JPS5982961A - Method and apparatus for forming liquid droplets from large amount of liquid - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for assimilating large amounts of liquid into small volumes. The term "liquid" is used below in a broad sense to mean both liquids and solutions of normally solid substances.

The present invention can be used in any case where large quantities of uniform (4!, dispersed) droplets of liquid are produced.

The present invention is suitable for atomizing molten substances into granules, such as ammonium nitrate, Carnot, sulfur compounds, and nitrates.
It is particularly beneficial when producing compound fertilizers containing phosphorus and potassium.

Granulation of the raw material is typically carried out in a granulation tower with a fairly high density (30-loom) and theoretical diameter (6-24 m). The bath melt is converted into a small rThii at the top of the tower. The melt droplets are entrained countercurrently in an upward flow of cooling air, cooled, and crystallized to produce spherical granules.

The important problems encountered when carrying out the granulation of raw materials are that they are economical to use, simple in structure, comparatively cheap, and have a size of 1 q. , γj, small liquid lj, ? It is the realization of the mountain, and for that reason, the battle situation of Guma-kou is u'-1, fz, then /i:IL:l is not possible.

(1) Creation of a booth with a uniform size of lij '7Jf and a dispersion of j' trap hat suction.

(2) Changing the size of small 71 & small 71
8° without affecting the dispersibility of the sheep 6) time 1
1) The capacity of the device 61'' per unit can be varied over a wide range.

(3) Small 1 quotient goes out into the air from the exit of So + W, causing it to disappear as a result? Being able to bring out Sono.

Although many attempts have been made to resolve the above problem [ The most efficient method is the following. That is, f′ to be reduced to 11th order
The immersed body is supplied into a container with discharge holes provided at different levels, l-IJ: Jf: the liquid supply rate) WiIi is opened by the amount of production, and then i (J) While maintaining the full positive pressure on the free surface of the liquid in the container, the liquid is ejected from the orifice in the form of a jet. The liquid jet thus created is separated into small parts. [Be No Horin (13)
,G.
i vlbrationnye granu
ly-atory rasplavov i rasp
yliteli zidkosti) J, Nimu (lv+
, ), Mashinostro x= (Mashinostro
en+e).

1,977, pp, 104-105, squirrel (r
+s,)64, 1'! d].

By this method? t is the level of liquid in the incorrigible container before 1
, the self-liquid supply rate is kept constant over the entire range, and the discharge orifice at each of these 77 points is controlled by the free surface of the liquid. This is done by changing the .

In this case, by changing the liquid supply rate, the velocity of the liquid ejected from the front three troughs at
J (7 changes.

The apparatus for carrying out the above method comprises a main body and a plurality of adult stomachs attached to the main body and provided at different levels. and the pressure i d gas and the liquid in each of the pipes 1 and 2 are discharged from the artificial tubes serving the cavities d (see the same reference in B. No Hollin, 111). This device 1j contains a single-liquid distributor;
17, and is capable of uniformly introducing the liquid into the container. The liquid level in this device is kept constant by a floating 17-bell controller.

Although the method and apparatus have clear advantages, a number of disadvantages are encountered when using the apparatus to perform the force analysis.

For example, in the case of production of equipment - 鼠'f: Significantly changed Z) If there is a certain degree of inevitability (2 to 10 times), the speed of supplying to the lintaikin and 1 ryo konggu device is the ratio ν, 1] Don't change it.
In this case, according to the method, the htK
Inside 1iiJ record! The gas pressure on the free surface of the body must also be varied, which means that the vessel 56
This will drastically change the speed of the 1 night body that produces 1. As a result, in some cases, the separate noesots of 'f(LK) may coalesce and flow on the outer surface of the perforated outgoing path as a foot-shaped paddle body flow.

As a result, the size of small iii and ij and the size of small part V are not uniform. Granulation tower-- (in the small 7f:-:i's falling speed and time: Ling 1 addition or decrease, which means that the specified small 71g) Cooling strip R1--totally disrupt and form granules Shadow 2 ~ Full coverage of the integrity of the body.

Therefore, the method of the above (a) technique is carried out by self-equipment. It can only be obtained in

In order to be able to control MIJ over a wide range of the production output of the equipment without reducing the amount of granules to be produced, it is necessary to have several machines of the above type operated simultaneously. If you use a complicated system that conveys a message, seven becomes inevitable. M of the system that is set to the production amount of the power supply,
JI ft is performed by operating a predetermined number of devices coupled to said system, and fine adjustments are made by varying the pressure of the gas between the free surfaces of the liquid in all actuating devices to the same [group]. (See Figure 99, page 167 of B.G. Hollin's 1) IJ bibliography).

However, Tonoto and I are like IJ Hyakki'fX,
This would significantly complicate the overall operation of the pulverization tower, increase the cost of the pulverization operation, and
This will provide peace of mind to many workers.

'It is also worth noting that this dispersion power? This created conditions for the 71"8Z-shaped bodies to coalesce in a mutually violent way at the bottom of the granulation tower, reducing the average grain size and making it necessary to frequently stop the equipment for cleaning. Furthermore, the operator is exposed to danger due to the high probability of equipment damage and failure.

Further, /ξ
The small flash collided while falling, and due to this, Temari's first Jsuj shape and tonht received a negative impact.

Ch? For all of our own public fish, the pre-ml method and equipment has not reached the level of widespread industrial use.

The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the AjJ recording problem.

