JPS59500650A - portable ultrasound doppler system - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention generally uses a balk pull ultrasonic dogger that senses movement speed systems, specifically devices used to detect fetal heart rates. do.

The Doppler effect was discovered in the 19th century by Austrian physicist Christian Doppler. (Christian Doppler). Dotsupu In order to explain the error effect, let us talk about the pitch of the horn of a moving train. It will be done. When a train is honking its horn and moving towards a stationary listener, the The sound of the whistle is higher than when the train is not moving. When a train passes the listener, the police The sound of the whistle becomes lower. Ultrasonic Doppler probe used to detect fetal heart rate It works on the same principle. Such probes are equipped with transmitting crystal elements, The crystal element emits ultrasound signals. The term "ultrasonic" means that the frequency of the signal is This means that the frequency is higher than the highest frequency that can be heard by the human ear. In other words, 1 This is more than 2 (1,000 cycles per second).The Doppler probe is It is held in the mother's skin above the location of the heart. The transmitting crystal element transmits the ultrasonic signal is sent into the mother's body, and the signal is reflected from the fetus's moving heart and transmitted to the Doppler. Return to the receiving crystal element inside the probe. The movement of the fetal heart is reflected according to the rate of 6 beats. Change frequency. This change in frequency is converted into an audible signal that the doctor can amplified so that it can be heard. Ultrasound Doppler technology is limited to detecting fetal heart rate For example, it is useful for listening to blood flow in arteries, as well as other movements within the body. Useful. Such techniques can be applied to other moving parts, e.g. It can also be used to listen to parts of the song.

Electronic detection of the fetus is an essential part of maternal care before and during labor and delivery. It is a commonly applied technology. The heartbeat of the fetus is determined by observing the weak electrocardiogram of the fetus in the mother's abdomen. A set of electrodes that pick up the fetal heartbeat - A sensitive micro that picks up fetal heart sounds ultrasound energy that reflects from moving parts of the fetal cardiovascular system. Ultrasonic Doppler transducers detect Doppler frequency shifts. Can be detected indirectly from the internal abdominal wall.

Stethoscopes have also been used to listen to the fetal heartbeat.

Using a stethoscope to listen to the heartbeat of the fetus means that there are abnormalities that occur during labor contractions. Or I was not satisfied with the high-pitched artificial sounds. Even before labor begins, the fetal heartbeat can be heard 1 An ordinary stethoscope was not satisfactory because it covered the sound of the mother's heartbeat. .

Ultrasound Doppler systems for fetal heart rate detection are well known and currently available. systems are inconvenient to use. Most of the currently available ultrasound The stem is a processing circuitry that is attached by wire to the earphones used by doctors. It is equipped with an ultrasonic 10-pe along with a child. Other known systems are Doppler Pro It is a device that utilizes the fabric, and is suitable for blow-ups, such as the bog-cotton of a doctor's shirt. A drive that is hardwired to a speaker that can be clamped securely. A Pppler probe is used. An example of such a system is Virginia ( Fredericksburg, Virginia g) Sonicaid, Inc. The D100 model pocket fetal heart detection device (Model Dl) sold by oo Pocket Fetal Heart Detector).

The disadvantage of such a system is that the Doppler probe can be used as a speaker or earphone. When the wires connected to the It can become a devil.

To overcome the inconveniences associated with hard-wired devices, high-frequency telemetry systems are TEMs have been proposed for clinical fetal detection.

One such system is biotelemetry bayient monitoring. 7:104-121 (1980) Michael Earle, Newman and Hie. “Two Channel High Frequency Telemetry System for Clinical Fetal Detection” by Dwart O’Connor. Stem'' (+A Two-Channel Radiotelemetry S systemfor C11nical Fetal Monitoring-b y Michael R, Neuman and Edward 00onnor , BIOTBLEMETRYPATIENT MONITORING 7:1 04-121 (1980)). disclosed in this paper In this system, the fetal ECG is picked up by a scalp electrode. are sent to separate receivers by a two-channel radio frequency system.

The transmitter is housed in a case and attached to the mother's thigh with a string. disclosed This system does not utilize an ultrasound Doppler probe. However , because of its size it must be attached to the mother with a string, so there is some crimp. It's a small thing. Other known high-frequency telemetry systems for fetal detection are also bulky. This makes it inconvenient to use.

