JPS5950131A - Method and apparatus for melting metal - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide conditions suitable for melting and to reduce the loss of metal and the consumption of energy by detecting the molten state of masses of metal piled in a heap, spouting flames on the low temp. parts, and changing the shape of each of the flames in accordance with the distance. CONSTITUTION:High temp. flames are spouted at a high speed on masses (m) of metal piled in a heap in a melting furnace 1, and the surface temp. distribution of the masses (m) and the distance from each burner 5 to a low temp. position of the masses (m) are detected. In accordance with the detected values, the burner 5 is swung vertically and horizontally to change gradually the direction of the flame from the molten high temp. part to other low temp. part. At the same time, the flame is made slender and long or short and wide in accordance with the distance from the burner 5 to the low temp. position. Thus, melting is carried out while providing conditions most suitable for melting.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION This invention directly projects a high-temperature, high-velocity flame onto a pile of metal blocks such as aluminum.

This invention relates to a method and apparatus for melting metal.

For this type of melting, a reverberatory furnace or a rapid melting furnace as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 52-8723 is known.A rapid melting furnace has a primary melting chamber at the bottom of the exhaust flue, and is located on the side of the primary melting chamber. A secondary melting chamber is installed continuously on the side, and the wall of the primary melting chamber is equipped with a high-speed burner that projects toward the secondary melting chamber. The material to be melted is put in, and a high-temperature, high-velocity flame is ejected from the burner, which is directly projected onto the material to be melted and cut and melted by impact heating. The purpose of this melting furnace is to melt aluminum and its alloys, and since the amount of oxidation of aluminum increases over time and the rate of metal loss increases, it was developed to reduce the amount of metal loss as much as possible. be.

However, the burner of the above-mentioned invention and the burner of the reverberatory furnace are fixed and the direction of flame projection is constant. As the temperature progresses, unmelted material remains in an area that cannot be reached by the flame, making it necessary to rely on reflected heat within the furnace, which has the disadvantage of decreasing the melting rate.

This invention was researched and developed in order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks.The method of the present invention monitors the melting state of the metal lump and sequentially injects flames to locations with lower temperatures, and prevents fire damage. This method is characterized by making the flame narrower and longer or ejecting it shorter and wider depending on the distance from the injection port to the low-temperature location, thereby always providing the most suitable conditions for melting.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a reverberatory furnace according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a melting furnace (1) has an inlet (2) for injecting materials to be melted, and an outlet for outflowing molten metal. (3
) and a slag outlet (4), two burners (5) are installed at intervals on each of the opposing vertical walls of the furnace (1), and an optical sensor ( 6).

The burner (5) has a fuel oil inlet (
7) and an air inlet (8) into the inner cylinder 00.
and an outer cylinder Qυ, each of which is covered with an interval,
At the base of the outer cylinder αυ, there are provided O primary air inflow parts that commonly inflow air into the inner cylinder OI and the outer cylinder θη, and the inflow part (6)
The internal and external flow adjustment mechanism α controls the amount of air to the internal and external cylinders 01αη.
With the cap attached, flame is injected from the tip of the main cylinder (9), and air is ejected from each tip between the main cylinder (9) and the inner cylinder α1 and between the inner cylinder 01 and the outer cylinder 0]). .

The flow between the main cylinder (9) and the inner cylinder 01 is called a counterflow, and the flow between the inner cylinder 0Q and the outer cylinder 0υ is called a diagonal flow. It is made stronger and weaker alternately. Furthermore, the burner (5) is provided so as to be able to swing vertically and horizontally with respect to the melting furnace (1), and as schematically shown in FIG. Vertical axis α7) that projects vertically from the top and bottom of the frame QQ
The horizontal shaft (T) 0 protruding from both sides of the middle part in the longitudinal direction of the burner (5) is supported on the upright wall of the frame αQ, and the lower fixed plate Qυ A rotary drive device Q Samurai 11 is provided on the upright wall of the frame OQ, which is connected to the vertical axis αη and the horizontal axis Q@.The drive device Onkan is specifically a servo motor, but it rotates with a cylinder. It's okay to give strength.

The secondary air inlet CI) is fixed to the burner (5) installation port of the melting furnace (1), and the burner (5) is inserted into the center of the inlet Qυ, The air is burner (
5) to prevent the gas inside the furnace from being drawn into the flame. This secondary air inflow part Q]) and Sibanar (
5), the fixing plate αaαQ for holding is provided in a protruding manner.

The optical system sensor (6) consists of an image pickup tube that takes visible light or infrared light within a predetermined range, and an image processing device (a) is connected to the sensor (6). The image processing device (a) is composed of an image processing section (c) and an arithmetic processing section (c), and in this processing device (a), the aforementioned melting furnace (1) has four burners (5). Therefore, the plane inside the furnace (1) is divided into four as shown in Figure 6, the maximum solids or the lowest temperature area within each divided section is identified, and the position is determined using the central coordinates of the identified portion. At the same time, the distance from the ejection port of the burner (5) in each divided section to the coordinate position is detected, and these detection signals are used as shown in FIG.

