JPS5935875B2 - Method for producing coated granular fertilizer - Google Patents
Method for producing coated granular fertilizerInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5935875B2 JPS5935875B2 JP52125813A JP12581377A JPS5935875B2 JP S5935875 B2 JPS5935875 B2 JP S5935875B2 JP 52125813 A JP52125813 A JP 52125813A JP 12581377 A JP12581377 A JP 12581377A JP S5935875 B2 JPS5935875 B2 JP S5935875B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fertilizer
- rosin
- wax
- parts
- granular fertilizer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- Fertilizers (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は安価な難溶性被覆粒状肥料の製造方法に関する
ものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing an inexpensive, poorly soluble coated granular fertilizer.
近年、農業技術の進歩に伴い施肥量についても多収の目
的及び施肥回数の減少による省力化を図るため一度に多
量の施肥を行なうようになっている。In recent years, with the advancement of agricultural technology, a large amount of fertilizer has been applied at one time for the purpose of increasing yield and saving labor by reducing the number of times of fertilization.
このため肥料の形態も作物の生育に適合して必要な時期
に必要量の肥効成分を吸収させるように土壌中での肥料
の溶出速度の調整、濃度障害、肥効成分の流亡、固定等
の成分損失の防止を達成でき長期に亘り各養分を作物に
供給しうるものが望まれるようになっている。For this reason, the form of the fertilizer is adapted to the growth of the crop, and the rate of elution of the fertilizer into the soil is adjusted, concentration disturbance, runoff of the fertilizing ingredients, fixation, etc., in order to absorb the required amount of fertilizing ingredients at the required time. There is a growing demand for something that can prevent the loss of nutrients and supply various nutrients to crops over a long period of time.
この目的のために従来肥料表面を各種有機高分子化合物
や、油脂、ワックス等の耐水性被膜で被覆した粒状肥料
が知られているが、この種の被覆肥料は、製造時に粘着
性、曳糸性によるブロッキング現象が起りやすいこと、
被覆処理原料を熱処理被覆したときピンホールの発生が
生じやすく一回の処理ではピンホール発生を押えること
がむづかしく厚膜被覆が必要でコスト高になること更に
は水中での機械的強度が弱いことなどにより肥料の溶出
抑制効果は充分達成されていないのが実情である。For this purpose, granular fertilizers are conventionally known in which the surface of the fertilizer is coated with a water-resistant coating such as various organic polymer compounds, oils, fats, waxes, etc.; Gender-based blocking phenomenon is likely to occur;
When heat-treated coating raw materials are coated, pinholes tend to occur, making it difficult to prevent pinholes from occurring in a single treatment and requiring thick coating, which increases costs.Furthermore, mechanical strength under water is poor. The reality is that the effect of suppressing fertilizer elution has not been sufficiently achieved due to its weakness.
メルク、珪藻上等の鉱物質粉末を液状樹脂に混合して使
用したり、樹脂粘液をスプレー後粉状樹脂をまぶし熱処
理することによって比較的丈夫な皮膜を形成することも
できるが多層処理と同様肥料粒子表面に凹凸が生じやす
く処理工程が複雑となる難点がある。It is also possible to form a relatively durable film by mixing mineral powder such as Merck or diatom with liquid resin, or by spraying resin slime and then applying powdered resin and heat treating, but this is similar to multilayer treatment. This method has the disadvantage that unevenness tends to occur on the surface of the fertilizer particles, complicating the processing process.
パラフィンワックスは低温で溶融し、安価であり土壌中
で微生物により分解されるため被覆材として適している
が肥料粒子中に浸透し易いので少量の処理では緩効化は
期待できないし、耐磨耗性、接着性に乏しいため肥料粒
子に被覆した場合輸送中亀裂、局部的剥離等の皮膜の破
壊を生じ緩効化の効果を期待しえない虞れがある。Paraffin wax melts at low temperatures, is inexpensive, and is decomposed by microorganisms in the soil, making it suitable as a coating material, but it easily penetrates into fertilizer particles, so slow release cannot be expected when treated in small quantities, and it is not abrasion resistant. Because of its poor adhesiveness and adhesion, when it is coated on fertilizer particles, it may cause damage to the film such as cracking or localized peeling during transportation, and the effect of slowing release may not be expected.
