JPS5964716A - Quenching apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable to perform extremely simplified quenching, in the titled apparatus for surface quenching the small-diameter and shoulder parts of a shaft body having at least a plurality of small and large diameter parts while rotating said shaft body about its axis, by organizing a heating coil and a cooler into a specified state. CONSTITUTION:The inner wall of a heating coil C for surface quenching a shaft body W comprises a semicircular arc Va having a center Oa capable of facing to the periphery of a small-diameter part Wa with a predetermined gap, and notched arcs Vb slightly larger than the periphery of a large diameter part Wb, having a center Ob continuous to both sides of said arc Va. Coolers Q maintaining the width in the manner that a space surrounded with their inner walls is similar to or larger than the diameter of the arc Vb and length nearly equal to the sum of the diameter of the arc Vb and the radius of the arc Va are symmetrically provided in close vicinity to both sides of the coil C, to constitute the quenching apparatus in an integrated structure. During quenching, it is displaced along the axial direction of the center at the original 1 from the position of the coil C, and the shaft body W is rotated while supporting its center and sequentially and relatively moved along positions 2-8 in the drawing. Said shaft body W is heated by applying an electric current to the coil C, and a cooling fluid is sprayed inward obliquely backwards along the moving direction of only the cooler Q located at the following side.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a hardening device for surface hardening a small diameter portion and a following M portion while rotating a shaft body having a single or a medullary number of shafts.

Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 1(a), there is a new development in which the small diameter part Wa' and the large diameter part Wb' of the curved shaft body W' and the small diameter part Wa' transition to the large diameter part wb'. Shoulder We'
When surface hardening is to be performed, as shown in FIG.
Placed at a position opposite to the shoulder We' of d. The heating coil C' is heated in place for a predetermined period of time, and then the heating coil C' and the
d・1 constant heat cooler. ' and in the direction of arrow a,
It is moved at a constant speed, and after the start of movement, it is cooled from the cooler Q' after tir fixed time R<. 10 bodies were injected and heated by the preceding heating coil C'/I'J ttli We'
and the surface of the small diameter section Wa' which is successively heated by the moving heating coil C, and /f: The usual technique is to rapidly cool the shoulder section We. The small diameter portion Wa' and the shoulder W c
'i: 15 minutes is not carried out because it results in non-uniform hardening compared to other parts. ) Therefore, as shown in No. 11S'1(e), the small diameter parts Wal and wa2 of the shaft body W whose both end parts are the small diameter part Wa and Wa2 and the central part is the large diameter part wb and the shoulders connected to these, respectively. When attempting to harden the surface of the parts We□ and Wag, the following two methods were used.

(11 Similar to the one shown in Fig. 1(b), the heating coil C
A set of quenching equipment consisting of `` and a cooler Q'' is placed on one side of the center shaft C, and with the shaft body W supported at the center, the quenching equipment is moved to the shoulder We, for example, to reduce the diameter. Department Wa.

Then, the center support of the shaft body W is removed and reversed, and the small diameter portion Wa and the shoulder portion Wc following it are hardened in the same manner.

(2) As shown in Figure 1(c), Ryo7/Ter@t e l
and C71 rule respectively heating coil c/, and cooler Q
, / and 6-person device M- and heating coil C
, / and a cooler Qt' are arranged, and the heating coils C1/ and C, / of the respective hardening devices M1' and M1/ are supplied with a w1 flow from a single power source. The energization of the ItQII body W is configured to be switchable, and the ItQII body W is connected to a center-supported five-piece device, for example, first, A', and one-person device M1'.
After moving in the direction indicated by the dashed line, the heating coils c, /
1i, and move the device Ml' in the direction of the arrow a.
17 on the other hand 1 [(l〃1 part We1 and small diameter part Wal
Then, after moving the quenching equipment M,' in the direction of the dashed arrow d, the heating coils c, / are energized, and the heating coils C,
Hardening in the direction .

When the conventional technique (1) is used, the shaft body W must be detached from the center support in order to be reversed, and the quenching process becomes two steps.

