JPS5987052A - Fine cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the treatment of used automobile tires and, more specifically, to the removal of used tire debris after removal of the rim edge reinforcing cables typically incorporated into the tire. Concerning equipment for shredding. A device for removing this reinforcing cable prior to shredding is described in our co-pending application, US Pat. No. 186,498, filed September 12, 1980. Although the present invention is described herein with respect to a preferred embodiment applied to tire shredding operations, which are considered to be the most difficult of common waste shredding requirements, the present invention may be modified in many ways in detail without departing from its essential characteristics. It should be understood that various modifications and changes are possible, and that this shredding mechanism is also useful for shredding extremely common waste materials and preparing them for use as industrial fuel. .

Used tire strips have a variety of uses, among which they have been found to be excellent as a low-cost industrial fuel. For such purposes, it is generally preferred that the pieces of material shredded by the shredder be of similar size (preferably from about one square inch to several inches square), and that the pieces of material shredded by the shredder will generally be of similar size (preferably from about one square inch to several inches square) are preferably completely disconnected from each other, i.e. without any connections by reinforcing cables that could cause blockages in the processing equipment. Thus, the shreds by themselves form an excellent auxiliary fuel when fed through a stoker along with wood chips and coal, resulting in smokeless combustion with low ash.

As a practical matter, it is also important that the shredder be able to process tires of different wall thicknesses and sizes, as well as tires with various wall reinforcement (i.e., Pel 1 to mounting) materials. Car and truck tire materials are highly wear- and cut-resistant, but even the finest steel blades can quickly become dull, especially when covered with dirt and dust. It is often not possible to use a knife to shred tire debris into pieces of a manageable size on a production basis. This tire material is also abrasion resistant, making it difficult to apply grinding methods; It is. Furthermore, with equipment that cuts or tears tie A7 debris into pieces, heat generation and the resulting energy loss can be a problem. Now, one of the important and desirable features of the present invention, as mentioned above, is that the tire can be shredded into small pieces or chunks, almost all of which are within a particular size range, even though it is only difficult to process. It is possible to minimize the production of fine particles or powder that can cause dust problems.

The above-mentioned and related problem factors are due to commercially profitable operations, i.e. high energy consumption, drive power requirements, and interruption of operations for repairing, sharpening, or replacing active components. Tires are processed at production rates high enough to be used for operations that minimize
That is, if you try to shred it, it will have serious implications.

Broadly speaking, the present invention is a machine that can be installed within a factory or near a tire dump and that can deliver tires made of different sizes, types and qualities of materials, and that The purpose is to provide a machine for cleaning dust and dirt from tires, which requires no attention at all, and in which there is no need to identify or separate tires for individual treatment. That is.

This machine can shred tires with steel belts as easily as tires with polyester fiber belts.
In addition, sufficient results can be achieved with conventional hard tire materials as well as with new soft materials.

Another object of the present invention is that tires can be shredded into pieces of practical size suitable for bulk processing and combustion as bulk fuel, thus eliminating the need to shred tires into unduly small and large numbers of pieces. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shredding machine that eliminates the need for unnecessary energy costs.

Yet another and related objective is to be compact, simple,
To provide a tire shredding machine that is efficient, requires minimal driving power, and has high operational reliability. A related object is to provide a machine with a stable automatic feed mechanism that is activated once the tire has been fed to its cutter member.

It is also an object of the present invention to pursue and realize a tire mass processing apparatus in which there is almost no interruption in operation due to the snagging of tire debris or parts thereof or blockage of the feed hopper.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an easy-to-maintain machine, and more particularly, in which active chopping element members (e.g., cutter bits and cooperating teeth) are easily removable and individually replaceable. It is to provide machinery.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The novel Tie A7 shredding machine described herein includes an elongated multi-bit cutter mounted for rotation on a horizontal axis that also feeds the tire, i.e., the end of the cutter It is designed to work together with a tire feed hopper that drops the tire into contact with the tire. Mounted on the generally horizontal midplane of the cutter is an elongated horizontal rack with a series of parallel teeth projecting into each space between the cutter bits. Near the rack and above the cutter, the base of the hopper spreads laterally in the direction of cutter rotation.
Inside this dormitory, there are
The tires and the tire recirculation section are inserted by means of a sword tooth that bites into the rubber. As the cutter rotates, the cutter bit bites into the tire wall and drags some of the tire material downward against the rack teeth.
In other words, this cutter rotation causes the cutter bit to pull the tire material against and over the rack teeth.
A desired progressive shredding of the tire is performed to form individual strips of the desired size range l. Because the gap between the rack teeth and the cutter surface is narrow, the action between the rack teeth and the cutter surface is mostly shearing action rather than tearing action.