更に夏期高温時には軟化し易(変形、団結の原因ともな
る。Furthermore, it tends to soften during high temperatures in the summer (causing deformation and clumping).
又ブレンドワックスは、パラフィンワックスと二種以上
のポリアルキレンとPVAアルギン酸、デンプン、植物
ゴム(アラビアゴム)、繊維素誘導体(CMC)等の分
散剤を含む混合ワックスで通常パラフィンワックス80
〜20重量部、ポリアルキレン20〜80重量部分散剤
1〜5重量部からなり、パラフィンワックスに耐水性、
耐磨耗性を付与したものであり、安価で高融点(100
℃前後)であるが、やム機械的強度が低(、水中での溶
出抑制能に乏しいため厚い被覆が必要となる欠点をもつ
。Blend wax is a mixed wax containing paraffin wax, two or more types of polyalkylene, and a dispersant such as PVA alginic acid, starch, vegetable gum (gum arabic), or cellulose derivative (CMC), and is usually paraffin wax 80.
~20 parts by weight, 20 to 80 parts by weight of polyalkylene, and 1 to 5 parts by weight of a dispersant, which imparts water resistance to paraffin wax.
It has abrasion resistance, is inexpensive and has a high melting point (100
℃), but its mechanical strength is low (and its ability to suppress elution in water is poor, requiring a thick coating).
こNで用いられるポリアルキレンとしてはポリエチレン
、ポリプロピレン、ポリブチレン、ポリヘキシレン等が
あるが、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレンが一般的である
。Polyalkylene used in this N includes polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, polyhexylene, etc., but polyethylene and polypropylene are common.
一方ロジンは安価で土壌分解性があり硬い皮膜を形成す
るため水中での機械的強度はすぐれているが溶融物を被
覆する場合は団粒化、曳糸性が激しく均一な皮膜を形成
することが困難でピンホールをなくすこともできにくい
。On the other hand, rosin is inexpensive, decomposable in soil, and forms a hard film that has excellent mechanical strength in water, but when coating a molten material, it is highly agglomerated and stringy, forming a uniform film. It is difficult to remove pinholes.
本発明者等は上記のパラフィンワックス、ブレンドワッ
クス、ロジンが夫々単一では欠点の多い被覆資材である
が、パラフィンワックスとロジン若しくはブレンドワッ
クスとロジンの組合わせにより任意の割合で共融し流動
性の良い共融物を形成することに着目し両者の共融物で
粒状肥料を処理するときには共融物が内部まで充分浸透
し且少量で極めて堅固な皮膜を形成し硬度、耐磨耗性、
耐水性、接着性が極めて良好な被覆材となることを見い
出した。The present inventors have discovered that paraffin wax, blended wax, and rosin are coating materials that have many drawbacks when used alone, but by combining paraffin wax and rosin or blended wax and rosin in any ratio, they can be eutectic and fluid. Focusing on the formation of a eutectic with good hardness, when treating granular fertilizer with a eutectic of both, the eutectic penetrates into the interior sufficiently and forms an extremely firm film in a small amount, resulting in improved hardness, abrasion resistance,
It has been found that the coating material has extremely good water resistance and adhesion.
本発明はかXる知見に基づいて達成されたもの−C−ア
って本発明の方法はパラフィンワックス若しくはブレン
ドワックスと30〜80%(重i)のロジンを混合し加
熱共融液とし該共融液で粒状肥料を処理し被覆すること
を特徴とする。The present invention has been achieved based on the above findings.-C-A The method of the present invention involves mixing paraffin wax or blended wax with 30 to 80% (weight i) of rosin and heating it to form a eutectic liquid. It is characterized by treating and coating granular fertilizer with a eutectic solution.