The present invention provides the following method and apparatus for dividing a large amount of l-bars to produce droplets. That is, the control of supplying the liquid into the perforated container is controlled by the improvement of 1, and the speed of the liquid flowing in a jet form from the perforated container is controlled over the entire range. This is a method and apparatus for improving the monodispersity of /IQ?'r:', i which is generated by !7.

Misfire l-! The purpose of JJ is achieved by the following method.

In other words, the liquid feed rate is equal to L'rS for the desired production volume of 7㎜ per unit time! 1jll j'+r41 While L,
The liquid is delivered to a four-hole container with discharge orifices located at different levels, while at the same time maintaining a positive pressure of the gas on the free surface of the liquid in said container, and from the orifice of said container to the HiJ record. According to the present invention, the positive pressure of the gas on the liquid is maintained constant over the range of changes in the liquid feed rate in the method comprising the step of discharging the canister in the form of a jet and then reducing the discharge jet to a drizzle. And I? '1] The liquid loading rate varies within a range defined by the positions of the uppermost and lowest discharge orifices; This is a method that is controlled so that In the case of this liquid dispersion method, the jet velocity of the liquid ejected from the perforated container is determined primarily by the gas pressure exerted on the free surface of the liquid 1fJ] and not by the c-scissor columns in this container. According to the method proposed here, the pressure of the gas is kept constant, so that a distant relative of the liquid ejected from an orifice located below (i.e. covered by liquid) the free surface of the liquid. becomes almost constant. In this case, the gas t flows out of the orifice located higher than the free surface 1 of the liquid.

When changing the production agent of the device gong (this change is done by changing the speed of feeding into the perforated vessel M)
, the number of orifices through which the liquid flows out is changed proportionally,
Changing the number of orifices through which the liquid flows out is done automatically, without any operator intervention. At any liquid delivery rate, the velocity of the liquid jetting out of the container remains approximately constant so that the particles and particles produced are uniform in size and weight. Furthermore, such a stabilized method of forming small ask prevents the particles from bonding to each other in the lower part of the granulation tower during this start and stop, improving the operating conditions and efficiency of the granulation operation. .

The constant pressure of the gas held on the free surface of the liquid is
It is good to choose from 2.5XiOPa. Pressures selected from this range contribute to the production of droplets with excellent monodispersity, and this has been demonstrated by experiments.

It is advantageous to heat the gas exerting pressure on the liquid to a temperature below the crystallization temperature of the body.

When the level of liquid in the container is - As a result, part of the orifice becomes clogged, but the above-described heating operation can eliminate the crystallization.

It is further advantageous for the liquid supplied to the perforated container to be delivered to the lower part of the container below the surface of the liquid in this container. According to this operation, the amount of liquid in the perforated container is 6 m
The generation of turbulence and waves in the j can be prevented, which provides favorable conditions for ejecting the liquid in the form of a jet, thus obtaining a drizzle that is stable in shape 2 weight and size.

It is very advantageous for a constant value of the gas pressure to coexist with a pulsating component having a frequency of 1 to 20 Hz and an amplitude of 1/3 to 115 of the constant value of the gas pressure.

With such a low-frequency pulsation component, the pressure stability is hardly affected, and the raindrops generated at the outlet of the perforated container are maximally dispersed, so that the particles left behind by the previous particles are dispersed as much as possible. Such dispersion of droplets of liquid can eliminate the heating up of the water due to "thermal trajectories" and thus improve the conditions for cooling and crystallizing the droplets into particles. Other variations of the method of the invention may also be used. According to the sequence of changes, the pressure of the gas is kept constant and at the same time the perforated container is
It is rotated at a rotational speed of 12'Orpm or oscillated about the axis with a frequency of 1 to 50 Hz. In this case, the distance of the hole furthest from said axis is 1-150+nm.

In order to quickly split a liquid jet into raindrops, when the gas pressure is held constant, a surface tension wave with a wavelength of 2.5 to 5 times the diameter of the jet is generated on the surface of the liquid. It is desirable to provide a disturbance to the liquid jet so that it forms above.

This disturbance of the liquid jet is caused, for example, in the following manner.

(1) Vibrate the perforated container or its lower part in the longitudinal direction (11 times per turn).

(2) Vibrate the container in the horizontal direction.

(3) Applying acoustic vibration to the liquid in the container.

(4) Give an acoustic system @ to the medium surrounding the i1-body jet.

(5) Applying an alternating current or a magnetic field to the liquid jet.

In this case, it is advantageous to use the front air gas used to apply positive pressure in the perforated container also as the source of the disturbance. To do this, a frequency of 100 to 20001 (z) is applied to the acoustic system*h 'e gas. This vibration is transmitted to the liquid in the perforated container and to the jet of liquid ejected from the orifice. , which facilitates the splitting of the jet' into monodisperse small C holes.

Further, the object of the present invention is achieved by the following device. a body, a perforated vessel provided in the body and having a lower portion thereof with a plurality of discharge orifices for liquid outflow provided at different levels; a source of compressed gas; a gas inlet tube; and a liquid-filled pipe provided with a liquid destroyer having a hole configured to uniformly introduce the liquid. A gas distributor (IJ piper) having holes configured to uniformly introduce gas into the container is further provided, and the holes of the gas distributor are connected to the uppermost part of the perforated container. The liquid distributing device is arranged above the position of the discharge orifice, and the hole of the liquid destriver is arranged below the uppermost discharge orifice.

An apparatus having such a structure makes it possible to implement the method of the present invention at each station. Due to the presence of liquid destroyers separate from the IJ heaters and the arrangement of holes in these IJ heaters, the number of orifices through which the liquid exits and the corresponding number of orifices through which the gas passes can be determined in the device. can be advantageously varied according to the desired output.

