JPS5942926B2 - super high frequency switch - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention uses an ultra-high frequency switch, particularly a mechanical switching means that does not use an electronic device such as a transistor or a diode, and can reliably perform ultra-high frequency switching operation with small energy. Regarding ultra-high frequency switches.

In general, transmission line switches for ultra-high frequencies with a frequency of IGHz to 20 GHz have a basic structure in which a cut-off area between the waveguide and the strip line is used to ensure high electrical insulation of the signal at the time of cut-off. Many of them use a switching method.

That is, in order to function as a strip line when conductive and as a cut-off waveguide when disconnected, the central conductor is moved to intermittent signals.

Such an ultra-high frequency switch has four terminals or connectors 1, 2, 3, and 4 degrees as shown in FIG. There is a structure that switches between the set of connectors 1 and 2 and the sets of connectors 3 and 4 shown by dotted arrows.

In other words, from a state where the terminals or connectors indicated by the solid arrows are electrically connected and at the same time the terminals indicated by the dotted arrows are disconnected, to another state where the terminals indicated by the solid arrows are electrically disconnected and at the same time there is continuity between the terminals indicated by the dotted arrows. , has a structure of switching alternately.

Various means have conventionally existed for switching between these two states, but none have been satisfactory in two respects: reliability of operation and amount of drive energy required for switching operation.

In addition, with such ultra-high frequency switches, it is important to check whether or not the switching operation has been performed reliably when the signal for switching operation is sent.
Alternatively, it is necessary to determine which of two switching states is being switched to.

The most rigorous method for this is to provide a signal detection device in the external circuit connected to each contact, but this has the disadvantage of making the installation dependent on the equipment, and especially when the signal level is low, it is necessary to provide a signal detection device in the external circuit connected to each contact. However, by incorporating an auxiliary switch into the main body of the ultra-high frequency switch,
An alternative plan has been proposed in which the operation of the auxiliary switch is linked with the operation of the main body switch, and the off state is determined from the signal of the auxiliary switch.

The auxiliary switch used for this purpose is required to have high reliability that is closely related to the operation of the ultra-high frequency switch in the main body, and it is also desirable that its driving energy be as small as possible.

The present invention eliminates the conventional disadvantages in terms of reliability of operation and switching power. It also aims to provide a super high frequency switch.

Another object of the present invention is to integrate an auxiliary switch into the main switch, which has a very high correlation with the switching operation of the main switch, requires very little driving energy per drive, and has a simple configuration. An object of the present invention is to provide an ultra-high frequency switch that can further ensure reliability and stability of operation.The ultra-high frequency switch according to the present invention includes an ultra-high frequency switching section and a switching 1 driving section.

The ultra-high frequency switching section includes four fixed contacts connected to four terminals or connectors for connection switching, and four movable contacts that come into contact with and separate from two of the fixed contacts. It has a center conductor and four operating rods that actuate the movable center conductor.

Further, the switching drive unit includes a pair of seesaw mechanisms arranged so as to span two adjacent ends of the actuation rod;
and an alternating operation device that causes the pair of seesaw mechanisms to alternately operate as a seesaw.

Further, the auxiliary switch portion of the ultra-high frequency switch according to the present invention comes into contact with and separates from an auxiliary leaf spring that is cantilevered in proximity to the pair of seesaw mechanisms by the operation of the auxiliary leaf spring. and an auxiliary contact drive pin provided on the seesaw mechanism so as to interlock the auxiliary leaf spring with the operation of the seesaw mechanism.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in the plan view of FIG. 2a, the ultra-high frequency switch according to the embodiment of the present invention has four connectors 1° 2.3, 4. The terminals at the tips of these connectors undergo connection switching as described in connection with FIG.

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 2a, and has an ultra-high frequency switching section 5 on the terminal side and a switching drive section 6 on the bottom side.

First, the super high frequency switching section 5 will be explained.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the switching section 5 taken along the line ■--■ in FIG. 2a, and is shown on a slightly larger scale than in FIG. 2a.

Further, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV--IV in FIG. 3.

