JPS5936009B2 - Fluffed yarn and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a substantially untwisted multifilament consisting of a monofilament having intermittent abrasion marks on the side surface, which has fine crimps, and has a large number of cut surfaces that become fluff and protrude from the spinning wheel body. When false-twisting a fluffed yarn with a spun yarn-like texture and a thermoplastic multifilament using a friction false-twisting device having a friction member made of a wear-resistant material, the constituent monofilaments are significantly damaged and then overfed. The present invention relates to a method of producing a fluffed yarn having a texture similar to the above-mentioned spun yarn by performing an entanglement treatment.

Synthetic filament threads have a smooth and cold feel compared to spun yarns, or have a slimy feel that is unique to synthetic fibers, and when woven into fabrics, they have little heat retention and lack warmth in both feel and appearance. have.

For this reason, there has been a method for obtaining yarn with the appearance, feel, heat retention, etc. of spun yarn, and a high degree of uniformity by adding fluff loops etc. to continuous multifilament yarn, and the yarn obtained thereby. Many others have been introduced.

For example, a method in which fluff is generated by cutting a part of the constituent filaments by bringing the filament yarn into contact with a high friction body or a blade (Japanese Patent Publication No. 39-6592 43-149
97 46-1974346-31824, etc.), fluff cut by twisting a continuous multifilament yarn and contacting it with a cutter after twisting to partially cut the single yarn constituting the yarn and then subjecting it to fluid treatment. A method of intertwining loops (Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-30735), a method of combining multiple filaments of different strength and elongation, twisting them strongly under high tension, cutting the filaments of low strength and then gluing them to prevent the fluff from falling off ( Japanese Patent Publication No. 44-30818) and a method of using acrylic filaments with relatively low strength and elongation and overfeeding them to a strong fluid injection area to disrupt and entangle the filaments and cut the single yarns in the surface layer ( Special Public Service 1977-1626
9) etc. have been proposed.

Although each of these methods can produce yarn with fluff similar to spun yarn, it is difficult to fine-tune the contact pressure and angle between the yarn and its contacting object when using a scraper or a knife, and this is especially true for ballooning. In this case, it is difficult to adjust the contacting body, and the contact body is abraded by the yarn and changes over time, making it difficult to obtain a yarn of uniform quality in the longitudinal direction of the yarn and between the yarns.

In addition, twisting methods for obtaining fluffy yarn by bringing highly twisted yarn into contact with a cutter include spindle-type false twisting, ring-type or Itari-set heating methods, but all of these methods have low processing speeds, and the spindle type has low processing speed. The fluff gets stuck on the pins, worsening operability.

Furthermore, applying glue to prevent fluff from falling off not only requires a treatment process, but also causes problems such as staining of the yarn path, and it is comparatively difficult to cause the yarn to be disturbed and cut by fluid. These methods are disadvantageous in terms of processing cost because extremely large power is required even when raw yarn with low mechanical strength and elongation is used.

The biggest drawback common to these methods is that when the threads obtained by these methods are made into cloth, pilling occurs significantly, making it difficult to wear in practical use.

In this way, there are many limiting factors, and very few have been commercialized.

Therefore, as a result of intensive research into these problems, the inventor of the present invention found that
The present invention was achieved by discovering a fluffed yarn that is bulky and has excellent anti-pilling properties, and a method for producing it stably at high speed.

That is, the present invention is a method of false-twisting a substantially untwisted multifilament made of monofilament having intermittent chafing on a part of the side surface and having an average breaking strength of 39/D or less and an average breaking elongation of 15% or less. Consisting of yarn, the monofilaments intertwine and sag to form a loop, and a large number of fluffs protrude from the basic body, and the large number of fluffs has a fluff length of 2 mm or more and has an average fluff index of 500 pieces/1.
A fluffed yarn characterized by having a surface roughness of 0 m or more and a thermoplastic multifilament yarn with a surface roughness of more than 68 and 15
False-twisting was performed at a speed ratio of 3 to 6 using one friction false-twisting device consisting of two to three rotating drive shafts having three to nine friction members made of wear-resistant material with a speed ratio of 8 or less. 2 to 1 after
This is a method for producing fluffed yarn characterized by performing fluid entanglement treatment in a 0% overfeed state.

