JPS5947808A - Electronic scanning antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce remarkably number of components, by controlling an irradiating level of multiplex radiation beam, an irradiation angle or the like by means of a beam control means having both a pwer variable dispersion function and a phase control function, in two irradiating planes orthogonal to each other. CONSTITUTION:A signal power inputted from a terminal 54 of a two-port variable power phase shifter 15 to a transmission line 2 via a terminal 51 is fed to radiating elements 1a-1h via directional couplers 4a-4h provided at each prescribed interval l1 in the transmission line 2. The remaining signal power fed to the elements 1a-1h via the directional couplers 4a-4h is absorbed in a resistive terminator 6 and processed so as not to produce spurious irradiating beam. Further, a signal inputted to a transmission line 3 from a terminal 55 of the two- port variable power phase shifter 15 via a terminal 52 is fed to the radiating elements 1a-1h via directional couplers 5a-5h provided in the transmission line 3 at a prescribed interval.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an electronic scanning antenna, particularly in two mutually orthogonal radiation planes, the radiation angle and radiation angle of multiple radiation beams, etc. 1 Regarding the antenna.

The position of the target object is detected by receiving reflected pulse signals from flying objects, including aircraft, etc. In pulse radar, which processes the obtained position information, the number of pulse hits obtained from the target object (hereinafter referred to as In addition, in order to improve the data acquisition rate under specific conditions, in the case of a fixedly installed antenna, the radiation angle of the multiple radiation beam of the antenna can be adjusted electronically according to a predetermined operation method. In the case of an antenna installed on an antenna rotary table that rotates in a twisted horizontal plane, the total radiation angle of the multiple radiation beam of the array antenna is adjusted to a predetermined value corresponding to the rotational movement of the antenna. A method of electronically controlling according to the operation method of
A method is often used that combines the switching of the plurality of array antennas described above with the relatively simple electronic control of the radiation beacon. ,. In the case of L7, the above-mentioned fixedly installed 71f child control 1 aerial gland and the former σ installed on the antenna rotary table.
Electronically controlled (-in the case of the middle gland).

The number of components used in the control of multiplex radiation beams (including phase shifters, etc.) increases, the antenna becomes more complex, increases the price and operating costs, and reduces operational reliability. In the case of the latter type of electronically controlled antenna, which has the following disadvantage: -1: An antenna rotating table (2), it is necessary to install several array antennas.

In addition, as mentioned above, a large power circuit switch is required to switch the power supply system of multiple array antennas, and as a result, the antennas become complex.7. It has the disadvantage that the ltθ rating and operational efficiency increase, and the operational reliability decreases.

The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks mentioned in (2) and (7) to maintain all the functions regarding the number of hits and data acquisition rate.

The number of parts including the phase shifter for controlling the radiation beam described above is reduced, and the antenna on the antenna rotary table is configured with a single array antenna, and in total, the entire high power circuit switch An object of the present invention is to provide an electronic scanning antenna that is simple, economical, and highly reliable.

The electronic scanning antenna μ of the present invention is N in the first radiation plane.
A radiation aperture forming (N>1) multiple radiation beams, switching of the radiation beams within the first radiation plane for the multiple radiation beams, and arbitrary setting of the radiation power ratio for each radiation beam. radiation beam control including radiation beam scanning by overlapping formation of radiation beams, and radiation beam scanning in a second radiation plane orthogonal to the first radiation plane in a predetermined reference direction for the multiple radiation beams; It can be configured to include beam control means that has both a variable power distribution function and a phase control function for performing control at the same time.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of the electronic scanning antenna of the present invention, which corresponds to the case where a horizontal plane and a vertical plane are respectively set as the first and second radiation beams, and the number of multiple radiation beams. This corresponds to the case where there are two. Especially the first
Figure (5) shows a horizontal array unit, which is one of the components of the electronic scanning antenna, a two-board variable switch having a pair of output terminals, a power phase shifter, and a block for explaining the characteristics of the radiation beam. It is a diagram. In this embodiment, six horizontal array units consisting of eight radiation elements arranged in the horizontal direction are arranged in the vertical direction, corresponding to an electronic scanning antenna that forms two multiple radiation beams on the horizontal radiation surface. This forms the radiation aperture of the array antenna. That is, as shown in FIG. 1 (f3DK), this first embodiment is
It includes horizontal array units 14-1 to 14-6, beam control means 70 including two-bottom variable power phase shifters 15-1 to 6, and a vertical feeding circuit 16.