この場合被覆率は通常は2〜10%、好ましくは3〜5
%とするが、これは溶出率の設定値に依存し任意に変更
することができる。In this case, the coverage is usually 2 to 10%, preferably 3 to 5%.
%, but this depends on the set value of the elution rate and can be changed arbitrarily.
本発明において使用する粒状肥料としてはリン酸塩肥料
、カリ肥料、窒素肥料及び窒素、リン、カリを含有する
合成肥料であって一般に行なわれる転勤方法、パドルミ
キサー等によって製造すれた粒状肥料は総て使用されろ
。The granular fertilizers used in the present invention include phosphate fertilizers, potassium fertilizers, nitrogen fertilizers, and synthetic fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and all granular fertilizers manufactured by the commonly used transfer method, paddle mixer, etc. Be used.
一方処理液であるパラフィンワックスとロジン若しくは
ブレンドワックスとロジンの共融液について説明すると
、パラフィンワックスは約40〜70℃の軟化点を有し
、特に高融点のもの以外は夏期高温時に変形、固結の虞
れがある。On the other hand, to explain the eutectic solution of paraffin wax and rosin or blended wax and rosin, which are processing liquids, paraffin wax has a softening point of approximately 40 to 70°C, and waxes other than those with a particularly high melting point deform and solidify during high temperatures in summer. There is a risk that it will end.
硬度は低くその皮膜は極めて脆弱である。Its hardness is low and its film is extremely fragile.
又ブレンドワックスは粘度が150℃で450 cp
と高(流動性に欠ける。Also, the viscosity of blended wax is 450 cp at 150°C.
and high (lack of liquidity).
一方ロジンはワットロジン、トール油ロジン、ガムロジ
ンがあり融点は80〜90°Cであり溶融液粘度は低い
が、被覆時間粒化が激しく溶融液による被覆処理を行な
うことは困難である。On the other hand, rosin includes Watt rosin, tall oil rosin, and gum rosin, and although the melting point is 80 to 90°C and the viscosity of the melt is low, granulation during coating is severe and it is difficult to perform a coating treatment with the melt.
しかるに両者の共融液は極めて流動性に富み被覆処理が
容易であり低い被覆率で大きい溶出抑制効果を発揮する
皮膜を形成することが可能である。However, both eutectic liquids have extremely high fluidity and are easy to coat, making it possible to form a film that exhibits a large elution-suppressing effect with a low coverage rate.
本発明方法で使用するパラフィンワックスとロジン若し
くはブレンドワックスとロジンとの混合割合には最適な
混合組成範囲が存在し、この範囲を外れると耐磨耗性、
接着性の向上及び肥料溶出抑制効果は期待できない。There is an optimal mixing composition range for the mixing ratio of paraffin wax and rosin or blended wax and rosin used in the method of the present invention, and outside this range, the abrasion resistance and
The effect of improving adhesion and suppressing fertilizer elution cannot be expected.
即ちパラフィンワックス若しくはブレンドワックスに対
して30〜80%(重量)、好ましくは40〜70%の
ロジンを添加し加熱した共融液を粒状肥料に被覆するこ
とで所期の効果が達成できるものである。That is, the desired effect can be achieved by coating the granular fertilizer with a heated eutectic solution in which 30 to 80% (by weight), preferably 40 to 70%, of rosin is added to paraffin wax or blended wax. be.
その理由としてロジンの混合量が30%未満では水中で
の耐水強度が低下し皮膜が脆弱となり皮膜の破壊が急速
に進行して溶出抑制能を喪失するものと考えられ更にワ
ックス成分が多いため肥料の固結性が夏期高温時に著し
い。The reason for this is that if the amount of rosin mixed is less than 30%, the water resistance strength in water will decrease, the film will become brittle, the film will rapidly break down, and the ability to suppress elution will be lost. Consolidation is remarkable during high temperatures in summer.
