JPS5936024B2 - Cylindrical or bag-shaped textile product embroidery equipment - Google Patents

Cylindrical or bag-shaped textile product embroidery equipment

Info

Publication number
JPS5936024B2
JPS5936024B2 JP9102381A JP9102381A JPS5936024B2 JP S5936024 B2 JPS5936024 B2 JP S5936024B2 JP 9102381 A JP9102381 A JP 9102381A JP 9102381 A JP9102381 A JP 9102381A JP S5936024 B2 JPS5936024 B2 JP S5936024B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
frame
embroidery
bag
cylindrical
textile product
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP9102381A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS57205570A (en
Inventor
正昭 佐藤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MARUSHO SHISHU JUGEN
Original Assignee
MARUSHO SHISHU JUGEN
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MARUSHO SHISHU JUGEN filed Critical MARUSHO SHISHU JUGEN
Priority to JP9102381A priority Critical patent/JPS5936024B2/en
Publication of JPS57205570A publication Critical patent/JPS57205570A/en
Publication of JPS5936024B2 publication Critical patent/JPS5936024B2/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Landscapes

  • Sewing Machines And Sewing (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、ソックス、手袋などのように筒状乃至袋状の
繊維製品に、ポイントマークなどの刺しゅうを自動的且
つ量産的に施すための装置を提供するものである。
[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention provides an apparatus for automatically and mass-produced embroidery such as point marks on cylindrical or bag-shaped textile products such as socks and gloves. .

従来一般に行われている手段は、上梓と下枠とから成る
刺しゅう枠に被刺しゅう物の片面を枠張りし他面をめく
り返して枠の周囲にまとめたうえ、あらかじめ刺しゅう
ミシンの台枠上に固定しである土台枠に嵌込むことによ
りセットして刺しゅうミシンを運転させ、刺しゅうが完
了したらその運転を止めて、刺しゅう枠を土台枠より抜
き取り、バイリン(伸縮する刺しゅう生地を緊張させる
ために枠張りの際に刺しゅう生地面に当込んだ小域の布
または紙)をむしり取ったうえ枠外しをして作業を終了
する。
The conventional method is to stretch one side of the object to be embroidered onto an embroidery frame consisting of an upper frame and a lower frame, turn the other side over and gather it around the frame, and then place it on the frame of an embroidery machine in advance. The embroidery machine is set by inserting it into the base frame, which is fixed, and the embroidery machine is operated. When the embroidery is completed, the operation is stopped, the embroidery frame is pulled out from the base frame, and the embroidery frame is attached to the The work is completed by tearing off the small area of cloth or paper that was applied to the embroidery material during tensioning and removing the frame.

ところが、上記工程中側しゅう枠を土台枠にセット乃至
抜取る作業は、簡単なようでなかなか難しくまたかなり
の疲労を伴うため、相当熟達しないとその作業に耐えら
れず、また−徊嵌込んだ刺しゅう枠が弾かれて外れてし
まうことも度々である。
However, the work of setting and removing the middle side frame from the base frame in the above process may seem simple, but it is quite difficult and involves considerable fatigue. The embroidery hoop often gets knocked off and comes off.

また、その刺しゅう娩のセット、抜取りの作業中、刺し
ゅうミシンは稼動していないからきわめて非能率的であ
る。
Furthermore, the embroidery machine is not in operation during the embroidery setting and extraction process, which is extremely inefficient.

本発明は従来のかメる実情に鑑みてなされたもので、以
下図面の実施例によって説明すると、第1図において1
が刺しゅう針機構Hの下方に配設された台枠で、その台
枠1上に、前方に嵌入凹部2aを形成し左右に側壁2b
を設けたスライド受枠2の後端部をねじ10を介して固
着しである。
The present invention has been made in view of the actual situation of conventional motors, and will be explained below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.
is an underframe disposed below the embroidery needle mechanism H. On the underframe 1, a fitting recess 2a is formed in the front, and side walls 2b are formed on the left and right sides.
The rear end portion of the slide receiving frame 2 provided with the slide receiving frame 2 is fixed via screws 10.

