JPS595323B2 - fluid equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a fluid device used for cleaning gas with a liquid, mixing two types of fluids, exchanging heat between fluids, and the like.

5 Conventionally, among this type of fluidic devices, gas-liquid contact devices, which are often used especially in chemical plants, drop liquid from above, while gas flows from below upwards.
The contact between the liquid and gas during this period cleans the gas, exchanges heat, etc., so in order to obtain the desired effect, it is necessary to lengthen the flow paths for the gas and liquid. , for this reason, this type of fluidic device inevitably becomes large,
It reaches a height of about 10 meters.

The present invention is completely unique and breaks down the preconceptions of conventional fluid devices of this type.The present invention has extremely good contact between two types of fluids, and the overall size of the device is significantly smaller than that of conventional devices. The present invention provides a fluid device that can perform

According to the knowledge of the inventor of the present application, a first fluid, for example, water is supplied under pressure at a predetermined pressure value or higher to an annular nozzle having a minute annular cavity with an opening at one end, and from this cavity. When ejected to the outside, this fluid becomes an extremely minute agitated flow and is activated, and a second fluid, such as air, is strongly sucked through the central flow passage of the annular nozzle, and the fluid is placed in front of this nozzle. It was recognized that both fluids were well mixed in the hollow pipe.

The present invention was made based on the above knowledge,
The above-mentioned nozzle is installed on a support plate having 10 through holes that communicate with the central flow passage, and the above-mentioned hollow pipe is surrounded by a cylinder whose upper end is closed, so that the upper end opening of the hollow pipe is well-circulated. The mixed fluid is allowed to descend along the outer surface of the hollow pipe, and a part of the fluid can be circulated into the hollow pipe from the space between the lower end of the hollow pipe and the nozzle. Surrounded by an outer shell having an inlet and an outlet, one of the mixed fluids, for example, gas in the case of contact/mixing of liquid and gas, is formed between the lower end of the cylinder and the support plate. The water is discharged from the outflow port of the outer shell through the space.

As mentioned above, in the present invention, the mixing of two types of fluids is extremely excellent, so when used as a gas cleaning device, the gas is extremely purified due to this good mixing, and the gas is extremely purified due to this good mixing. Due to the mixing, heat exchange from gas to liquid or from liquid to gas is performed extremely efficiently.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The figure shows an example in which the fluid device of the present invention is used as a gas-liquid contact device.

1 is an annular nozzle, and above this nozzle is a space 1
A hollow pipe 2 is placed next to A.

This device consisting of the nozzle 1 and the pipe 2 is described in detail in the "Fluid Device" filed by the inventor of the present invention in June 1980, stamped patent application, ``Fluid Device'', so a repetition will be avoided, but this nozzle 1
A minute annular cavity 3 opening upward is formed in the annular cavity 3 , and this annular cavity 3 is connected to a pressure pump P via a thin tube 4 . An inner annular wall surface 1a defining an annular cavity 3 of this nozzle is formed to protrude slightly forward than an outer annular wall surface 1b. The pipe 2 above the nozzle 1 has an inner diameter equal to the outer diameter of the annular cavity 3.
The gap width of this annular gap 3 is formed to be extremely small, and the fluid pumped from the pressure pump (G) reaches the speed of sound in this gap 3, is activated, and is discharged into the hollow pipe 2. By setting the gap width and the pressure of the pressurizing pump (P) as follows, the gap width is usually 1 m771 or less, and in this example, it is 0.1 mm, and the pressure of the pressurizing pump is set at this gap width. When water is pumped at a rate of 2.5 kg/-, the water becomes a minute agitation and is activated as shown above.
released within. Note that the gap width is determined relative to the pressure of the pressurizing pump, and as the gap width is increased, the pressure of the pressurizing pump must be increased. The reason why the inner annular wall surface 1a is formed to protrude slightly forward than the outer annular wall surface 1b is that the fluid released from the annular cavity 3, that is, water, is formed in a conical shape at an intermediate position inside the upper hollow pipe 2. This is to converge the pipe and further expand in an inverted conical shape toward the upper end opening of the pipe, and this protrusion amount is 0.
It is determined by the diameter of the nozzle, the length of the pipe 2, etc. within the range of 1 mm to 5.0 mT1i, and in this example, it was set to about 1 m71.
is preferably vertically movable, and the vertical width of the space 3A' between the lower end of the hollow pipe 2 and the annular cavity 3 of the nozzle 1 is adjustable.

When the hollow pipe 2 is moved in the vertical direction in this manner, the negative pressure below the central flow passage 1c of the nozzle changes, and the flow rate and flow velocity of the second fluid flowing through the central flow passage 1c change. Therefore, it is preferable to move the hollow pipe 2 and select and fix the position where the maximum negative pressure can be obtained in the lower part of the central flow passage 1c. In this case, the vertical width of the space A' is usually 1 cm. In the case of this example below, it was about 3 mm. In the present invention, the nozzle 1 configured as described above is placed on the annular support plate 5, and the annular main body of the nozzle 1 is fixed to the inner peripheral edge of the central through hole 5a of the support plate 5. .

