JPS5951472A - Non-aqueous electrolyte cell - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve both the discharge characteristics at a high rate and discharge characteristics at a low temperature of a non-aqueous electrolyte cell by using a mixed solute of lithium perchlorate and tetrabutyl ammonium chloride as the solute for an electrolyte. CONSTITUTION:A mixed solute of lithium perchlorate and tetrabutyl ammonium chloride is used as a solute for a non-aqueous electrolyte to assemble a non- aqueous electrolyte cell. The density of this mixed solute is made about 1.0mol/l. By using this mixed solute, the non-aqueous electrolyte cell can obtain excellent characteristics for both the discharge at a high rate and discharge at a low temperature due to the multiplicative effect.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention Technical Field The present invention relates to a negative electrode using a light metal such as lithium or sodium as an active material, a positive electrode using a metal oxide, sulfide, oxide, etc. as an active material, and a solvent and a solute. The present invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte battery comprising a non-aqueous electrolyte, and particularly relates to improvements in the non-aqueous electrolyte.

Background Art In the non-aqueous electrolyte of this type of battery, propylene carbonate, 1.2 dimethoxyethane, γ-butyl lactone, tetrahydrofuran, etc. are used as a solvent, and lithium perchlorate ('Li0A!04) is used as a solute. ),
Lithium borofluoride (I, i.

BFa ), lithium hexafluorophosphate (L
iPF, ), lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate (Li, 0F3So3), etc. are used.

Now, in recent years, non-aqueous electrolyte batteries have become widespread, and with this, there is a demand for batteries that exhibit excellent characteristics in both high-rate discharge characteristics and low-temperature discharge characteristics.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of these points, and its gist is that lithium perchlorate (Li, O
j? On) and tetrabutylammonium chloride (C
The purpose is to use a mixed solute with C4H9)4NCI).

Example An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below.

A lithium rolled plate punched to a specified size was used as the negative electrode, and manganese dioxide (active material), carbon powder (conductive agent), and fluororesin powder (binder) were used as the positive electrode in a ratio of 85:10:5. After mixing at a weight ratio of , this mixture was molded and heat treated.

A button-type non-aqueous electrolyte battery was assembled using the above positive and negative electrodes and a separator made of a polypropylene nonwoven fabric, as well as non-aqueous electrolytes having various compositions shown in the table below.

In addition, the solvent is propylene carbonate (pc) and 1.2
An equal volume mixed solvent with dimethoxyethane (DME) was used.

Battery A%B using nonaqueous electrolytes a, b, and C shown in the table below, respectively.
and 25t of C! FIG. 1 shows the high rate discharge characteristics when discharging at a constant resistance of 500 Ω at -20° C., and FIG. 2 shows the low temperature discharge characteristics when discharging at a constant resistance of 10 Ω at a low temperature of −20° C.

As is clear from FIGS. 1 and 2, the battery of the present invention (Al
According to lithium perchlorate (Lj-C'J
Battery (B) using i'04) alone or tetrabutylammonium chloride ((04H,) 4N CI
) alone was found to be superior to the battery (C1) in both high-rate discharge characteristics and low-temperature discharge characteristics.

Although the reason for this effect is not clear, lithium perchlorate has high conductivity but high viscosity, so its discharge characteristics are not good, especially at low temperatures. On the other hand, tetrabutylammonium chloride has a slightly lower conductivity than lithium perchlorate, but because of its low viscosity, it is not suitable for high rate discharge, but it can be said to be advantageous for discharge at low temperatures.

Therefore, it is thought that if lithium perchlorate and tetrabutylammonium chloride are mixed, a synergistic effect will result in better properties than expected in both high-rate discharge and low-temperature discharge.

Regarding the mixing ratio of mixed solutes, the results shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 were obtained. Here, Figure 3 shows 500°C at 25°C.
In the case of high rate discharge with a constant resistance of Ω, the i゛4 figure is -20
This is a case of low temperature discharge with a constant resistance 'J of 10Ω at a low temperature of 10°C. In both cases, propylene carbonate and 1.2
An equal volume mixed solvent with dimethoxyethane was used, and the concentration of the mixed solute was 140 mol/l.

Effects As mentioned above, by using a mixed solute of lithium perchlorate and tetrabutylammonium chloride as the solute constituting the nonaqueous electrolyte, the high rate discharge characteristics and low temperature discharge characteristics of the nonaqueous electrolyte battery can be improved. Its industrial value is extremely large.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 and 2 show high-rate discharge characteristics and low-temperature discharge characteristics using various electrolytes, and Figures 3 and 4 show the relationship between the mixing ratio of mixed solutes and discharge capacity. The figure shows the case during high rate discharge, and FIG. 4 shows the case during low temperature discharge. Figure 3: Qianhui eyebrows - Hanhetun (2) Figure 4: L'+ (704100go 60 40
200 confusion! Shizuharu 11y Tahetun (d)

Claims (1)

[Claims] ■ It is equipped with a negative electrode whose active material is a light metal such as lithium or sodium, a positive electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte consisting of a solvent and a solute, where the solute is a mixture of lithium perchlorate and tetrabutylammonium chloride. A non-aqueous electrolyte battery characterized by a mixed solute.