Here, "substantially no twist" refers to normal multifilament yarn twist, that is, the number of twists of about 50 T/M or less.

In the present invention, it is very important to keep the breaking strength and elongation of the monofilament yarn at an average value of 3.9/D or less and 15% or less at the same time as false twisting, which is different from the case of ordinary false twisted yarn. The value is 4 to 5 g/D, which is much lower than 30% or more, but by causing such large damage to the yarn, fluff can be sufficiently generated even by fluid entanglement treatment under overfeed. The crimp provided by the false twisting process not only reduces the damage to the nip rollers in the drawing zone to a virtually negligible extent when stretching, but also allows single fibers to easily break under low tension. By preventing the loss of the fibers and promoting the shedding of the surface fuzz of the obtained fabric, it is possible to completely eliminate the occurrence of repilling.

In order to apply the strong twist necessary for false twisting to multifilament yarns that cause such damage, it is necessary to use a large number of disks made of abrasion-resistant material, such as ceramic members or ceramic sprayed on a metal base. A stacked two- to three-axis false twisting device is optimal.

Conventionally, pink ive rotating bodies have been widely used as false twisting devices, but if this is used to apply an excessively strong twist to the yarn in order to cause the high degree of damage required in the present invention, If the yarn during processing breaks before a decrease in strength and elongation occurs, or if the cross-sectional shape of the spin is made into a prismatic shape or if false twisting is performed under high tension using underfeed, the filament may become attached to the pins due to the generation of fuzz during processing. It must be said that it is practically impossible for the pins to get stuck, making it impossible to operate, and for square pins to fall down due to the friction of the corners.

In addition, flexible urethane-based friction members that are widely used as friction members cannot be used because they wear out without causing much damage to the threads and cannot withstand long-term use.

Therefore, a friction member made of the above-mentioned wear-resistant material is an essential requirement for the purpose of the present invention. In other words, when expressed in terms of finished surface roughness, those having a surface roughness of 5S to 1588 degrees, particularly those exceeding 6S and not more than 158 degrees, are suitable.

The S designation here refers to the surface condition measured by the stylus method, and when the average height difference between peaks and valleys is 2μ, it is called IS.

Therefore, it is preferable that the height difference is 10 to 30 μm.

Two or three rotating drive shafts, each made by stacking discs with such surface roughness in multiple stages, are combined so that the discs do not touch each other and are embedded in each other to an appropriate depth, and the threads are inserted between them. When the yarn is run on the shaft while touching the circumference of the disk, the rotation of the disk causes the yarn to rotate and get heated, causing the fibers arranged on the surface of the yarn to come into contact with the rough surface of the disk. The material is damaged due to the severe cutting action.

This cutting action occurs only on the outermost peripheral surface of the heated multifilament, and the inner fibers are not affected in any way, but as is well known, the single fibers in the heated multifilament yarn undergo migration, which causes mutual damage within the cross section. Since all the single fibers are placed in the outer layer part at an appropriate period by exchanging their positions, all the single fibers in a certain section will be damaged by cutting with appropriate displacement.

FIG. 1 shows examples of these abrasion marks taken with a scanning electron microscope, and it can be seen that the abrasion marks occur along the axial direction of the fibers.

This is because when the friction member and the thread come into contact, the outer fibers of the thread are aligned in the same direction as the direction of movement of the friction member.

Of these intermittent scratch marks, the most severely damaged part is cut in the next fluid entanglement process or stretching process, but since the points are offset from each other, the cut point for each single fiber is in the longitudinal direction. As a result, fluff with appropriate spacing variations can be obtained as a multifilament.

Moreover, the damaged parts that are not cut and turned into fluff are easily cut and fall off when rubbed during wear, and play a very important role in preventing pilling.

As mentioned above, it is essential to use a friction member made of wear-resistant material in order to apply not only a heating effect but also damage to the yarn as a friction false twisting device. It must be selected appropriately depending on the structure of the friction false twisting device or the physical properties of the yarn to be processed.

In other words, a 3-shaft type twister, in which rotating disks are assembled in multiple stages on three drive shafts, has a lower damage force than a 2-shaft type twister because the frictional resistance of the threads passing through it is lower, so if anything, it is It is better to use a rougher finish on the disk surface or increase the number of disks.