Therefore, the central flow passage 1c of the nozzle communicates with the space below the support plate 5. The hollow pipe 2 is slidably and tightly fitted into a plurality of support rods 6 installed on the upper surface of the nozzle 1, and is fixed at the optimum space A1. This hollow pipe has an upper end closed in a dome shape and is surrounded by a cylinder 7 having a diameter sufficiently larger than that of the hollow pipe 2. The lower end of this cylinder 7 is separated upward from the support plate 5, and a space is created in between. B' is formed and held by the support plate 8. The outer periphery of this cylindrical body 7 is further surrounded by an outer shell 9 having a larger diameter.

The inner diameter of this outer shell 9 is approximately the same as the outer diameter of the support plate 5.
The side wall extends below the support plate 5 to form a bottomed container portion 10. In the gas-liquid contacting device of this embodiment, a liquid, that is, water 11, is stored in the bottomed container 10, and a second An inlet 12 for the fluid is formed, and an outlet 13 is formed at the upper end of the shell 9. Several small-diameter through-holes are formed in the outer part of the support plate 5 from the nozzle mounting part, and the upper end of the small-diameter pipe 14 is fitted into these through-holes and connected, and the lower end of the small-diameter pipe 14 is Container part 1
0 water. A discharge pipe 15 is attached below the container part 10, and this pipe 15 is connected to a pressure pump (
P) from the thin tube 4 to the annular cavity 3. In using the device of the present invention configured as described above, when pressurized water is supplied from the pressurizing pump (P) through the thin tube 4 to the broken cavity 3, this water is brought into the hollow in an extremely activated state as described above. It is ejected into the pipe 2.

The pressurized water ejected from this nozzle converges in a conical shape within the pipe, expands toward the upper end of the pipe in an inverted conical shape, and collides with the closed upper end surface of the cylindrical body 7. Some of the water collided in this way falls along the outer surface of the hollow pipe 2, but most of the other water falls onto the opening of the hollow pipe 2 again and rises inside the pipe. Mix with water and stir vigorously. The location where this intense agitation occurs is limited to the inside of the upper open end of the pipe 2 due to the upward force of the water jetted from the nozzle 1. On the other hand, the water that has descended along the outer surface of the pipe 2 passes through the small diameter pipe 14 of the support plate 5 and enters the water storage container section 10, from where it passes through the discharge pipe 15 and the pump (
P). Furthermore, since the lower end of this small-diameter pipe 14 is submerged in water, this pipe is sealed by the water, and the pressurized gas from the support plate Hijikata will not be released downward from this pipe 14. do not have. When pressurized water is ejected from the nozzle 1 into the hollow pipe 2 as described above, a large negative pressure is generated in the lower part of the central flow passage 1c of the nozzle 1.
A suction force is generated inside, and gas flows in from the inlet 12 formed above the water surface of the water storage container section 10 and flows into the hollow pipe 2 from the central flow passage 1c of the nozzle 1.

Inside this hollow pipe 2, the inflowing gas hits the conical and inverted conical walls of water, but the rising pressure of the gas that continues to inflow breaks through these walls, and at this time the gas and water are separated. Good mixing is obtained. After this, the gas rises further and reaches a position where the water at the upper opening of the hollow pipe 2 is vigorously agitated, where it comes into contact with the water even more thoroughly and is mixed. Next, the gas moves downward between the hollow pipe 2 and the cylindrical body 7, and a portion of the gas is sucked into the hollow pipe 2 again from the space 6A'' between the lower end of the hollow pipe 2 and the nozzle 1. It is recirculated and mixed with water again.The gas between the other hollow pipe 2 and the cylinder 7 is pressurized by the subsequent gas, and the space 6Bn between the lower end of the cylinder 7 and the support plate 5 is It reaches between the outer shell 9 and the cylindrical body 7, and is discharged outside the device from the outlet 13 of the outer shell 9.In this way, the mixing of gas and liquid is extremely excellent.
A portion of the gas enters the water storage container 10 from the small diameter pipe 14 of the support plate while being trapped in the liquid, but this gas is then separated from the liquid 11 and reaches the liquid surface of the water storage container 10.

Then, it mixes with new gas coming in from the inlet 12, rises into the nozzle 1 and pipe 2, and mixes with the liquid as described above, and repeats this process. Further, by further guiding the gas discharged from the outlet 13 of the outer shell 9 to the inlet 12 and recirculating it, even more excellent gas-liquid contact can be achieved.

This excellent contact mixing of gas and liquid means that when this device is used as a gas cleaning device, extremely clean gas can be obtained.
In addition, when this device is used as a heat exchanger, excellent heat transfer from gas to liquid or from liquid to gas can be achieved by circulating the gas multiple times, and this device can also be used as a gas-liquid chemical reaction device.

