JPS5967491A - Nuclear fusion reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a nuclear fusion reactor9, particularly a nuclear fusion reactor that houses a superconducting magnet in tokamak type nuclear fusion and is equipped with a belljar type cryostat suitable for improving neutron shielding performance. Regarding fusion reactors.

In general, in the case of a nuclear fusion reactor that uses deuterium 0 and tritium gas as fuel, a large amount of fast neutrons are generated in the core plasma by the DT fusion reaction. Therefore, in such a nuclear fusion reactor, in order to prevent these neutrons from leaking to the outside of the core, a shielding body made of a material with poor neutron absorption efficiency is provided.

Figures 1 and 2 schematically show a tokamak-type fusion reactor.

As shown in the figure, a blanket 2 is installed so as to be in contact with the core plasma IK, and a shield 3 is installed so as to enclose these core parts.
is provided. The performance of the shield 3 is configured to minimize the transmission of neutrons generated in the reactor core to the outside of the reactor core.

Further, impurities are generated in the core plasma 1, and a diverter 4 is provided to exhaust the impurities, and the neutralized impurity particles are drawn out through the exhaust duct 5. Furthermore, several superconducting toroidal magnetic field coils 8 and superconducting boloidal magnetic field coils 9 are installed to surround the reactor core and confine and control the plasma 1.

A nuclear fusion reactor is constructed by housing these in a belljar-type cryostat 7. In addition, 10 is a furnace chamber.

However, in such a configuration, as shown in Figure 2, 1% of the core has a divided structure (referred to as sectors 12) 11 in the torus direction for overhaul during maintenance. There is a slight gap. As a result, the neutrons in the reactor core will be μ+, !
It is extremely difficult to take measures to prevent this from leaking (streaming) to the outside. Furthermore, when a diverter 4 is provided to exhaust impurities in the plasma, an exhaust duct 5 is required to draw out neutralized impurity particles to the outside, and neutrons in the core are passed through this exhaust duct 5 to the outside of the core. leak to. In addition, leakage from the beam duct or piping of the neutral particle injection device is also considered.

In this way, leakage of neutrons during reactor operation is unavoidable due to the structure of the shield 3, and cannot be shielded by the belljar-type cryostat 7 made of a simple metal plate. Therefore, other structures within the furnace chamber 10 are also exposed to radiation, making it difficult for humans to approach these parts during operation and during shutdown.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and its purpose is to prevent neutrons leaking from the g-shield from leaking into the reactor chamber, and to prevent the neutrons from leaking into the reactor chamber during operation and stop. The goal is to provide a nuclear fusion reactor that will allow humans to access this area.

The present invention provides a cryostat that houses a reactor core that holds plasma for generating a nuclear fusion reaction using deuterium and tritium as fuel, and a superconducting magnet that surrounds this reactor core and confines and controls the plasma. This object is achieved by constructing a multi-layer structure in which a neutron absorbing material is housed in the hollow part of a hollow structural plate.

The present invention will be described below based on embodiments shown in the drawings. same,
The same reference numerals are used for the same items as before.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the fusion reactor of the present invention.

Since its schematic structure is almost the same as the conventional one, the explanation here is omitted, and the parts related to the present invention are described below.
That is, the explanation will be made using FIG. 4, which is an enlarged view of section A in FIG. 3.

In the present embodiment shown in the figure, the bell jar type cryostat 8 7 is configured to have a shielding performance against neutrons. That is, a hollow structural plate 13 made of a structural material such as stainless steel is divided into a plurality of parts, and a shielding material 14, that is, a high-concentration neutron absorbing material (F310,
Paraffin containing Gd, etc.) is added, or light water containing the above-mentioned neutron absorbing material is circulated. A belljar-type cryostat 7 is constructed by the multilayer structure of the shield block plate unit having such a structure, and by arranging the divided parts of the hollow structural plate 130 so as to be shifted from each other between the phases Vs suction. .

With the configuration of this embodiment, even if neutrons leak from the sector gap of the divided structure, or leak through the exhaust duct, or even from the beam duct or piping, Since the cryostat 7 with excellent shielding ability houses a neutron absorbing material in the hollow structural plate 13, neutrons are not absorbed here, and neutrons leak into the reactor chamber 10. This prevents people from accessing the furnace chamber 10 even during operation or stoppage.

Similarly, by providing a lead layer on the outer surface of the cryostat 7, gamma rays passing into the furnace chamber 10 can be shielded, which is more effective. In addition, the shield block plate unit does not pose any particular problem in terms of strength by providing appropriate reinforcing ribs inside.

According to the nuclear fusion reactor of the present invention as described above, there is a reactor core that holds plasma for generating a nuclear fusion reaction using deuterium and tritium as fuel, and a reactor core that surrounds the reactor core to confine the plasma; The cryostat that accommodates the superconducting magnet and the superconducting magnet to be controlled is made up of multiple layers of hollow structural plates containing neutron absorbing material, so neutrons leaking from the shield are absorbed by the cryostat and are used in the reactor. There will be no leakage into the room, and it will be possible for humans to access this area even when it is in operation or stopped, making it extremely effective when used in this type of fusion reactor.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a tokamak-type fusion reactor having a conventional belljar-type Tarai Ostat, Fig. 2 is a partial plan view thereof, and Fig. 3 is a tokamak-type fusion reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention. The vertical cross-sectional view, FIG. 4, is an enlarged detailed view of part A. 1... Core plasma, 2... Blanket, 3...
・Shield, 4... Diverter, 5... Exhaust duct,
7... Cryostat, 8... Superconducting toroidal magnetic field coil, 9... Superconducting boloidal magnetic field coil) 1
0... Furnace chamber 113... Hollow structure plate, 14... Shielding material. Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A reactor core that holds plasma for generating a nuclear fusion reaction using deuterium and tritium as fuel, and a plurality of reactor cores that surround the reactor core to confine and control the plasma. In a fusion reactor equipped with a superconducting magnet arranged and a cryostat accommodating the superconducting magnet and the reactor core, the cryostat has a multilayer structure in which a neutron absorbing material is housed in a hollow part of a hollow structural plate. A nuclear fusion reactor characterized by comprising: 2. The glue fusion reactor according to claim 1, wherein the cryostat is divided into a plurality of parts, and the divided parts are arranged in multiple layers and are offset from each other. 3. The fusion reactor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a lead layer is provided on the outer surface of the cryostat.