JPS594627B2 - air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention provides a pump type air conditioner that
At least two outdoor heat exchangers are installed, and when frost occurs on each outdoor heat exchanger during heating operation, high-pressure refrigerant from the compressor is selected for each outdoor heat exchanger without switching to reverse cycle cooling operation. The present invention relates to an air conditioner that prevents a significant decrease in heating capacity by defrosting air flowing into the air conditioner.

Generally, in a heat pump type air conditioner, during cooling operation, the outdoor heat exchanger radiates heat, and the indoor heat exchanger absorbs heat to cool the room, and during heating operation, the outdoor heat exchanger uses the heat exchanger to cool the room. It is configured to absorb heat and radiate it in the indoor heat exchanger to heat the room.

In conventional air conditioners, if frost forms on the outdoor heat exchanger during heating operation, the outdoor heat exchanger switches to reverse cycle cooling operation or heats the outdoor heat exchanger using a heating device such as an electric heater. Defrost the exchanger.

However, the former causes a drop in room temperature due to the blowing of cold air into the room, and the latter causes a significant increase in costs.
Ru.

With the above points in mind, this invention provides a plurality of outdoor heat exchangers, allows high-pressure refrigerant and low-pressure refrigerant to selectively flow into each outdoor heat exchanger, and when frosting occurs, each outdoor heat exchanger is provided with a plurality of outdoor heat exchangers. This invention is designed to defrost by selectively flowing high-pressure refrigerant from a compressor into the container.Next, this invention will be described in detail with reference to drawings showing embodiments thereof.

First, an explanation will be given with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, which show one embodiment.

1 is a compressor, 2 is a four-way valve that switches between the cooling cycle and the heating cycle, and 3 is an indoor heat exchanger for indoor heating and cooling, which functions as an evaporator during cooling and heats the room.

4 is the main pressure reducing device such as a capillary tube, 5 and 6 are the first
．． This is a second outdoor heat exchanger, which functions as a condenser during cooling and as an evaporator during heating.

Reference numeral 7 designates one switching valve inserted between one inlet and outlet of each of the outdoor heat exchangers 5 and 6, the details of which will be described later.

Reference numeral 8 denotes one switching valve 7 and the other Q switching valve having the same structure inserted between the respective other entrances and exits of both the outdoor heat exchangers 5 and 6;
9 is an auxiliary pressure reducing device such as a capillary tube installed in parallel with the other switching valve 8; 10 and 11 are connected on one side to one inlet/outlet of both outdoor heat exchangers 5 and 6, and on the other side connected to the four-way valve 2; The first pipe for defrosting is connected to the pipe to the indoor heat exchanger 3. The second electromagnetic on-off valve 12 is an achinium regulator located between the compressor 1 and the four-way valve 2.

Next, details of one of the switching valves 7 will be explained in degrees Celsius.

13 and 14 are the first switching valves that divide one switching valve 7 into three chambers 15, 16° and 17. The central chamber 15 is the second valve seat, and the four-way valve 2
The left valve chamber 16 is connected to one entrance and exit of the first outdoor heat exchanger 5 , and the right valve chamber 17 is connected to one entrance and exit of the second outdoor heat exchanger 6 .

18 and 19 are needle-shaped first valve chambers 18 and 19 provided in the left valve chamber 16 and the right valve chamber 17 so as to be slidable in the left-right direction.
The second valve body, 20.21, is the first valve body, respectively. second valve seat 13,
14 and 1st. It is a spring provided between the second valve bodies 18 and 19, and is the first and second electromagnetic on-off valve 10.1 for defrosting.
1, or the high-pressure refrigerant from the compressor 1 that has passed through the first . When the high-pressure condensed refrigerant from the second outdoor heat exchangers 5 and 6 flows into the left-hand valve chamber 16 or the right-hand valve chamber 17, the pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant causes the refrigerant to resist the springs 20 and 21. 1st
．． The second valve body 18.19 is the first valve body. Fitted into the second valve seats 13 and 14, the central chamber 15 and the left valve chamber 16 or the right valve chamber 1
7 is out of communication.