そしてさらにその台枠1よりスライド受枠2上面に掛け
て先端にゴムローラ4を取付けた外板3を、その基端を
ねじ11を介して台枠1に固定して装着しである。
Further, an outer plate 3 is hung from the underframe 1 onto the upper surface of the slide receiving frame 2 and has a rubber roller 4 attached to its tip, and its base end is fixed to the underframe 1 via screws 11.

次に第2図において5が刺しゅう枠を構成する上枠、6
が同じく下枠で、その中間にバイリンを押え込むための
リング枠6が設けられる。
Next, in Fig. 2, 5 is the upper frame constituting the embroidery frame, and 6
is also the lower frame, and a ring frame 6 for holding the bilin is provided in the middle thereof.

そして上枠5には、鍔部5eを一体に形成してその横幅
を前記スライド枠2の左右側壁2b、2b間に密合する
長さとし、その上面には前記外板3のゴムローラ4が落
込む窪み5aを設けるとともにその直後位置にゴムロー
ラ4のストッパー5bを設け、さらに後尾部を前記鍔部
5eの横幅より狭い円弧状部5cに形成し、下枠6には
、上枠5の鍔部5eより狭い鍔部6aを一体形成しであ
る。
A flange 5e is integrally formed on the upper frame 5, and its width is set to fit tightly between the left and right side walls 2b, 2b of the slide frame 2, and the rubber roller 4 of the outer plate 3 is placed on the upper surface of the flange 5e. A recess 5a is provided, and a stopper 5b for the rubber roller 4 is provided immediately after the recess 5a, and the rear portion is formed into an arcuate portion 5c narrower than the width of the flange 5e. A collar portion 6a, which is narrower than 5e, is integrally formed.

そして被刺しゅう物Sの刺しゅうを施す片面を常法によ
り枠張りし他面をめくり返して上下両鍔部5e、5a間
にまとめた後の刺しゅう枠の上枠5を、前記スライド受
枠2に沿って押し込むことにより弾着支持されるように
して構成される。
Then, one side of the object S to be embroidered is framed in a conventional manner, the other side is turned over and gathered between the upper and lower flanges 5e, 5a, and then the upper frame 5 of the embroidery frame is placed along the slide receiving frame 2. It is configured so that it can be supported by impact by pushing it in.

今、本発明装置によってくつ下ζこポイントマークを刺
しゆうする場合について説明すると、まず刺しゅうミシ
ンに掛ける前工程として第2図に示す刺しゅう枠を使っ
て、枠張り用作業台8の下枠嵌込み穴9内に下枠6を嵌
込んで、その上に適宜長さのバイリンを載せ、その上方
からリング枠1を被せる(第3図)。
Now, to explain the case of embroidering the shoe bottom ζ point mark using the device of the present invention, first, as a pre-process for putting it on the embroidery sewing machine, the embroidery frame shown in Fig. 2 is used to fit the bottom frame of the frame tensioning workbench 8. The lower frame 6 is fitted into the hole 9, a bilin of an appropriate length is placed on it, and the ring frame 1 is placed over it (FIG. 3).

このリング枠1は一見簡単なようであるが、バイリンB
を押え込む上で重要なはたらきをする。
Although this ring frame 1 seems simple at first glance, Bairin B
plays an important role in holding down the

即ち従来は、被刺しゅう物Sの枠張り作業の際にバイリ
ンBの一端を枠張り用作業台8の下枠嵌み穴9内に当込
んで下枠6で挾み込み、他端を下枠6上面に折返した上
、被刺しゅう物Sを作業台8の先端より被せるのである
が、この場合、バイリンBが左右乃至上下にずれるおそ
れがあってその修正に手間取るばかりでなく下枠6の長
手方向にバイリンBを配するものであるから、高価なバ
イリンBの使用量が太きいなどの難点があった。
That is, conventionally, when framing the object S to be embroidered, one end of the bilin B was inserted into the lower frame fitting hole 9 of the frame tensioning work table 8, and the other end was inserted under the lower frame 6. The object S to be embroidered is placed over the upper surface of the frame 6 from the tip of the workbench 8, but in this case, there is a risk that the bilin B may shift from side to side or up and down, and not only does it take time to correct it, but the lower frame 6 Since bilin B is arranged in the longitudinal direction, there are drawbacks such as a large amount of expensive bilin B being used.