The ultrasonic Doppler system, which is portable and easy to use, is used to measure fetal heart rate. It would be advantageous to provide for detecting such movements. of such a system Separate components are interconnected with wires that can get caught in the way and get in the way. must not be Doppler probes are easy to hold and can be used with various shapes of ultrasonic probes. It must be compatible with wave transducers. seven-like system What is even more advantageous for the It is to be equipped with both a contact detection mechanism and a contact detection mechanism. It is also desirable to Records information sensed by the system and comments from physicians using the system. It is also important to have a mechanism for recording information.

The present invention relates to such a better system.

Outline of the invention According to this invention, the portable ultrasonic dog learn stem is a motion sensing device. It is. The system includes a housing containing transmitting and receiving elements. It consists of a hand-held device. energizing the transmitting element to emit ultrasound energy; A mechanism is provided to do so. and - emitted from said transmitting element and transmitted by a remote object. detecting the response of the receiving element to the ultrasound energy reflected from the receiving element in the previous year. It is equipped with a mechanism to transmitting a high frequency signal modulated according to the response of the receiving element; A high frequency transmission mechanism is provided to transmit the information. This ultrasonic top run stem It also has a high frequency receiver for receiving signals sent from the device held in the child. It also consists of mechanisms. The high frequency receiving mechanism responds to reflected ultrasonic energy. an audible output mechanism for generating an audible signal according to the response of the receiving element to Ru.

As used in this specification, the term "high frequency j" will be understood by those skilled in the art. It is intended to encompass a variety of signal transmission schemes. Therefore, this term is infrared transmission in the line frequency spectrum, or any other frequency range over which the signal can be sent. shall not be construed as excluding the use of signal transmission.

The high frequency transmitting mechanism included in the hand-held device of this invention: An antenna may be provided in electrical contact with the patient's skin to be sensed. This way In this way, the patient becomes an effective antenna for this system, resulting in high frequency transmission. This will improve the coupling between the transmitting and receiving mechanisms. Additionally, grounding for the antenna The surface is attached to a hand-held device with either exposed conductive parts or capacitive coupling parts. Therefore, the physician holding the device becomes an extension of the ground plane and becomes aware of the presence of the ground plane. Provisions can be made to increase effectiveness. Patient and antenna as transmission antenna In combination with the physician as a ground plane, there is very little contact between the hand-held device and the receiving mechanism. This is an effective high frequency connection. During operation, the doctor and patient use a type of dipole. act as a antenna.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that this system is not limited to use for medical diagnosis. will be understood by This system controls the movement of moving objects in a machine. Applicable to impenetrable testing requirements, including target detection.

to These and other features and advantages of the invention can be seen in conjunction with the drawings. It will become clearer from the detailed description below.

Drawing description Figure 1 shows a diagram of a doctor using the system of this invention to detect a fetus. It is Tsute, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the hand-held device of the invention, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the hand-held device of the invention. Fig. 4 is an end view of the hand-held device shown in Fig. 2; FIG. 6 is an end view of an alternative embodiment; FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the transducer end of the hand-held device; Ultrasonic energy that is emitted from a moving object and reflected back from a moving object. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the hand-held device shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the hand-held device shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the receiving mechanism; FIG. 8 is an exploded view of the receiving mechanism shown in FIG. 7; 9 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the hand-held device, and FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the hand-held device; FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of another alternative embodiment of a hand-held device; FIG. 11 shows the ultrasonic transmitting mechanism provided in the hand-held device of the present invention. 1 is a block diagram of a circuit of a sound wave receiving mechanism and an FM transmitting mechanism; FIG. 12 shows the present invention including Ogunyonal digital data storage and readout features. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a circuit included in the receiving mechanism of FIG.

7 Specific aa5a-5ooeso (4) Detailed description of the invention This invention utilizes ultrasonic Doppler technology to provide two components for movement, e.g. We will provide you with a new and improved Borta Brunstel. One component is the operator of this system. A hand-held device used by a patient (e.g., a doctor). The hand-held device is inside the body. placed on the external surface of the body (e.g. the patient) to sense movement. Another part of this system The component is a receiving mechanism that receives the information sent by the hand-held device and makes it audible. Reproduce. A person holding a hand-held device and an object whose internal movements are to be detected. functions together as a tie ball antenna, from the device held in the hand to the receiving mechanism. aids in the transmission of information.

Figure 1 illustrates the use of this system to detect the heart rate of a fetus. are doing. The physician 20 holds the grip 26 of the hand-held device 24. by hand The head end 32 of the holding device 24 is placed on the abdomen of the pregnant woman 22. explained below The hand-held device 24 generates a high-frequency sensor containing fetal 6-beat information. Wave signals are emitted from a doctor 20 and a pregnant woman 22. The receiving mechanism 60 receives the radiated signal. Detects the signal and makes it audible according to the received signal via the speaker installed in it. Generate a signal.