一方ロジンの量が80%を超えると粒状肥料への被覆時
に団粒化が著しく均一な皮膜の形成ができずピンホール
発生を防止することができな(なり、水に対するシール
性も低下し緩効性能が発現できないことになる。On the other hand, if the amount of rosin exceeds 80%, the granules will aggregate when coated on the granular fertilizer, making it impossible to form a uniform film and preventing the formation of pinholes. This means that efficacy cannot be expressed.
本発明の方法を実施するたやに使用するパラフィンワッ
クス−ロジン若しくはブレンドワックス−ロジン共融液
の被覆を行なう装置としては回転ドラム、皿型転動装置
等に粒状肥料を入れそれに噴霧して行なうか若しくは共
融液中に浸漬させて被覆する方法が挙げられる。The apparatus for coating the shed with paraffin wax-rosin or blended wax-rosin eutectic liquid used in the method of the present invention is a rotating drum, a dish-shaped rolling device, etc., in which granular fertilizer is placed and sprayed onto it. Alternatively, a method of coating by immersing in a eutectic liquid may be mentioned.
このようにして被覆された粒状肥料粒は表面に付着する
共融液を転動しながら冷却固化するか遠心分離機等で除
き回転冷却器により共融液の軟化点以下に冷却し冷却の
際、タルクの如き鉱物質粉末を添加すれば粒形を整える
ことができる。The granular fertilizer particles coated in this way are cooled and solidified while rolling the eutectic liquid adhering to the surface, or are removed using a centrifuge, etc., and cooled to below the softening point of the eutectic liquid using a rotary cooler. The particle shape can be adjusted by adding mineral powder such as talc.
このように本発明の方法を適用すれば通常水溶性とされ
る肥料粒を緩効性化し、分割施肥の必要がな(、父性な
うとしても施肥回数を著しく省略することができる。As described above, by applying the method of the present invention, fertilizer grains that are normally water-soluble can be made slow-release, and there is no need for divided fertilization (even if paternity is to be achieved, the number of fertilization times can be significantly reduced).
更に無、駄な流室、濃度障害の虞れもなく、肥料粒硬度
も高く吸湿性がいちgるしく低下させられているため貯
蔵取扱時の不都合がなく、流動性に富むため機械施肥に
も極めて好都合で農業の省力化に寄与する所太である。In addition, there is no risk of unnecessary flow chambers or concentration disturbances, and the hardness of the fertilizer grains is high and the moisture absorption is significantly reduced, so there is no inconvenience during storage and handling, and the high fluidity makes it suitable for mechanical fertilization. It is also extremely convenient and contributes to labor saving in agriculture.
次に実施例を挙げて本発明を詳述するが本発明はこれら
の実施例に限定されるものではない。Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.
実施例 1
粒径4〜5朋の塩尻燐安1号(N:P2O5:に2O−
14=14:14)2kgを120℃の雰囲気の回転パ
ン内で転勤せしめ、パラフィンワックス(融点68〜7
0℃)とロジンの配合比を任意に変えた130℃の混合
溶融液を粒状肥料に噴霧した後、冷風を吹き込んで冷却
固化するという方法で被覆率4.2%の被覆肥料を得た
。Example 1 Shiojiri Rin'an No. 1 (N:P2O5:N2O-
14=14:14) 2 kg was transferred in a rotating pan at 120°C, and paraffin wax (melting point 68-7
A coated fertilizer with a coverage rate of 4.2% was obtained by spraying a mixed melt at 130°C in which the blending ratio of 0°C) and rosin was sprayed onto granular fertilizer, and cooling and solidifying it by blowing cold air.
これらの肥料について溶出率を測定した結果を次表に示
す。The results of measuring the dissolution rate of these fertilizers are shown in the table below.
(溶出率は被覆肥料5グを100mlの水に浸漬し、3
0°Cで一定期間放置後、溶出したアンモニア態窒素量
を測定した。(The elution rate is calculated by soaking 5 g of coated fertilizer in 100 ml of water,
After being left at 0°C for a certain period of time, the amount of ammonia nitrogen eluted was measured.
