JPS5947691A - Smoke sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a smoke detector that detects the generation of smoke within a smoke detection target area such as a building or a fire warning area, and in particular, a smoke detector that is capable of discriminating and detecting smoke generated due to a fire. This invention relates to a smoke detector that can be improved and used as a fire detection means for high-precision boxes in fire extinguishing equipment, fire extinguishing systems, and fire alarm systems.

Traditionally, smoke detectors have been provided by gods, and the detection principle is a photoelectric type that uses photoelectricity depending on the presence or absence of smoke, and a photoelectric type that uses the difference in phenomenon that occurs, and a photoelectric type that detects changes in ionic current that occur depending on the presence or absence of smoke. In the photoelectric type, a set of light-emitting elements and light-receiving elements are housed in a container, and when smoke flows into the container, the smoke particles are The scattered light method uses a light receiving element to detect the scattered light caused by the light emitting element, and the other uses a scattered light method in which the light emitting element and the light receiving element are placed at a certain distance, and if there is smoke between these pixels, the light will be transmitted from the light emitting element to the light receiving element. There are two types with transmitted light type that detect the presence of smoke by reducing the light level. Among these conventional smoke detectors, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 1339/1983 discloses a structure of a scattered light smoke detector that can detect smoke in the early stage of a fire with high sensitivity and quickly. A smoke detector in which an optical system is provided through a Kyusugi lens between a light emitting element and a light receiving element which are orthogonally arranged, and in which only a part of the wavelength range that does not include visible light is used for smoke detection light. is disclosed. This smoke detector does not require a complex labyrinth structure inside the detector container to prevent malfunctions caused by ambient light; therefore, smoke detection can be performed quickly at the initial installation stage in the event of a fire outbreak. On the other hand, even instantaneous, sharp smoke such as cigarette smoke can trigger smoke detection if it is intentionally sprayed onto a smoke detector, resulting in a false fire alarm. This may be inconvenient, and there is also a possibility that a false alarm may occur if an insect accidentally enters between the light emitting and light receiving elements. Therefore, there is a need for a smoke sensor (3) that can overcome these inconveniences and can quickly detect smoke generation in the early stages of a fire with high sensitivity. However, the smoke that accompanies a fire is generally instantaneous, large, and settles in the form of smoke clumps. B4. As a result of extensive research, the present inventor has succeeded in developing a smoke detector that satisfies the above requirements.

In other words, the object of the present invention is to be able to detect only the smoke generated due to the occurrence of a fire with high sensitivity, quickly, and with compassion, and to prevent the cost of products. It is an object of the present invention to provide a smoke detector having several configurations.

According to the present invention, in a smoke detector that detects the occurrence of smoke within the smoke detection target area 3'4, two smoke detectors are provided with a structure between them and detect the presence or absence of smoke generation for each human trigger. a transmitting circuit that alternately sends a trigger drive signal to the two sets of smoke detection units to cause the two sets of smoke detection units to perform detection operations alternately; When the unit receives a plurality of smoke detection signals alternately from both smoke detection units, it determines that there is a little smoke in the smoke detection area and issues a smoke detection signal. 41. A smoke detector is provided which is characterized in that it is comprised of a circuit.41. be done.

When the two sets of smoke detection units described above are installed separately and are operated alternately from a single oscillator, and the smoke detection signals from both units are detected alternately multiple times (3v
! Since a detection signal is generated, malfunctions caused by instantaneous smoke such as cigarette smoke can be reliably prevented, and only smoke associated with a fire outbreak can be identified and detected, and each smoke detection unit is activated alternately. Therefore, it is possible to obtain the effect of reducing power consumption. Moreover, the configuration in which two sets of units are operated by a single operating source can also have the effect of suppressing high costs. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a block circuit diagram for explaining the configuration and operating principle of the smoke detector according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a waveform diagram showing signal waveforms in the operation of the smoke detector, and Fig. 3 is the same smoke detector. The arrangement of trenches and smoke detectors is shown in several sections, not shown.