これζこ対して本案に係るリング枠γを使用すれば、下
枠6の短手方向にバイリンBを載せその上からリング枠
1を被せるだけでバイリンBが安定状態で挾持されるか
ら、作業性を著しく向上させることができるとともにバ
イリンBの節約ともなる。
On the other hand, if the ring frame γ according to the present invention is used, the bi-ring B can be held in a stable state by simply placing the bi-ring B in the short direction of the lower frame 6 and covering it with the ring frame 1. In addition to significantly improving the properties, it also saves bilin B.

また下枠6を嵌み穴9内に入れる前工程でパイリン押え
を完了させておくこともできるからその点からも作業手
順の効率化を計ることができる。
Further, since the piping press can be completed before the lower frame 6 is inserted into the fitting hole 9, the efficiency of the work procedure can be improved from this point of view as well.

さてバイリンBはリング枠6によって押え込まれた状態
となるから、今度は作業台8の先端よりくつ下Sを履か
せるようにして(第4図)、刺しゅうを施す位置がバイ
リンBの位置と重なった状態で上方から上枠5を嵌込む
(第5図)。
Now, since Bairin B is held down by the ring frame 6, put on socks S from the tip of the workbench 8 (Fig. 4), so that the position to be embroidered overlaps with the position of Bairin B. In this state, insert the upper frame 5 from above (Fig. 5).

そしてくつ下Sの履かせ部分をめくり返して上枠5と下
枠6の両鍔部5e、6a間にまとめる。
Then, the part of the sock S is turned over and gathered between the brim portions 5e and 6a of the upper frame 5 and the lower frame 6.

このとき上枠5の後尾部は鍔部5eより狭い円弧状部5
cに形成されているから、その段差部5dを手掛りとし
て容易にめくり返しが行える。
At this time, the rear part of the upper frame 5 has an arcuate part 5 narrower than the collar part 5e.
c, it can be easily turned over using the stepped portion 5d as a clue.

そして最後に刺しゅう枠全体を下枠嵌込み穴9より抜取
る(第6図)。
Finally, the entire embroidery frame is pulled out from the lower frame fitting hole 9 (Fig. 6).

即ち以上によって刺しゅうを施すくつ下生地の枠張りと
めくり返しが完了する。
That is, through the above steps, the framing and turning of the sock material to be embroidered is completed.

めくり返して両鍔部間にまとめられたくつ下部分は、上
枠5の鍔部5eの方が下枠6の鍔部6aより幅広となっ
ているので、上枠5の上側へはみ出す心配は全くない。
As for the lower part of the shoe that is turned over and gathered between the two collar parts, the collar part 5e of the upper frame 5 is wider than the collar part 6a of the lower frame 6, so there is no need to worry about it protruding to the upper side of the upper frame 5. do not have.

さて、以上の前工程を終えた刺しゅう枠を刺しゅうミシ
ンにセットするには、第1図に示すように上枠5をスラ
イド受枠2に沿って押し込む。
Now, in order to set the embroidery frame that has undergone the above pre-process into the embroidery sewing machine, push the upper frame 5 along the slide receiving frame 2 as shown in FIG.

この場合スライド受枠2の前方には嵌入凹部2aが形成
されているから、上枠2と下枠6の鍔部5e。
In this case, since the fitting recess 2a is formed in the front of the slide receiving frame 2, the flanges 5e of the upper frame 2 and the lower frame 6.