Note that, like the one switching valve 7, the other switching valve 8 is the first switching valve 7.
．． It is divided into three chambers 24°25.26 by the second valve seats 22 and 23, and the left valve chamber 24 is connected to the indoor heat exchanger 3 via the main pressure reducing device 4, the left valve chamber 25 and the right valve chamber 25. The valve chambers 26 are located in the first and second outdoor heat exchangers 5 and 6, respectively.
The left valve chamber 25 and the right valve chamber 26 are connected to the other entrance and exit port of the first valve chamber 25 and the right valve chamber 26, respectively. A second valve body 27, 28 and springs 29 and 30 are installed inside, and the operation is the same as that of one of the switching valves 7.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained.

During cooling, as shown in Figure 1, the first. The second electromagnetic on-off valves io and 1i are closed, and the four-way valve 2 causes the refrigerant to flow to the compressor 1° as shown by the solid arrow. One switching valve7. 1st. Second outdoor heat exchanger 5, 6. The other switching valve8. Main pressure reducing device 4゜Indoor heat exchanger 3. Four-way valve 2. The heat is circulated through the achinium reactor 12 and the compressor 1, and the heat is absorbed by the indoor heat exchanger 3. Second outdoor heat exchanger 5
, 6() releases heat and cools the room.

During heating, 1st. If frost has formed on the second outdoor heat exchangers 5 and 6 and the temperature is below ℃, the first and second solenoid valves 10 for defrosting
．． 11 is closed, and as shown in Figure 1, the four-way valve 2
As a result, the refrigerant flows into the compressor 1. as shown by the dashed arrow. Four-way valve 2. Indoor heat exchanger 3゜main pressure reducing device 4. The other switching valve8. 1st. Second outdoor heat exchanger 5, 6, one switching valve 7. Four-way valve 2° aquinium regulator 12. Compressor 1
The heat is absorbed by the first and second outside heat exchangers 5 and 6, and the heat is released by the indoor heat exchanger 3 to heat the room.

When frost forms on the first outdoor heat exchanger 5, as shown in FIG. It flows into the valve chamber 16 on the left side of one of the switching valves 7 and the first outdoor heat exchanger 5 through the first electromagnetic on-off valve 10 .

Due to the inflow of high-pressure refrigerant into the left valve chamber 16 of one of the switching valves 7, the first valve body 18 is fitted into the first valve seat 13 against the spring 20, and the central chamber 15 and the left valve chamber 16 and high-pressure refrigerant flows into the first outdoor heat exchanger 5, the first outdoor heat exchanger 5 acts as a condenser (releasing heat and removing heat from itself). Do frost.

Further, since the condensed refrigerant flowing out from the first outdoor heat exchanger 5 is at high pressure, the first valve body 27 of the other switching valve 8 fits into the first valve seat 22 against the spring 29, and the central chamber 24
The valve chamber 25 on the left side is out of communication with the valve chamber 25, and the condensed refrigerant flows into the second outdoor heat exchanger 6 through the auxiliary pressure reducing device 9.

On the other hand, the high-pressure refrigerant from the compressor 1 that has flowed into the indoor heat exchanger 3 is transferred to the indoor heat exchanger 3. It flows into the other switching valve 8 through the main pressure reducing device 4, and since the first valve body 27 is fitted into the first valve seat 22, the central chamber 24 of the other switching valve 8. The refrigerant from the auxiliary pressure reducing device 9 passes through the right valve chamber 26 and flows into the second outdoor heat exchanger 6 .

Then, the evaporative refrigerant flowing out from the second outdoor heat exchanger 6 is transferred to the right side of one of the switching valves 7 because the first valve body 18 of one of the switching valves 7 fits into the first valve seat 13. Valve chamber 17. Central chamber 15° four-way valve 2. Flows into the compressor 1 through the accumulator 12.

With the refrigerant cycle described above, the first outdoor heat exchanger 5
After defrosting is completed, the first electromagnetic on-off valve 10 for defrosting is closed and normal heating operation is resumed.