In addition, compared to polyester and nylon, materials such as acrylic, promix, and acetate, which have lower knot strength and elongation, are made by stacking a smaller number of smooth-surfaced disks with relatively low surface roughness. I prefer things.

In addition, the speed ratio between the yarn and the disk periphery (= disk peripheral speed/yarn withdrawal speed) is also important as a processing condition, and the speed ratio used in normal false twisting is around 1.8 to 2.5. If the speed ratio is lower than this, the tension of the yarn during processing will fluctuate violently and unevenness will occur, and if it is higher than this, the heating effect will hardly increase, so they are not used together. It is preferable to use the vicinity because damage as described below can be caused to the filament.

However, in short, by selecting these conditions, it is possible to give a sufficiently high number of false twists to greatly increase the bulkiness of the fluffed yarn, and furthermore, the average breaking strength and elongation of the constituent monofilaments are 39/39/1, respectively.
It should be set so that it is 15% or less below D.

However, if the yarn is excessively damaged and a lot of fluff is generated in the false twisting area, the fluff may wrap around the delivery roller and break the yarn, or the fluff ends may scatter and stain the area around the machine stand, which is undesirable. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid the generation of a large amount of fuzz in the false twisting area, and it goes without saying that damage to the yarn must be kept at a level that is sufficient to maintain stable operability.

This level is the breaking strength at which the yarn can withstand processing tension, and if expressed in single fiber strength, one guideline is around 0.6 g/D.

Next, if the false-twisted yarn, which has been significantly damaged by partially cutting the sides of some of the component single yarns as described above, is subsequently subjected to fluid entanglement treatment in an overfeed state, fluff will occur and entanglement between the component filaments will occur. If the number of fluffs generated is insufficient, the yarn subjected to the above false twisting process is stretched and a part of the constituent single yarns is cut to generate fluff, followed by fluid entanglement treatment. It's good to do that.

When stretching the yarn, care must be taken because if the elongation is greater than the elongation at break, the yarn will naturally break in the stretched region, making continuous operation difficult.

The fuzz index of spun yarn increases as the fuzz length becomes shorter, and there are significant differences depending on the variety, but as shown in the representative example shown in Figure 2, the fuzz index for yarns of 2 mm or more is usually 500/10? If it is 7L or more, a soft and warm feel unique to spun yarn can be obtained, so it is essential that the yarn of the present invention also have this value.

Here, ester cotton blend yarn 45'S, * indicates acrylic spun yarn 40'S.

In order to meet these conditions, the fluid entanglement processing conditions and elongation rate must be determined through trial and error depending on the type of multifilament to be processed, physical properties, false twisting processing conditions, etc., but as a guideline for the elongation rate, It seems that the elongation at break should be about 20 to 80% of the monofilament constituent monofilament of the yarn after false twisting.

The elongation rate referred to here is defined as , but there is a discrepancy between the supplied tension when the processed yarn is supplied to the elongation area and the initial load (0.05 g/D) when measuring the breaking strength and elongation. Therefore, the relationship between elongation at break and elongation cannot be strictly defined, and the above ranges are also reference values.

There are no strict restrictions on the length of the stretching region, that is, the distance between the nip point of the supply roller and take-off roller, but if it is too short, yarn unevenness will increase, probably because single yarn breakage will occur intensively. Moreover, the overall occurrence of fuzz is also small, which is not preferable.

Also, if the distance between the nip points is too long, the frequency of fuzz will decrease and the fuzz will tend to become longer, which is undesirable. Therefore, in order to obtain a processed yarn with small thread irregularities and a relatively high frequency of fuzz, the distance between the nip points should be 50m7IL or more. 500mML, more preferably 100mm to 200in is suitable.

When subjected to stretching treatment after false twisting, the strength and elongation of the constituent monofilaments tends to further decrease, but this is so small as to be almost negligible.

However, regardless of the presence or absence of stretching treatment, the breaking strength and elongation of false twisted yarn itself is low, so if it is put into practical use as it is, it will break if it is subjected to tension or is squeezed in the subsequent process. Since there is a risk of causing other problems, overfeeding is performed using a nozzle with a performance that can give an entangling effect to the yarns by vortex flow, which causes the multifilaments to become entangled with each other and also to prevent fuzz generated by fluid treatment. In addition, it improves strength and elongation, and provides practical performance that can withstand the post-processing of, for example, turned knitting and weaving tubes.