Due to this configuration, the outflow rate of the liquid can be kept almost constant throughout the range of changing the rate at which the liquid is fed into the perforated container, thereby obtaining highly monodisperse drizzle and particles. It will be done.

If the device according to the invention is utilized for the implementation of said modification sequence of the method according to the invention using a gas as a source of disturbance, it is advantageous to use the following modification sequence of the device according to the invention. That is,
This variable array is a gas flow pulser formed in the form of a stator and rotor and positioned to introduce the gas into the perforated vessel. In this case, the stator is provided with at least one gas outlet pipe, and the rotor is provided with at least one gas outlet pipe, which is fixed to the rotor so as to be able to rotate with respect to the rotor, and with actuating parts arranged uniformly in a circle. @'have. These actuating members are configured to partially or completely close the stator outlet port when the rotor is rotating. The number of actuating members (Z) is determined by the following relationship.

0f Z=-□ However, f is the frequency H of the disturbance applied to the liquid jet
z and n are the rotational speeds of the rotor in rpm.

The presence of such a pulser causes gas to be introduced into the perforated vessel in pulses at a frequency that is different from the frequency of the predetermined disturbance applied to the liquid jet.

Such a pulsar can also be constructed in other persimmon J16. For example, a modification 1+1j is possible in which the Luther stator is formed in the same root shape with circularly arranged holes, the holes being the gas outlet pipes, and the rotor being the stator's The second disk is formed in the form of a second disk arranged coaxially with the first disk, the second disk having grooves and protrusions configured to alternately chain the dowels of the stator. are doing. Such protrusions are actuating members of the rotor, and the number of these members is equal to the number of holes in the stator.

In a much simpler and even more preferred modification, the pulser and the compressed gas source are combined in the form of a fan, which has a stator provided with one gas outlet pipe and a vane attached to it. The vane is the working member of the first rotor and the -f-t of the outlet pipe of the stator.
B is configured to be closed alternately. This change f
The +lJ method can be applied at low cost since it does not require the use of oscillators or other sources of vibration to create disturbances to the jet of liquid.

In order to amplify the vibrations induced in the gas by the pulsed gas supply, other variants of the inventive device can be used, including a resonator tuned to the frequency of the disturbance applied to the jet of liquid. Such a resonator may be formed in the form of a volume-changing chamber or in the form of an elastic ring, which is connected to the chamber vessel and the gas inlet pipe, or in the form of an elastic ring, which is connected to the chamber vessel and the gas inlet pipe. It is installed in a nearly horizontal plane at the bottom. As is clear, these two modification sequences can be used separately or in combination.

Hereinafter, implementation of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to cold example drawings.

The apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention for reducing liquid into droplets consists of a main body 1 (FIG. 1), a 1-hole container 2 attached to the main body 1, and a 1-hole container 5 for liquid, especially molten liquid. 2 cavity 2a
an inlet pipe 3 provided with a destriver 4 for supplying the container 2 with a gas, for example air;
- an inlet pipe 6 provided with an IJ pipe 7, said air being introduced above the liquid level of the melt/&5.

A ring 9 is connected to the main body 1 via a support 8, and a container 2il-1 is fixedly supported to this ring by bolts 10. A gasket 11 is arranged between the body 1 and the container 2, which gasket is made of eg l+1'' comb or fluorine plastic, and when air is supplied into the container, the cavity 52ai of the container 2 Constructed to be self-sealing.

The container 2 has a continuous upper part 2b and a perforated lower part 2C.

The orifices 2d in the lower part of the vessel 2 are arranged for the discharge of the bath melt and are located at different levels as shown in FIG. The center portion 2e of the lower portion 2C of the container 2 is not provided with an orifice.

l) The computers 4 and 7 can be formed in various shapes. In this embodiment, the melt destabilizer 4 is formed in the form of a tube 4a and a tube 4b arranged around it, and their bottom part has a conical bottom 4c.
are interconnected through. An annular groove 12 is provided between the tubes 4a and 4b, and this groove allows the melt 5 to pass from the inlet pipe 3 by JJm. Lower part 4CK is hole 4
The hole 4d is provided to uniformly introduce the molten liquid 5 into the cavity 2a of the perforated container 2, and is provided below the level of the orifice 2d at the top of the container 2. ing.

The air distributor 7 must be an annular nayamba in communication with the inlet pipe 6 and having a hole bottom 7a, said bottom 7a being provided with holes 7b, these holes 7b as shown in FIG. It is provided above the level of the most orifice 2d of the container 2, and is configured to uniformly introduce air into the cavity 2a of the container 2.

Orifice 2dK of container 2/1 Melt liquid dest IJ
L'Uta's hole 4d and air death) IJ Buke 7
The arrangement level of the holes 7b and the height of these two hole sections are selected according to the technical requirements of the specialty building. As will be apparent to those skilled in the art, a separate mechanism for moving the distributors 4 and 7 vertically and positioning them at predetermined heights can be easily incorporated into the arrangement of the present invention. .

FIG. 1 shows a preferred modification of the device according to the invention. In this modified version, a vibrator 13 is further provided, which is mounted on the inner tube 43 of the melting ay stribeater 4, and this 'v! 4a through the non-perforated portion 2θ of the container 2 via the rod 14 extending through the
is connected to. This vibrator 13 vibrates the non-perforated portion 2e of the perforated container 2 in the entire vertical direction to apply two disturbances to the liquid noet, thereby facilitating the formation of small particles.

The apparatus also includes a compressed air source 15 in communication with the inlet pipe 6. This compressed air source 15 may be configured in the form of a fan or other conventional means.