In FIG. 1, the smoke detector according to the invention has a single oscillator [4-path 2] pivoted by a source circuit 1 to an external or internal device. As shown in the figure, this oscillation circuit 2 has two pulse signals that send out two series of pulse signals whose phases are shifted from each other according to, for example, one oscillation source circuit and a rising signal and a falling signal in the pulse signal of this oscillation source circuit. This oscillation circuit 2 is formed with an oscillation circuit 9, and two sets of smoke detection units 6α and 3b are connected to this oscillation circuit 2. These two sets of smoke detection units 3α and 3b have the same internal configuration, and the first smoke detection unit 3a receives a pulse signal from one pulse circuit in the oscillation circuit 2 as a trigger opening signal. The first trigger circuit 31 and the trigger signal of the pulse train sent from the first trigger circuit 1 each time the trigger signal is generated.
A first light emitting element 32 that produces light emission, and this light emitting element 32
When the light emitted from tF"k is disturbed by the presence of smoke, the first light d1 receives the scattered light and generates an electrical signal. The amplifier circuit 33 has a first amplification circuit 33 which receives the VL electric signal and receives the voltage signal. When the trigger signal is input manually and lightning or air is received from the photoelectric element 34, the signal is reliably amplified and sent out from the output end.The second smoke detection unit 3b is also connected to the first smoke detection unit above. As stated in I'LL, it has the same configuration as the unit 3a, and therefore the trigger circuit 41 of the ig2 connected to the other pulse oscillation circuit of the 1st path 2 and the 2nd light emitting element. 42, a second optical object, an element 44, and a second amplifier circuit 45.These first and second fi4.+detection l+''5 units 3α,! After 1b j 'iJJ
There will be 5 separate sessions. That is, the discrimination time v()5
has two input terminals connected to the above-mentioned first and second trigger times 51.41, an OR gate 51 that creates and sends out a synchronized pulse signal from the output terminal, and the above-mentioned first and second triggers. Another OR gate 52 having two input terminals respectively connected to the output terminals of the first and second amplification circuits M33 and 43 in the smoke detection units 3α and 3h, and the above-mentioned OR gate) 5
The circuit includes an AND gate 53 having two input terminals connected to the output terminals of 1.52, respectively, and a counter circuit 54 connected to the output terminal of the AND gate 53. As will be described in detail later, this discrimination circuit 5 is constructed as a discriminating means for discriminating heavy oil-based and 114-shaped smoke associated with a fire outbreak from 11-dimensional and thin smoke such as cigarette smoke. There is. Therefore, the above or gate 52 has a small value of -1.
The second smoke detection units 3α, 3b and the smoke detection signal are inputted alternately, and the AND gate 56 at the subsequent stage is connected to the OR gate 51.
An output is formed by ANDing the synchronizing pulse from the AND gate 52 and the smoke detection signal from the OR gate 52, and this is input to the counter circuit 54. Moreover, the counter circuit 54 continuously receives a plurality of preset input signals from the AND gate 55. A circuit configuration is adopted that sends out a constant output signal as a smoke detection signal from its output end when it is sent out. In other words, even if only one of the first and second detection units 3a and 3b generates a smoke detection signal, it is still possible for the counter circuit 54 to generate a smoke detection signal. Counter circuit 54
The output, ie, the smoke detection signal, is supplied to the alarm circuit B to activate the alarm circuit 6. Therefore, the alarm circuit 6 is activated only when the smoke generated due to the occurrence of a fire is detected by the smoke detector according to the present invention. Alarm circuit 6
It is also possible to output the @ alarm signal to an external fire extinguishing system, and also to indicate the occurrence of a fire by sounding a buzzer or lighting a lamp. The signal waveforms (d) in the circuits and elements described above are as shown in FIG.

Next, the operation of the smoke detector of the present invention described above will be explained below.