The shreds 1 are fed downwardly by the cutter bit and through the rack interspaces into a suitable collection bin below or, as shown, an off-bear conveyor.

The cutter consists of an elongated arm fitted with a plurality of annular disc-shaped cutter bits spaced along the length of the arm to engage a series of fixed rack teeth arranged in a cooperative manner. preferable. The cutter pits 1- are each keyed to the arm and retained there by a mounting screw so that they can be slidably removed from the arm for sharpening, repair or replacement. Similarly, each rack tooth is also mounted on a retractable rack base or rod so that it can be individually repaired and/or replaced as required. cutter
The bit has a specially shaped semi-footer-shaped front cutting edge formed by a circumferentially displaced (i.e., spiraling to the vertical i?) outer circumferential surface that intersects the longitudinal, radial, and forward facing surfaces. The latter consists of two oppositely oriented “
It is preferably a dihedral concave shape with off-center vertex lines to form a "set" surface.

The foregoing and other features, objects and advantages, including details of the preferred embodiments, will become more fully apparent when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the following description.

In the illustrated embodiment, the cutter arm 10 has vertical end panels 16a and 16a, respectively, located in opposite positions of the machine frame 1G.
:'16b, an elongated q.
・It is made up of empty shells. The cutter 30 consists of a series of cutter discs 32 and spacer discs on the arm 10 separating them and frame panels 16a and 16b.
It is housed between. These pallets form opposite ends of a feed hopper 35 into which the tires successively fed are processed by a rotary cutter 30.

Panels i6a and 16b are held in a spaced apart vertical position by longitudinal parallel frames vJ18°20, 22 and 24. Frame members 18 and 20 support an upright wall panel 36 near and parallel to one side of rotary cutter 30.

The panel 36 projects both above and below the cutter, as shown in FIG. Above the cutter, the panel 36 has a portion 36a that slopes away from the hopper hanging wall 37 at the same position.
It ends with . Immediately above the cutter 30, a vertical wall 37 has a portion 3 sloping downwardly and outwardly away from the cutter.
It terminates at 7a. The two-piece plate 1-38 projects above the height of the cutter and extends outward from the cutter to the panel portion 3.
It is inclined to the lower end of 7a. The plate 38 has a lower portion 38a and a fixed upper portion 38b aligned therewith.
It consists of. The latter is fixedly mounted on the frame member 24.

These two parts are connected by a contact plate 60 and bolts 62.

This plate assembly 38 is structurally coupled to a multi-toothed rack assembly 40. plate·
The assembly 38 and the rack assembly 40 below it, specifically the rack bar 40a, are connected to the horizontal alignment lug shaft 4 supported by the frame member 22 by means of a pivot support 42.
4 in the form of one unit. A hydraulic piston and sill rendering device 46 is pivotally coupled to a reinforcing rib 48 on the back side of the assembly to maintain the assembly in its normal operating position as shown in FIG. 1 and in dashed lines in FIG. It can be moved forward or backward around the common pivot shaft 42 between the retracted position and the retracted position.

Once the coupling holt 62 is removed and the assembly is retracted from the cutter 30, the rack teeth 50 can be individually repaired or replaced, if desired. However, in its normal operating position, plate assembly 38 cooperates with parals 37a, 37, cutter 3o, and rack assembly 40 to support the hopper base lobe or cutter 30. forms a holding chamber in which the tires are thrown and rolled around together with the following tires until they are shredded in the form shown schematically in FIGS. 8 to 10. The height of the holding chamber T is larger than the width of the thin giant tire residue and smaller than the diameter. i↓＼The base of the brim should be narrower than the widest tire WT.
It has an inlet or throat section I.