Furthermore, the device is also provided with a piezometer tube 16, which is fixed to the body 1 and serves as a detector of the level of the condensate 5 in the container 2. This tube 1
6 can also be used to measure the pressure inside the container 2.

Applying a -C disturbance to the exiting liquid jet can be done in a variety of ways, for example as shown in FIG. According to this modification, a single-sound radiator 17 for imparting sound waves to the liquid is fixed to the rod 14, and the front radiator is e.g. elliptical (as shown in the drawing with strings) or disc-shaped. It can have any desired shape. in this case,
An orifice is bored over the entire length of the lower f and '62c K of the container 2, and 1) it does not follow the upper and lower 2c rods 14 mentioned in II.

This modified version I] is more convenient for maintenance and repair than the one-pass version shown in FIG.

This is because this modification 1j does not necessarily involve removing the rod 14 from the container 2.

The method of the invention is carried out using the apparatus in the following order. 1. (if dropletization of the liquid is only one operational step of the overall granulation operation), the apparatus of the present invention is installed in the granulation tower (
(not shown). Thereafter, under constant pressure, air is supplied from the compressed air source 15 to the inlet vibrator 6 (Fig. 1).
and destripy-tuff is sent vertically into the cavity 2a of the container 2 (the direction of movement of this air is indicated by the dotted arrow).

The air supply rate is controlled such that the pressure within the cavity of the container changes little even though the air exits from the orifice 2d of the container 2. As mentioned above, the air to be supplied may be at any temperature, but is preferably heated above the crystallization temperature of the melt.

A melt 5 , for example an ammonium nitrate melt produced in an external (i.e. not relevant to the invention) device (not shown in the accompanying drawings), is then fed into the destripeater 4 via the inlet pipe 3. . The bath melt 5 moves along the annular groove 12 as shown by the solid line arrow, reaches the lower part 2c of the container 2 through the hole 4d''rM, and partially fills the cavity 2a to a predetermined level. Top discharge orifice 2d of container 2
A free surface 5a is set between the position level of the lowermost discharge orifice 2d and the lowermost discharge orifice 2d. Due to the positive pressure acting on the free surface 5a of the liquid 5 and being kept constant,
As soon as the melt 5 is introduced into the container, it begins to eject from the orifice 2d of the container 2 located below the free surface of this melt 5 in the form of a noet 5b, and this jet forms a droplet 5.
It is divided into c. At the same time, air exits through the orifice 2d located above the free surface 5a of the melt 5.

The velocity of the ejected liquid in the form of jets 5b from the time when the liquid is introduced into the container 2 until the liquid 50 reaches a predetermined level is actually kept at a predetermined constant value.

If it becomes necessary to disrupt the production of equipment due to an earthquake, for example,
“When increasing Lm, the rate of feeding bath melt 5 to all vessels 2 is increased such that the maximum rated consumption of bath melt 5 - 1 is not exceeded. At the maximum rated loading JM quantity, the level of melt is A steady-state value is reached approximately at the level of the uppermost discharge orifice 2d of the vessel.The liquid 5 is actually discharged simultaneously from all orifices 2d of the vessel 2 in the form of a jet 5b with the same velocity as before.

When the feeding of the melt 5 into the container 2 is reduced or stopped, the level of melt in the container 2 decreases, in which case the number of orifices 2d through which the melt flows out decreases, while the melt flow 5 decreases.
The number of orifices 2d which are located above the free surface 5a of and through which the air flows out is the intensifier.

It should be noted that throughout the range of changing the supply rate of the melt 5, the air pressure exerted on the melt is between 10 and 2.5.
X10Pa, and the supply of the melt 5 is maintained between the level of the free surface 5a of the melt approximately at the position of the upper discharge orifice 2d and the lowermost position of the discharge orifice 2d of the vessel 2.卍1 to change at 11'' with the level? Become AI.

In order to reduce the rate of droplets coalescing with each other during flight, and to improve the cooling of small targets, the melt
A pulsating component is introduced into the air pressure which does not extend to the free surface 5a and has a constant value. The state of introduction of this pulsating component is illustrated diagrammatically in FIG.

This figure shows the relationship between air pressure (P) and time (1). That is, line 1 represents the constant component 'f:' and line #2 represents the pulsating component. The frequency of pulsating component 2 is 1 to 20Hz! It is selected from within the range of liα, and its amplitude A2 is 1/3 to 115 of the fixed component candy A1. The pulsating component 1 is easily introduced into the constant component by conventional means, with a vibrating valve (not shown) mounted in front of the air inlet tube 6 (FIG. 1). This pulsating air pressure disperses the droplets and moves them along separate paths, thereby improving the quality of the particles.

The above effect can also be obtained by the following aspect. While keeping the air pressure constant, a suitable conventional means (Fig. 7
3<None), the container 2 is 150 mm in circumference around this vertical axis.
A state in which the container 2 rotates at a rotational speed of ~120 rpm*, or the container 2 is vibrated at a frequency of 1 to 50 Hz around the same vertical axis, and the vibration amplitude of the orifice 2d furthest from the vertical axis is 1 to 15 f. ) mm.

The droplet monodispersity (droplet size and weight) and the particle size composition of the particles produced are improved in the following manner. That is, while keeping the air pressure on the free surface of the liquid constant, a disturbance is applied to the jet 5b of the liquid, and a surface tension wave having a wavelength of 2.5 to 15 times the diameter of the jet is formed on the liquid surface. It is a mode. For this purpose, the vibrator 13 is activated.