Connectors 1 to 4 are constructed by inserting an insulator 9 into a shell 8 and further inserting a center conductor 10 into the center thereof.

The insulator 9 extends from the shell 8 in the axial direction.

Such a connector is fixed to the main body member with screws after the extended portion of the insulator 9 is inserted into a hole provided in the main body member 16.

Note that the main body member 16 also serves as an external conductor of the transmission path.

A fixed contact 11 is formed at one end of each center conductor 10.

Four movable central conductors 12 bridge between the four fixed contacts 11, each spanning two fixed contacts, and are connected to a pair of electrically insulating conductors 12 made of electrically insulating material, such as plastic, for example. It is held from both sides by actuating rods 13a and 13b, and is connected to and disconnected from two fixed contacts 11 at both ends simultaneously.

In addition, the movable central conductor 12 is on the same axis as the operating rod 13a,
A pair of rotation stops 18 are provided to prevent rotation about the support point due to being supported only by 13b.

A groove 19 formed in the main body member 16 around the movable central conductor 12 constitutes an outer conductor of the strip line.

As shown in FIG. 3, the main body member 16 incorporates a compression coil spring 14 that comes into contact with one end of the operating rod 13b on the terminal side.
In the illustrated embodiment, a compression coil spring 1 is pressed against the inner surface 17a of the main body cover plate 17.
4 into the main body member 16.

A manner in which the terminals of the connector perform the connection switching operation as shown in FIG. 1 by the super high frequency switching section configured as described above will be described.

When the movable central conductor 12 is not pushed by the actuating rod 13a on the switching drive section side (non-operating), the movable central conductor 12 is pushed by the actuating rod 13b on the terminal side by the spring force of the compression coil spring 14, and the main body cover is pushed. It is maintained in close contact with the plate 17 (outer conductor wall), and as a result, the fixed contact 11 and the movable center conductor 12 are separated from each other.

Then, the actuating rod 1 moves against the spring force of the compression coil spring 14.
By pressing 3a, the movable center conductor 12 connects to the fixed contact 11.
and touch each fixed contact at both ends.

Therefore, in order to switch the connections as described in connection with Fig. 1, in Fig. 4, pairs of the four movable center conductors facing each other must be operated so that they are always in the same state, and adjacent pairs are operated in opposite directions. You can set it so that it is in the position.

That is, while simultaneously pressing the two operating rods 13a for the two facing movable center conductors 12 between connectors 1, 4 and 23, the other two facing movable center conductors 12 (connectors 1, 2 and 3) and 4) between the actuating rod 13a
One switching state is obtained by deactivating the actuating rod 1 between connectors 1 and 4 and connectors 2 and 3.
Another switching state is obtained by deactivating 3a and simultaneously pressing the actuation rods 13a between connectors 1 and 2 and 3 and 4.

Next, the switching drive unit 6 for moving the actuating rod 13a as described above will be explained.

A cross-sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in Figure 2a is shown in Figure 5.
Also, a cross-sectional view along the VI-VI line perpendicular to this is shown in the sixth section.
As shown in the figure.

In both FIGS. 5 and 6, a cross section of the ultra-high frequency switching section 5 is not shown for clarity.

Further, FIG. 7a shows a plan view of the seesaw mechanism as seen from the direction along the line ■-■ in FIG. 5.

FIG. 7A is a view seen from the direction of arrow G in FIG. 7a, showing a state where no external force is applied to the seesaw body and a state where an external force is applied, respectively.

First, referring mainly to FIGS. 5, 6, and 7 a, b, and c, a pair of seesaw mechanisms 2 Da, 2
Db is arranged between two adjacent two of the four actuating rods 13a so as to span these actuating rods.

Each seesaw main body 21 is supported by a shaft 22 and can rotate independently.

Reference numeral 28 is a bearing for the shaft 22.

In the seesaw mechanisms 20a and 20b, a leaf spring 24 is attached to a seesaw main body 21 by a pin 25, and a spring stopper pin 26 is further attached to an end of the seesaw main body 21.