6a間にまとめられたくつ下Sは支障なく進行し、外板
3先端のゴムローラー4が上枠5の窪み5aに落込みス
トッパー5bに突当る位置で止められる。
The socks S gathered between the socks 6a move forward without any trouble, and the rubber roller 4 at the tip of the outer plate 3 falls into the recess 5a of the upper frame 5 and is stopped at the position where it hits the stopper 5b.

即ちこれによって刺しゅう枠はスライド枠2の左右側壁
2bに挾持されたうえ、外板3による上方からの弾圧に
よって不動に固定支持さ、れる。
That is, as a result, the embroidery frame is not only held between the left and right side walls 2b of the slide frame 2, but also fixedly supported by the outer plate 3 from above.

そこで刺しゅう針機構Hを運転操作して刺しゅうを施し
、完了したら上枠5を手前へ引張ればゴムローラ4を容
易に撥ねのけて刺しゅう枠全体がスライド受枠2より離
脱する。
Then, the embroidery needle mechanism H is operated to perform the embroidery, and when the embroidery is completed, the upper frame 5 is pulled toward the front, the rubber roller 4 is easily thrown off, and the entire embroidery frame is removed from the slide receiving frame 2.

本発明装置は以上のようで、被刺しゅう生地を枠張り、
めくり返しした刺しゅう枠をあたかもカセットのように
抜差しすることにより、即ちワンタッチでセット、取外
しが可能となったもので、従来の土台枠への嵌込み、抜
取りの作業に比べはるかに省力且つ迅速に行えセット時
の支持状態も確実である。
As described above, the device of the present invention frames the fabric to be embroidered,
By inserting and removing the turned-over embroidery hoop as if it were a cassette, it is possible to set and remove it with one touch, which is much more labor-saving and faster than the conventional work of inserting it into the base frame and removing it. The support condition when setting is also reliable.

第1図に示すように一つの刺しゅう針機構Hの下方に二
個のスライド受枠2を連設して刺しゅう針機構Hを左右
に往復動可能とすれば、刺しゅう枠を交互に入替えるこ
とにより刺しゅうミシンの連続使用が可能となり作業能
率を倍化させることができる。
As shown in Fig. 1, if two slide receiving frames 2 are arranged below one embroidery needle mechanism H so that the embroidery needle mechanism H can reciprocate from side to side, then the embroidery frames can be exchanged alternately. The embroidery machine can be used continuously and work efficiency can be doubled.

以上から本発明は所期の目的を達成するもので、刺しゅ
うミシンによる筒物、袋物の繊維製品の刺しゅう作業が
きわめて省力的且つ効率的に行われるものとして、量産
体制にそぐうまことに有利なものである。
In view of the above, the present invention achieves the intended purpose, and is advantageous in that it allows the embroidery work of textile products such as cylinders and bags to be carried out extremely labor-saving and efficiently using an embroidery sewing machine, and is suitable for mass production systems. It is.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