This vibrator has high frequency vibration (100~2000Hz)'i
z rod] 4 to the melt 5. Said vibrations can occur directly or via the radiator 17 (FIG. 2) or via the intermediate wall, i.e. the part 2e of the container 2 (FIG. 1).
added to the melt.

The gas that can be used to apply positive pressure to the bath melt 5 is 1
By applying acoustic vibrations having a frequency of 00 to 2000 Hz to the gas, that is, air, it can also be used as a source of high frequency disturbance. Modifications of the apparatus for carrying out this embodiment of the method of the invention are illustrated in FIGS. 1-7.

All these variants of the device according to the invention always include a gas flow pulser, which is especially (FIG. 4) a main body 1.
It is constructed in the form of two discs 18 and 19 spaced apart and coaxially arranged in several cases. The first (lower) disk 18 is fixed and acts as a Marsa stator, has ventilation holes 18a (z) and is circularly shaped (FIGS. 5 and 6). 2 (Upper side) Disc 19 is trace 19
a and a protrusion 19b, and is connected to a driving body (not shown) via a rib 20. The shaft 20 is held in a bearing 21 on the cover 2'2, which is fixed to the main body IK. The number of holes 18a in the disc 18 is equal to the number of protrusions 1 in the disc 19.
9b (grooves 19a).

The protrusions 19a of the rotary body 19 are configured to alternately close the holes 18a when the rotary body 19 is rotating, so that the holes 18a are completely opened (FIG. 5). and can be closed (Fig. 6). The number (Z) of actuating members of the pulser (in the case of this implementation row, protrusions 19b) is determined by the following relational expression.

0f 2 = - Here, f is the frequency of the disturbance applied to the bath melting jet, and this frequency ranges from 100 to 2000 as described above.
Hz, and n is the rotational speed of the rotor in rpm.

When the device of this modification is activated and the hole 18a of the disk 18 is circumferentially closed by the protrusion 1.9b of the disk 19, the air is pulsated at the desired frequency f and the ridges Reliably separates the jet of melt into monodisperse droplets.

In the case of this change row, there is an orifice 2f in the upper part 2b of the container 2.
These two orifices are used to release excess air from the cavity 2a of the B vessel.

In another modification of the device according to the invention (FIG. 7), the gas flow pulser and compressed gas source are combined in the form of a fan 23. This includes a stator 24 having one air outlet pipe 24a, and a rotor 25 to which vanes 25'a are attached. Air outlet pipe 24 of child 24. It is configured to alternately close parts of a. The number of fan blades (Z) is also determined from the above equation.

This modification device operates in a manner 45fi generally similar to that shown in FIGS. 4-6. However, the seventh
The combination of the pulsar and the compressed gas source in the form of one device (fan), as shown in the figure, considerably simplifies its construction without obviously affecting the advantages of the device of the invention. It is something that can be done.

This modified U device has a chamber 2 with variable volume.
The resonator includes a resonator configured in the form of 6. This chamber is set aside in the body 1 and communicates with the cavity of the circumferential container 2 and with the air inlet pipe 6. The answer A* of this chamber 26 is
This is modified by a movable ring piston 27 introduced inside this chamber 26. This movement of the piston causes a resonance tuned to the desired frequency of the jet disturbance.

The AiJ chamber 26 can be tuned differently by flooding the chamber with a suitable liquid 28 at a volumetric weight of S>it. Obviously, it is also possible to combine both aspects described above to synchronize the chamber 26.

The resonator r>iJ can be expressed in other words, for example, as part 2 of container 2.
It is also possible to form an elastic ring 29 provided substantially horizontally on the elastic support 30 at c. Both of the above 1
The change f+ll of the dragon can be made by combining both the chamber and the ring (Fig. 7) or by changing them separately, but when used in combination, the jet 5a of the melt 5
This is preferable because a more effective disturbance can be applied.

Furthermore, this modified device includes a grass pressure regulator 31 within the '& container 2. This regulator is constructed in the form of an annular collector 32, and the collector L/collector is provided with a vertical contact hole 33, which pipe has a slot) 33.
A and an integral piston 34, and this integral piston is provided within the connecting pipe C1J and moves in the axial direction. The collector 32 is mounted in the perforated container 2 and communicates with the cavity 2a of the container 2a through an orifice 2f provided in the container 2 at the upper blade position than the discharge orifice 2d.

In this embodiment, the container 2 (bow) is removably formed and has a recess 2g in one part 2c.

The liquid dess l-IJ beater 4 (is formed in the shape of a regular packing fixed to the inlet v3 and disposed within the four parts 2g of the container 2. The configuration of such a liquid dess l-IJ beater 4 is as follows. This allows the feed liquid to be introduced below the lowest orifice of the container 2 without causing any turbulent interaction with the liquid 5 already present, which allows the J ￥J dispersed droplets can be produced.

.nu., bottom margin The modification of the device of the invention shown in FIG. 7 operates similarly to that described above. Due to the presence of the resonator (chamber 26 or elastic ring 29), the disturbance of the jet 5b of the melt 5 caused by the fan 23 increases transiently. By changing the amount of the melt 5 supplied to the container 2, the liquid 5
The number of orifices 2d that emit 2d varies as described above. During the continuous supply of air under pressure by the fan 23, the air pressure (P) in the container 2 is kept constant and equal to P=mg-. Here, m and F are the mass and surface area of the piston 34, respectively, and g is the apparent falling acceleration. Excess air resulting from the positive pressure is continuously discharged from the container 2 via the orifice 2f and collected at the collector 32.
, and is discharged from a partial region of the slot 33a located below the piston 34 at the time shown. When the speed of supplying the melt 5 increases or decreases, the partial area of the slot 33a increases (the piston 75 moves upward) or decreases (the piston moves downward), thereby causing the container 2 to become empty. A constant voltage of electricity can be supplied within the body.