Each drive device equipped with a burner (5) K drives the internal and external flow adjustment device 03, directs the burner (5) to the detected coordinate position, and adjusts the internal and external flow according to the distance to create a long flame or It changes into a short flame. However, if the material to be melted remains dispersed in several locations, or if low temperature regions also remain dispersed in several locations, the detected coordinate positions will be identified. The sensor is designed to give priority to the detection signal closest to the burner. In the figure (c) is a monitor.

In addition, the optical sensor (6) does not operate constantly during melting operations, but operates intermittently, and while the sensor is operating, the burner is stopped or the flame is reduced to a smaller size. Control can be automatic or manual.

Note that the maximum solid matter and minimum temperature ranges mentioned in @ are expressed differently depending on the imaging function of the imaging tube, but in any case, the temperature distribution on the surface of a pile of metal lumps is detected. Also,
The image pickup tube used in the experiment was a trademark of Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd.
The ITV system was constructed by adopting the "Carnicon" (for visible light) and the "Infrared Vidicon" (for infrared light).

Further, the above-mentioned apparatus can also be employed in a rapid melting furnace.

The embodiment according to the present invention has the above structure.

Depending on the state of the metal lumps (m) piled up in the melting furnace (1), as shown in FIG.
If it is located in the center of the center, each of the four burners (5) will project flame toward the center under the same conditions, but if the auxiliary mass (m) If it is off to the right, the two burners on the right will emit short flames, and the two burners on the left will emit long flames. The length of the flame is controlled by the internal/external flow adjustment device a3, and by setting the external temperature to a high pressure and the counterflow to a low pressure, a long flame is obtained, and vice versa, a short flame is obtained. Also, as the dissolution progresses, Fig. 8B
If a metal lump (m) remains in a lopsided position as shown in the figure, only the burner closest to it is operated. Incidentally, in the melting process by the conventional melting method, as shown in Figure 9, the orientation of the burner is limited and the length of the flame is constant, so the metal lump (m) remains at a distance from the flame and is almost completely destroyed. It will be melted by the reflected heat from the furnace.

The metal melting method according to the present invention involves monitoring the melting status of the metal lumps when melting the metal lumps piled up in the melting furnace (1) by projecting a high-temperature, high-velocity flame to melt the metal lumps. Depending on the remaining situation, the flame is directed to the location where it exists, and the flame is adjusted to be long or short depending on the distance from the flame nozzle to the metal lump to always melt under the best conditions.
There is no need to heat the metal more than necessary, it is melted in a short time, oxidation is prevented, metal loss is greatly reduced, and fuel can be saved.

However, in the device according to the present invention, when the burner is supported by a horizontal axis and a vertical axis and is swung horizontally and vertically, the flame ejected from the burner can be elongated or This is achieved by making it possible to shorten the flame, and in addition, the adjustment of the length and shortness of the flame is achieved by dividing the amount of air from one air inlet through the internal and external flow control to create counterflow and external temperature. This makes it easy to adjust the length of the flame, and the structure of the burner is simplified, as it is handled by a drive source such as a motor or cylinder, similar to the structure in which the burner is oscillated.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a melting furnace used in a metal melting apparatus according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof, Fig. 3 is a side view showing a partially cut away burner, and Fig. 4 is a side view showing a burner. Figure 5 is a block diagram showing the control system, Figure 6 is a plan view showing an example of image processing, and Figures A, B, and C1D in Figures 7 and 8 are from this book. A plan view showing the melted state according to the invention, and FIGS. 9A, B, G, and D are plan views showing the conventional melted state. (1)... Melting furnace, (5)... Burner, (6)... Optical system sensor, (7)... Fuel oil inlet, (9)... Main cylinder, α0... Inner cylinder, 0υ.・Outer cylinder, α2・・Primary air inflow part, (c)・・Internal/internal flow adjustment, α4) (1G・・fixing plate, OQ・・frame body, aη・・vertical axis. α barrel・・horizontal axis , αl)...Drive device, (A)...Image processing device, (2)...Image processing unit, (Foundation)...Arithmetic processing unit, (C)...Monitor, (m)...Metal block 1 11 Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 7 Figure 8yJ Figure 9-1'75-

Claims (1)

[Claims] l) When a pile of metal lumps is melted with a high-temperature, high-speed flame, the temperature distribution on the surface of the pile of metal lumps and the distance from the flame injection port to the low-temperature part are detected, and the high temperature of the melt is detected. A metal melting method that involves repeating the process of sequentially controlling and projecting a high-temperature, high-velocity stream of flame to lower-temperature areas. 2) A burner is installed in the melting furnace so that it can be swung vertically and horizontally by a pair of drive devices, and the burner is covered with an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder that blow out air, and the burner is covered with an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder that blow out air. The internal and external flow control valves that control the amount of air flowing into the internal and external cylinders are installed at the inflow ports for blowing into the melting furnace. An image processing device is connected to the sensor that calculates and outputs the coordinate position of the low temperature part and the distance to the coordinate position of the burner based on the output signal of the sensor. A metal melting device characterized in that a position signal is connected to a drive device and a distance signal is connected to an internal/external flow control valve.