If the long feasts in the small diameter sections Wa and Wa2 are different, the sequence time will also be different, which will further increase the complexity. In addition, when conventional technique (2) is used, it is possible to omit the reversing operation of attaching and detaching the shaft body W supported at the center, but the quenching process is two steps, similar to the iMfJ method. 2 #fl quenching equipment must be provided.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the complexity and complexity of the above-mentioned conventional techniques, and is directed to a small diameter shaft body in which the small diameter part and the large diameter part are singular and plural, or plural and singular, or both a number. The object of the present invention is to provide a hardening device that can extremely easily insert the surface of the shoulder portion and the subsequent shoulder portion.

The present invention will be explained according to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2(a) to 3(d).

FIG. 2(a) shows the quenching apparatus of the present invention broken down into three elements and a side view of each element.

The eel element shown in the center is a heating coil C connected to a power source E. The inner peripheral wall of the heating coil C is Oa that can face the outer periphery of the small diameter portions Wal and Wa2 of the shaft body W with a predetermined gap.
A semicircular arc r8, which is a half-section of a circle centered on , and the semicircular arc r
1. A notched circular arc r that is slightly larger than the outer circumference of the large diameter portion wb centered on ob, which is continuous with both ends of the circle,
It has a so-called Dharma type consisting of. The articules shown on both sides of the heating coil have the same shape, respectively.
1 and Ql. The coolers Q1 and C2 have, for example, a gate shape, and the respective cooling units F and Fl
The intervals between Q, F, and 21 are set to be almost the same as the diameter of the notched arc rb on the inner circumferential wall of the heating coil C, and the leg length' is the diameter of the notched arc rb plus the radius of the semicircular arc ra. Set the length to be approximately equal to the added length or q above it. The opposing inner surfaces of ll11Fl-F and the opposing inner surfaces of legs F and F2 are each formed into an inclined surface t that slopes from the inside to the outside at a predetermined angle toward one end surface, A large number of cooling fluid injection holes 8 are provided on the inclined surface t over a certain range of the knob r extending from the tip of the leg toward the base. IPlIF',
・F, and leg F!・F, base G connecting each
.

Cooling fluid supply hoses h and 1 are connected to A and G, forming the coolers Q and Q2.
The cooling fluid can be injected diagonally inward from the cooling fluid injection holes 8 through the cavity of the body.

(g) Heating coil C and cooler Q1. .

For example, as shown in FIG.
yQ and Q are the knobs on the image side of the heating coil C and are fixed symmetrically so that the inclined surfaces t face outward, respectively, and are constructed as a hardening device M having an integral structure. A forward/backward movement mechanism, for example, the tip of a rod R of a cylinder CY is fixed to the upper surface of the connecting member.

Therefore, by setting the specifications as specified, the cylinder CY can be driven to follow the arrow of the rod R.
The retraction stroke is performed by heating coil C shown in Fig. 2(a).
The rotation iL r and the notched arc r that synthesize the inner circumferential wall of
The distance between the respective centers O& and ob is equal to the distance between the combs, so that the hardening device M fixed to the tip of the rod R can be displaced by the above-mentioned stroke. The cooling fluid supply hose h1 connected to the cooler Q is, for example, a solenoid valve B.

Also via Cooler Q! The cooling fluid supply hoses b y connected to the cooling fluid supply hoses b y are respectively connected to the cooling fluid supply source P via electromagnetic valves B1.

Embodiment of the embodiment having the configuration described above: When surface hardening of a shaft body Wft in which both end portions are a small diameter portion Wa and the center portion is a large diameter portion wb is performed using the hardening apparatus M, Fig. C113 (IL
) to (d) will be explained below.

Figure 3 (a)
The hardening device k M is positioned in the right center axis direction as shown in 1 and with the rod R of the cylinder CY in the forward position.
Let the position origin of the heating coil C be 1. The shaft W is carried between both centers and rotated while being supported by the center. The quenching tool [M is relatively moved from the position origin 1 to the point 2 near the large diameter part wb of the small diameter part Wa1 according to the broken line arrow X1. In this case, the relative positional relationship between the 4al+ body W and the heating coil C is a notched circular arc r, as shown in FIG. 3(b).