Such seesaw mechanisms 20a and 20b are shown in FIG.
Therefore, the seesaw mechanisms 20a and 20b are set to always fall to one side in the same direction by the torsion coil spring 23 when no external force is applied.

Each leaf spring 24 of the seesaw mechanism alternately comes into contact with two adjacent actuating rods 13a and pushes the actuating rods by the operation of the seesaw mechanism.

A cylinder 27 attached to the shaft 22 is disposed between the two seesaw mechanisms 20a and 20b, thereby determining the positions of the two seesaw mechanisms.

The seesaw main body 21 is rotatable about the shaft 22 as shown in the drawing, but in a free state where no external force is applied, it is tilted to one side by the torsion coil spring 23 as shown in FIG. On the other side, the leaf spring 24
actuating rod 13a against the compression coil spring 14 (Fig. 3).
is pushed in to bring the movable center conductor 12 into contact with the fixed contact 11.

Here, the elastic modulus of the leaf spring 24 is the same as that of the compression coil spring 14.
It is selected by considering the spring constant of and the operating margin angle of the seesaw mechanism.

Also, the leaf spring 2 on the side opposite to the side in contact with the operating rod 13a
4, the operating angle of the seesaw mechanism is selected so as not to touch the tip of the operating rod 13a.

In such a configuration of the seesaw mechanism, in order to switch the ultra-high frequency connection as described with reference to FIG. 1, it is necessary to twist the raised end of one of the two seesaw mechanisms to and the compression coil spring 14 (FIG. 3) may be pushed in the direction indicated by the arrow C in FIG. 7.

By performing this operation alternately for the valley seesaw mechanism, the connection of the switch according to the present invention is changed.

An embodiment of an alternating operation device for alternately pushing two seesaw mechanisms will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6.

A third seesaw mechanism 29 is provided parallel to the axis of the shaft 22 that pivotally supports the seesaw mechanism, and so as to straddle the ends of the two seesaw bodies 21 on the same side. The two seesaw main bodies 21 are pushed alternately by the operation of the mechanism 29.

A pair of pins 29a and 29b are formed on both sides of the third seesaw mechanism 29 with its rotation 30 in between, and when the seesaw mechanism 29 seesaws with the rotating shaft 30 as a fulcrum, the pins 29a , 29b push the raised ends of the two seesaw bodies 21.

As a means for operating this third seesaw mechanism 29,
The illustrated embodiment employs an electromagnetic device.

Reference numeral 33 indicates a magnetic core of the electromagnetic device, 33a and 33b each a magnetic pole of the magnetic core 33, 34 an excitation coil, 35 a yoke, 36 a durable magnet, 37 a durable magnet holding member, and 38 a magnetic pole piece of the durable magnet 36. .

The durable magnet 36 is used to maintain the third seesaw mechanism 29 attracted to one of the magnetic poles 33a in a steady state other than when the electromagnetic device is switched between operations.

In order to alternately reverse the third seesaw mechanism 29 and perform a switching operation, two excitation coils 34 of the electromagnetic device are
By alternately exciting the seesaw mechanism 29, the seesaw mechanism 29 can be alternately attracted to the pair of magnetic poles 33a and 33b.

Note that the third seesaw mechanism 29 may be placed near one end of the pair of seesaw mechanisms 20a and 20b, perpendicular to them, but in this case it would be off the center of the switch body, so it would take up less space. It is preferable to provide it at the center of the main body in terms of effective utilization of the space, ease of construction, etc.

In the illustrated embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the width of the third seesaw mechanism 29 is increased, and the pins 29a and 29b are installed with the pins 29a and 29b shifted from the center of the third seesaw mechanism 29 to the sides. The center of the switch is aligned with the center of the ultra-high frequency switch body.

In FIG. 6, reference numeral 31 denotes a bearing of the third seesaw mechanism;
Reference numeral 32 denotes a cylinder that determines the position of the seesaw mechanism 29, and is arranged between the bearing 31 and the side of the seesaw mechanism 29.

FIG. 8 shows an embodiment in which an auxiliary switch section is further provided in the ultra-high frequency switches shown in FIGS. 2 to 7a, in which a pair of seesaws is provided without the electromagnetic device as shown in FIG. 7a. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the mechanism as seen from the side.

FIG. 9 is an exploded view of the pair of seesaw mechanisms and the auxiliary switch section for easier explanation.

In addition, Fig. 7a. Parts similar to those of the pair of seesaw mechanisms shown in b and c are given the same reference numerals, and explanations of the operations of overlapping parts will be omitted.

In FIGS. 8 and 9, the auxiliary leaf spring 39 is cantilevered with one end attached to the main body cover plate 17 via an insulator, and a pair of twin extension springs 39a, 3
9b extends across the shaft 22 of the seesaw mechanism.

A movable auxiliary contact 40 is provided at the tip of each extension spring 39a, 39b.
a.

40b is attached.

The main body cover plate 17 also includes an insulating plate 45 and a mounting base 4.
4, fixed auxiliary contacts 41at41b are attached which come into contact with and separate from the movable auxiliary contacts 40a and 40b.

These movable auxiliary contacts and fixed auxiliary contacts constitute an auxiliary switch of the auxiliary switch section.

Each seesaw main body 21 of the pair of seesaw mechanisms 20a, 20b has an auxiliary contact drive pin 43a that comes into contact with the extension springs 39a, 39b to operate the extension springs in accordance with the operation of the seesaw mechanisms 20a, 20b.

43b is attached.

Note that reference numeral 46 is an insulating screw for attaching the seesaw mechanism 29 and the auxiliary switch section.

The operation of the auxiliary switch section configured as described above is shown in Figure 10a.
l b j Cjd.

FIGS. 10a and 10t) are side views of the seesaw mechanism 29 and the auxiliary switch part as seen from the arrow P in FIG. shows.

10c and d are side views seen from the arrow Q in FIG. 8, where FIG. 10C is the same as FIG.
They are in states corresponding to those shown in Figure d.

As mentioned above, when no external force is applied to both of the pair of seesaw mechanisms 29 (referred to as the initial state), the two seesaw bodies 21 both fall to one side in the same direction due to the action of the torsion coil spring 23. ing.

At this time, the leaf spring 24 of the seesaw mechanism 29 pushes the operating rod 13a on its fallen side, and does not touch the operating rod 13a on the opposite side.

The movable center conductor 12 (third
(Fig. 3) is in contact with the fixed contact 11 (Fig. 3).

In this state, the auxiliary contact drive pins 43a, 43b attached to each seesaw main body 21 are not in contact with the extension springs 39a, 39b, and therefore the movable auxiliary contacts 40a, 40b and the fixed auxiliary manufacturing point 41a, 41
b are in contact with each other, and the auxiliary leaf spring 39 and the fixed auxiliary contact 4
1a and 41b are electrically connected.

When using an electromagnetic device as shown in Figure 5 for the switching drive section,
Such an initial state is, so to speak, a low-altitude state.

Next, the two seesaw mechanisms 2 are activated by an electromagnetic device (Fig. 5).
Among 0a and 20b, the 20a side is the torsion coil spring 2
3, the auxiliary contact drive pin 4 attached to the seesaw body 21 on the seesaw mechanism 20a side
3a hits the extension spring 39a and pushes it up and down, while the extension spring 39b maintains the above-mentioned initial state as it is because no external force is applied to the seesaw mechanism 20b and does not come into contact with the auxiliary contact drive portion pin 43b.

In this way, the operating state of the auxiliary switch section at this time is that the auxiliary contacts 40a and 412 are opened and the auxiliary contact 40b
The state is as shown in FIGS. 10a and 10c, where they remain in contact with each other.

However, FIG. 10a only shows the seesaw mechanism on the 20b side.

Next, when the electromagnetic device is switched from this state and the seesaw mechanism 20b side is pushed in the direction opposite to the torsion coil spring 23, the auxiliary switch section becomes the state shown in FIG. Auxiliary contacts 40a and 41a come into contact, and auxiliary contacts 40b and 41b open.

Therefore, the auxiliary leaf spring 39 of the auxiliary switch section is the fixed auxiliary contact 41a.

By detecting which side of 41b is electrically connected, information on which switching state the ultra-high frequency switch is in can be obtained.

The ultra-high frequency switch of the present invention has the following advantages.

First, the only part that generates friction is the part that pivotally supports the seesaw body, and since there is no waste in the operating stroke, the required driving energy during the switching operation can be made very small.

Second, as mentioned above, the frictional contact point is only the contact between the shaft and the seesaw body, and there is no place that has a large effect on the reliability of the mechanical operation mechanism, so high operation reliability can be achieved. It will be done.

Furthermore, the ultra-high frequency switch of the present invention incorporating an auxiliary switch has the following advantages.

First, the structure of the auxiliary switch itself is very simple, and since the auxiliary switch itself is installed in a previously vacant space, the overall shape of the switch does not increase in any way.

Second, in order to interlock with the ultra-high frequency switching section, it is sufficient to simply add an auxiliary contact drive pin to the bodies of the pair of seesaw mechanisms, and no complicated cooperative operation is required.

Thirdly, since the operation is very closely related to the ultra-high frequency switching unit, the accuracy of the information sent from the auxiliary switch is high.

Fourth, since a long leaf spring is used to hold the movable contact of the auxiliary switch, variations in contact pressure are small, and therefore the reliability of the auxiliary contact is extremely high.

It is clear that various modifications and changes can be made to the ultra-high frequency switch of the present invention described in the embodiments without significantly changing the spirit of the invention.

For example, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the third seesaw mechanism and the electromagnetic device are used as the switching drive unit, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and the point is that the switching drive unit uses the third seesaw mechanism and the electromagnetic device. It suffices if it works by pressing the keys alternately.
It may be done manually.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the connection switching function of the switch, FIG.
The figure is a side view of Fig. 2a, Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line ■-■ of Fig. 2a, Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 The figure is a cross-sectional view taken along line ■-v in Figure 2a, Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI in Figure 2a, and Figure 7a is a cross-sectional view taken along line ■-■ in Figure 5. 7A and 7C are respectively side views of the seesaw mechanism as seen from arrow G in FIG. 7A, and FIG. A plan view of the attached auxiliary switch section, FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the seesaw mechanism and auxiliary switch section shown in FIG. 8 disassembled in the assembly order, and FIG. 10a
, b, c, and d are diagrams each showing the operation of the auxiliary switch section. In the figure, 1.2.3.4. ······connector,
5... Super high frequency switching unit, 6... Switching drive unit, 11... Fixed contact, 12... Movable center conductor, 13a, 13b,... ...Operating rod, 20a, 20b, ...Seesaw mechanism, 39
...Auxiliary leaf spring, 43a, 43b, ...
・Auxiliary contact 1 drive pin. It is.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In an ultra-high frequency switch having four terminals for connection switching, four fixed contacts connected to the terminals, and two of the fixed fixed contacts each contacting and breaking. an ultra-high frequency switching unit including four operating rods that hold the four movable center conductors and actuate the movable center conductors;
and a switching drive unit including a pair of seesaw mechanisms arranged to span two adjacent ends of the actuating rod, and an alternating operation device that causes the pair of seesaw mechanisms to alternately operate the seesaw mechanism. An ultra-high frequency switch having four terminals for connection switching, in which four fixed contacts are connected to the terminals, and two of the fixed contacts are connected (opened). an ultra-high frequency switching section including four movable center conductors that have become symmetrical, and four actuation rods that hold the movable center conductors and actuate the movable center conductors, and two adjacent ends of the actuation rods. A pair of seesaw mechanisms arranged so as to span the
a switching drive unit including an alternating operation device for alternately operating the pair of seesaw mechanisms; and an auxiliary leaf spring that is cantilevered in proximity to the pair of seesaw mechanisms; and contact by the operation of the auxiliary leaf spring; The ultrasonic motor is characterized by having an auxiliary switch section including an auxiliary contact that opens and opens, and an auxiliary contact drive pin provided on the seesaw mechanism so as to interlock the auxiliary leaf spring with the operation of the seesaw mechanism. High frequency switch.