radiation and is driven in the direction of more solar radiation, making the tracking device unstable and causing many unnecessary operations.

Further, even if both of the above methods are used together, these drawbacks cannot be eliminated.

2) Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the problems of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention attaches a solar heat concentrating panel to which a direct solar radiation sensor is attached to a solar tracking device, and according to the output of the sensor, This configuration includes a control device that drives the solar tracking device.

(E) Examples The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.

Figure 2 shows a conventionally known direct pyranometer 1, which is equipped with a black body light receiving plate 2 and a thermoelectric conversion element such as a thermocouple inside it, to block the incidence of sky light (diffuse solar radiation) and to prevent the incidence of sky light (diffuse solar radiation). Equipped with a standard hood 3 that introduces only direct light into the light receiving plate 2,
By changing the aperture angle θ, the mixing rate of sky light can be adjusted.

Figure 3 shows the solar energy collecting device of this invention.
- Attach the direct pyranometer 1 described above to the surface of a solar heat collector 1/3 such as a concentrating solar cell or a concentrating solar collector,
The solar heat collector 1/3 is attached to the solar tracking device 4. The solar tracking device 4 rotates a head 6 on a base 5 around a vertical axis to perform hour angle tracking, and rotates an arm 7 provided on the head 6 around a horizontal axis to perform declination tracking.

The sun tracking device 4 described above is driven by a control device 8 such as a computer. The output signal of the direct pyranometer 1 is input to the control device 8, and the signal 1/bel is the maximum (i.e.,
The solar tracking device 4 is controlled so that the solar heat collecting panel 3 faces the sun directly.

Note that the control method described in item 1 may be combined with a program method using a computer. According to this method, even if there is an accumulated error due to play in the transmission mechanism of the tracking device 4, the error can be corrected based on the output signal of the direct pyranometer 1. In addition, even if sunlight suddenly shines in cloudy weather, panel 3 will not be far away from the sun's position due to program-based control, so it will quickly move to the position directly facing the sun. I can do something.

Further, although the direct solar radiation meter 1 is commercially available, the device used in the present invention is not limited to this type of solar radiation sensor, and any general direct solar radiation sensor that has a standard hood and is composed of a light receiving plate and a thermoelectric conversion element can be used. good.

(Effect) As mentioned above, this invention controls the solar tracking device based on the output signal of the direct solar radiation sensor, so solar energy can be collected efficiently by always facing the solar heat collection panel directly toward the sun. can do.

[Brief Description of the Drawings] Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the position of the sun on the celestial sphere and its trajectory, Fig. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a direct pyranometer, and Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention. It is. 1... Direct pyranometer, 4... Sun tracking device, 8...
Control device

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) A solar energy collection device comprising a solar heat collection panel equipped with a direct solar radiation sensor attached to a solar tracking device, and a control device that drives the solar tracking device according to the output of the sensor. (2) The solar energy collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the solar heat collecting panel is a concentrating solar cell panel. (3) The above solar heat collecting panel is a concentrating solar heat collector 1/
The solar energy collecting device according to claim 1, which is a solar energy collector. (4) The solar energy collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the control device controls the solar tracking device to move the solar heat collecting panel in a direction where the maximum output of the direct solar radiation sensor can be obtained. (5) The solar energy collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the solar tracking device is capable of two-axis tracking of declination tracking and time angle tracking.