Since the center ob and the axis of the N, I11 body W are set to coincide, the large diameter part wb is the heating coil C#)
'3 passed without any trouble. Hardening device reaches position 2 +f
fi M drives cylinder CY to move rod R back to position 3. Since the stroke of the rod R is set as specified, the relative positional relationship between the shaft body W and the heating coil C at position 3 is as shown in FIG. 3(c). The inner wall surface of the semicircular arc r of the heating coil C is aligned with the axis of W, and the inner wall surface of the semicircular arc r of the heating coil C is opposed to the half circumference of the outer circumference of the small diameter portion Wa□ with a predetermined gap, and the right side end surface of the inner wall portion. is the base WC of the large diameter part wb
A cooler Q which faces I with a predetermined gap therebetween.

However, there is a breakage above the large diameter portion wb.

Next, close the source E and turn the heating coil C in position 3.
energization is started, and the inner wall surface of the semicircular arc r of the heating coil C and the end surface of the rotating shaft body W are opposite to each other. The surface of each W c 1 is heated by induction. When the surface of the above-mentioned portion is heated to a predetermined hardening temperature, the hardening tool BM is relatively moved toward position 4 according to the solid arrow Y at a predetermined speed.

z'' - As a result, the surface of the small diameter portion Wa is heated by induction heating at a hardening temperature of 1 in order from the large diameter portion wb force direction to the left end.Meanwhile, after the start of the movement of the hardening device M, In other words, when the cooler Q+ following the heating coil C moves away from the large diameter section wb and reaches the small diameter section Vta due to the movement of the quenching device M, the electromagnetic pulp Blk is opened. and supplies cooling fluid from cooling fluid supply P to cooler Q through cooling fluid supply hoses h,'fc.Legs F, -F of cooler Q.

The inclined surfaces t on which the cooling fluid injection holes S are provided are each set to face backward and obliquely inward in the direction of movement of the quenching device M, so that the shoulders heated while the quenching device M is stopped at the position Department WC
, is supplied to the upper cooler Q1 and is rapidly cooled by the cooling fluid injected through the cooling fluid injection hole S, and then the quenching device M
The heating coil C that precedes the movement from position ■ to ■
The small diameter portion Wa, the surface of which is successively heated by the small diameter portion Wa, is successively rapidly cooled by the cooling fluid injected through the cooling fluid injection hole S of the cooler Q+ that follows. When the heating coil C has passed through the end face of the small diameter portion Wa1 or the entire required hardening range, the power source E is turned on to stop energization, and the heating coil C passes through the end face of the small diameter portion W2. Cooler Q
The movement of the quenching device M is stopped at the moment when the cooling fluid is finished cooling with the jetted cooling fluid from 1 and the electromagnetic pulp f3. ．． 7a7
It is closed to complete the surface hardening of the small diameter portion Wa.

Next, the cylinder CY is driven to move the rod Ri forward, displacing it to the hardening device Mk position (2), and moving it relative to the point (2) near the large diameter portion wb of the small diameter portion Wa2 in accordance with the broken line arrow X. During the relative movement of the quenching device M, the shaft body W and the heating coil C are
The relative positional relationship with the hardening device M is shown in Figure 3 (bl). .The relative positional relationship between the shaft body W and the heating coil C in this state is shown in FIG. 3 fC1.
, the inner wall of the semicircular arc ra of the heating coil C protrudes into a predetermined gap t and faces the half circumference of the outer circumference of the small diameter portion Wa2, and the left side end of the inner wall is large. 9. The heater Q2 faces the shoulder WC2 of the diameter portion wb with a predetermined gap, and the cooler Q2 is saddled above the large diameter portion wb. energization to C is started, and the semicircular arc r of the heating coil C is started.
Induction heating is performed in the vicinity of the connection of the large diameter portion Wb in the small diameter portion Wa2 of the rotating shaft body W whose inner wall surface and side end portions a are facing each other, and at the shoulder portion WC2.