Rack assembly 40 is provided with a horizontal row of successive spaced teeth 50 mounted to project into and occupy a majority of the space between successive cutter discs 32. The upper surface of the rack tooth is located generally within the horizontal plane of the cutter shaft. The rack teeth project to a position in close proximity to the circumferential surface of the spacer disc 34 separating the cutter discs when the rack is in the operating position. The parallel, flat sides of the cutter disk are located adjacent to the adjacent parallel sides of the rack teeth 50. The gap distance between the side surfaces is preferably about two to three hundredths of an inch (approximately 0.51 to 0.76 mm).

The rack teeth are configured and mounted such that they can be removed from their support rod structures 40a, 40b. The twin bolts 54 are individually threaded into the back shanks of the rack teeth so that the teeth contact the rims of the associated openings in the rack bar 40b, so that the head of each twin bolt 54 is connected to the back side of the rack bar 40b. It is made to act on the back plate 56 arranged in contact with each other.

Each of the disc-shaped rotary cutters 32 includes two flat-sided cutter hits 320 that are removably mounted in notches 32a angled at 180° intervals in the circumferential surface 32b of the cutter disc. There is.

From the base of each disc notch 32a, the outer circumferential surface 32b of the disc twists outward gently, gradually increases in radius, and then the opposite sloped surface 32c of another notch rotates sharply inward at an acute angle. has reached. Table 1j32c shows the shallow cutter bit formed at the base of notch 32a.
It forms one side of the holder slot 32d.

Each cutter bit 320 is made by threading and tapping an Allan head machine screw S into this cutter bit 320 [: l'Al's cutter disk]:
It is designed to be held securely in a holder slot provided at the bottom of the channel 32a. The lower end of the cutter bit 320 is provided with a chamfered surface 320e to ensure that the lagging surface of the cutter bit meets the rear inclined wall surface 32G. As a result, the machining accuracy conditions for the cutter hit and notch/slot wall surfaces are now more relaxed than before. As best shown in Figures 4 through 7, each cutter pit 1-3
20 is provided with a circumferential surface 320a constructed to achieve a smooth continuous shape with the cutter disc circumferential surface when mounted. Each cutter bit also includes a surface 320b that faces the direction of rotation and is sloped outwardly and forwardly, forming an acute angle with respect to a majority of the arcuate portion of its circumference. The inside 320b1 in the radial direction of the surface 320b has a concave chamfer (for reasons of foil machining), and the blade 320b3
The radially outer portion 320b2, which is close to the radial direction, has an even steeper slope and forms a steep acute angle with the bit circumferential surface where both sections intersect. The blade 320b3 is cutter bit side surface 32
Rearward from 0C
320d and extends forward again at this position to form a secondary blade 320b3''. Therefore, when the cutter is rotated, the two blade parts 320t13- and 320b3'', especially the former, are The action bites into the tire residual wall surface, and the gap between the angularly set auxiliary surfaces 320b-320b2 immediately draws the tire material toward the cutter. This serves to completely cover the cutter bit penetration and thereby initiates a flap-shaped shredding operation of the cutter width. This biting and pulling action of the cutter also provides a self-feeding action for the tire, i.e. it can serve as a gravity assist in maintaining the progressive feeding of the tire to the cutter. Therefore, with this system, high productivity in shredding operations can be achieved without using a complicated or troublesome feeding mechanism. The side edge blades 320cl and 320dl serve as shearing forces, ie, in cooperation with their respective adjacent rank blades, shear the sides of the flap-shaped shreds as the cutter continues to rotate. Finally, the bottom of the cutter bit and the two adjacent frame tips cooperate to tear a flap or "slid" from the tire wall.

Over the entire length of the cutter@10, the continuous cutters 32 meshing with the rack bar teeth 50 are rotationally offset from each other by uniform angular increments at their peripheries. In the illustrated example, seven such cutters are shown.

Thus, for alignment cutters each having two opposing cutter bits, one would divide the 360° circumference into 14 equal increments. In this way, the working shock reaction forces of the cutter bit impinging on the tire are spread out over the entire rotation cycle, so as to minimize severe frame load stresses and eliminate large fluctuations in the required drive power. The smoothness of this operation and the uniformity of the load over the entire length of the cutter are ensured by the angle 1 of the slanted cutting blade of the serial continuous cutter bit 320.
By alternatingly reversing the set, it is even better to ensure that when this successive cutter bit collides with the tire material, the tire or its parts contribute to the inclination of the cutter bit blade. The lateral components of the cutting force applied to the section are all uniform.