It is noteworthy that when the method and apparatus of the present invention is utilized in a granulation operation, it is possible to produce granulated fertilizers that are more monodisperse than previously. Excellent monodispersity increases the agricultural value of fertilizers. This is because highly monodisperse fertilizers can be spread evenly over cultivated land, resulting in higher yields.

Next, specific examples of the present invention will be described.

Example 1 Ammonium nitrate having a crystallization temperature of 167° C. was dispersed and granulated according to the method of the invention using the apparatus described above. The melt was supplied to the lower part of the perforated container, and the temperature of the air supplied to the perforated container was set to be higher than the crystallization temperature of the melt, ie, 170°C. The air pressure exerted on the free surface of the melt was kept constant and set at 1000 Pa. The perforated vessel has a discharge orifice with a diameter of 2400 mm.
It was unique. The production capacity of the equipment was varied between a maximum (14 tons/hour) and a minimum (1,4) 77 hours). In this case, the number of discharge orifices through which the melt flows out is u2400
It varied between 240 and 240.

According to this granulation operation, fine particles having the following composition according to particle size were obtained within the entire control range of the melt supply rate. In other words, particles with a size of 3 myrb or more are 2
．． 7-4.2%, particles with a size of 2-3 gm (desired part) 65-75%, particles d with a size of 1 mm or less, 0
The diameter of the particles was 1 to 0.8 φ and the size of the residual particles was 1 to 2 mrrt.

Example 2 The granulation operation was carried out as in Example 1. Air pressure 1112
．． It was held at 5 x 104Pa. The particles thus obtained have approximately the same particle size as in Example 1. 5) Thread 1 of Ij
It had one result.

Example 3 The granulation operation was carried out as in Example 1. Air pressure is 600
It was 0 Pa. However, in this case, a disturbance was applied to the surface of the jet by a vibrator. The frequency of the disturbance is 5
60Hz, and the wavelength of the disturbance is 2 times the diameter of the melt jet.
It is assumed to be equal to 5 times.

The particles thus obtained had the following composition according to particle size. That is, 12% of the particles were 3i71:u or higher, 80% of particles had 2nd to 3rd charge, 11% had particles of 1πn or less, and the remaining particles were 1 to 2rnm.

Example 4 The granulation operation was carried out as in Example 3. The wavelength of the disturbance was 5.5 times the diameter of the melt jet.

Up to 95 of the monodispersed particles thus obtained were 2.
It was the size of 3 vtrx.

Example 5 The granulation operation was carried out as in Example 3. In this case, the wavelength of the disturbance is 15 times the diameter of the melt jet.More than 95% of the monodisperse particles thus produced are 3
．． It was 2m long.

Soil IJ 6 The granulation operation was carried out as in Example 1. However, a pulsating component with a frequency of IHz was superimposed on a constant value of air pressure, and the amplitude was set to 73, which is the value of the constant air pressure.

As a result, the amount of particles with an IG diameter of 2 to 3 mTL increased by 80 degrees.

Example 7 The granulation operation was carried out analogously to Example 6. However, in this case the pulse frequency of the supplied air was 20 Hz and the amplitude was 75, the constant air pressure value.

The results thus obtained were almost the same as in Example 6.

Example 8 The granulation operation was carried out as in Example 6. However, in this case, the frequency of the pulsating component of air pressure was set to 10 Hz, and the amplitude was set to 74, which is the value of constant air pressure.

The results thus obtained were almost the same as in Example 6.

Example 9 The granulation operation was carried out as in Example 1. However, if the effective container is rotated at 15 rpm and at the same time the air pressure is 4500 rpm,
It was maintained at Pa.

With this operation, the droplets were less likely to coalesce into each other during flight, and as a result, the monodispersity of the particles was raised by a factor of 85.

Example 10 The granulation operation was carried out analogously to Example 9. However, the rotation speed of the perforated container was 60 rpm.

The result obtained by K like this! ni'-: (Almost the same as in ri Example 9.

Example 11 The granulation operation was carried out analogously to Example 9. However, the rotation speed of the perforated container was 120 rprr.

The results thus obtained were almost the same as in Example 9.

Example 12 The granulation operation was carried out as in Example 1. However, in this case, while keeping the air pressure constant at 4500 Pa, the perforated vessel is vibrated around its vertical axis at a frequency of I Hz, and the vibration amplitude of the orifice of the vessel furthest from this axis (i.e. , travel) was set to 150 ho.

A disturbance effect was applied to the jet of melt, the wavelength of this disturbance being equal to 55 times the diameter of the jet.

As a result, the droplets are less likely to coalesce with each other during flight, so that the monodispersity of particles with a size of 2.3 mm is 9.
improved to 6%.

Example 13 The granulation operation was carried out analogously to Example 12. However, by vibrating the perforated container around its vertical shaft at a frequency of 25 Hz,
In addition, the vibration amplitude of the orifice of the container farthest from this axis was set to 25 degrees.

The results thus obtained were almost the same as in Example 12.

Example 14 The granulation operation was carried out as in Example 12. However, if the perforated container is vibrated around its vertical shaft at a frequency of 50 Hz,
and the distance of the discharge orifice farthest from this axis is 1 m.
It was set as m.

The results thus obtained were almost the same as in Example 1.