Since the receiving mechanism 60 can be equipped with an earphone jack, the doctor 20 can use the earphone jack. You can listen to the received signal privately through your phone.

Hand-held devices 24i-j are shown in detail in FIGS. 2-6. In Figure 2 As shown, the hand-held device 24 includes a head end 32 and a tail end 34. There is. The button 3o is a switch for turning off the internal circuit of the device 24 held by hand. It is intended to make the team work. The grip portion 26 of the hand-held device 24 is It is convenient to hold the device. The grip 26 has a conductive band 28, which makes direct conductive contact with the hand of the person holding the hand-held device 24; or The hand of the person holding the hand-held device 24 is brought into indirect capacitive conductive contact. be.

The conductive band can surround 99 inches of hand-held device 24. Guidance Band 28 is coupled to circuitry within hand-held device 24.

The hand-held device 24 includes an ultrasonic transmitting mechanism, an ultrasonic receiving mechanism, and a high frequency transmitting mechanism. It is equipped with various electronic circuits including. The ultrasonic transmitting mechanism circuit includes a piezoelectric crystal element 38 ( (see FIGS. 3-6) to emit ultrasonic energy. Ultrasonic receiver The communication circuit detects the response of the other piezoelectric crystal element 40; The answer is that the crystal element 38 emits light and is reflected to the crystal element 40 by the moving object 2I. The response of the ultrasonic energy returned by the used for detection.

The device 24 to be held by hand includes a main body portion 25a, a cover portion 25b, and a battery cover portion 25C. It consists of a three-piece housing. Housing parts 25a, 25 b and 25c may be formed from a suitable material such as pine needle. The housing is completely Although it has a cylindrical shape, it does not roll when the hand-held device 24 is placed on a flat surface. The cross-sections at both ends are hexagonal to prevent distortion. The hand-held device 24 is Approximately 8 inches long (approximately 20 centimeters) so that you can easily maintain your balance. He is good at shaving with meters).

Ultrasonic transmitting and receiving crystal elements 38 and 30 are preformed polyester. It is glued to the main body 39. The polyester body 39 has crystal elements 38 and 39. The shape is such that it is located at an oblique angle θ between the two. The angle θ is the ultrasonic energy Appropriately transmits ultrasonic energy that is sufficiently transmitted through the main unit and reflected back from the object being detected. has been selected to be accepted.

The operation of the ultrasound Doppler portion of this system is shown in Figure 5, which is FIG. 3 is a detailed view of the head end 32 of the device 24 for holding the device 24; In Figure 5, the head end 32 is shown resting on the soil of the patient's skin 23. movement inside the patient's body An object 21 is being sensed by the ultrasonic dog learn stem.

Ultrasonic energy emanates from transmitting crystal element 38 . That energy is a moving object 21, is reflected, returns to the head end 32, and hits the surface of the receiving crystal element 40. Ru. The following will be understood. In other words, the ultrasonic beam determined by the angle θ The focal point of the system is to properly position the head end 32 of the hand-held device 24 against the skin 23. The location of the body organ being detected is selected based on the location of the body organ being detected. It is. Focusing in such a way maximizes the strength of the reflected signal and It helps to minimize interference from other movements of the patient's body.

FIG. 5 also shows a metal antenna electrode 36, which antenna electrode is in conductive contact with the skin 23 of the patient being probed. What kind of conductive gold is the electrode 36 made of? Although it can be made from stainless steel, it is preferable to make it from stainless steel. antenna electrode 3 6 is a seat carrying the high frequency signal from the high frequency transmitting mechanism in the hand held device 24; It is connected to the internal conducting wire 57a of the field antenna wire.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of hand-held device 24 showing various internal configurations of the device. Show parts. The printed wiring boards 42 and 44 include an ultrasonic transmitting circuit, an ultrasonic receiving circuit, and It includes various components forming a high frequency transmitting mechanism. Transmission crystal element 38 and the receiving crystal element 40 is attached to the head end 32 together with the antenna electrode 36. It is shown in FIG. 6 also shows a braided portion 57b of the shield antenna wire 57. metal forming the conductive zone 28 in the grip 26 of the device 24 held in the hand of Shows connections to manufactured parts. It also supplies power to the electronic circuitry of the hand-held device 24. Batteries 46 and 48 are shown.