A fluid nozzle, which is an example of a fluid entanglement processing device used in this case, has one or several fluid introduction holes without being eccentric to the yarn path, and the injected fluid is oriented parallel to the yarn axis. Conventional methods such as forming more than one vortex may be used.

Air is the cheapest, safest, and most practical fluid.

It is essential that the threads supplied to the entanglement area be overfed by about 2 to 10% in order to generate fuzz and to enhance the entanglement effect between filaments.

Furthermore, if it is necessary to improve the practical performance of the obtained yarn and/or for aesthetic requirements, other yarns may be fed in parallel to the entangled area and fed to the same nozzle for false twisting. It is also possible to intertwine the applied yarn or the yarn of the present invention which has been further fluffed by stretching treatment.

The yarn of the present invention treated in this way has sufficient practical performance, so there is no need for additional twisting when used alone, but when used together with other yarns, both It goes without saying that there is no harm in heating up Mengyi for the sake of entanglement.

The yarn thus produced by the method of the present invention becomes a fluffed yarn with a spun yarn-like appearance and bulkiness due to crimping, and knitted fabrics using this yarn are soft and warm. It has a pleasant feel not found in conventional textured yarns.

Next, a third overview of the apparatus for carrying out the present invention will be explained.
This will be explained using the figure as an example.

The continuous multi-filament 1 passes through a guide 2, a feed roller 3, and a heater 4, and then is transferred to a rotating disk 5 of a friction false twisting device 7, which has disks 5 made of wear-resistant material arranged in multiple stages on a shaft 6. Runs under pressure.

It is preferable to make the surface speed of the disk 50 as high as possible during operation, and by setting the speed ratio to 3.0 to 6.0, which is higher than the speed ratio of 1.8 to 2.5 in normal false twisting, damage to the side surfaces of the surface fibers can be prevented. increase

The size of the disc 5 used here is not particularly limited, and may be a very common disc of about 50 mm in diameter and 4 to 7 mm in thickness.

In addition, by appropriately adjusting the surface roughness of the disc as a friction member, the interval between the number of attached discs, or the number of shafts depending on the material or physical properties of the yarn to be supplied, it is easy to process a yarn with a predetermined breaking strength and elongation. Can be done.

Furthermore, there are no particular limitations on the structure of the friction false twisting device (usually it is a cylindrical type with the inner periphery called a bush where the threads are in contact with each other, as long as the thread welding part is made of a friction member made of a wear-resistant material). It can be fully used for the present invention.

The yarn thus obtained is guided to the delivery roller 8 through the untwisting area A, and is continuously passed between the delivery roller 8 and the stretching roller 90 by approximately 20% of the elongation at break of the monofilament constituting the yarn. It is drawn at a stretching rate of about 80%, and a part of the constituent single yarns are cut off, causing a large amount of fuzz.

This yarn is then supplied in an oversupply state to the fluid entanglement processing device 10 installed in the entanglement area C between the stretching roller 9 and the nip roller 11 rotating at a slower circumferential speed, and the yarn is entangled. processed.

Through this entanglement process, more fluff is generated, the ends of the fluff are entangled with the yarn body, the strength and cohesiveness of the yarn are improved, sufficient practical performance is provided, and the winding roller 13
The surface 1 is wound onto a package 12 which is driven by.

There is no problem in applying oiling as appropriate when rolling up, or even applying oiling to other packages as necessary after rolling up.

However, when using it for applications that require even greater strength and elongation, or when trying to obtain a unique effect or a special composite effect, as shown in FIG. It is also possible to introduce threads 14 such as shrunken threads or spun and pickled threads, and while overfeeding the fluffed threads of the present invention, these threads 14 may be fed to the entanglement nozzle in a lined manner and entangled.

Although not shown in the drawings, the processed yarn of the present invention that has been subjected to fluid treatment may be twisted with or without overfeeding other yarns.