The cutter pit 1~disk 32 and spacer 34 are
Each is rotatably coupled to the arm 10 by a key 70 and is slidable longitudinally on the arm 10 for individual removal and replacement as required. Of course, the angular position of the cutter disk key slots within the serial disk determines their respective angular positions about the axis.

Barrier teeth 41 extend from the rear wall 36 into the intercutter space.

When a gear drive motor device (not shown) is connected to the arbor shaft 10, the cutter can be driven at a desired speed.

In reality, a speed of approximately 50 revolutions per minute is considered to be almost optimal, and the outer diameter of the cutter bit is approximately 12 inches (approximately 3
0.48cm >, individual cutter 32 and spacer 3
The width of 4 is approximately 3 inches (7.62cm) each.
It is desirable that At this low speed, the amount of heat generated by the rubber can be minimized and the associated energy loss can be kept to an acceptable limit. With the cutter dimensions and rotational speed set in this manner, the tire can be efficiently cut into pieces averaging no more than 3 inches in either direction across the surface. The overall length of the cutter assembly is greater than the diameter of the largest tire to be processed by the shredder.

For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the total length is 3 feet (91
, 44cm> is slightly longer than that.

As shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the tire debris to be shredded from which the rim reinforcing cable has been removed falls from the feed conveyor C into the hopper 35 and onto the rotating cutter 3 degrees.

In the process of starting shredding work on tires, the tires are fed into the holding chamber T, followed by other tires that undergo similar treatment. As a result, as the process progresses, the tires to be removed will be crowded together and therefore the holding capacity will increase in addition to a greater cutter throughput than would be considered possible with a limited or narrow hopper base. , and the ability to provide only the edge of one tire at a time to the ivy.

Due to the smooth, uniform force of reaction on the cutter during each rotation cycle, the drive power required by the cutter, and therefore the cost of the drive, can be kept to a minimum. The cutter's ability to produce chunks of approximately the same size as described above, while also producing relatively few "differential fields", also provides significant energy savings. To contribute. The automatic feed function of the cutter speeds up the shredding process and simplifies the shredding machine. Since the shreds are immediately sent downwards from the shredding station and placed on the off-bear conveyor O, they do not accumulate and therefore do not generate unnecessary abrasive heat generation or interference with the sustaining tires. In reality, tie A7 is shredded as fast as it is fed into the shredder. The blade of the cutter bit does not perform thin slicing work, so
It is effective without being sharpened or kept sharp, so there is no need for frequent removal and sharpening operations. For this reason, the present shredding machine can continue to operate efficiently for a long period of time with almost no downtime required.

Although the present invention has been described in terms of preferred embodiments thereof, it will be appreciated that minor modifications and additions to the details may be made without departing from the novel concept described in the appended claims. It's a place.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a partially sectional end view in a vertical plane of the present shredding machine. 2 is an isometric cross-sectional view of the machine of FIG. 1; FIG. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the present shredding machine showing the cutter and toothed rack over their entire length. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the cutter bit, enlarged to show detail. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 5--5 of FIG. Figure 6 was cut at the cutter plane showing the teeth in the installed state)
FIG. FIG. 7 is a front view of the cutter bit viewed from the opposite direction of rotation. FIGS. 8, 9, and 10 are side sectional views showing the state of shredding tires fed into the present shredding machine in the order of operating steps. 10...Cutter arm 12.14...Bearing is unit 16...Frame body 18.20.22.24...
Frame member 30...Cutter 32...Cutter disk 34...Spacer disk 35...Hopper 3
8... Two-body play 1-40... Rack assembly 50... Rack tooth 320... Cutter bit patent applicant Riki Corporation 2. ．． Near-3・ノ