Furthermore, when frost forms on the second outdoor heat exchanger 6, the second electromagnetic on-off valve 11 for defrosting is opened in the same manner as in the case of the first outdoor heat exchanger 5. The high-pressure refrigerant flows into the right valve chamber 17 of one of the switching valves 7 and the second outdoor heat exchanger 6 through the second electromagnetic on-off valve 11 for defrosting, and the second valve of one of the switching valves 7 When the body 19 is fitted into the second valve seat 14, the second outdoor heat exchanger 6 acts as a condenser (and releases heat and defrosts itself). Since the second valve body 28 fits into the second valve seat 23 , the condensed refrigerant that has flowed out of the second outdoor heat exchanger 6 flows into the first outdoor heat exchanger 5 through the auxiliary pressure reducing device 9 .

On the other hand, the low pressure refrigerant from the main pressure reducing device 4 is transferred to the other switching valve 8.
Because the second valve body 28 fits into the second valve seat 23,
It passes through the valve chamber 25 on the left side of the central chamber 24° of the other switching valve 8, joins the low-pressure refrigerant from the auxiliary pressure reducing device 9, and is hereafter referred to as the first
Outdoor heat exchanger 5° Valve chamber on the left side of one switching valve 7 6. Central chamber 15. Four-way valve 2. It flows into the compressor 1 through the accumulator 12.

With the refrigerant cycle described above, the second outdoor heat exchanger 6
After defrosting is completed, the second electromagnetic on-off valve 11 for defrosting is closed and normal heating operation is resumed.

Therefore, in the above embodiment, the first. When frost forms on the second outdoor heat exchangers 5 and 6, the high-pressure refrigerant from the compressor 1 can be selectively transferred to the first heat exchanger by simply operating the defrosting electromagnetic on-off valves 10 and 110. can flow into the second outdoor heat exchangers 5, 6, and can selectively defrost the first and second outdoor heat exchangers 5, 6. There is no need to switch to cooling operation, and there is no significant reduction in heating capacity.

Furthermore, the liquid backflow to the compressor 1 when defrosting is released can be significantly reduced, and the reliability of the compressor 1 can also be improved.

Next, FIG. 3 showing another embodiment will be explained.

The above embodiment is a case in which two outdoor heat exchangers are used, but in the case where three outdoor heat exchangers are used, one of the inlets and exits of each outdoor heat exchanger 31, 31, and 310 is connected to one side in the same manner as described above. , and connect the other inlet/outlet of each outdoor heat exchanger 31, 31, 31 to the other switching valve 8.
, 8 and auxiliary pressure reducing devices 9, 9, and each other switching valve 8, 8 is connected to the indoor heat exchanger 3 via the main pressure reducing device 4, Heat exchanger 31.3
1 and 31 are connected to piping from the four-way valve 2 to the indoor heat exchanger 3 via respective electromagnetic on-off valves 32, 32, and 32 for defrosting, respectively. 3L3L
The high-pressure refrigerant from the compressor 1 can freely flow into 31.

The structure and operation of each switching valve 7, 7 and 8, 8 are the same as those of the switching valve 7, 8 described above.

Therefore, in the above embodiment, when frost occurs on the outdoor heat exchanger 31, 31, 31 during heating operation at ℃ , by operating the switching valves 7, 7 and 8, 8, the high-pressure refrigerant from the compressor 1 selectively flows into each outdoor heat exchanger 31, 31, 31 to function as a condenser, Outside heat exchanger 3
By performing defrosting at a temperature of 1.31°C, stable heating operation can be performed without causing a significant decrease in heating capacity.

Furthermore, when configuring the outdoor heat exchanger with four, the fourth
As shown in the figure, each outdoor heat exchanger 33
．． 33.330 Each one of the inlets and outlets is connected to each one of the switching valves 7,7.
, 9 in parallel circuit with each outdoor heat exchanger 3.
At 3.33° 33.33, the refrigerant from the compressor 1 is selectively allowed to flow in by electromagnetic on-off valves 34, 34, 34 for defrosting, respectively.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, two outdoor heat exchangers 3
3 into a pair, and each outdoor heat exchanger 33, 33
and 33. Each inlet/outlet of 33 is connected to one switching valve 7 and 7, and to both ends of a parallel circuit of the other switching valve 8 and 8 and auxiliary pressure reducing devices 9 and 9, and each electromagnetic opening/closing valve for defrosting. 34, 34, 34, 34, the high pressure refrigerant from the compressor 1 may be selectively allowed to flow into each outdoor heat exchanger 33.33, 33, 33.

