JPS5945915B2 - heat medium - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a heat medium that has good fluidity and a large heat capacity.

Generally, the heat medium used in heat exchangers and heat storage devices is a fluid heat medium made of a single substance, and it is impossible to solidify this fluid through a closed flow path at a temperature below.

For this reason, there is a limit to the amount of heat transfer per unit weight that can be achieved by circulating this heat medium.

Therefore, the present invention aims to dramatically exceed the limit of the heat capacity that can be held by the conventional medium-heavy heat medium, and to downsize the related heat exchangers, heat storage devices, and attached devices. The aim is to provide a heat medium that makes this possible.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a flow path for circulating the heat medium of the present invention, and when simply transferring heat, it should be a poor conductor of heat, and the heat medium around the flow path 1 and the heat When exchanging, use a good conductor of heat.

2 is a tough yet elastic sealed shell capsule made of a good thermal conductor.

3 is an internal substance filled and sealed in the capsule 2.

The capsule 2ζ filled with the internal substance 3 and sealed will be referred to as the thermal substance 4.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a transport body that contains and transports the plurality of thermal substances 4 described above.

The thermal medium 6 of the present invention is formed by a large number of solid thermal substances 4 and the carrier 5.

Next, the physical properties of each of the internal substance 3, capsule 2, thermal substance 4, conveyance substance 5, and thermal medium 6 described above are defined in the relationships described below.

Now, the specific heat of the capsule is C2, the specific gravity is γ2, the constituent weight is 2) the specific heat of the internal substance, C3 is the specific gravity, and γ3 is the constituent weight.

The specific heat of the thermal substance is C4 The specific gravity is γ4 The constituent weight is ω4 The specific heat of the conveying substance is C6 The specific gravity is γ5 The constituent weight is also] 5 The specific heat of the heating medium is C6 The specific gravity is γ6 The constituent weight is ω6, γ4 Kiγ5 Muγ6
The relationship between

This is a condition for the thermal substance 4 to be included in the instep of the conveying substance 5 and to be in the flow path so that the thermal substance 4 can flow well without being spread out.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the freezing point Ts (
The condition that T s (freezing point of internal substance 3) < TB (boiling point of conveying substance 5) is such that the conveying substance 5 can contain the solidified internal substance 3 and convey it together.

Here, T is the temperature of the heat medium 6 when it is low, and T2 is the temperature when it is high. Setting T2<TB means that the discharged substance 5 is not vaporized, and therefore buoyancy is applied to the thermal substance 4. This is a condition that allows for easy transportation.

Then, remove the internal substance 3 from M3! If the latent heat of decomposition, M6 is the latent heat of fusion of the heating medium 6 containing the internal substance 3, and C6 is the specific heat, then the specific heat of the heating medium, C6-(ω2・C2+ω3・C3+ω5
・C5)/(ω2+ω, +ω5)・・・(1) Latent heat of fusion of heat medium, M6=(ω3/(ω2+ω3+ω5)
)M3...(2)

The heat transfer amount when the heat medium 6 of the present invention having the above configuration is used as a low-temperature heat medium to transfer heat from T1 temperature to T2 temperature, that is, the heat capacity possessed by the heat medium 6 per unit weight. Q6 can be calculated using the following formula.

Heat capacity Qa-(T2 Tl)・C possessed by the heat medium
6+M6...(3) Also, the heat capacity of a conventional heat medium in which the heat medium is a single substance, for example, only the carrier substance 5, has a heat capacity Q5= ('J'', -T,)・C6... ...It is obtained by (4).

This will be explained by giving an example of the heating medium 6 and the conveying substance 5 of the present invention.
The heat capacity Q6 with the conventional heat medium formed by
If the capsule 2 is made of aluminum, the specific heat C2 = 0, 214''/'' (J, g Specific gravity γ2 = 2.71 g/Sakaki constituent weight ω2-1 g If the internal substance 3 is fresh water) C,,=1.00 γ3-100
ω, = 2.28 If the transport substance 5 is a saline solution containing 13.6% salt, C =
0.86 γ, -1. ．． 1.0 ω, -3.28.

Freezing point of the above saline 'rs --10,'4°C Boiling point T
B-=105°C Also, the latent heat of fusion M of fresh water, which is the internal substance 3, is 80 cal/, and the heat medium 6 of the above example is T1-
The amount of heat transfer when heat is transferred from -5°C to T2=25°C is determined.

From formula (1), the specific heat C6 of this heat medium is: C6-(3,28X0.86+2.28X 1.0+1
X O, 214)/(3,28+2.28+1.0)=
0.18 ('', /' (3,) From equation (2), the latent heat of fusion M6 of this heat medium is M6-(2,
2s/(3,28+2.28+1.0) )X80=2
7.80 (''/g) From equation (3), the thermal energy Q6 held by this heat medium between T1 and T2 is Q6 = (25-(-5))Xo, 81 + 27.80-5
2.1 (''/ , ) On the other hand, when saline water, which is the transport substance 5, is used as a heat medium, the thermal energy Q6 held by this heat medium between T1 and T2 is (4
) From the formula, C5-(25-(-5))Xo, 86 = 25.8(''/).

Therefore, in the range of temperature T, ~T2, approximately Q6K2C
5, the heat medium according to the present invention can have approximately twice the heat capacity as compared to the conventional heat medium.

Similarly, it is also possible to make the vaporization (latent) heat of the internal substance part of the heat capacity of the heat medium.

As explained above, the present invention forms a sealed shell-shaped capsule with a good thermal conductor, fills the capsule with a single internal substance having a freezing point within the heat transfer temperature range of the carrier fluid that transports the capsule, and seals the capsule. A large number of the capsules are suspended in a carrier fluid having a specific gravity approximately equal to that of the capsules, and heat transfer is performed at a temperature above the freezing point of the carrier fluid and below the boiling point of the carrier fluid. Even if the internal substances are solidified, the carrier fluid will not solidify, so
This can be made to flow smoothly along the flow path without any hindrance, and the latent heat (heat of fusion/heat of solidification) due to the phase change of the internal substance inside the capsule can be added to the heat capacity of the carrier fluid to the heat transfer. , the heat exchanger, the heat storage device, and the equipment attached thereto can be downsized.

In addition, since the specific gravity of the capsule filled with the internal substance and the specific gravity of the carrier fluid are approximately equal, the capsules do not sink or float in the carrier fluid and are unevenly distributed, and have good fluidity. Since the material is a good conductor of heat, heat transfer properties are improved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of the heat medium of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the temperature and physical state of the heat medium of the present invention. 2...Capsule, 3...Internal substance, 4
...Thermal substance, 5...Transported substance, 6...
...Heating medium.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A sealed shell-shaped capsule is formed from a good thermal conductor, and the capsule is filled and sealed with a single internal substance whose freezing point is within the heat transfer temperature range of the carrier fluid that conveys the capsule, and the capsule has a specific gravity approximately equal to that of the capsule. A heating medium characterized in that a large number of the capsules are suspended in a carrier fluid, and heat transfer is performed at a temperature above the freezing point of the carrier fluid and below the boiling point of the carrier fluid.