When the surface of the above part reaches the specified quenching temperature,
Quenching device j M f: relative movement toward position ■ according to solid line arrow Y at a predetermined speed. As a result, the small diameter portion W
The surface of a is successively induction heated from the large diameter portion wb force direction to the right end portion to the quenching temperature. On the other hand, after the above-mentioned movement of the quenching device M is started, the electromagnetic valve 'Btk
The cooling fluid is supplied from the cooling fluid supply source P to the cooler Q2 via the cooling fluid supply hose h2k. Cooler Q
The inclined surfaces t on which the cooling fluid injection holes S of the legs F and F2 are formed are respectively set to face backward and obliquely inward in the direction of movement of the quenching machine #M, so that the quenching machine M is located at the position . The shoulder portion WC2 heated during the stop is rapidly cooled by the cooling fluid supplied to the cooler Q2 and injected from the cooling fluid injection hole S,
Next, as the quenching device M moves from position ■ to position ■, the surface of the small diameter portion W is successively heated by the preceding heating coil C.
A, it is sequentially rapidly cooled by the cooling fluid injected from the cooling fluid injection hole S of the cooler Q that follows it. When the heating coil C passes through the end face of the small diameter portion Wa2 or the required hardening range, the power supply g'l is opened to stop the energization, and the small diameter portion Wa2 is heated.
, the electromagnetic pulp B is closed and the small diameter part Wa
When the heating coil C reaches the position ■ after finishing the surface hardening of the sides, stop the movement of the hardening device M at □, drive the cylinder CY to advance the rod R, and move the hardening device M to the position. ■ Displace it to return to the origin. After stopping the rotation of the center shaft, the center support of the shaft body W is released, and the shaft body W is carried out from between the two centers to complete the hardening process.

In the above self-example, (-[the coolers Q1 and Q use a portal shape, and when moving relative to the shaft W of the quenching device M along the broken line X, ・X, and when moving relative to the solid line Y, -Y, The relative positional relationship between the shaft W and the coolers Q, Q, during each movement is represented by the shaft W shown by broken lines and solid lines as shown in FIG. 3(d).

The shape of the coolers Q, Q, is not limited to the gate shape of the above embodiment. For example, it may have an oval shape as shown in FIG. 4 when viewed from the end. In this case, the space 113 surrounded by the inner circumferential wall of the cooler Q is larger than the diameter of the large diameter part wb of the shaft body W, and the length is the semicircular arc r3 and the notched circular arc rb that combine the inner circumferential wall of the heating coil C. In other words, the length that does not interfere with the displacement of the quenching device that intersects between the respective centers □a and □b is approximately equal to the length of the notch arc rb plus the radius of the semicircular arc r3. It's good if it's longer than a long bomb. In addition, various shapes of coolers are conceivable, but as long as they satisfy the above-mentioned requirements, the same effect can be obtained and all of them are included in the scope of the present invention.

The structure in which the heating coil and two coolers sandwiched in the center thereof are integrated, and the location of the cooling fluid supply hose to the cooler are not limited to those in the above embodiment.

The non-inventive hardening tool R is also used when surface hardening the small diameter part of a shaft body, which has large diameter parts at both ends and a small diameter part at the center, and the subsequent shoulder parts on both sides.

This will be explained according to FIG.

The shaft body W shown in FIG. 5 consists of large diameter portions wb, wb, and small diameter portion Wa. Although the hardening process 8 has some differences from the above embodiment, the hardening operation is completely the same. That is, the quenching process consists of relative movement and displacement according to the arrows X, ・Y of the quenching device M up to the positions ■, ■, ■ and ■ in Fig. 3 (al) and cooling with the energized heating/cooling device Q. The surface hardening of the small diameter portion Wa and the shoulder portion WC that follows it due to the operation follows the arrows X, Y of the hardening device M up to the positions ■, ■, ■ and ■ in the hardening process shown in Fig. 5. It is exactly the same as the surface hardening of the small diameter part Wa up to the shoulder part WC following the small diameter part Wa of the large diameter part wb, and the position ■ due to relative movement and displacement and the hardening operation in the energized heating/cooler Q1. .