Now, the smoke detector according to the present invention has a ui installed in the smoke detection target area.
When the activation circuit 2 is turned on, the trigger start signal is sent to the first and second trigger circuits 31 and 41 in the first and second smoke detection units 6α and 3h by the power supplied from the power supply circuit 1. output alternately. Now, when the first trigger circuit 31 receives the trigger activation signal, it sends the "4<IjjQ signal" to the amplifier circuit 33, and only at this time, power input is supplied from the power supply circuit 1 to the amplifier circuit 63.1
However, from the -th trigger circuit 31, the amplifier circuit 33
A trigger signal with a slight delay and a small width is sent to the light emitting element 32 than the ringing signal to the light emitting element 62.
emits light. Note that the light emitting element 32 may be formed of a normal light emitting diode. At this time, the signal width of the trigger manual signal for the light-emitting demon child 32 is configured to be held until the amplifier circuit 33 is stabilized.
The movable signal for 3 is formed so as to be connected with a slight delay from the movable signal. When smoke is generated as a result of a fire outbreak, the light beam emitted by the light emitting element 32 is scattered by smoke particles, and the scattered light is received by the light trap element 54.

When no smoke is generated, no scattered light is formed, so the photoelectric element 64 does not operate to receive light. When the photoelectric element 34 receives the scattered light and generates a smoke detection signal,
The smoke detection signal is input to an increment 'l'i+1 circuit 63.

The amplifier circuit 33 increases the smoke detection signal from the photoelectric element 34.
f, 11L, and is sent to the merge gate 52 of the discrimination circuit 5.

Then, this J detection signal) is further input to AND gate 56 via OR gate 52 . At this time, the AND gate 56 is further inputted via the ORKATE 51 with a PUKO signal input in synchronization with the trigger human signal from the TRINO j11:u tl < s 1.
An output is generated at the output end of the circuit, and this output is supplied to the colorator circuit 54 to count up.

On the other hand, the second trip circuit IM7i41 which receives the trigger signal llll1l from the oscillation circuit 2 also operates in the same manner as the first trigger circuit 61 described above, but since the trigger activation signal d is generated alternately by the oscillation path 2, The operation of the first and second trigger circuits 51.41 is accompanied by a deviation between lk'1. According to the operation of the second trigger rotation 141, the light emitting element 42, the photoelectric element 44, and the amplifier circuit 43 are also sequentially turned to the fth position (iij) in the same manner as in the fifth case of the above-mentioned first smoke detection unit) 3d. Now, the first and second smoke detection units 3α and 3b are spaced apart from each other by a distance rlj14 so that they cannot act on one or both of them at the same time, such as cigarette smoke.
Although the structure has a detailed layout i', the smoke accompanying the fire outbreak (d is constant and lumpy in terms of quantity, so the first smoke detection unit) 5a detects the smoke. In case, 2nd, 1, 1! Detection unit 3h was also calibrated in the same way. 7i'l, a smoke detection signal is also generated from the second smoke detection unit 3h, and at the discrimination time IW5, the counter circuit 54 synchronizes after counting up by one according to the smoke detection signal from the first smoke detection unit 3a. The count-up is activated again with a delay of the period of the pulse signal. After the smoke detection operation by the second smoke detection units x and b, the first smoke detection unit 3a again performs smoke detection operation according to the trigger activation signal from the oscillation circuit 2, and the counter circuit 54 of the discrimination circuit 5 performs a count-up operation again. .

In this way, when the counter circuit 54 performs a count-up operation, the counter circuit 54 generates a smoke detection signal at its output terminal when the counter circuit 54 performs a count-up operation five times in a row according to the tl1 period of the %4J1 Hals signal. The count up number has been set in advance. Therefore, when an output is generated from the counter circuit 54 of the discrimination circuit 5 due to the smoke detection operation of the first and second smoke detection units 3α and '5h, it is certain that smoke due to a disaster has occurred in the smoke detection target area. It is possible to determine something. The smoke detection signal generated from the counter circuit 54 of the discrimination circuit 5 is sent to the alarm circuit 6 as described above to cause the Wf alarm operation. In addition, in the above-mentioned configuration, the number of count-ups by the counter circuit 54 may be set by using the synchronization pulse signal, or by using the smoke detection signal of either smoke detection unit 3a or 6b. You can also set it by

