JPS59458A - Waterproofing of air permeable sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a waterproof sheet having a resin layer reinforced with a glass fiber mat and a non-woven fabric on one side of the resin layer, and the surface of the building and the non-woven fabric of the waterproof sheet so that the non-woven fabric acts as a ventilation layer. By pasting the sides with adhesive and opening a portion of the waterproof layer to the atmosphere, water vapor pressure and expansion air pressure that cause blistering of the waterproof sheet are removed to the outside (preventing the occurrence of 27 blisters). This relates to the sheet waterproofing method.

Conventionally, asphalt roofing and asphalt waterproofing methods have been used to waterproof building structures, but in recent years, with the development of polymer chemistry, waterproofing sheets made of polymer materials such as synthetic resins and synthetic rubber have been used. have been developed, and in the case of asphalt waterproofing, attempts are being made to improve the waterproofing performance by using these polymeric substances in combination with roofing materials, asphalt, etc. used therein. However, improved waterproof performance leads to a decrease in moisture permeability and breathability, and waterproof sheets made of synthetic rubber, etc., which have excellent waterproof properties, have almost no moisture permeability or breathability. . In waterproofing buildings made of ordinary concrete, etc., the moisture permeability and air permeability of this waterproof sheet are one of the very important issues. It also prevents the evaporation and release of volatile components generated from organic solvents contained in the adhesive used in the construction of the waterproof sheet, resulting in severe blistering on the waterproof sheet. This blistering part is inevitably subject to expansion and contraction due to the temperature cycle of the outside air, which significantly reduces the durability of the tarpaulin sheet, and if this continues, it also reduces the waterproof performance and also worsens the appearance. It is something.

Although the mechanism behind the occurrence of 7 fringing in a tarpaulin sheet has not yet been elucidated, the following may be considered.

First, there is an unbonded area between the base concrete etc. and the waterproof sheet, and this is due to the following:
Possible causes include air trapped between the base surface and the waterproof sheet during construction of the waterproof sheet, unevenness of the base surface, and the presence of areas where adhesive has not been applied.

In addition, even if complete construction is performed, cracks in the base layer, shrinkage of the waterproof sheet and base layer due to changes in temperature, etc., and misalignment of the joint between the two layers due to differences in expansion properties may cause peeling of the waterproof sheet and base layer. There is.

Second, volatile components such as moisture, water vapor, and organic solvents contained in the adhesive gather in the unbonded area, causing blisters due to the high temperature between the base surface and the waterproof sheet due to sunlight during the day. Becomes an energy source. In addition, regarding moisture and water vapor that cause blisters, it is said that the excess moisture in concrete at the time it is normally poured is about 7096, but this decreases to about 35% after six months. Considering the drying speed of concrete,
In the current situation where the period from concrete pouring to waterproof sheet construction has been considerably shortened, there is a high possibility that a considerable amount of excess moisture remains even in fairly dry concrete buildings. Also, make sure that the concrete or mortar is sufficiently dry before starting construction, and check the indoor and outdoor temperatures,
The presence of moisture is unavoidable because it is highly conceivable that dew condensation may occur inside the structure due to changes in humidity, especially between the waterproof sheet and the underlying surface.

Thirdly, even if pressure increases between the waterproof sheet and the base, if the waterproof sheet has a tensile strength that can withstand the pressure, blisters will not occur. However, the currently used asphalt menstrual waterproofing method, rubber sheet waterproofing method,
In any of the synthetic polymer coating waterproofing methods, it is difficult to imagine the tensile strength of metals.

In order to prevent the above-mentioned blisters from occurring, we placed ventilation and felt with unique watsufuru-shaped ventilation grooves on the base layer, and then applied laminated waterproofing on top of that, allowing air to flow between the base and the waterproof layer. There is a construction method in which a flow path is provided to remove water vapor pressure, which causes blisters, to the outside from an open part at the end of the waterproof layer (public notice 1982-22332, publication 1984-35918). However, when this construction method was used, the ventilation layer and the waterproof layer were not integrated, making construction time-consuming and labor-intensive.

Also, by forming various uneven grooves on the surface of the waterproof sheet in advance,
A method has been proposed in which the water vapor pressure is alleviated by using these uneven grooves (Publication 1985-25985, Public Notice 1984-
9415), it is difficult to do so in such a way that the uneven grooves are not filled with adhesive, and there is a possibility that some areas may be sealed by the adhesive, causing blisters.

Furthermore, the adhesive mixed into the grooves is wasted, so it cannot be said that this is a preferable construction method. Furthermore, there is a construction method that prevents the occurrence of blisters by inserting a breathable sintered body or pipe into the base layer in advance and opening the end to the outside air (Public Notice 1984-40502, Public Notice 1982-1982). 4
012),+In such cases, the breathable layer does not cover the entire waterproof layer, and blisters may occur in some areas.

In addition, special treatment must be applied to the base surface, and construction requires special techniques and time.