図面は本発明装置の実施例を示すもので、第1図は斜視
図、第2図は刺しゅう枠のみの拡大斜視図、第3図乃至
第6図は刺しゅう枠に被刺しゅう物(くっ下)を枠張り
、めくり返しをする工程を示したもので、第3図は作業
台に納めた下枠の上にバイリンを載せ上方からリング枠
で押え込もうとしている状態の斜視図、第4図はバイリ
ンを押え込んだ状態でくつ下を作業台に履かせようとし
ている状態の斜視図、第5図は刺しゅうを施す個所がバ
イリンと重なった位置で上方から上枠5を嵌込もうとし
ている斜視図、第6図は枠張りが完了しくつ下の履かせ
部分をめくり返して上下両枠の鍔部間にまとめ、作業台
より取出した状態の斜視図である。 1・・・・・・刺しゅうミシンの台枠、2・・・・・・
スライド受枠、2a・・・・・・その嵌入凹部、2b・
・・・・・その左右側壁、3・・・・・・外板、4・・
・・・・押圧部材、5・・・・・・上枠、5a・・・・
・・窪み、5b・・・・・・ストッパー、5c・・・・
・・円弧状部、5e・・・・・・鍔部、6・・・・・・
下枠、6a・・・・・・鍔部、γ・・・・・・リング枠
The drawings show an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a perspective view, Fig. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of only the embroidery frame, and Figs. 3 to 6 show an object to be embroidered (underneath) in the embroidery frame. Figure 3 is a perspective view of the bilin placed on the lower frame placed on the workbench and about to be pressed down with the ring frame from above, Figure 4 Figure 5 is a perspective view of the sock being put on the workbench with the threads pressed in, and Figure 5 is a perspective view showing the upper frame 5 being fitted from above at a position where the part to be embroidered overlaps with the thread. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the shoe after the frame has been stretched, with the shoe part turned over and gathered between the flanges of both the upper and lower frames, and taken out from the workbench. 1... Embroidery machine underframe, 2...
Slide receiving frame, 2a... Its fitting recess, 2b.
...The left and right side walls, 3... Outer panel, 4...
... Pressing member, 5 ... Upper frame, 5a ...
...Recess, 5b... Stopper, 5c...
...Arc-shaped part, 5e...Brim part, 6...
Lower frame, 6a... collar, γ... ring frame.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 10)刺しゅうミシンの台枠1上に、前方に嵌入凹部2
aを形成し左右に側壁2bを設けたスライド受枠2の後
端部を固着するとともに台枠1よりそのスライド受枠2
上面に掛けて先端に押圧部材4を取付けた弾板3を装着
し、 (D)上枠5と下枠6とから成る刺しゅう枠の両枠には
、それぞれ鍔部5e、6aを上枠の鍔部5eの方が下枠
の鍔部6aより幅広となるようように形成して、その上
枠5の鍔部5eの横幅を前記スライド枠2の左右側壁2
b、2b間に密合する長さとし、その上面には前記弾板
3の押圧部材4が落込む窪み5aを設けるとともにその
直後位置に抑圧部材4のストッパー5bを設け、 e)被刺しゅう物Sの刺しゅうを施す片面を常法により
枠張りし、他面をめくり返して上下両鍔部5e、6a間
にまとめた後の刺しゅう枠の上枠5を、前記スライド受
枠2に沿って押込むことにより弾着支持されるようにし
たことを特徴とする筒状乃至袋状繊維製品刺しゅう装置
。 2 スライド受枠2を一つの刺しゅう針機構Hの左右往
復動範囲内に二個宛連設して交互断続的に刺しゅうを可
能とした特許請求の範囲第1項記載の筒状乃至袋状繊維
製品刺しゅう装置。 3 弾板3の先端に取付ける抑圧部材4をローラとした
特許請求の範囲第1項または第2項記載の筒状乃至袋状
繊維製品刺しゅう装置。 4 刺しゅう枠の上枠5の平面形状は、その後尾部を鍔
部5eの横幅より狭い円弧状部5cに形成した特許請求
の範囲第1項ないし第3項のうちいずれか一項記載の筒
状乃至袋状繊維製品刺しゅう装置。 5 刺しゅう枠はその上枠5と下枠6の間にリング枠γ
を設けた特許請求の範囲第1項ないし第4項のうちいず
れか一項記載の筒状乃至袋状繊維製品刺しゅう装置。
[Claims] 10) On the underframe 1 of the embroidery sewing machine, a fitting recess 2 is provided at the front.
The rear end portion of the slide receiving frame 2 which forms a shape and has side walls 2b on the left and right sides is fixed, and the slide receiving frame 2 is attached from the underframe 1.
A bullet plate 3 with a pressing member 4 attached to the tip is attached to the upper surface of the embroidery frame. The flange 5e is formed to be wider than the flange 6a of the lower frame, and the width of the flange 5e of the upper frame 5 is equal to the width of the left and right side walls 2 of the slide frame 2.
b, 2b, and a recess 5a is provided on the upper surface thereof into which the pressing member 4 of the bullet plate 3 falls, and a stopper 5b of the suppressing member 4 is provided immediately after the recess 5a; e) Embroidery object S One side to be embroidered is stretched using a conventional method, and the other side is turned over and gathered between the upper and lower flanges 5e and 6a, and then the upper frame 5 of the embroidery frame is pushed along the slide receiving frame 2. 1. An embroidery device for embroidering a cylindrical or bag-shaped textile product, characterized in that the embroidery device is adapted to be impact-supported by a cylindrical or bag-shaped textile product. 2. A cylindrical or bag-shaped textile product according to claim 1, in which two slide receiving frames 2 are arranged in series within the left and right reciprocating range of one embroidery needle mechanism H to enable alternating and intermittent embroidery. embroidery equipment. 3. The cylindrical or bag-shaped textile product embroidery device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the suppressing member 4 attached to the tip of the bullet plate 3 is a roller. 4. The planar shape of the upper frame 5 of the embroidery frame is a cylindrical shape according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which the rear tail portion is formed into an arcuate portion 5c narrower than the width of the collar portion 5e. or bag-shaped textile product embroidery equipment. 5 The embroidery frame has a ring frame γ between its upper frame 5 and lower frame 6.
A cylindrical or bag-shaped textile product embroidery device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
JP9102381A 1981-06-12 1981-06-12 Cylindrical or bag-shaped textile product embroidery equipment Expired JPS5936024B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9102381A JPS5936024B2 (en) 1981-06-12 1981-06-12 Cylindrical or bag-shaped textile product embroidery equipment