@1 In Figure (4), the transmission pulse signal input from the terminal 53 is divided into two equal parts by a power divider constituted by the 180 degree hybrid coupling circuit 9 included in the variable power phase shifter 15 and the non-reflection termination 1 degree. variable phase shifters 11 and 1
The phase is adjusted by 2.

Each is input to a 90 degree hybrid coupling circuit 13. The output of the 90 degree hybrid coupling circuit 13 is input to the distributed constant type transmission lines 2 and 3SC via terminals 54 and 51 and terminals 55 and 52, respectively. 2
In port variable power phase shifter 15, terminal 53 is typically
If the signal voltage input from the terminal is Ei, and the set phase angle (lag phase) in the variable phase shifters 11 and 12 is west and φ2, respectively, then the signal voltage 1801 and EO21” output from the terminals 54 and 55 are Displayed in the formula.

Therefore, the amplitude ratio of the signals output from terminals 54 and 55 is the set phase angle l! in variable phase shifters 11 and 12#F-. and φ2, and the phase of the output signal is determined only by the difference φ1-5252 between the set phase angles DA1 and A2. Determined only by +2.

FIG. 5 (5) shows configuration examples of variable power phase shifters with 2 ports, 3 ports, 4 ports, and 5 ports.

(B), (C) and O).

At t[a(A), the two-boat variable power phase shifter 15
Transmission line 2V? from terminal 54 to terminal 51 of Signal S: Power is applied to the transmission line 2 VtC, direction 4'1 coupler 4a provided at every predetermined interval 11.
The radiating elements 1a-h [supply 7m: be transmitted through h'6. The degree of coupling of the directional couplers 43 to 11 is determined by forming a predetermined degree of coupling 11 in order to make the distribution of the radiation aperture surface appropriate for the electric field radiated from the radiating elements 1a-wh. 1ti4 is adjusted. Directional coupler4. a % I
The remaining signal power fed to the radiating elements 1a-b via t is absorbed by the non-reflective termination 6vC and processed so that no unnecessary radiation beams are generated. -10,000, transmission line 3VC from terminal 55 to terminal 52 of 2-port variable power phase shifter 15
The input signal is fed to the radiating elements 1a-hK via directional couplers 5a%h provided at predetermined intervals on the transmission line 317C. Now radiating element 1a"-
Assuming that the transmission line directly connected to hK is arranged orthogonally to the transmission line 2 and is arranged at a deviation of δI radians from the perpendicular angle to the transmission line 3, and the spacing between the radiating elements is equal to 11, the transmission line 2 The directivity angles of the radiation beams of the horizontal array unit 14 corresponding to the transmission lines 2 and 3Vc are expressed by the following equations, assuming that the transmission wavelengths in the transmission lines 2 and 3 are λ2.

In the above equation, λ represents the wavelength in free space, and k is a positive integer. Therefore, by adjusting the value of δ1 in FIG. 1 CAIC, radiation beams are formed from the horizontal array unit 14 at two arbitrary azimuth angles for δ1 and 02. Note that the non-reflection termination 7 in the transmission line 3 is used for the same purpose as the non-reflection termination 6.

The applications of the non-reflection terminations 8a-h used in the transmission lines directly connected to the radiating elements 1a-h are also the same as those of the non-reflection terminations 6 and 7.

Six combinations of horizontal array unit 14, two-point variable force, and force phase shifter 15 shown in FIG. 1 (5) are arranged along the lower surface of the first In the block diagram of the embodiment, the horizontal array units l-14-1 to 14-6 are connected to the corresponding 2-boat variable power phase shifters 15-1 to 6, respectively, and the 2-boat variable power phase shifters 15-1 to 6V are connected to each other. 'X,
It is fully coupled to the vertical feed circuit 16. To explain the operation in the case of transmission, the signal inputted from the terminal 56 is branched by the vertical feeding circuit 16 into six signals having a predetermined amplitude, L phase, and 2-board variable power phase shifter 15. -1 to 6 are powered. In the two-boat variable power phase shifters 15-1 to 15-6, the variable phase shifter 11 is
and for phase shift angles φl and φ2 of 12, Hoko!
When ρ1−φ2 is varied with +12 constant, the radiation beam f is emitted from the horizontal array units 14-1 to 6 via the two-boat variable power phase shifters 15-1 to 6. oriented in the directions of the aforementioned azimuth angles θl and θ2, and in response to the change in φ1−V2.