Although various methods for preventing blistering have been considered in the waterproofing industry, no rational waterproofing method has yet been developed. The waterproofing construction method according to the present invention solves this problem, and the purpose of the present invention is to have excellent waterproofness, good ventilation and moisture permeability, and increase the tensile strength of the waterproof layer itself. The present invention relates to a waterproofing method for preventing the occurrence of blisters, and another object of the present invention is to provide an efficient waterproofing method that shortens the number of days required for waterproofing.

That is, the present invention increases the tensile strength of the tarpaulin sheet by inserting a glass fiber mat into the resin layer of the tarpaulin sheet, and attaches the sheet-like waterproofing material having a non-woven fabric to the back side, the surface to be installed on the structure, to concrete using an adhesive. , a waterproof layer is created by pasting a non-woven fabric to a workpiece made of cement mortar, etc. so as to act as a ventilation layer, and a part of the end of this waterproof sheet is exposed to the atmosphere to prevent blistering. This is a sheet waterproofing method for building structures.

To explain the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, first, the waterproof sheet used in the present invention, as shown in FIG. The construction method is to apply an adhesive to a base concrete or cement mortar 5, press it onto the adhesive layer 4, and expose a part of the end of this waterproof sheet to the atmosphere at the rising part. It is characterized by being open to the public. As shown in Fig. 3, the specific method for opening the atmosphere is to attach the nonwoven fabric 3 close to the rooftop roof drain, insert the cylindrical sheet 10 into the roof drain from above, and then attach the cylindrical sheet 10 and the frame 5. When using a rooftop roof drain that opens to the atmosphere between the roof and the roof, or as shown in Figure 4, the end of the waterproof sheet with non-woven fabric is raised and the 11 holding fittings are used to prevent rainwater from flowing in. 3
There are construction methods that use special techniques for end treatment to form a continuous state between the nonwoven fabric and the atmosphere, but in either case, construction is extremely simple. Furthermore, to explain the properties and effects of the materials used, the sheet-like resin layer 1 used in the present invention may be made of vinyl chloride, vulcanized butyl rubber, unvulcanized butyl rubber, acrylic rubber, ethylene vinyl acetate, etc. In particular, vinyl chloride produced by a paste method has excellent adhesion to glass fiber mats and is the most suitable material. In addition, the insertion of glass fiber mat improves the dimensional stability of the tarpaulin sheet, and exhibits excellent performance in terms of durability and weather resistance. This fire-resistant vinyl chloride waterproof sheet is highly flexible and exhibits good workability. In particular, it can be easily installed in areas that are traditionally difficult to work with, such as around rooftop structures. or,
The sheets can be joined by heat welding, and are characterized by excellent watertightness and good workability.

The thickness of the non-woven fabric 3 is desirably between 5 mm and 5.0 mm; if the thickness is thinner than 0.5 mm, uniform and good air permeability cannot be obtained, and furthermore, the air permeability is significantly reduced due to the impregnation of the adhesive. Become. On the other hand, if the thickness is greater than 5.0III11, there is no particular problem as a waterproof sheet, but the sheet is not suitable for places such as rooftops where people walk on it. Non-woven fabric materials include vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, acrylic, polyester,
Polyamide-based, polyolefin-based, etc. materials are used, and preferred are those that have air permeability, water resistance, and alkali resistance.

Various methods can be considered for joining the sheet-like resin layer l and the nonwoven fabric 3, such as welding and adhesion with adhesive, but the energy that causes blistering (water vapor pressure, etc.)
As a durable bonding method, thermal welding is suitable.

In addition, thermal welding is the best method for providing excellent water resistance and alkali resistance. There are no particular regulations regarding the adhesive used to bond the waterproof sheet and the base layer, but there are many advantages to using an epoxy adhesive that can bond even when the base is wet, such as shortening the construction period and ease of construction.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 4 are cross-sectional views showing an embodiment of the waterproofing method according to the present invention.
This is an example of a case where this waterproof sheet is installed on top of a roof, etc. In addition, Fig. 3 shows an example of a deaeration method around the rooftop roof drain, and Fig. 4 shows an example of a deaeration method at the rising terminal. 3: Non-woven fabric, 4: Adhesive, 5: Base material such as concrete IJ-t or cement mortar, 6: Waterproofing material, 7: Strainer,
8: Presser spring plate, 9: Welded part, 10: Cylindrical sheet for drain, l 1. @@: Presser fitting, 12 two-hole anchor,
13 Nijiring agent patent applicant name Toagosei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A waterproof sheet having a resin layer having a glass fiber mat layer as a reinforcing material in the intermediate layer and a non-woven fabric layer on the surface to be bonded to the building, with an adhesive so as to leave voids in the non-woven fabric layer. By attaching the tarpaulin sheet to the structure and opening a portion of the tarpaulin terminal to the atmosphere, a state of ventilation is created between the tarpaulin sheet and the building, thereby preventing the occurrence of blistering of the tarpaulin sheet. A breathable sheet waterproofing method featuring: 2. The breathable sheet waterproofing construction method according to claim 1, wherein the resin layer of the waterproof sheet is made of vinyl chloride, and the resin layer and the nonwoven fabric layer are bonded by heat welding.