Figures 7 and 8 show the receiving mechanism of this system. The receiving mechanism 60 is a print layout. It consists of a housing 72 with wire placement plates 86 and 88. Wiring boards 86 and 88 forms a circuit for receiving and processing the high frequency signals transmitted by the hand-held device 24. Consists of component parts. The speaker 80 is a dot detected by the hand-held device 24. It is provided within the housing 72 to audibly reproduce the puller shift sound. . Perforated plate 82 allows sound from speaker 80 to be emitted from receiving mechanism 60 Make it. A metal foil ground plane 76 is attached to the back cover 74 of the receiving mechanism 60. , the ground plane of which cooperates with metal strip 84 to provide relief from hand-held device 24 It forms a dipole antenna for signal reception. Button 62 is a receiving mechanism The receiving mechanism 60 is provided to turn on the circuit. Volume adjuster 70 is knob 6 It can be adjusted by the system user by turning 6. The light emitting diode 64 is the receiving mechanism 6 Indicates to the user that 0 is turned on. The earphone jack 68 is the receiving mechanism 60 It is equipped so that the output can be listened to with earphones instead of through the speaker is being given. Batteries 90, 92 and 94 are used to power the receiver circuitry. used. The housing 72 allows the receiving mechanism 60 to fit into the user's pocket. The shape is such that it can be pushed into place.

The clip 78 attaches the receiving mechanism 60 to a belt, jacket pocket, or similar location. It is equipped so that it can be inserted into the

The operations of various electronic circuits used in connection with this system are shown in Figures 11 and 12. The diagram will be explained.

FIG. 11 shows the circuitry within the hand-held device. This circuit consists of five separate parts, all That is, a transducer 199, an ultrasonic transmitting mechanism 200, an ultrasonic receiving mechanism 212 , a modulation mechanism 228 and an F, M transmission mechanism 222.

Transducer +99 consists of two piezoelectric crystal elements 38 and 40 glued at a critical angle. It consists of a sturdy, non-conductive housing 39 with transju For specific applications, as explained in detail with reference to FIG. It can be composed of a crystal element. The non-conductive housing 39 is surrounded by conductive gold. 36 and is in electrical contact with the object being detected (e.g., a patient). Ru. Ring 36 serves as an FM antenna. Piezoelectric crystal element 38 is a transmitting element. This produces mechanical vibrations at a predetermined resonant ultrasonic frequency. The frequency is crystal element 38 as well as the ultrasonic transmitting circuit 200.

Transducer 199 transmits ultrasonic energy that transmits vibrational motion of transmitting element 38 therefrom. For coupling to the target object during observation with almost no change in amplitude across frequencies. It is configured to have sufficient amplitude. The piezoelectric crystal element 40 is a receiving element. a receiving surface 240 disposed at an acute angle with respect to the transmitting surface 238 of the transmitting element 38; ing. The angle between the transmitting surface 238 and the receiving surface 240 is such that the angle between the transmitting surface 238 and the receiving surface 240 is is the critical angle since it determines the possible degree of reception by the receiving element 40 of the acoustic wave energy. . The wider the angle between the transmitting surface 238 and the receiving surface 240, the more possible. The degree of reception is a dog. The ultrasonic transmitting circuit 200 includes an oscillator 206, an intensifier 204 and and a tuning circuit 202. The oscillator 206 transmits the transmitting element 3 in longitudinal (thickness) mode. Generates the necessary and appropriate frequency to drive the 8. Amplifier 204 is tuned circuit 2 02 and the appropriate voltage level to drive the piezoelectric transmitting element 38. same The control circuit 202 is composed of an inductor/capacitor network, and this network is For proper nine-impedance matching between amplifier 204 and transmitting element 38 It is something. In a preferred embodiment, ultrasound transmitter circuit 200 is an integrator circuit configuration. It offers maximum stability and reliability.

The ultrasonic receiving mechanism 212 includes a detector/amplifier 214, a constant current source 216, and a tuning circuit 21. 8 and a discriminator 220. The detector/amplifier 214 is coupled to receive receives an electrical signal from a communication element 40; An electrical signal is first generated by transmitting element 38 generated by ultrasonic energy reflected from the interrupted object and returned to the receiving element 40. Ru. As already understood, the receiving element 40 may be a piezoelectric crystal element, which It is excited by the radiated ultrasonic energy and generates a voltage. Detector/amplifier 21 4I′i detecting the electrical signal generated by the receiving element 40 and processing the electrical signal. to amplify to a good voltage level. The signal level is maintained through the use of constant current source 216. The current source ensures that the signal is stable and of constant amplitude. are doing. Tuned circuit 218 provides proper phase adjustment while imparting gain to the circuit. , select the frequency and bandwidth of the detected signal. Discriminator 220 is transmitted by transmitting element 38. The high-frequency ultrasonic signal that is generates a difference signal representing the difference between the resulting frequency shift. This nft is “ The resulting frequency difference is known as "dotsplanft" and the resulting frequency difference is within the audible range. (e.g. 20 to 2 o o o o o o o cycles per second) and conventional audible It can be amplified by a frequency amplifier.