Example 15 The granulation operation was carried out as in Example 1. However, 100Hz
Acoustic vibrations with a frequency of

The monodispersity of particles of size 2-3 YnT- increased to 95 inches.

Example 16 The granulation operation was carried out analogously to Example 15. However, the frequency of the acoustic vibration of the air was set to 600 Hz. Air pressure is 450
It was maintained at 0 Pa.

The results thus obtained were almost the same as in Example 15.

Example 17 The granulation operation was carried out analogously to Example 15. However, the frequency of acoustic vibration in the air is set to 2000 Hz. Air pressure is IQ
, 0OOPa. The diameter of the discharge orifice was 05 carp.

The monodispersity of particles with a diameter of 1 dragon was 90.

Example 18 Example 1 (
That is, it was dispersed and granulated in substantially the same manner as in the case of ammonium nitrate). However, in the case of and -, nitrogen was used instead of air. The nitrogen pressure was maintained at 4000 Pa and the temperature was 142°C. Perforated container has a diameter of 1.17
It had 3000 111n emission orifices. A disturbance was applied to the liquid jet, the wavelength of which was equal to six times the diameter of the melt shet.

The production rate of fσ is varied between 32 and 3.2 tons/h, so that the number of discharge orifices through which the melt flows out is 3.
It varied between 000 and 300.

According to this granulation operation, high quality particles having the following composition by particle size were obtained within the entire control range of the melt supply rate. In other words, particles with a size of 31jrn or more are 0
%, particles with a size of 2-3 mm are 984-99%, 1 m
01-03% of the particles had a size of less than m, and the remaining particles had a size of 2-2 mm.

In fact, all of the particles in the 2 to 3 size range were 22 mm in diameter, ie, monodisperse particles.

