JPS59575A - Apparatus for covering and floating horizontal shaft type water turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable to operate a water turbine in the manner of meeting with increase and decrease of river water, by employing such an arrangement that a cover member for covering a required part substantially located at the upper half of the water turbine apparatus including the turning shaft of the water turbine can be moved vertically with rising and lowering of water surface. CONSTITUTION:A required number of arms 5 are fixed radially to a turning shaft 4 of a water turbine (a) and blades 6 are set in place substantially in radial directions. Two pairs of upper and lower reinforcing plates 151, 152 and 161, 162 are disposed respectively on the front side and rear side of a cover member (b) so as to stabilize and reinforce the parts between the cover member (b) and floats 121, 122. Further, a required number of posts or the like are erected on the bank or the bottom of a river, and a mooring cable or chain is connected between said posts and a required number of posts 18 erected on a floating apparatus of this invention. With such an arrangement, when the river water is decreased most, legs 7, 8 come into contact with the bottom of a river to support the blades 6 in a stable manner. On the other hand, when the river water is increased, the apparatus is floated on water, so that generation of electric power or other operation can be continued without any trouble.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the development of a horizontal shaft water turbine for generating power for power generation and other purposes by utilizing running water from rivers and the like.

Traditionally, water turbines have had their rotating shafts held at a certain height, and they tended to stop or break when the water rose. Even if a device was added to raise the water wheel upwards when the water rose, the structure would become seriously complicated and it would be difficult to cope with rapid water rises. For this reason, the use of river energy for power generation or other purposes in horizontal shaft turbines was almost never done. The present invention aims to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks and contribute to power source development and other efforts.

The horizontal shaft water turbine a of the present invention is provided by: covering the entire upper part, such as the upper half including the rotating shaft, including to some extent the lower half of the water wheel a, with a rigid covering; Air is sealed inside the sheath to prevent air from accidentally leaking from the sides of the sheath, and the lower periphery of the sheath is almost always below or near the water surface of the river. The water wheel a.
The blades of the water wheel A in the air can be moved up and down so that they can move up and down, so that the blades of the water wheel a in the air can rotate easily with no resistance, while the blades in the water flow can easily rotate even though there is a lot of resistance. From I-me,
This was designed to prevent it from stopping or breaking even during times of large floods.

As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the left side wall 1 and the right side wall 2 made of rigid bodies are connected by a circumferential side wall 3 also made of a rigid body, and air enclosed inside the wall 3 is drawn from the side walls 1, 2, and 3. A water turbine covering body (hereinafter simply referred to as a covering body) b according to the present invention has a structure that prevents leakage.

A water wheel a is housed within the sheath. Each figure shows an example in which the rotating shaft '4 of the water turbine a passes through the left and right side walls 1 and 2, but there is also an example in which the rotating shaft 4 remains inside both or one of the left and right side walls 1 and 2. do. In this case, the rotating shaft 4 may be supported by bearing bodies (not shown) other than the left and right side walls 1 and 2. Compared to the water wheel a, the covering body can be made larger as required in the illustrated example. In addition to the illustrated example, the covering may have a hemispherical shape or other shapes.

Attach the required number of arms 5 radially to the rotating shaft 4 of the water wheel a,
Wings 6 are attached approximately radially to these arms 5. Second
In the example shown in FIG. 3, the number of blades 6 is four and is shown as a flat plate, but the number and shape of the arms 5 and blades 6 of the water turbine a are not limited to this example. The front and rear legs 7 and 8 are arranged at a required length downwardly of the cover. This narrow length is defined as the length at which the blades 6 of the water wheel a do not collide with the bottom of the river even when the blades 6 of the water wheel a have rotated to the lowest position and the water level of the river is at its lowest.

Central floating bodies 9 and 10 can be arranged at the front and rear of the lower part of the covering body. Also, on the left and right of the lower part of the covering, there are 1
It is also possible to arrange paired floating bodies 111, 112, 121, and 122. A pair of floating bodies 11. and 112, 121 and 12
It is also possible to integrate each of them. FIGS. 1 and 3 show an example in which these are not integrated, but a pair of front and rear floating bodies are connected by left and right side plates 13 and 14 having a roughly 1-shaped cross section.

Each floating body can be hollow, with a bottom or without a bottom, like the front and rear central floating bodies 9 and 10 shown in the second figure.