15 is a package. Apart from the method of performing the false twisting and stretching processing continuously as described above, the method of the present invention can also be achieved by immediately overfeeding the significantly damaged false twisted L yarn as shown in Fig. 5 and subjecting it to the fluid entanglement process. A fluffed yarn is obtained.

That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the yarn 1' sent out from the delivery roller 8 is subjected to an entanglement treatment in an entanglement area C' between the delivery roller 8 and the nip roller 11, and then wound around the package 16. .

Note that even in this case, other continuous multifilament yarns, crimped yarns, spun yarns, or other yarns may be introduced from the delivery roller 8.

As raw threads that can be applied to the present invention, multifilaments of thermoplastic mono-synthetic fibers that can be false-twisted can be used even when they are folded, but in particular polyester, nylon, acrylic, or Promix, which are often used for outer garments, can be used. Materials such as are suitable.

Among these, acrylic and Promix belong to a group in which the material itself has low knot strength and elongation, but the friction false twisting device made of the wear-resistant material, which is a feature of the present invention, can also be used for these materials. By applying one rotational drive according to the method, it is possible to easily generate a cut edge during stretching.

In order to maintain appropriate strength and elongation as a yarn even after the monofilament is damaged and partially broken, and to exhibit sufficient funness to withstand practical use in post-processing through entanglement treatment, the structure of the yarn must be adjusted. It is desirable that the number of filaments be large to some extent, and therefore it is preferable that the monofilament denier be thinner, but considering the bending hardness of the resulting yarn, it is preferable to use monofilaments of 1 to 2, which are widely used in ordinary spun yarns.
It can be said that a thickness around D is an appropriate range.

Examples of various multifilaments processed according to the present invention are shown in the attached table.

Samples A 1 and 5 in the same table. 7 8 10
11 12 14 16 1720.21,2
3 relates to the present invention, sample plate 2 3 4 6
9 13 15 18 1922 relates to a comparative example.

The processing speed was 400 m/mm in both cases, and the heater length of the false twisting machine was 15 m.

Samples //61-8 are regular polyester (5
After false twisting using a 2- or 3-axis type twister consisting of 3 to 9 ceramic disks with a surface roughness of 3 to 158 using a 0D-72f) at a speed ratio of 2.5 to 4.8. , continuously stretched at a stretching rate of 2-4%, and then immediately stretched at a stretching rate of 3%.
High pressure air (2.5kg/iG
) and rolled up after being entangled.

The /461 sample is an example in which three disks with a surface roughness of 108 were processed under the conditions indicated by a two-axis, X-coupled twister, and the strength and elongation of the monofilament met the conditions of the present invention. The knitted fabric obtained using this method was covered with a moderate amount of fluff and had an excellent warm feel.

Furthermore, the pilling resistance was comparable to or slightly better than that of ordinary ester cotton blended spun yarn.

On the other hand, even if the surface roughness of the ceramic periphery of Twister is lowered to 38.68 (sample area 2°3), the appearance of the knitted fabric is poor due to insufficient number of fluffs even if the elongation rate during elongation is high. The poor top monofilament had high strength and elongation, so it had poor anti-pilling properties and was not practical.

For those with a disk surface roughness of 6S, when the number of disks was increased to 6 (/16.6), the fuzz index increased, but the strength was slightly higher than that of monofilament, and this also had poor pilling characteristics and could not be put to practical use. .

Samples /164 and 5 had the speed ratio changed, but /i6.4, which had a lower speed ratio, generated sufficient fuzz, but the elongation of the monofilament was slightly high and pilling was high.
It was bad.

In addition, J165, which had a higher speed ratio, was very preferable as it had lower toughness than Scrap 1.

Sample /16.8 was processed using a 3-axis twister with three ceramic discs installed on each of the three rotating shafts, and in this case, although the number of discs has increased compared to /16.1. Although both strength and elongation increased, it showed good anti-build properties and a spun yarn-like effect due to fluff.

/16.9 was a processed yarn produced using a normal pin-type false twisting machine, and there was no fuzz at all, so it had good anti-pilling properties, but it was far from the appearance and texture of spun yarn. It was something.