Modulation mechanism 228 consists of an audio amplifier 232 and a modulator/crystal oscillator 230. It is. The audio frequency amplifier 232 receives signals from the discriminator 220 of the ultrasound receiving mechanism 212. amplify the received audible signal. The gain of this amplifier is reasonably high. Output of amplifier 232 The power is coupled to the input of modulator/crystal oscillator 230. The modulator and crystal oscillator are A constantly stable frequency is maintained by the ability to vary this frequency over a narrow range. designed to testify. The crystal oscillator is selected to generate a constant frequency However, this constant frequency is the center frequency or carrier frequency of the FM transmitting mechanism 222.

The audio signal is provided from an audio amplifier 232 to a modulator/crystal oscillator 230. Performs signal modulation of high frequency carrier waves. In a preferred embodiment, modulation mechanism 228 consists of an integrating circuit for simplicity and reliability.

The FM transmitting mechanism 222 is composed of an FM transmitter 226 and a tuned output transceiver 224. There is. FM transmitter 226 provides the appropriate voltage level and impedance to tune the output. The quadrangle 224 is driven. Tuned output transformer 224 matches impedance and to maximize the output signal provided to the radiating ring antenna 36. Helpful. Therefore, the ring antenna is installed around the transformer and the -sa 199. It is worn. Since the output impedance of the tuned output transformer 224 is relatively low, ・The signal amplitude is set so that the device 24 held by hand is electrically loaded onto the object being diagnosed. ) does not change when brought into contact. In this way, the object under diagnosis is It becomes an extension of Na. As a result, the radiation ring antenna 36 and the object under diagnosis A radio frequency modulated signal will be sent.

The hand-held device 24 is equipped with a power supply @ 208, the power source of which is An example is a long-life lithium battery. Lithium batteries have long shelf life and energy Selected for density. Series switch 210 directs current to one of power supplies 208. (potential force) is coupled to all circuits of the hand held device 24. switch 210 When closed, all circuit forces of the hand-held device are energized.

The block diagram in FIG. 12 shows the circuitry within the receiving mechanism 60. Basically, this circuit receives It consists of a signal section 290, a clock section 292, and an amplifier 300.

The receiving section 290 is composed of 13 subsections. They are tuned circuit 2 60, crystal oscillator 262, mixer 264, filter circuit 266, limiting amplifier 26 8, discriminator 270, first amplifier 272, second amplifier 274, noise detector 276, squelch trigger 278, audible mute circuit 280, pirate switch 284 and a gain controller 282. Receive antenna 84 is coupled to tuning circuit 260. and detects the high frequency modulated signal emitted by the hand-held device 24. Tuning circuit 260 selects the low amplitude signal from antenna 84 and selects the lower amplitude signal from antenna 84 to Convert to amplitude signal. The intensified signal from tuned circuit 260 is sent to mixer 264. be combined. Crystal oscillator 262 provides another frequency to mixer 264; The wave number is higher than the frequency of the signal emitted by hand-held device 24 and detected by antenna 84. It is slightly lower.

The mixer 264 uses the frequency from the crystal oscillator 262 to detect the frequency that the antenna 84 detects. to provide a low frequency signal. This low frequency signal is input to filter 266 and the filter removes extraneous noise. The signal is limited by filter 266. It passes through amplifier 268, which limits the amplification and total voltage amplitude to tone the signal. Arrange. From limiting amplifier 268 the signal is sent to discriminator 270 where it is demodulated. is converted into an audible signal, which represents the Doppler shift. Therefore, it is by hand Holding device 26 4 is the movement of the object being detected. The audible signal received by discriminator 270 is is coupled to a gain amplifier 272 where the signal is amplified and passed to a second amplifier 274 and gain control. It is sent to the controller 282. The amplified signal is transferred from the gain controller 282 to the It is coupled to switch 284.

