JPS594450Y2 - lead acid battery - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the idea] This invention relates to an explosion-proof structure for lead-acid batteries.

Lead-acid batteries generate gas (detonation air) due to water decomposition when overcharged.

This gas is emitted to the outside of the battery through the exhaust port provided on the liquid port plug, etc. However, if sparks fly near the exhaust port due to carelessness during handling, etc., the exhaust gas will ignite and cause the battery to ignite. There is a high risk of internal fire and explosion.

Particularly in recent years, automotive lead-acid batteries have become maintenance-free, and are equipped with explosion-proof filters made of synthetic resin or ceramic in the exhaust section to prevent electrolyte loss and improve safety. However, explosion-proof filters are expensive, so even if the lead-acid battery has 6 cells, a centralized exhaust structure is used so that only one or two explosion-proof filters are needed.

In this case, the amount of exhaust gas per exhaust port increases, so even if the explosion-proof filter itself has an excellent explosion-proof effect, if the gas that has passed through the explosion-proof filter is ignited by an external spark, the gas will ignite. The combustion will continue to generate flames, and if the explosion-proof filter is made of synthetic resin, the filter itself will burn; if the filter is made of ceramic, the synthetic resin of the filter support will burn, and in either case, the burned area This has the drawback that flame can enter the inside of the battery case, leading to an explosion.

The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks, and is equipped with a flame extinguisher in the area outside the upper space inside the storage battery where the battery elements are housed. By providing an explosion chamber and integrally connecting the small explosion chamber and the upper space inside the storage battery through a narrow gap of sufficient length, the battery can be safely prevented from being damaged by explosion without using an expensive explosion-proof filter. The purpose is to provide lead-acid batteries with high performance.

Generally, as shown in Figure 1, a container containing explosive gas is separated into two chambers 2 and 2' by a narrow gap 1 made of a thin metal tube, etc., and the gas in chamber 2 is ignited by an electric spark. Regarding the prevention of flame escape into the chamber 2' through the narrow gap 1 when ignited by the device 3, the maximum permissible limit for the gap size G of the narrow gap has been experimentally determined with respect to the depth of the narrow gap 1. It is well known that there exists a flame escape limit, and this is called the flame escape limit.According to German explosion protection regulations, the dangers of flammable gases and vapors are classified according to the flame escape limit and ignition temperature. .

The explosion gas generated from the lead-acid battery can be prevented from igniting inside the lead-acid battery 4 by the narrow gap 1 as shown in FIG. The room 2 in FIG.

In such a case, when the gas is ignited with the ignition device 3,
The gas continues to burn at the outlet of the narrow gap 1, and eventually the case of the lead-acid battery 4 supporting the narrow gap 1 is deformed by the heat of combustion, ignites the inside of the case, and causes an explosion.

As shown in FIG. 3, the present invention provides a small explosion chamber 5 at the tip of the narrow gap 1, and when an external flame propagates to the gas inside the small explosion chamber 5, an explosion occurs. It is characterized by providing a flame blowout port 6 that is narrow enough to blow out the flame by forcefully blowing out the gas toward the outside.

The gas generated from the lead-acid battery 4 is led to the small explosion chamber 5 through the narrow gap 1, and further passes through the flame blower port 6 to be dissipated into the atmosphere.

The inside of the small explosion chamber 5 accumulates gas at a considerably higher concentration than the outside.

Here, sparks fly outside the flame extinguisher 6 and the flame extinguisher 6
When the gas released from the explosion chamber 5 is ignited, the flame rapidly propagates to the gas inside the small explosion chamber 5, the pressure inside the small explosion chamber 5 rises instantaneously, an explosion sound is emitted, and a small explosion occurs.

This small explosion of gas will forcefully blow out from the flame extinguishing port 6 to the outside, blowing out the flame and stopping the small explosion, but the small explosion chamber 5 itself will not be damaged and the gas will blow out. released.

Therefore, the gas does not continue to burn at the flame outlet 6 or the outlet of the narrow gap 1, and even if sparks fly continuously, the exhaust gas will only repeat small explosions in pulses, each time. If the flame is extinguished and the sparks stop producing, the small explosion will stop and the gas will no longer continue to burn.

An example of the present invention is shown in FIG.

The exhaust gas from three cells of a six-cell lead-acid battery 4 passes through a narrow gap 1 (in this case, a thin tube) of sufficient length that communicates with the upper space inside the battery that houses battery elements consisting of electrode plates and an electrolyte. The flame is then led to a small explosion chamber 5 which has flame blowing ports 6 integrally provided on the left and right sides of the outside of the battery case.

The flame blowing outlet 6 has a narrowed shape to the extent that when external flame propagates to the gas in the small explosion chamber 5, a small explosion occurs and the gas is vigorously jetted outward to blow out the flame. Therefore, the flame did not continue to burn at the flame outlet 6 or the outlet of the narrow gap 1, and the battery did not explode or break at all.

As mentioned above, the present invention enables highly safe lead-acid batteries with a better and more reliable explosion-proof structure that prevents continuous combustion of gas generated from inside lead-acid batteries without using an explosion-proof filter. The fact that it can be obtained at a low price has great practical value.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a diagram explaining the principle of the flame escape limit of explosive gas, Figure 2
The figure is an explanatory diagram of the principle of the flame escape limit of gas generated from a lead-acid battery, FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the explosion-proof principle of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a plan explanatory diagram showing an example of the lead-acid battery of the present invention. 1 is a narrow gap, 4 is a lead-acid battery, 5 is a small explosion chamber, 5 is a small explosion chamber, and 6 is a flame blower.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A small explosion chamber is provided outside the upper space of the storage battery in which the battery elements are housed, and is equipped with a flame extinguisher to cause the gas generated by the battery to explode in a small way, producing only an explosion sound but not causing any damage. A lead-acid battery that is formed by integrally connecting the upper space inside the storage battery with a narrow gap of sufficient length.