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A shredding machine that can be used to shred automobile tire debris and other waste materials, the shredding machine having a feed hopper that can hold the tire debris during storage operations. and a plurality of teeth that protrude parallel to each other and extend horizontally in series around one side of the hopper base between both ends of the hopper base, with spaces between the continuous teeth in the series. a shredding machine rack assembly having fixed teeth, the rack assembly being rotatably mounted on a shaft extending parallel to the serial planes, in series engagement with the teeth and at approximately the same height as the rack assembly; an elongated rotary shredding cutter device comprising a plurality of rotary disc-shaped cutters successively spaced apart from each other;
A leading cutting blade configured in a pointed shape is provided to simultaneously pull the wall toward the cutter and begin cutting the flap-shaped strip from the wall. and each of the cutters cooperates with the teeth of the adjacent rack device to shear the shreds from the tire debris wall as the cutter rotates and to place the sheared shreds into each of the spaces between the teeth. a side edge blade that can be sent out through the space, and a direction in which the tire residue bitten by the cutter teeth is brought into pressure contact with the rank teeth;
and a device for rotating the cutter device. (2) The small brim base is provided with one opposing side wall, one of the side walls being substantially parallel to the rack device 7'lI.
The timer debris extends upwardly along this and comes into contact with this tie A7 debris as the timer debris is driven laterally by the cutter, while the other is intermittently removed from the cutter device. The shredder according to claim 1, wherein the shredder extends upwardly along the tire debris guide wall and functions as a tire debris guide wall. (3) said one side wall extends at an angle away from and above said cutter device for a distance greater than the width and less than the diameter of the tire debris to be shredded, and then laterally toward said opposite hopper wall; 2. The device according to claim 2, wherein the groove extends upwardly at the rear end thereof, thereby forming a feed throat at the base of the slot hopper and a tire debris retaining groove located below and wider than the feed throat. Cutting machine. (4) the shredder rack device comprises a shredder device to which the vermilion is attached and which is itself supported in such a way that it can be retracted from the cutter device; A shredder according to claim 3, which is independently and removably mounted on a frame device. (5) the cutter device comprises an elongated arm, ″11;
The cutter has flat and parallel sides, a circumferential surface, and a circumferential surface that slopes forward to a certain radius and is inclined relative to an axis intersecting the circumferential surface to form an inclined cutting edge. Claim 4 comprising a series of continuously spaced annular disc-shaped elements having a cutting member comprising a transverse cutter surface.
). (6) the cutting blade of the inclined cutting member is inclined from a first portion on one side surface toward the opposite side surface, and extends forward in the vicinity of the opposite side surface, and a second portion 1 on the opposite side surface; 1. The shredding machine according to claim 1, wherein the blade surface has a concave dihedral shape. (7) The first portion is rotationally located at a position earlier than the second portion, and the cutter surface advancement angle increases toward the cutting blade, and a gap is formed between the first portion and the peripheral surface. A shredder according to claim 6, wherein the shredder reduces the crossing angle. (8) A shredding machine according to claim 7, wherein the cutter device comprises individually and removably mounted hardened cutter bits. 9. A single-stage shredder as claimed in claim 8, wherein the cutting blades of the cutter bit are progressively offset from each other about the cutter device axis. (10) The cutter is individually and removably mounted on the arm separated by a removably mounted disc-shaped spacer having a smaller diameter. The shredding machine according to paragraph 1. (11) Each cutter includes a plurality of the cutter bits arranged at equal intervals around its periphery, and the circumferential surface is located far from the cutting blade of each bit. Claim No. 1 extends spirally with decreasing radius up to the next successive point
The shredding machine described in item 0). (12) The shredder according to claim (5), wherein the serial continuous cutter/focus cutting blades are gradually offset from each other about the cutter device axis. (13) The cutters are individually and removably mounted on the arms separated by removably mounted disc-shaped spacers having a smaller diameter. Shredding machine. (14) Each cutter cuts a plurality of cutter bits arranged at equal intervals around its periphery, and the circumferential surface extends radially from the cutting edge of each bit to the next succeeding bit. The shredding machine according to claim 13, wherein the cutter device comprises elongated arms, each of the cutters being flat and Continuously spaced series annular disc shape with parallel sides, a circumferential surface, and a cutting section consisting of a circumferential transverse cutter surface that slopes forward to a certain radius to form an inclined shear force. The shredder according to claim (1), which is made of a shingle member. (16) The cutting blade of the slanted cutting member is a first one on one side.
Department'! '11 in the direction of the opposite side surface, and extends forward in the vicinity of the opposite side (p11 plane) to reach a first portion on the opposite side side surface, so that the cut surface has a concave shape. The shredding machine according to claim 1, which has a dihedral shape.(173) The first section is rotationally located forward of the second section, and 17. A shredder according to claim 16, wherein the angle increases toward the cutting blade to reduce the intersection angle formed with the circumferential surface.