Here, the first and second smoke detection units 3α and 6 described above are
As shown in FIG. 3, the separated arrangement structure of h is that a partition wall 62 is provided in a cylindrical container 61, two separate smoke chambers 65, 64 are provided in the container 61, and these smoke chambers 63. The first and second smoke detection units 3α, 5b may be arranged in the container 64, and the smoke inlet 65 may be formed in the outer peripheral wall of the container 61, for example, in a mesh shape. Further, a board 66 is arranged at the bottom of the container 61, and an electric means such as the discrimination circuit 5 is arranged on the inner surface of this board 66, and is attached to the ceiling surface of the smoke detection target area using the outer surface of the board 66. That's all there is to it. Also, after activation of the low-1 second smoke detection in the container) 3a, 3.6
When distributing u-1, it is necessary to install the i! Both detection units 5a and 3h may also respond to i4 in a dynamic manner.

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, two sets of separately installed smoke detection 1+X1 units are used, and when these units are alternately and continuously operated for a predetermined number of times, a smoke detection signal is detected. Because the sensor emits such light, it is insensitive to instantaneous and thin smoke such as cigarette smoke, and can only detect fields associated with fires that have a certain size or more of clumps.

Furthermore, malfunctions caused by noise can be avoided by using this operating principle. Furthermore, the light emitting element, photoelectric element, amplifier circuit, etc. are configured to receive power input or supply intermittently, and both smoke detection units operate alternately and do not operate simultaneously, resulting in less power consumption. , and since both units can be operated with a single power supply circuit and oscillation circuit, the cost reduction effect is significant.

In addition, the above-mentioned embodiment is based on the scattered light method, especially in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-13
Although an example has been described based on the use of the smoke detector disclosed in Publication No. 39, the invention is not limited to this, and the first and second smoke detection units may include well-known ionization type smoke detection elements. It should be understood that the objectives of the present invention can also be achieved using the following.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram 15 for explaining the configuration and operating principle of the smoke detector according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram showing signal waveforms in the operation of the smoke detector, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the arrangement structure of the detector and its installation in the smoke detection target area. t...power supply circuit, 2...oscillation circuit, 5α, 5h...
・First and second smoke detection units, 5...discrimination circuit, 6.
...Alarm circuit, 31.41...First and second Nidoriger same traces, 32.42...First and second light emitting elements, 55.43
...First and second amplifier circuits, 54.44...First and second photoelectric elements, 51.52...OR gate, 53...
AND gate, 54... counter circuit, 61...
container. Patent singer Nippon Fubiho! IJ Co., Ltd. Patent Application Agent Patent Attorney Akira Aoki Patent Attorney Kazuyuki Nishidate Patent Attorney Kyosuke Donakayama Patent Attorney Akiyuki Yamaguchi

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a smoke detector that detects smoke generation within a smoke detection target area, two sets of smoke detectors (++ unit, one transmitting circuit that alternately sends a trigger drive signal to the two sets of smoke detection units to cause the two sets of smoke detection units to perform detection operations alternately, and is connected to the two sets of smoke detection units. , a determination 1 [1 path] for determining that there is smoke in the smoke detection target area and emitting a smoke detection signal when multiple g smoke detection signals are received alternately and consecutively from both smoke detection units. 2. The smoke detector according to claim 1, comprising:
Each of the smoke detection units includes a trigger circuit connected to the oscillation circuit by 1y, a light emitting element that is activated by a trigger signal from the trigger circuit, and a light receiving element that receives scattered light from the light emitting element that is scattered by smoke. A smoke detector comprising: 3. A smoke detector according to claim 1 or 2, in which the two sets of smoke detection units, oscillation circuits, and discrimination circuits are housed in one common housing.