Each radiation 1 novel varies between zero and maximum values. FIG. 3 shows the appearance of these two radiation beams on the horizontal radiation plane. In FIG. 1(B), the horizontal array units 14-1 to 6vr have two directions Vc 30 and 31 with respect to the front direction 29VC of the radiation opening 28.
2 radiation beams are formed l'g! ″+ Figure 3 (a)
, of) and (qf'f', , respectively i) i-hat 1: Hoko 1-ρ2 settings when both beams are at the same level, when the level of one beam is higher than the other, and when there is only one beam. Display an example of each case]7diZ)
.

Of course, depending on how nx lz is set, the radiation beano 36' can also be switched and set in the direction of 31 as shown in 1,4': line Vl-C'a'. As shown in FIG. 4, by adjusting the set angle δ of the transmission line 3 in the array unit r described above, two radiating beams can be obtained.
Angle r of I7 with azimuthal angles 37 and 38 of l, G:
/i, '・Set about the width of the beam i, said box - φ2
This figure shows a case where the levels of the two radiation beams are continuously changed over a predetermined range by adjusting the two radiation beams, and one local beam scan is performed using the radiation beam generated by combining the two radiation beams. In the fourth figure), the radiation beam 40
Since the level of the radiation beam 39 is higher than that of the radiation beam 39, a combined beam of one and both beams (not shown) is used.

Between below. ) is oriented toward the azimuth angle 38. Figure 4 (B
Since the levels of both radiation beams are equal at ), the combined beam is directed midway between azimuths 37 and 38. It goes without saying that in the case of FIG.

The above is a description of the operations regarding beam switching, arbitrary setting of the radiation power ratio for each beam, and beam scanning of the two radiation beams on the horizontal radiation surface.Next, beam scanning on the vertical radiation surface will be described. As mentioned above, in the two-boat variable power phase shifters 15-1 to 15-6, the front Nυ1+
φ2 is involved in the phase of the output signal 0 φ1-φ2
is set to an unchanged state, and the phase angle corresponding to φl-1-12521c is applied to each variable phase shifter included in the two-boat variable power phase shifters 15-1 to 15-6, and the phase difference of Δφ is sequentially calculated. It is clear that if the setting is made so as to occur, the height angle of the radiation beam changes depending on the size of Δφ and the arrangement interval along the upper and lower surfaces of the horizontal array units 14-1 to 14-6.

In this case, under the condition that the above-mentioned φ1-φ2 is held unchanged.

In order to set the phase difference between vertically adjacent horizontal array units to Δ, VC can be realized by setting the phase angles of the variable phase shifter to φ1+Δφ and ρ2+ΔΦ, as an example.

That is, in the seventh embodiment, the combination of the horizontal array unit 14 and the variable power phase shifter 15 forming the radiating bino is connected to the vertical feed circuit 16'fK: (through) along the vertical direction. A radiation aperture is constructed using 6 sets.

By making 12 ports variable power phase shifter 15-1 to 6
By controlling the adjustment of the phase setting angle in the horizontal radiation plane, the radiation includes switching of the two radiation beams, arbitrary setting of the radiation 1 power ratio for each beam of the two radiation beams, and beam scanning by overlapping formation of the two radiation beams. Beano control and radiation beam control including beam scanning by controlling the feeding phase of the two radiation beams on the vertical radiation surface can be performed. Of course, it is also possible to construct the electronic scanning antenna of the present invention by setting a vertical plane and a horizontal plane as the first and second radiation surfaces, respectively. In this case, the two radiation beams can be switched at the vertical radiation surface. , radiation beam control including arbitrary setting of a radiation power ratio for each of the two radiation beams and beam scanning by overlapping formation of the two radiation beams, and beam scanning by controlling the feeding phase of the two radiation beams in the horizontal radiation plane. and radiation beam control.

FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, which corresponds to the case where a horizontal plane and a vertical plane are set as the first and second radiation surfaces, respectively, and when the number of multiplexed beams is three. Compatible. FIG. 2(A) is a block diagram for explaining radiation beam characteristics including a horizontal array unit, which is one of the components of the second embodiment, and one 3-boat variable power phase shifter.

This embodiment corresponds to an electronic scanning antenna that forms multiple radiation beams of three pieces on a horizontal radiation plane, and six horizontal array units each consisting of eight radiation elements arranged in the horizontal direction are arranged along the vertical direction. This forms the radiation aperture of the array antenna.

That is, as shown in FIG. 'j control means 71 and a vertical power supply circuit 27.

In Figure 2 (5), transmission lines 16, 17 and 18
are transmission lines directly connected to the radiating element 1axh and directional couplers 19a-h, 20a-11 and 2, respectively.
1a-wh, and the transmission line 16rl is arranged orthogonal to the transmission line directly connected to the radiating element 1axh, and the transmission line 17 and isi.

They are shaped and arranged to be deviated from the orthogonal state by δ2 (radians) and δ3 (radians), respectively. The first mentioned above
Similarly to the horizontal array unit in the embodiment, the beams fed through the terminals 57, 58 and 59 and radiated from the radiating elements 1a-h via the transmission lines 16, 17 and d18 are Three multiple beams are formed corresponding to the set value of δ3. to 3-boat variable power phase shifter 26.

As shown in FIG. 5(f3), the variable power phase shifter 15e of FIG. By adjusting 961.1252 and φt y5z, the signal input from terminal 60 is distributed to three outputs corresponding to terminals 61 to 63 in the same way as in the first embodiment, and these three outputs are By controlling the amplitude or phase, radiation beam control including beam switching, arbitrary setting of the radiation power ratio for each beam, and beam scanning is performed on the horizontal radiation surface, and radiation beam control including beam scanning is performed on the vertical radiation surface. Control of the radiation beam including three beam scanning is possible. FIG. 2(B) is a block diagram of the second embodiment, in which horizontal array units 17-1 to 6 are shown.
teeth.

3-boat variable power phase shifters 26-1 to 6 corresponding to each other
and is coupled to the 3-boat variable power phase shifter 26-1 to 6μ vertical feed circuit 27. The signal inputted from the terminal 64 is branched into six signals having a predetermined amplitude and phase by the vertical feed circuit 27, and is fed to three variable power phase shifters 26-1 to 26-6, respectively. 3-boat variable power phase shifter 26-1 to 6 and horizontal array unit) 1
The operating force 8 is such that three multiple beams can be controlled through 7-1 to 7-6.

The above-mentioned Figure 2 (including the horizontal array unit 17 and the 3-boat variable power phase shifter 26 in AJ! This is a one-piece explanation)
This is obvious, and the basic principle is the same as that of the first embodiment. Of course, the second embodiment is similar to the first embodiment described above.

The first and second radiation surfaces are a vertical surface and a horizontal surface, respectively? :If you set it up, you can also configure a child scanning antenna.

FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention. As in the first and second embodiments described above, this corresponds to the case where a horizontal plane and a vertical plane are set as the first and second radiation surfaces, respectively. As a horizontal array unit, when forming N radiation beams, in Figure 1, m (m>1) horizontal array units) 47-1
-m are arranged along the vertical direction, and terminals 68-1 for power supply to each horizontal array unit. -1~N,
68-2-1 to 68-2-N, . Branch power supply circuit 41; j, n
(m>n>1.) N boat variable power phase shifters 43-1
-n beam control means 72 and terminals 67-1-1 to N
.

67-2-1~N, -, 67-n-1~N, and terminals 66 to N-boat variable power phase shifters 48-1~n.
-1 to n are connected to the vertical power supply circuit 45.

The signal input from the terminal 65 is transmitted to the vertical power supply circuit 4 by the same operating principle as in the first and second embodiments.
5 through n N boat variable power phase shifters 48-1 to n
'ff: Power is supplied to the included beam control means 72 with a predetermined imaging width distribution and phase distribution.

The signals are input to the branch power supply circuit 46 as n sets of signals.