Furthermore, when configuring five outdoor heat exchangers, the sixth
As shown in the figure, two outdoor heat exchangers 35.35 and 3
The outdoor heat exchanger 35, 35° is divided into 2 tables, and as described above, each outdoor heat exchanger 35 .35
and 35°35.35, high-pressure refrigerant from the compressor 1 and low-pressure refrigerant from the main pressure reducing device 4 are selectively allowed to flow in.

Therefore, the switching valves 7, 8. By configuring the auxiliary pressure reducing device 9° defrosting electromagnetic on-off valves 10, 11, 32, 34, 36 as described above, any number of outdoor heat exchangers 5,
6, 31, 33, and 35, high-pressure refrigerant and low-pressure refrigerant can be selectively flowed into the refrigerants 6, 31, 33, and 35, and defrosting during heating operation can be performed without causing a significant decrease in heating capacity, resulting in stable heating operation. can be done.

As described above, the air conditioner of the present invention includes at least two outdoor heat exchangers of a heat pump type refrigeration cycle, and one inlet/outlet of both outdoor heat exchangers is connected to a switching valve, and The other inlet and outlet of both outdoor heat exchangers are connected via an auxiliary pressure reducing device for defrosting,
The first one for defrosting when defrosting. By alternately switching the second solenoid valve, the defrosting refrigerant is selectively introduced into each outdoor heat exchanger so that one acts as a condenser and the other as an evaporator. It is possible to selectively defrost the outdoor heat exchanger without running the cooling cycle, and the heating capacity range during defrosting can be arbitrarily selected. In addition, the liquid back to the compressor when defrosting is released can be significantly reduced, the reliability of the compressor can be improved, and stable operation can be performed.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the air conditioner of the present invention, and FIGS. 1 and 2 are piping diagrams of one embodiment. 3 No figure/Shi No. 6
The figures are piping diagrams of other embodiments. 1... Compressor, 2... Four-way valve, 3... Indoor heat exchanger, 4... Main pressure reducing device, 5, 6, 31, 33, 35
... Outdoor heat exchanger, 7... Switching valve, 9... Auxiliary pressure reducing device, 10.11.32, 34, 36... Solenoid shut-off valve, 13.14, 22, 23... Front seat , 15... Central chamber, 16.17... Valve chamber, 18.19... Valve body.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger installed in parallel, a main pressure reducing device, and an indoor heat exchanger are connected in sequence to form a heat pump refrigeration cycle, and one of the high-pressure refrigerants from the compressor is used during heating. A first section is led out as a defrosting refrigerant and branched out, and a first section for defrosting is connected to the branch path. A second electromagnetic on-off valve is provided, and an opposing first solenoid valve is provided. A second valve seat, a valve chamber located on both left and right sides of the valve seat, and a first valve chamber housed within the valve chamber, respectively. The defrosting refrigerant pressure is received by the opening operation of the second electromagnetic on-off valve. The first valve seat alternately blocks the second valve seat. A switching valve consisting of a second valve body is connected across one entrance and exit of the outdoor heat exchanger, and a central chamber between the valve seats of the switching valve is connected to the four-way valve, and the switching valve is connected to the four-way valve. The other inlet and outlet of the exchanger are connected through an auxiliary pressure reducing device for defrosting, and the first inlet and outlet for defrosting are connected at the time of defrosting. By alternately switching the second solenoid valves, the defrosting refrigerant is selectively introduced into each of the outdoor heat exchangers so that one acts as a condenser and the other as an evaporator, and the refrigerant is supplied to the compressor via the switching valve. An air conditioner characterized by being returned.