As mentioned above, the strength and elongation of the fluffed yarn monofilament is 3.
If it is less than 15% g/D, it will be easily cut by stretching and generate many fluffs, and the fluff ends will give a spun yarn-like feel that is not seen in conventional processed yarns without any worry of pilling. Moreover, it had a beautiful appearance that was far more uniform and free from unevenness than that of spun yarn.

Al0-11 is basic dyeable polyester 150D-7
In an example in which the present invention was applied to 2f, fluid entanglement was achieved immediately after false twisting without stretching as in the method shown in FIG. 5, and it showed extremely excellent anti-pilling properties.

In particular, in the case of 412, regular ester filament processed yarn 50D/24f is supplied in a row to the fluid entanglement area when processing All, and the yarn of the present invention is entangled while overfeeding the regular processed yarn by +5%. However, the woven and knitted fabrics in which this is incorporated into the weft yarns have a unique effect, soft bulk, and a beautiful appearance with excellent commercial value.

On the other hand, A6.13 is based on the conventional Pink Eve machine,
Like /169, it was an extremely common processed yarn.

A6.16 is produced by applying the method of the present invention to Promix fiber 150D-76f and knitting it into two fluffy yarns into a Milano rib. The soft touch makes it a high-quality knit fabric that has never been seen before.

/16.17 is a product in which normal pin type processed yarn (Promix fiber 75D-25f) is supplied and entangled in the entanglement area during processing of A16, and the bulkiness is improved.

An example of a normal pin-type processed yarn is shown in /1618, and although the beautiful luster was unrivaled, it did not give the feel of a spun yarn.

/%19 had a low fluff index and had a poor appearance and feel.

420 was good.

/1621 was well received for its plump and soft feel.

/1622 had an excessively high overfeed rate, resulting in a high fuzz index, a problem with pilling, and a somewhat unsightly appearance.

In addition, the fuzz index refers to the number of fuzz between two gauges using F-index (manufactured by Shikishimabo Co., Ltd.), and the average breaking strength and elongation are measured by taking out the fuzz from the yarn using a constant velocity extension type tensile tester without damaging it. Trial 207n per monofilament
7IL, initial load 0.05.9/D.

This is the average value of 20 values measured at a tensile rate of 100%.

For comparison, the fluff index of fluff of 1mML or more for the fluff of /16.21 is shown in Figure 23.

/1623 detected fine loops on the yarn surface in addition to fluff of 1 mm or more, and was unsuitable for evaluating the fluffed yarn of the present invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a side view showing abrasion marks in the side direction of polyester filament that has been false twisted with a disk made of a wear-resistant material (ceramic) with a rough surface, and Figure 2 is a side view showing scratches in the side direction of polyester filament that has been false twisted with a disk made of a wear-resistant material (ceramic) with a rough surface.
Graph showing the relationship between the fuzz length and the fuzz index measured using the F-index tester manufactured by Shikishima Boseki Co., Ltd., No. 3
The figure is a side view showing an example of a device suitable for carrying out the method of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a side view showing an example of a device for introducing and entangling other threads into the fluid entanglement region in the method of the present invention. Side view, 5th
The figure is a side view showing an example of an apparatus for carrying out the method of FIG. 3 without stretching. 1... Raw yarn for fluffing, 3... Feed roller, 4... Heater, 7...
Friction false twisting device, 8...Delivery roller, 9.
- Curved stretching roller, 10... fluid entanglement processing device, 11... nip roller, 14...
Raw yarn for entanglement.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A virtually untwisted multifilament tentatively made of monofilament having intermittent abrasion marks on a part of the side surface and having an average breaking strength of 3 g/D or less and an average breaking elongation of 15% or less. Consisting of twisted yarn, the monofilaments intertwine and sag to form loops, and a large number of fluffs protrude from the spinning wheel body, and the large number of fluffs includes fluffs with a fluff length of 2 mm or more with an average fluff index of 500. / A fluffed yarn characterized by having a length of 10 m or more. 2 A friction member made of a wear-resistant material having a surface roughness of more than 68 and less than or equal to 158 is made of thermoplastic multifilament yarn from 3 to 9.
False twisting is performed at a speed ratio of 3 to 6 using a single frictional false twisting device consisting of two to three rotational drive shafts, and then fluid entanglement is performed in a 2 to 10% overfeed state. A method for producing fluffed yarn, characterized by subjecting it to.