The branch power supply circuit 46 uses a power branch circuit consisting of circuit elements including a hybrid circuit, a directional coupler, etc.
14, and outputs the above n sets of signals f m (, m>n) sets of signals, and outputs them as "11 horizontal array units 4".
7-1-m. In such a signal flow, in the N-boat variable power phase shifters 48-1 to 48-n,
By adjusting and controlling the amount of phase shift of each variable phase shifter, horizontal array unit) 4-7-1. -m via [
The operation process in which the N multiple radiation beams emitted from the 7th embodiment are controlled in the horizontal radiation plane and the vertical radiation plane is exactly the same as in the first and second embodiments. Further, in the third embodiment described above, the one-branch feeder circuit 46 has input and output terminals arranged along the bottom direction.

Pairs (7, m(m)n) of horizontal array units 47-1 to rr for n N boat variable power phase shifters 48-1 to n.
+(r) and the number of N-boat variable power phase shifters 48-1 to 48-n involved in controlling the radiation beam.

Although consideration has been given to reducing the number of horizontal array units used, this method is based on the power supply function along the vertical direction of the branch power supply circuit 46. Supply 'r4f, also added functions [~
And horizontal array unit 47-1. -171 (7)(
- It is also suitable for dealing with an increase in the number of radiating elements forming each. In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the r:L horizontal array unit is a transmission line type 7 shown in FIGS.
Although the entire radiation aperture is formed by applying a multi-radiation beam antenna in a 1-no-1 feeding system, the present invention is limited to applying the transmission line type multiple radiation beam antenna as a horizontal array unit. It is possible to apply all the multiple radiation beam antennas as horizontal array units, including the Rotman lens antenna using the lens method, the array aerial R1 using the Patler matrix method VC, etc. multiple radiation beams containing monopulsed radiation characteristics;
It is also possible to apply it as an agent. In addition, the third
In the embodiment, the first and second emitting surfaces are
[7] However, as mentioned above, the electron beam of the present invention also applies to the case where the first and second emission surfaces are the vertical plane and the horizontal plane, respectively. It is clear that a scanning antenna holds true.

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.

In this embodiment, the two radiation beams described in detail in the first embodiment are rotated in the entire horizontal plane to form the radiation aperture. In this case, the radar search is performed through radiation beam scanning by rotation in the horizontal plane of the radiation aperture 28 by forming equal level radiation beams 32 and 33 as shown in FIG. When an airspace of interest is scanned and a target is captured by a radar, each radiation beam can receive a reflected pulse signal from said target, compared to the case of a single radiation beam. It is possible to improve the data acquisition rate. In this case, since two radiation beams are used, there is a problem of uncertainty in measuring the direction of the 114 objects, but the countermeasure has already been clarified, and the contents are Patent Application No. 045884 1-Radio Wave Device”. Furthermore, even when the radiation beams 34 and 35 are formed at unequal levels as shown in FIG. An improvement in data acquisition rate can be expected.

Measurement of the orientation of the target object in this case"2, a means to deal with the uncertainty problem
-Radar method”. When forming radiation beams in either direction 30 or 31, as shown in FIG. Under the condition that the aperture efficiency of the radiation aperture 28 is effectively utilized by alternately switching in accordance with the rotation period of the antenna rotary table in the horizontal plane, the front T'll; 2
Data acquisition rates can be improved in the same way as with radiation beams. Moreover, unlike conventional antennas serving the same purpose, there is no need to install two array antennas on an antenna rotary table, and there is no need to provide a high-power circuit switch. That is, in the electronically controlled antenna of the present invention, the radiation beam including switching of the radiation beams, arbitrary setting of the radiation power ratio for each radiation beam, scanning of the radiation beams, etc. regarding %N multiple radiation beams! , control sound, can be realized by using a relatively small number of N-boat variable power phase shifters, and when f array antennas are installed on an antenna rotary table, as described above, IC + @ number of array antennas can be realized by using one It is also possible to eliminate the need for a high-power circuit switch.

As described in detail above, the electronically scanned antenna of the present invention requires % to form multiple radiation beams that conform to predetermined radiation beam control characteristics. The number of parts including the variable phase shifter for controlling the radiation beam has been significantly reduced, and the i! When the radiation aperture is rounded in a horizontal plane and rotated, the main part of the imaginary array antenna, which is required, can be reduced to one, and a high-power circuit switch is not required. 2. Economical.