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9102381A JPS5936024B2 (en) 1981-06-12 1981-06-12 Cylindrical or bag-shaped textile product embroidery equipment

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS57205570A JPS57205570A (en) 1982-12-16
JPS5936024B2 true JPS5936024B2 (en) 1984-08-31

Family

ID=14014935

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP9102381A Expired JPS5936024B2 (en) 1981-06-12 1981-06-12 Cylindrical or bag-shaped textile product embroidery equipment

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5936024B2 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0313849Y2 (en) * 1984-06-25 1991-03-28
JPH0521694Y2 (en) * 1985-05-10 1993-06-03

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62162066A (en) * 1986-01-13 1987-07-17 大和工芸株式会社 Method and frame for embroidering cylindrical cloth

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0313849Y2 (en) * 1984-06-25 1991-03-28
JPH0521694Y2 (en) * 1985-05-10 1993-06-03

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS57205570A (en) 1982-12-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4572094A (en) Sewing machine with workpiece differential transport device
JPS5936024B2 (en) Cylindrical or bag-shaped textile product embroidery equipment
EP0220368A3 (en) Process and device to make quilted articles
RU2002112991A (en) EMBROIDERY METHOD
JPH0234194A (en) Method and device for converting sewing direction for multiple needle flat sewing machine and device
KR890004828B1 (en) Method & apparatus for supplying cloth to sewing machine
JPH07316973A (en) Method for embroidering cloth and embroidered cloth
US2141294A (en) Embroidering machine
JPH0432382Y2 (en)
US3671352A (en) Method for making panty hoses
JPH064874Y2 (en) Automatic sewing machine removal device
JPS624306Y2 (en)
JPH1053951A (en) Embroidery processing of larger pattern than fabric-spreading frame
US3262408A (en) Work-holding and feeding device for looping rope
JPS602230Y2 (en) Frame device for sewing cylindrical or bag-shaped textile products
JPH02268797A (en) Method and apparatus for threefold sewing of cloth hem
JPH11319353A (en) Automatic sewing machine for slender cloth
US1059113A (en) Button-covering machine.
JPS6243500Y2 (en)
JPS623423Y2 (en)
JP2647247B2 (en) Method and apparatus for holding cloth of sewing machine
JPS5933791U (en) Device for turning over objects to be embroidered during frame tensioning work for embroidering cylindrical or bag-like textile products
DE59403642D1 (en) Process for embroidering the needle and shuttle threads on the fabric of an embroidery machine
JP2656373B2 (en) Empty ring holding device of overlock sewing machine
JPH0136945Y2 (en)