Pilateral switch 284 is essentially an electronic relay or gate. this The gate, when activated, passes an audible signal from the gain controller 282 to the amplifier circuit 800. let it pass The signal from second amplifier 214 is processed by noise detector 276 However, this detector is basically a high-pass filter, which only detects frequencies above a certain level. Let it pass. Such radio frequencies are typically transmitted when the hand-held device 24 is not transmitting. It only occurs in Its high frequency may be used to perform an audible muting function. Can be done. This passes high frequencies from the noise detector 276 to the squelch trigger 278. The trigger detects the presence of high frequencies and activates the audible mute circuit 280. Generates a trigger signal for The audible mute circuit 280 is at zero or earth potential. An output is generated when a squelch trigger signal is received. This earth potential is Pyra Teral switch 284 is deenergized, grounding its audible output. As a result, the earth potential is supplied to the amplifier circuit 300 when the hand-held device 24 is not transmitting, and The audible output of mechanism 60 is muted.

The output of the audible mute circuit 280 is connected to the clock circuit 292 for illustrative purposes. is combined with

The amplifier circuit 300 includes a first stage amplifier 286, a power booster 288, a speaker 80, and It consists of an earphone jack 68. A hand-held device 24 emits an FM signal. When the demodulated audio signal is output from the pirate switch 284 to the first stage amplifier 28 received by 6. The first stage amplifier 286 is connected to the peripheral switch 284. The amplified signal is input to the power amplifier 288. power amplifier 2 88 supplies the appropriate current and voltage levels to the speaker 80 or earphone jack. drive the earphones connected to the connector 68. In this way, an audible signal is generated and the Change in velocity of an object being observed with a hand-held device 24 represents. When hand-held device 24 is inactive, first stage amplifier 286 is By the action of the audible mute circuit 280 of the signal section 290 and the pirate switch 2840. It is grounded. In such cases, the audible signal may be transmitted through speaker 80 or earphone jack. There is no output from the earphones connected to the hook 68.

The clock circuit 292 includes a counter divider/oscillator 258, a pirate It includes a switch 254, a bilateral switch 256, and a power source 250. Black The lock circuit 292 also includes a light emitting diode 64 and an ON switch 252. Already As understood in is coupled to clock circuit 292 at the input of interdivider/oscillator 258 .

A counterclockwise oscillator 258 serves as a clock, and the circuit of FIG. determines the length of time that the hand-held device 24 will operate after it becomes inactive. . A counter-day type 41 oscillator 258 is transmitted by a hand-held device 24. It will be reset to zero at any time. If the hand-held device 24 does not work, A pulse train of a predetermined number of counts starts. This pulse train is a counter-dead type 41-phase pulse train. from the oscillator 258 to the pirate switch 256; 256 can turn ON/OFF the light emitting diode 64 for a predetermined count. The cow When the pattern is complete, counter-divider/oscillator 258 generates a signal to indicate the pattern is complete. Deactivate the lateral switch 254. Pilateral switch 254 is deenergized At this time, the switch turns off one of the potential voltages supplied by the power supply 250, and All components within the system 60 are de-energized. The other potential voltage supplied by the power supply 250 is It is connected to the ground side of all wiring boards and the metal foil ground plane 76. ON switch 25 2 activates the receiver 290 and at the same time sets the counter-dead type 41f oscillator 258 to zero. Reset. Power source 250 within receiving mechanism 60 as well as within hand-held device 24 can be constructed with long-life batteries.

Additional circuitry may optionally be included within the receiving mechanism 60, which The heartbeat rate of the child and/or the mother and the difference between the mother's heartbeat rate and the fetal heartbeat rate. This is for reading and storing. The difference between the baby's heart rate and the mother's heart rate is It shows the health status and age of the baby. Such additional circuitry is three-part, viz. Heartbeat 7 Electronic pulse converter and clock 402, decoder, momeri and It can be configured with a binary differentiator 404 and a digital display device 406. Beating of the heart -Electronic clocks and clocks 402 are set at specific times determined by the clock. A decoder counts heartbeats between intervals and converts the binary code into memory and memory. The signal is sent to the Nari differentiator circuit 404. This ) (inari code is three separate digits These digits are stored in the decoder, memory and binary differentiator 404. one of the fetus J's memory registers or the "mother's" memory registers. system operator to decide. In this way, a mother's heartbeat is one can be stored in one register, and the fetal heart rate can be stored in another register. this The difference between the heart rates stored in the two registers is determined by the decoder, memory and binary differentiation. is stored in a third register within the device 404. The system operator monitors the mother's heart rate. register, the fetal heart rate register, or the register that shows the difference between those heart rates. choose at will. The data in the selected register is shown on digital display 406. be done.