Examples of experiments actually conducted by the inventor of the present application will be described below.

The dimensions of the illustrated apparatus used in the experiment were as follows.

Outer diameter of outer shell: 150mm Height of outer shell: Diameter of annular cavity of 400mm nozzle Height of 46-basket hollow pipe: 160mm Amount of liquid (water): 2.5 liters Pressure of pressure pump: 2.5kg/Recitation experiment was performed as a liquid It is carried out using air with water as a gas,
2.5 liters of water was placed in the water storage container, and the inlet and outlet of the outer shell were opened to the atmosphere.

At the start of the experiment, the temperature of the air discharged from the outlet 13 was 12°C, which is equal to the outside air temperature, and the liquid temperature, that is, the temperature of the water 11, was 12°C. When the pressurizing pump (P) is driven to supply pressurized water to the nozzle at a rate of 2.5 kg/read, the outflow port 13
Air is vigorously discharged from the inlet 12, and the piece of paper is
When brought close to it, it was immediately adsorbed and attached to it. This indicated that the device itself was functioning as an air pump. The water used here was regular tap water and was chlorinated. Normally, tap water cannot be smelled because of chlorine treatment, but there was a strong gradient of chlorine in the air discharged from the outlet. The fact that such separation of chlorine occurs indicates that the agitation and mixing of the fluid within this device is extremely vigorous. This device was operated continuously for two hours, during which time the temperature of the air discharged from the outlet 13 gradually increased.

After 30 minutes, the temperature of the air discharged from the outlet stabilized at 34°C, and this temperature was maintained until the end of the experiment. When we checked the water temperature, it also remained constant at 34 degrees Celsius. After driving for 2 hours, the device was stopped and investigated, and the following was discovered.

The water in the water storage container was slightly discolored to brown, and brown gas (slag) was strongly adhered to the inner wall surface above the water level.

This gas also adhered to the outer surface of the small diameter pipe 14 and the inner surface of the hollow pipe 2. Considering this, since the air was not clear in the place where the experiment was conducted, this air contained a lot of solid dust, and this air was cleaned in this device, and as a result, this dust was removed. It is thought that the gas was deposited as the above gas. Furthermore, a separate experiment was conducted to investigate the heat exchange characteristics of this device.

In this experiment, the engine was started in the same manner as described above and one continuous drive was performed. As in the previous experiment, the temperature of the exhaust air and water rose to 34℃ and stabilized, but during this experiment, the ambient air temperature was 16℃.
It was hot. After this device was operated for one hour, air heated to 60° C. by a blower was continuously flowed in from the inlet 12 of the outer shell 9 for 20 minutes. When the temperature of the air from the outlet 13 was measured, it was found that it rose only 2°C above the stable temperature, and the discharge air temperature reached 36°C and stabilized at this temperature. That is, when air at a temperature 26°C higher than the temperature stabilized in this device is introduced, the temperature of the air discharged from the outlet 13 is cooled by 24°C.

Therefore, it is necessary to cool the water before it enters the nozzle 1 from the pressure pump (g) to prevent the water temperature from rising inside the device.
The temperature of the incoming air can be cooled to a temperature that is only slightly higher than the water temperature or to about the water temperature. As described above, the heat exchange efficiency of this device is extremely high.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The figure is a longitudinal sectional view showing a fluid device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 1... Nozzle, 2... Hollow pipe, 3
......Annular cavity, 5...Base plate, 7.
...Cylinder, 9...Outer shell, 10...
・Bottomed container part, 12...Inflow port, 13...
...Outlet, A...First space, B...
・Second space, P...pressure pump.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An annular nozzle having a minute annular cavity opening upward is installed on a support plate having a through hole communicating with the central flow passage of the nozzle, and A first space is formed between the annular gap and the lower end of the hollow pipe by arranging the hollow pipe, and the hollow pipe is surrounded by a cylindrical body whose upper end is closed, and the lower end of the cylindrical body forming a second space between the support plate and the cylinder, surrounding the cylindrical body with an outer shell having an outlet in an upper part and an inlet in a lower part of the support plate;
A fluid device characterized in that the annular cavity of the nozzle communicates with a first fluid via a pressurizing means, and the inlet of the outer shell communicates with a second fluid. 2. A liquid passage hole is formed in the peripheral edge of the support plate, the inside of the outer shell below the inlet is used as a liquid storage tank, and the liquid in the liquid storage tank is used as the first fluid to apply the pressure to the pressurizing means. 2. The fluid device according to claim 1, wherein the fluid can be supplied to the annular cavity through the annular cavity. 3. Claim 2, characterized in that the upper end of the tube is connected to the liquid passage hole of the support plate, and the lower part of the tube is immersed into the liquid in the liquid storage tank. The fluidic device described.