In addition, the quenching device f at positions ■ and ■ in Fig. 3(a)
Relative movement according to arrow Y of M and energized heating/cooling device Q2
Surface hardening of the small diameter portion Wa and the subsequent shoulder portion WC by the hardening operation consisting of cooling at The shoulder portion WC following the small diameter portion WaK of the large diameter portion Wb due to the quenching operation consisting of target movement and cooling in the energized heating/cooler Q.
, and is exactly the same as the surface hardening of the small diameter portion Wa up to position ■. The difference between the two quenching processes is that the relative movement and displacement of the quenching device M from ■ to ■ in Figure 3(a) and the return to the position origin from position ■ to ■ are different from those in Figure 5. The difference lies in the relative movement of the quenching device M from position 0 to ■ and the relative movement and displacement from position ■ to ■ to return to the position origin ■. This is simply a difference caused by the shape of W.

In the above embodiment, the shaft body W has a small diameter portion Wa only in the central portion.
However, even when a long shaft body is composed of a plurality of small-diameter parts and a plurality of large-diameter parts, the surface of the small-diameter part and the shoulder part following it can be Of course, it can be hardened in the hardening process.

By using the hardening device of the present invention, there is no need to attach and detach the center support of the shaft body, and there is no need to install multiple hardening devices. Because it is a single quenching process, it does not matter how long the quenching range is in the small diameter part or the long heat in the large diameter part. A quenching device with a simple structure that can solve the problem and streamline the quenching process has been provided, and its effects are noticeable.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1(a) is a cross-sectional front view of the shaft body consisting of a small diameter part and a large diameter part when the small diameter part and the shoulder part are surface hardened, and Fig. 1 middle) is the shaft body shown in Fig. 1 fa). FIG. 1(C) is a partial cross-sectional front view illustrating a method of surface hardening the hardening apparatus of the present invention to explain the drawbacks that exist when the shaft body to be hardened is hardened by the conventional method. 2(a) and Tb) are an exploded side view and an assembled front sectional view of a hardening apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3(a)
) shows the hardening process using the hardening apparatus of the present invention.
b) and (C1 is the dashed arrow X1 in FIG. 3(a)
・A partial cross-sectional side view showing the relative positional relationship between the shaft body and the heating coil in the process represented by X, solid line arrow Y, and X2, FIG. FIG. 4 is a partially sectional front view showing another embodiment of the cooler, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the hardening process when another shaft body is completely hardened using the hardening apparatus of the present invention. W...Shaft body Wa-Wal ・Wa2...Small diameter part W
b-Wb, ・Wb,...Large diameter part we, ・WO2・
...Shoulder C...Heating coil r8...Semi-circular arc rb forming part of the inner wall of the heating coil...Notch arc Q+/Q2 forming another part of the inner wall of the heating coil...Cooler Oa.・Center of semicircular arc Ob
...Center of the notched arc. Patent applicant Koshuha Netsuren Co., Ltd. Patent attorney Fu Kobayashi

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a shaft body in which the small diameter part and the large diameter part are singular, plural, or plural, or each has a plurality of χ numbers, and the small diameter part and the shoulder part following it are respectively surface-hardened while being rotated, A heating coil having an inner peripheral wall that is composed of a semicircular arc that can face each other with a predetermined gap on the outer periphery of the part, and a notched arc that is larger than the outer periphery of a large diameter part that is connected to both ends of the semicircular arc and has a circle cut out. The space surrounded by the inner wall is at least as wide as the diameter of the notched arc and has a length equal to the diameter of the notched arc plus the radius of the semicircular arc. The heating coil and each cooler are integrated, and the shaft body is located at the center of each semicircular arc and notched arc that combine the inner peripheral wall of the heating coil. +l
When the body is moved relative to the axis of the body, only the cooler on the side that follows the heating coil according to the direction of movement is configured to have a cooling capacity of 111 times injecting cooling fluid to the rear obliquely in the direction of movement. .