This invention can be applied to various alternative embodiments, and any number of these embodiments is possible. This is shown in FIGS. 4, 9 and 10. Figure 4 shows a hand-held device 24. FIG. 3 is an end view of the head end 32 of the FIG. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, only two crystal elements are used. Instead, four piezoelectric crystal elements 38a, 38b, 40a and 40b are used. piezoelectric element Children 408 and 40b are receiving elements in which the transmitted ultrasonic energy is transmitted to the motion being detected. from transmitting elements 38a and 38b, respectively, after reflection from the object Used to receive emitted ultrasonic frequencies. Inside the head end 32 like this By providing multi-frequency capability, the hand-held device 24 can Can be used for detection. For example, the transmitting element 38a and the receiving element 408 are connected to the fetal heart rate. The transmitting element 38b and the receiving element 40b can be used for intra-arterial and /or 0 It can be used to detect blood flow in the deep venous system of the peripheral circulation. this Technically educated people will understand that: That is, different In order to focus the parameters differently in relation to the detection task, only the frequency This means that the angle between the associated transmitting and receiving elements must also be changed. be.

FIG. 9 shows a microphone 96 attached to the tail end 34 of the hand-held device 24. An example is shown below. Microphone 96 is connected to the user of hand-held device 24 (e.g. physicians) can make comments, and those comments Along with the audible portion of the modulated carrier wave transmitted by hand-held device 24, the Transmission for permanent recording on tape or other device coupled to the hearing output It will be done. Thus, for example, a doctor who is auscultating the fetal heart rate is not recording it. Note the pertinent relevant factors that need to be known during subsequent playback of the data be able to. The microphone 96 also auscultates the patient's heartbeat in a conventional manner. In this case, this system can function as an electronic stethoscope. function.

Figure 16 shows a handheld device with separate transducers located symmetrically on each end. The apparatus 100 shown in FIG. One end includes a transmitting element 138 and a receiving element 140 . These elements operate in conjunction with ring antenna 136 as previously described. The other end of the device 100, which is held by hand, is connected to the transmitting element 13 together with the ring antenna 135. 9 and an associated receiving element +41. Both sets of transducers are printed It is coupled to electronic circuits on wiring boards 142 and 144. Hold the conductive band 128 by hand. is located in the grip of the device 100 that is used by the user of the device, as described in a. It is designed to function as a ground plane for the radio antenna. Batteries +46 and 148 are Provisions are made for powering the hand-held device 100. hold with one hand Additional features of device 100 include switches 160 and 161, which are located at each end of the hand-held device +00 and detect one end of the device 100. energizes circuitry within the device whenever it is placed on a body surface (e.g., skin).

One end of the hand-held device 100 includes a switch push button 165, which The button is coupled to switch 161 via actuator rod 163.

When the hand-held device 100 is properly placed on the body surface, the push button 165 is pressed. When lowered, push rond 163 activates switch 161. Similarly, held in hand The other end of the device 100 is a push button 164, a push button 162, and a switch +6. 0. When switch 161 is activated, transmitting element 138 and receiving element 140 Energize the relevant circuits. When switch 160 is moved, transmitting element 139 and receiving element The circuit associated with 141 is energized.

When hand-held device 100 is not in use, all circuits are de-energized. .

As an additional feature, the hand-held device of this invention makes it suitable for use in the operating room. can be placed in a sterile bag (e.g., made of rubber). Sterile hand-held device The system of this invention can be operated while in the bag. The reason is super This is because both sonic energy and high frequency energy pass through the bag.

