JPS5964174A - Joining method of metallic material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain joining high in joining characteristic and reliability by cleaning joining faces by giving ultrasonic oscillation to the joining faces of materials to be joined and pressure welding by applying regular pressure welding force. CONSTITUTION:Materials 11' and 12' to be joined are set in the body of a pressure welding machine, and the material 11' is restrained vertically by a restraining clamp 2. When preliminary pressure welding force is applied in the direction 5 of pressure welding, and an ultrasonic oscillator 8 and a magnetostriction vibrator 9 are oscillated, oscillation of a certain amplitude is transmitted to the material 12' through a holding rod 7, and lateral oscillation 10 is generated in the material 12' Oxides or scales etc. on the joining face 3 are removed by friction between materials 11', 12'. Then, pressure that can cause plastic deformation is applied to joining faces 3 of the materials 11', 12', and the joining faces 3 are unified by plastic deformation and joined.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a method of joining metal materials, and more particularly to a method of pressure welding of metal materials that involves plastic deformation of the metal materials in a solid phase joining method.

[Technical background of the invention]

Conventionally, there are various methods for joining metal materials such as copper to copper or copper to aluminum. The physical principle of bonding is how to keep the bonded part clean and how to bring the atoms of the base materials on the bonding surface closer together by applying some kind of energy.

Generally, there are various joining methods depending on how energy is applied. Broadly speaking, fusion welding,
Classified into pressure welding and soldering.

Among these, the pressure welding method differs from the other two methods in that the base materials to be joined are only pressurized or are integrated by heating and pressurization.

In particular, in pressure welding, in which metal materials are integrated in a solid phase only by pressure, physical methods such as polishing with a ☆3I polish or a steel wire brush to remove oxides, etc. from the joint surface of the metal materials are used. Alternatively, pressure may be applied after removal by a chemical method such as etching to cause plastic deformation of the metal material, thereby destroying the oxide or oxide film on the surface of the joint surface, thereby facilitating pressure welding.

Conventionally, there are the following methods as examples of bonding methods. That is, in FIG. 1, reference numeral 11.12 is the material to be welded, and before setting it in the restraining clamp 2 that restrains the material 11.12, the joining surface 3 of the material 11.12 to be welded is subjected to fat swelling treatment in advance. If necessary, perform physical treatment such as polishing or brushing on the oxide wave film, etc., and after confirming that the oxide on the surface has been removed, apply pressure welding method 4 necessary for pressure welding to the joint surface to cause plastic deformation. This is a method of joining by applying the necessary pressurizing pressure 5.

In this joining method, the material 11 and 12 to be joined is, for example, a round bar Jl,'1, and the length required for joining is about 1 to 2 times the diameter for butt pressure welding. .

Further, when the materials 11 and 12 to be joined are pressed and welded in an overlapping manner, the amount of deformation is required to be 7() to 80% of the thickness of the materials.

Furthermore, although it is possible to join metals made of the same type of metal using the conventional joining method described above, if the materials 11 and 12 to be joined are dissimilar metals, such as copper and aluminum, Their physical properties are significantly different, and therefore the bonding conditions are not as easy as for similar materials. It is necessary to change the pressure welding method during the butt pressure welding. For example, when the materials 11.12 to be joined are copper and aluminum, the protrusion amount is 1 for copper and 2 for aluminum.
You need to set it so that These conditions are selected based on experience, and may vary depending on the individual worker.

As described above, unless the amount of plastic deformation, surface activation, RFT purification conditions, and pretreatment operations are standardized, the joint properties will vary widely and the strength will be unstable.

Furthermore, when applied to structures, since a deformable needle is required, there may be an error between the product dimensions at the design stage and the dimensions of the finished product, resulting in poor reliability.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to facilitate cleaning of the joint surface in a joining method in which metal materials are pressure-welded while being accompanied by plastic deformation.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a method for joining metal materials that reduces the amount of plastic deformation required for pressure welding and improves joint characteristics and reliability.

[Summary of the invention]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention applies preliminary pressure welding force to the joint surfaces of materials to be joined, and applies parallel ultrasonic vibration to the joint surfaces for a predetermined period of time to clean the joint surfaces, and then cleans the joint surfaces. It is designed to apply pressure.

[Embodiments of the invention]

The present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining one embodiment of the present invention.