Moreover, it has the effect of increasing reliability.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 and 2 are block diagrams of HH, 1 and 2 embodiments of the present invention, respectively, and FIGS.
FIG. 89 is a diagram showing beam control characteristics of a radiation beam. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram tTir of the variable "Fb' force phase shifter, and FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the third embodiment. In the figure, la
~h...radiating element, 2. 3. 16. 17.
18... Transmission line, 4 a-h, 5 a-h,
19 a-h, 20a-ll, 21 a-
h"・Directional coupler, 6. 7. 8a-h, 10, 2
2, 23, 24. 25a-h--Reflection-free termination, 9...
・180 degree hybrid coupling circuit. 11.12...Variable phase shifter, 13...90 degree hybrid coupling IEjl path, 14.14-1 to 6, 17.1
7-1~6.47-1--m...Horizontal array unit, 15°15-1~6...2 boat variable power phase shifter, 26.26-1~6... 3-port variable power phase shifter, 48-1~n...N Baud 1-iiJ variable power phase shifter, 16,27.45...Vertical power supply circuit, 28...
Radiation opening, 29...Front direction of radiation opening 28, 3
0,31. 37.38...Azimuth, 32,33,3
4,35. 36.3G', 39°40.41,42,
43.44... Radiation beam, 46... Branch feed 71 (
Circuit, 51-65.51-1-6, 52-1-6.53
-1~6.54-1~6,571~6゜58 1~6.
59 1-6. 60 1~6,61 1~6゜62
-1 to 6. fi3-1~6.66-]~n, 67-1
-1~N, F572-1~N, p67-n
-1~N, 68 1 1~N. 68-2-1~N, ・, 68-(n-1~N ・
--Terminal, 70-72 Beam control means. Agent/Patent Attorney Uchihara Ontajibu Un] (f3)-36- /A Is Z 5 Figure

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) a radiation aperture forming N(N) multiple radiation beams in a first radiation plane; switching of the radiation beams in the first radiation plane with respect to the multiple radiation beams; each radiation beam; Radiation beam control including arbitrary setting of the radiation power ratio and radiation beam scanning by forming an overlap of the radiation beams; 1. An electronic scanning antenna comprising beam control means having both a variable wealth distribution function and a phase control function for performing radiation beam control including radiation beam scanning in combination. (2) An electronic scanning antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the radiation aperture is rotated in a horizontal plane. (3) The first and second radiation surfaces correspond to a horizontal radiation surface and a vertical radiation surface, respectively, and the radiation apertures forming the N multiple radiation beams form a plurality of radiation beams arranged in a horizontal state. It is constructed by arranging M (M)1) horizontal array units each consisting of elements in the vertical direction, and the input terminal f/j of each of the M horizontal array units is connected to the input terminal of each of the M beam control means. The output terminals are connected to the input terminals vc of each of the M beam control means.
The li! of the patent claim is characterized in that power is supplied by fully coupling vertical power supply circuits having all M output terminals! An electronic scanning antenna according to item (1) or item (2) of the item (enclosure). (4) The first and second radiation surfaces correspond to a vertical radiation surface and a horizontal radiation surface, respectively (-1 the radiation surface () part that forms the multiplex radiation beam of N 4f/A is downwardly It is constructed by arranging M (M>1) vertical array units consisting of a plurality of arranged radiating elements along the horizontal direction, and the input terminal of each of the M vertical array units [M of the beams] Each output terminal of the control means is connected to each other, and a horizontal power supply circuit having M output terminals is coupled to each input terminal of the M beam control means to supply power. (
The electronic scanning antenna described in item 1) or item (2). (5) The beam control means includes a power divider that equally distributes the input signal, a pair of multiplex variable phase shifters connected to each output terminal of the power divider and controlled by an external signal, and the electronic A two-boat power phase shifter, which is equipped with a 90-degree hybrid coupling circuit that receives a pair of output signals from the variable phase shifter as input and takes out a pair of output signals, and has a pair of output terminals, is connected to the N variable phase shifter. Claims characterized in that (II-1) corresponding to multiple radiation beams are connected in cascade to form N output terminals corresponding to one input terminal. Clause (1), Clause (2),
The electronic scanning antenna according to item (3) or item (4).