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Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A portable ultrasound Doppler system for sensing motion, comprising: a housing, a transmitting element mounted within the housing, and energizing the transmitting element; a mechanism mounted within the housing for transmitting ultrasonic energy; Receiving elements that respond to ultrasonic energy that is emitted and reflected by an object that is spaced apart element, a mechanism for detecting the response of the receiving element to reflected ultrasound energy, and a mechanism for detecting the response of the receiving element to reflected ultrasound energy; coupled to a detection mechanism and transmitting a radio frequency signal modulated according to the response of the receiving mechanism; a hand-held device equipped with a high-frequency transmitting mechanism that It is used to receive high frequency signals sent from a device that holds nuclear particles. a high frequency receiver with an audible output mechanism for generating an audible signal according to the elementary response It consists of a structure. 2. The housing has a header in which the transmitting element and the receiving element are mounted. 2. The system of claim 1, further comprising a closed end. 3. Also equipped with an antenna mechanism for transmitting signals from the high frequency transmission mechanism. and the antenna mechanism comprises a conductive surface located externally of the head end. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that: 4. Claim 3, wherein the housing also includes a grip portion. The system described. 5. Also comprising a ground plane mechanism operably coupled to the antenna mechanism, The surface mechanism comprises a conductive surface located externally of the hand-held device in the grip. 5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that: 6. The receiving mechanism is housed in a casing and disposed within the casing. the first and second conductive elements forming an evening pole antenna; 6. The system of claim 5. 7. The transmitting element consists of a piezoelectric crystal element with a transmitting surface, and the receiving element has a receiving surface. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the system comprises a piezoelectric crystal element having Mu. 8. The housing is configured such that the transmitting element and the receiving element are located close to each other and are mounted therein. The transmitting and receiving surfaces of the element include a head end attached to the housing. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that each of the systems faces the exterior of the system. . 9. Also comprising an antenna mechanism for transmitting signals from the high frequency transmission mechanism. and the antenna mechanism extends toward the head in a general direction facing the transmitting and receiving surfaces. 9. The system according to claim 8, wherein the system is located outside the head end. . 10. The head end is placed on the body of the living being and the transmitting element is moved within the body. The device is positioned so as to emit ultrasonic energy to a target object. The receiving element reflects the ultrasound energy away from the moving object. the conductive surface of the antenna mechanism is in contact with the body; 10. The system according to claim 9, characterized in that: 11. The respective transmitting and receiving surfaces of the transmitting element and receiving element have a blunt surface between them. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that the angle is limited. Tem. . 12. Claim 1, wherein the housing also includes a grip portion. The system described in item 0. 13. Also comprising a ground plane mechanism operably coupled to the antenna mechanism, The ground mechanism comprises a conductive surface located on the exterior of the hand-held device of the grip. Claims characterized by: The system according to item 12. 14. The receiving mechanism is disposed within the gauging housed in the gauging. the first and second conductive elements forming a tie-pole antenna; 14. The system according to claim 13, characterized in that: ]5. The gauging device is characterized in that it is used by fitting it into the pocket of a jacket. The system according to claim 6 or 14. 16. The transmitting element comprises a plurality of piezoelectric crystal elements, each of which has a different It is used to emit sound wave energy, and the receiving element includes a plurality of piezoelectric crystal elements. and each transmitting element is configured to respond to one of the frequencies emitted by the transmitting element. System according to claim 10, characterized in that it is used. 17.Equipped with multiple transmitting elements, each of which emits different ultrasonic frequencies. The receiving elements are used to transmit frequencies emitted by different elements of the transmitting element. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it is used to respond to wavenumbers. Tem. 18. The housing is generally cylindrical and includes a pair of operably coupled first feeders. a pair of second transmitting and receiving elements operatively coupled to the first end having transmitting and receiving elements; 18. The system according to claim 17, characterized in that the second end is provided with an element. Tem. 19. When the first end is placed at the interface of the body where movement within the cage is sensed; a first transmitting and receiving element capable of operating the system in conjunction with the -71 first transmitting and receiving elements; 1 switch mechanism, the second end being a surface of the body where movement within the body is sensed. coupling the system to the pair of second transmitting and receiving elements when placing the second end at 20, which comprises a second switch mechanism that can be operated by the front handle; The device includes a microphone installed in the housing and a device that connects the microphone to the housing. coupled to a high frequency transmitting mechanism and changing the transmitting mechanism according to the output signal from the microphone; and a mechanism that enables the transmission of tuned high-frequency signals. 14. The system according to claim 1 or claim 13. 21. The audible output mechanism of the receiving mechanism is configured according to the output signal from the microphone. 21. The system of claim 20, wherein the system also generates an audible signal. 22, coupled to the radio frequency receiving mechanism and recording the response of the receiving element for future reference; and a recording mechanism for recording the response and the output signal from the microphone. 22. The system according to claim 21, characterized in that: 23, further comprising a ground plane mechanism operably coupled to the antenna mechanism; The ground mechanism is held at the front 7 inside the device, which is held by the front handle. The invention further comprises a conductive surface located in an area close to the grip. The system according to scope 4 or 12. 24, operably coupled to the radio frequency receiving mechanism and transmitting data according to the response of the receiving element; Claim 1, further comprising a display mechanism for visually displaying data. System described in section. 25. It also includes a memory mechanism for storing data according to the response of the received g element. , further comprising a mechanism for coupling the memory mechanism to a selective display mechanism for the data. 25. A system according to claim 24, characterized in that the system comprises: