JPS5937806A - Industrial vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the fuel consumption and to reduce noise and exhaust gas of an industrial vehicle by storing the excess output of a generator which is driven by an engine in a battery and supplying the insufficient energy from the battery. CONSTITUTION:A 3-phase AC generator 12 is driven by an engine 1 which is always operated at the rotating speed to become the optimum fuel consumption, and the output of the generator 12 is supplied through a transformer 15 and a rectifier 16 to a speed control thyristor chopper controller 17 of a drive and hydraulic pump drive DC motors 21, and a battery 18. When the power consumptions of the motor 21 is small, the excess output of the generator 12 is supplied to the battery 18, and when the power consumption exceeds the output of the generator, insufficient energy is supplied from the battery 24. In this manner, the fuel consumption is improved, and the noise and exhaust gas can be reduced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an industrial vehicle such as a forklift for transporting cargo within a workplace.

Conventionally, there are the following drive systems for industrial vehicles such as forklifts. In other words, the Ecilen type uses an engine as a drive source and mechanically transmits the rotational power of this engine to the tires to drive, and directly uses it to drive the hydraulic song for 1+ work, and the engine drives a generator.
The driving and working electric motors are directly controlled by changes in the output of some electric power, and the driving and working electric motors are also stopped when the engine is stopped.The engine electric type and storage battery are used as energy sources to drive the driving and working electric motors. However, the engine-type and engine-electric type change the rotation of the engine, which makes a lot of noise, and also causes pollution from exhaust gas, so they are not environmentally preferable when working indoors. Moreover, since the fuel consumption rate is low, maintenance costs such as fuel costs become high. Also, with battery-powered models, there is a limit to how much energy can be stored in the battery, so if you work continuously,... − cannot be done, and in addition, efficiency is poor due to lack of leveling power.

The present invention aims to improve the above-mentioned drawbacks, improve fuel efficiency, sufficiently reduce noise and exhaust gas, and provide an industrial vehicle that is capable of continuous operation.

That is, the industrial vehicle according to the present invention includes an engine equipped with a governor that always operates at a rotation speed near the optimum fuel efficiency;
An alternator that is rotationally driven by this engine, a transformer that converts the output voltage of this alternator to one voltage,
A rectifier that converts the alternating current output of this transformer into direct current, a thyristor chopper control device that is supplied with the direct current output of this rectifier and drives and controls a traveling and working electric motor, and a battery that can output direct current to this thyristor chopper/IP control device. When the power consumption of the traveling and working electric motor is small, power is supplied from the rectifier to charge the battery, and when the power consumption exceeds the generator output, the battery is used for thyristor operation.

This feature is characterized in that power is supplied to the control device.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows its configuration. The engine 11 is equipped with a governor (not shown) that adjusts the rotational speed to a set value, and is always operated at a rotational speed close to the optimum fuel efficiency. It is what drives the. This three-phase alternator 12
is connected to the engine 11 via the generator rotational speed control device 13 and is controlled to bring the generator load into the optimal fuel efficiency state of the engine 11, and generates AC power corresponding to 110 rotations of the engine.

This AC power is then supplied to the transformer 15 via the switch 14. This transformer 15 is the generator 1
The AC voltage from 2 is converted into any required voltage, and the transformed AC power is supplied to the rectifier 16. This rectifier 16 rectifies the supplied AC power, converts it to DC power, and supplies it to the Sylrisk chopper control device (SCR) 17 and also supplies it to the battery NO# via the switch lock to perform a charging action. That's what I do. This battery has a capacity capable of supplying sufficient current against load fluctuations of the three-phase alternating current generator 12, and is connected to the silice chopper control device 17 to be able to supply direct Ilf, Mt, and power. This thyristor t9 device 17 controls the current of the supplied DC power in conjunction with the operation of the accelerator 2o, and supplies this controlled power to the DC motor 21 for driving the traveling and hydraulic pump. It controls the rotation speed of the This traveling and hydraulic pump driving DC motor 21 is used for both traveling and work, and uses its rotational power to drive the work hydraulic pressure d? The transmission is transmitted to the engine 22 to drive a working machine (not shown), and is also transmitted to the differential gear 25 via the clutch 23 and reduction gear 24, so that the rotation of the driving tire is controlled in response to the rotation of the electric motor 21. 26 is designed to rotate. A commercial power outlet 27 is connected to the input of the transformer 15, and by connecting this outlet to a commercial power supply terminal, work and charging can be performed without driving the engine. This figure shows the terminal voltage fluctuations of the battery 18 and the battery 18.
B shows the AC power generation characteristics after the rectifier 16, and B shows the battery 18 characteristics. In the case of the alternating current generator 12, the terminal voltage A has little fluctuation when the load current is small, but sharply decreases when it exceeds a certain value. On the other hand, in the case of the battery 18, the terminal voltage B is the load 'rM, and when the current is small, the generator 1
Although it is smaller than the terminal voltage of generator 12, it has little fluctuation even when the load current becomes large, so it exceeds that of generator 12.

That is, when the engine 11 is started and the switch 2 14 and the shrine are closed, if the load is small, the generator 12
Since the terminal voltage on the side is higher, the output on the side of the generator 12 is preferentially used, and excess energy is supplied to the battery 18 to charge it.

Then, as the load increases, the terminal voltage A on the generator 12 side
When the voltage becomes lower than the terminal voltage B of the battery 18, the battery 18 also supplies current to the load to replenish the supplied power and reduce load fluctuations to the engine 11.

That is, when the industrial vehicle configured as described above is run, the engine 11 is started and the three-phase alternating current generator 12 is driven to generate alternating current power iV t9 . Then, switches J-# and M are closed, and the AC power is transformed by the transformer 15, rectified by the rectifier 16''C, and supplied to the thyristor chopper control device 7, and at the same time, the excess energy of the power supplied to the battery 18 is drained. In addition, power can be supplied from the battery 18 in response to fluctuations in the load current.

With this setting in place, the accelerator 20 is depressed, and electric power proportional to the amount of change in depression is supplied to the electric motor 21 by the 7 cylinder chopper control device F to drive it. Then, if the clutch 23 is released and the electric motor λ is driven in the same manner as in the case of traveling above, will the working oil be correct? The pump rope works to operate a working machine (not shown).

Therefore, the load of the power generation unit 12 is set to the optimum fuel efficiency state of the engine 1, and since the engine 11 is driven at a constant rotation speed, fuel efficiency is achieved.Furthermore, the battery 18 stores excess energy to cope with fluctuations in the load. Since the power is supplied by
The engine 11 can be small compared to the load, and the amount of noise and exhaust gas can be reduced. In addition, since it can run on only the battery 18, when working indoors, the engine 11 can be stopped and the vehicle can run without emitting noise or exhaust gas.Since the generator is charged during running and work, the operating time is battery-powered. It can be longer than the driving vehicle. Furthermore, since overcurrent crystallization of the battery 18 can be reduced, the discharge efficiency of the battery 18 is improved and its life span is extended. Also, transformer 15. By having the rectifier 16, both commercial power and engine-generated power can be used.

Furthermore, by using the clutch 23, the two functions of traveling and working can be performed by one electric motor 21, which simplifies the structure. I think it is possible to control it. In addition, since the clutch 23 can be controlled with full force, slow start inching, etc., similar to that of an engine vehicle is possible.

As described above, according to the present invention, there is provided an engine equipped with a governor that always operates an industrial vehicle at a rotational speed near the optimum fuel efficiency, an alternating current generator rotationally driven by the engine, and an output power of the alternating current generator. A transformer that converts voltage, a rectifier that converts the AC output of this transformer to DC, and so on.
The thyristor chopper/IP control device is supplied with the DC output of the device and drives and controls the electric motor for traveling and working, and the thyristor chopper controlling device is equipped with a battery capable of outputting DC current. When the power consumption of the 1iII machine is low, power is supplied from the rectifier to charge the battery, and when the power consumption exceeds the generator output, power is supplied from the battery to the thyristor chopper control device, thereby reducing fuel consumption. It will be possible to sufficiently reduce noise and exhaust gas, and to enable relatively continuous operation or running even with batteries alone.

This invention can also be applied to wheel loaders of construction machines, etc.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of an industrial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the terminal voltage characteristics of the three-phase alternating current generator and battery with respect to the load current of the industrial vehicle. be. 11... Engine, 12... Three-phase alternator, switch, 15... Transformer, 16... Rectifier, 18...
・Battery, n...Zyristachocho・9 Control device, 20
...Accelerator, 2..DC motor for driving and hydraulic power supply, 22..Hydraulic power supply for work, 23..
clutch, 24... reduction gear, 25... differential gear,
26...Traveling tires, 22...Commercial power outlet.

Claims (1)

[Claims] It consists of an engine equipped with a governor that always operates at a rotational speed close to the optimum fuel efficiency, an alternator that is rotated by the engine, a transformer that converts the output voltage of the alternator, and a transformer that converts the output voltage of the alternator into a voltage. A rectifier that converts alternating current output into direct current, a thyristor chopper control device that is supplied with the direct current output of this rectifier and drives and controls a traveling and working electric motor, and a battery capable of outputting direct current to the thyristor chopper and nof control device R. (+tft L) When the power consumption of the traveling and working electric motor is small, power is supplied from the rectifier to charge the battery, and when the power consumption exceeds the generator output, power is supplied from the battery to the silice chopper control device. An industrial vehicle characterized by a lever designed to supply.