-Set the materials to be joined 11' and 12' made of old metal in the main body of a pressure welding machine (not shown) in the same way as in FIG.
Only the material 11' to be welded is restrained in the vertical direction by the restraint clamp 2. Further, a holding rod 7 is attached near the welding surface 3 of the material to be welded 12', and this holding rod 7 is capable of transmitting ultrasonic vibrations from the output of the magnetostrictive vibrator 9 which is vibrated by the output from the ultrasonic oscillator 8. The holding rod 2 is set so that the amplitude of longitudinal vibration becomes maximum at the joining surface 3 of the materials 12' to be joined. Note that the materials to be joined 71' and 1
2' is set so as to obtain a predetermined pressure welding type.

A small pressing force (preliminary pressing force) set in this manner is applied in the pressing direction 5, and the ultrasonic oscillator 8 and magnetostrictive vibrator 9 are caused to oscillate. Then, vibrations having a certain amplitude are transmitted through the holding rod 7 to the material to be welded 12'.
transmitted to.

Transverse vibration 10 in the direction of the arrow in the figure is generated in the material 12' to be joined. Since this lateral vibration 10 is a vibration perpendicular to the pressure welding force direction 5, the joint surfaces of the materials 17' and 12' to be joined are rubbed together, and the bonding surface 3, which is an important point in pressure welding, is The action of removing oxides or schools is carried out.

After that, a pressing force capable of plastic deformation is applied to the joint surfaces 3 of the cleaned materials 11' and 12' to be joined, which is different from the small pressing force applied so far, and the joint surfaces 3 are integrated by plastic deformation. and join.

In the method for joining metal materials described above, the frequency of ultrasonic vibration is 20 kHz, and the amplitude is 80 ttm.
and the pressurizing force (preliminary pressure contact force) Pi is 2 kg/rran2
, the main pressure contact force (force to join the joint surfaces 3) p2 is 200 k
As a result of welding a copper rod with a diameter of 10 mm as the material to be joined, the performance of the joint was maintained even though the pressure welding method and the amount of plastic deformation were approximately 20 to 30% smaller than those of conventional joining methods. It is clear from the experimental results that this can be obtained.

The above effects can be obtained if the frequency of the ultrasonic vibration is 10 kHz or more and the amplitude is 150 μm or less.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but can be implemented in the same manner, for example, when the materials to be joined I J' and J 2' are overlapped and joined as shown in FIG. As shown in the cut out figure 4,
Attach the holding frame 7A of the ultrasonic vibrator 9 not only to the material to be welded 12' but also to the material to be welded 11',
An ultrasonic oscillator 8A may be connected to this via an ultrasonic transducer 9A. In this case, the materials to be joined 11', 1
By changing the frequency of the ultrasonic waves applied to the material 2', the material to be welded 11' is different from that of the second embodiment described above.

The effect of removing oxides, scale, etc. from the bonding surface of 12' becomes greater. Various modifications can be made without changing the gist of the claimed invention.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The present invention described above applies ultrasonic vibrations to at least one of the materials to be joined in parallel to the joining surface while a preliminary pressure welding force is applied to the joining surfaces of the materials to be joined. Since this is a method of cleaning the joining surfaces and then applying the main pressure welding force to the joining surfaces to join the mating parts to be joined, the following effects can be obtained.

■ The amount of plastic deformation can be reduced, and the mechanical strength of the joint is the same as that of the materials to be joined.

■ The initial state of the welding surfaces is stable and welding can be performed under constant conditions.

(2) The joint strength of the joint is stable and uniform, which improves the quality of the 11' bulge, contributing to high reliability of the joint.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an example of a conventional method for joining metal materials, FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a first embodiment of a method for joining metal materials according to the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the second and third embodiments of the method for joining metal materials according to the present invention. 1 No, 12, 11', 12' Material to be joined, 2... Restraint clamp, 3... Pressure welding joint surface, 4... Pressure welding type, 5
...Pressure direction, 7.7A...Holding frame, 8.8A...
・Oscillator, 9,9A... vibrator. Applicant's Representative Patent Attorney Takehiko Suzue Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] The first part is made of metal materials that are joined to each other. The joint surfaces of the second materials to be joined are brought into contact with each other, a preliminary pressure welding force is applied to the joint surfaces, and ultrasonic vibrations are applied parallel to the joint surfaces for a predetermined period of time to clean the joint surfaces, and then both the A method of joining metal materials in which the main pressure welding force is applied in the direction of the joining surfaces of the joining materials to press the materials to be joined.