A pair of upper and lower reinforcing plates 15.・152・1
61.16. It is possible to provide stable reinforcement between each floating body and between the covering bodies. In the figure, the covering body and adjacent floating bodies are placed in close contact with each other, and the front and rear left and right floating bodies are 11° and 12°. A pair of upper and lower reinforcing plates 15.・15
2・16.・16. An example is shown below. In addition, the front and rear lower reinforcement plates 15.・Downward from 162 is the front and rear legs 7
・Here is an example of setting 8. A guardrail 17 can be attached to the leg body 7 to prevent floating objects from moving forward. The required number of fulcrums for securing the line shall be provided at the front of the sheathing and other locations. In Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 4, and Figure 5,
Upper front reinforcement plate 15. An example is shown in which a support column 18 is provided approximately in the center of the column.

The device of the present invention is designed to float and remain underwater approximately at the position indicated by the broken line W in FIGS. 2 and 5. It is unavoidable if the legs 7 and 8 reach the bottom of the river and the water level drops below the dashed line W due to water reduction.

) For these, the covering body and each floating body 9, 10, 11□, 1
1.・12,・12. In addition, the front and rear legs 7, 8, etc. can be made heavy, and additional weights can be added as necessary to stabilize the cover.

A speed increasing device, a generator, etc. connected to the rotating shaft 4 are not shown. Additionally, a device can be added that automatically replenishes air in the floating medium wave cover when it decreases below a predetermined amount. Detectors, alarms, various safety devices, etc. can be installed to prevent methane gas, etc. from accumulating above a certain level within the covering, and devices such as an outside air intake device and an exchange device with outside air can also be added. . The left side wall 1 and the right side wall 2 are widened laterally than shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 5, respectively, and left and right side plates 13 are formed.
・14 and left and right floating bodies 111・11.・It is possible to include part or all of 121 and 122. Similarly, the circumferential side wall 3 can be made wider in the front and back than shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 to enclose part or all of the front and rear central floating bodies 9 and 10.

A required number of supports are installed on the quays on both sides or one side of the river where the device of the present invention is placed, or on the bottom wall of the river, and chains or other devices are installed between these supports and the required number of supports 18, etc. on the device of the present invention. When a holding line is placed, water wheel a rotates due to the water flow. When the water is at its lowest, the legs 7 and 8 touch the riverbed to stabilize the wings 6 without damaging them, and when the water increases due to heavy rain or other factors, they float to the surface and allow power generation and other operations to continue without hindrance.

Front and rear upper reinforcement plates 15.・16. Attach hooks (not shown) to each left and right edge of the pillars (
(not shown) is arranged to allow the device to move up and down according to the water level, and to prevent the wings 6 from colliding with the river bed when the river water decreases below a predetermined level. In this case, legs 7 and 8 can be abolished. In addition, the left and right side plates 13
A combination of wheels and a guide rail with a stopper (tilting is not shown) is arranged between the 14 and the left and right quays so that this device can move up and down according to the river water level, and when the river water level decreases below a specified level, the stopper The legs 7 and 8 can also be eliminated if the lowering of the device is stopped.

The device of the present invention has a simple structure, other parts can be made smaller than the water wheel a and the covering body, and the entire device can be easily raised and lowered according to the increase and decrease of water in the river.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a front view of the device of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the device shown in Fig. 1 taken along the line I-1, and Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the device shown in Fig. FIG. 4 is a side view of the thing shown in the first figure as seen in the direction of the A arrow, and FIG. 5 is a side view of the thing shown in the first figure as seen in the direction of the B arrow. 1-Left side wall 2-Right side wall 3-Peripheral side wall 4-Rotation axis
5-Arms 6-Wings

Claims (1)

[Claims] In horizontal shaft water turbines that use flowing water from rivers, etc., the required parts, such as the upper half of the water wheel, including the rotating shaft, are covered with a rigid covering, and air is enclosed in the covering to intervene. Prevent air from escaping from the sides, use the covering to make the turbines buoyant to the required degree, and provide the required number of legs of the required length below the covering to ensure that the blades of the turbine are at their maximum height. To avoid collision with the bottom of the river even when moving downward, floating bodies or side plates can be attached to the front, back, left, and right sides of the covering as desired, and weights are also placed to ensure overall buoyancy stability. A fulcrum is installed on the body, floating body, side plate, etc., and a chain or other mooring cable is placed between this fulcrum and a support installed on a quay or in the river, and as the water level of the river rises and falls, the covered body A horizontal axis water wheel covering flotation device that allows the entire water wheel etc. to be raised and lowered.