While specific embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described, it is understood that various other modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art and, therefore, the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments or specific examples thereof. Various modifications may be made within the spirit and scope specified in the claims.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the apparatus of the present invention for carrying out the method of the present invention for forming liquid into droplets, and FIG. Figure 3 shows a modification example in which disturbance is applied to the liquid by
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state in which a pulsating component is superimposed on a constant value of gas pressure according to the method of the invention, and FIG. , 5th
Fig. 6 and Fig. 6 are diagrams (viewed along arrow A in Fig. 4) showing the two positions of the Luza disk in Fig. 4 when it is rotating relative to each other, and Fig. 7 is Another modification of the device of the present invention including a resonator! FIG. 6 shows a modification in which the filter and compressed gas source are combined in the form of a fan; DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Main body, 2...Perforated container, 2a...Cavity of perforated container, 2d...Discharge orifice, 3...Fluid inlet pipe, 4...Liquid dess tube =-ta, 4d...liquid distribution hole, 5...liquid, 5a...liquid free surface, 5b...liquid jet, 5C...liquid droplet, 6...・Gas inlet pipe, 7...Gas distributor, 7b...Gas distributor hole, 15
... Compressed gas source, 18... First disk, 18a...
Hole in first disc, 19...second disc, 19a...second
Groove of disc, ], 9 b...Protrusion of second disc, 23.
...Fan, 24...Fan stator, 24&...
Gas outlet pipe, 25... rotor of the fan to which the blades are attached, 25a... rotor blades, 26... chamber whose volume can be changed, 29... elastic ring 3 FIG, 2 FIG, 3 FIG, 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a perforated vessel (2) with discharge orifices (2ci) located at different levels, with a controlled liquid feed rate depending on the desired production rate of about 1-cF per hour. , feeding the liquid (5) to be atomized and at the same time imparting a positive pressure sound of gas to the free surface (5a) of the liquid (5) in said container (2) through the orifice (2d) of said container (2). The liquid is discharged in a jet form from the jet (5d), and then the jet (5d)
In the method for simplifying large amounts of liquid, the positive pressure of gas on the liquid (5) is maintained constant throughout the range of change in the liquid feeding rate, and the controlling said liquid delivery so that the level of liquid in the perforated container (2) varies between the levels of the uppermost and lowermost discharge orifices (2d) over a range of changes in the liquid delivery rate; A method for irregularizing a large amount of liquid, characterized by: 2. The constant pressure of the gas is 10~2.5X], Q
I11 encirclement 1 of the patent claim characterized in that Pa
The method described in section. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the gas is heated to a crystallinity higher than the crystallization temperature of the liquid. 4. Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the liquid is fed from the free surface (5a) of the liquid (5) in the perforated container (2) to the lower part of the first perforated container (2). The method according to any one of Item 3. 5. A pulsating component is superimposed on a constant value of gas pressure, and this pulsating component has a frequency of 1 to 20 Hz and an amplitude of 173 to 115 of the value of the constant gas pressure. The method according to any one of the ranges 1 to 4. 6. While keeping the gas pressure constant, the perforated container (2)
The force/reduction described in any one of claims 1 to 5y4 is characterized in that the device is rotated around the vertical axis of the perforated container at a rotational speed of 15 to 120 rpm. 7 At the same time as keeping the gas pressure constant,
) is vibrated around the circumference of the 44-hole container stand 11111 at a vibration frequency of 1 to 50 H, z, and the vibration amplitude of the orifice (2d) furthest from the stand axis is 1 to 150 mm. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5. 8 While keeping the gas pressure constant, a disturbance is applied to the soet (5b) of the liquid (5), and a surface tension wave having a wavelength of 2.5 to 15 times the inner diameter of the jet (5a) is generated on the surface of the jet (5a). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the method is characterized in that the method generates the data. 9 Utilizing the gas used to apply positive pressure to the liquid (5) in the perforated gage (2),
9. A method according to claim 8, wherein the liquid jet is subjected to a disturbance by applying acoustic vibrations of a frequency of 2000 Hz. 10 A body (1), a perforated container (2) attached to the body and having at its lower part a plurality of orifices (2d) for the outflow of a liquid (5) provided at different levels, and a source of compressed gas. (15), a gas-containing pipe (6), and a liquid outlet pipe (3) for respectively supplying the gas and liquid (5) to the cavity (2a) of the container (2). , the liquid artificial tube (3) has holes (4d) configured to uniformly introduce the liquid (5), and a liquid dest II beater (4).
A device for reducing a large amount of liquid into small droplets, the device further comprising a gas distributor (7) provided inside the main body (1), and a gas distributor (7). A hole (7b) is connected to the gas inlet pipe (6) to uniformly introduce the gas into the cavity (2a) of the container (2). The hole (7b) in the gas gust IJ beater (7) is located above the level of the topmost discharge orifice (2d) of the gas gust IJ beater (7) and the liquid dest IJ beater (4) is located above the level. The hole (4d) receives a small amount of liquid at the position ij (level below) of the uppermost orifice (2d).
Device white□ to be converted into IoT. 11. A perforated container (2) having a plurality of orifices (2d) in the T part for the outflow of the liquid (5), which are provided in several cases in the main body and provided at different levels. ,
a compressed gas source (15), a gas inlet pipe (6), and a liquid outlet pipe (3) for respectively supplying the gas and liquid (5) to the cavity (2a) of the front container (2). A mass f scissor body comprising a liquid destabilizer (4), which is equipped with a liquid inlet pipe (3) and has holes (4a) 1.1 configured to uniformly introduce the liquid (5). In the device for making small droplets of water, this device has four parts:
'l! iW l-,, the gas destroyer l) beater (7)
is in communication with the gas inlet pipe (6) and has a hole (7b) for uniformly introducing gas into the cavity (2a) of the container (2), and has a hole (7b) in the gas destabilizer (7). (7b)
is the position 1 of the uppermost discharge orifice (2d) of the container (2)
(located above the d level and liquid des)
l) The hole (4d) of the computer (4) is located below the position level of said uppermost orifice (2d), and the registering nuclear device is further provided with an aperture introduced into the cavity of the upper hole container (2). A gas flow pulser arranged in the gas flow path and formed in the form of a stator and a rotor is provided, and the fixed body 5 is provided with at least one gas outlet pipe and the rotor rotates. The child is rotatable with respect to the stator, and has an actuating member which is cut at an angle and further arranged uniformly in a circular shape. When the gas outlet pipe of the stator is at least partially closed, the number (Z) on the working part side is expressed by the following relation: 0 f Z = - where f is the frequency H of the disturbance applied to the liquid jet.
z1 rl is the rotational speed of the rotor in rpm, and is determined by "f: ilA'tuff" A device for making small droplets of a large amount of liquid. 12. The stator of the pulsar has a circular shape that acts as a gas outlet. The rotor is formed in the form of a second disk (19) coaxial with the first disk (18) and has grooves. (19a) and stator mating holes (18a) i and protrusions (19b) e that alternately close. 12. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that the number of holes (18a) is equal to the number of holes (18a).13.
The fan is configured to alternately close part of the outlet pipe (24a) of the stator (24) having one gas outlet pipe and the lj'i' rectangle (24). 4, that the blade (25a) which is the blower operating member includes a rotor (25) to which 1117 is attached! 1
``The scope of the portrait as a sign [the device described in paragraph 1]. 14. A main body (1), a plurality of orifices (2d) for the outflow of liquid (5) attached to the main body and provided at different levels, a perforated container (2) at the bottom, and a compressed a gas source (1, 5); a gas inlet (6); and a liquid inlet pipe (3) that supplies the gas and liquid (5) to the cavity (2a) of the container (2), respectively. A liquid dest IJ beater (4) having holes (4d) configured to uniformly introduce the liquid (5) into the liquid inlet pipe (3).
) is provided, consisting of a small liquid wreck? 1, the device further comprises a gas distributor (7) provided inside the main body (1), and the gas distributor (7) is connected to the gas inlet neck (6). The hole (7b) of the gas distributor (7) has a hole (7b)ffi for uniformly introducing gas into the cavity (2a) of the container (2). The uppermost discharge orifice (2d) of the container (2) is about 11. and liquid destrich”,-ta(
The hole (4d) in 4) is located 16 levels below the uppermost orifice (2d), and the device is historically (introduced into the cavity of the hole vessel (2)). further comprising a gas flow sensor disposed in the gas flow path and configured in the form of a stator and a rotor, the stator being provided with at least one gas outlet pipe, and the rotor The element is rotatably attached to the identifier and further has an actuating member arranged uniformly in a circular shape, and the 1'l-
When the rotor is rotating, the cut 1 eave is used for the gas 1 of the stator.
'Kenkin is at least partially closed and the working part of the shrine (Z)
is the following relational expression, 0f 2 = - t, where f is the frequency of the disturbance applied to the liquid jet, 9
+fZ, n P, J: Rotator rotation speed r p
m %, further characterized in that the device comprises a resonator tuned to the frequency of the disturbance imparted to the jet (sb) of the liquid (5). A device that converts liquid into small droplets. 15 The resonator is located in the Tanimunecho transformation chamber (
26)]6. The device according to claim 14, characterized in that the resonator is formed by an elastic ring (29) provided substantially horizontally in the lower part of the hole container (2). . A dirty plan