)実施例 2
実施例1の方法において、パラフィンワックス50部と
ロジン50部の混合溶融液を用いて被覆率を任意に変え
た被覆肥料を得その溶出率を次に示す。) Example 2 Using the method of Example 1, coated fertilizers with varying coverage ratios were obtained using a mixed melt of 50 parts of paraffin wax and 50 parts of rosin, and the elution ratios are shown below.
実施例 3
粒径4〜5龍の塩尻燐安1号2kgを120°Cの雰囲
気の回転パン内で転勤せしめ、パラフィンワックス60
部、ポリプロピレン30部、ポリエチレン8部、ポリビ
ニルアルコール2部よりなるブレンドワックス50部と
ロジン50部の混合溶融液を粒状肥料に噴霧した後、冷
風を吹き込んで冷却固化し、被覆率を任意に変えた被覆
肥料を得た。Example 3 2 kg of Shiojiri Rin'an No. 1 with a particle size of 4 to 5 yen was transferred in a rotary pan in an atmosphere of 120°C, and paraffin wax 60
After spraying a molten mixture of 50 parts of a blended wax consisting of 30 parts of polypropylene, 8 parts of polyethylene, and 2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 50 parts of rosin onto granular fertilizer, the mixture was cooled and solidified by blowing cold air, and the coverage was changed arbitrarily. A coated fertilizer was obtained.
これらの肥料について溶出率を測定した結果を次に示す
。The results of measuring the dissolution rate of these fertilizers are shown below.
実施例 4
実施例3の方法において、パラフィンソックス50部、
ポリプロピレン25部、ポリエチレン23部、ポリビニ
ルアルコール2部よりなるブレンドワックス50部とロ
ジン50部の混合溶融液を用いて被覆率3.5%の被覆
肥料な得その溶出率を次表に示す。Example 4 In the method of Example 3, 50 parts of paraffin socks,
A coated fertilizer with a coverage of 3.5% was prepared using a mixed melt of 50 parts of blended wax consisting of 25 parts of polypropylene, 23 parts of polyethylene, and 2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 50 parts of rosin, and the elution rate thereof is shown in the following table.
実施例 5
粒径4〜51n11Lの塩尻燐安1号2kgを120℃
の雰囲気の回転パン内で転動させ、実施例3のブレンド
ワックス30部とロジン70部の混合溶融液を粒状肥料
に噴霧した後、冷風を吹き込んで冷却固化し、被覆率を
任意に変えた被覆肥料を得た。Example 5 2 kg of Shiojiri Rin'an No. 1 with a particle size of 4 to 51n11L was heated at 120°C
The fertilizer was rolled in a rotary pan in an atmosphere of A coated fertilizer was obtained.
又、比較例1としてブレンドワックスのみで、被覆率を
変えた被覆肥料を得その溶出率を次に示す。Further, as Comparative Example 1, coated fertilizers were obtained with varying coverage rates using only blended wax, and the elution rates are shown below.
実施例 6
粒径4〜5mmの窒素加里化成(N:に20−18:1
6)2kgを実施例1と同様の方法で製造し、パラフィ
ンワックス(融点68〜70℃)とロジンとの配合比を
任意に変えた被覆率5%の被覆肥料を得た。Example 6 Nitrogen-potassium chemical formation with a particle size of 4 to 5 mm (N: 20-18:1
6) 2 kg of fertilizer was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a coated fertilizer with a coverage rate of 5% by arbitrarily changing the blending ratio of paraffin wax (melting point 68 to 70°C) and rosin.
これらの肥料について溶出率を測定した結果を次表に示
す。The results of measuring the dissolution rate of these fertilizers are shown in the table below.
実施例 7
粒径3〜4mmの塩尻燐安1号2kgを120℃の雰囲
気の回転パン内で転勤せしめ、実施例3のブレンドワッ
クスとロジンの配合比を任意に変えた150℃の混合溶
融液を粒状肥料に噴霧後冷風を吹き込み冷却固化し、被
覆率4.3%の被覆肥料を得た。Example 7 2 kg of Shiojiri Rin'an No. 1 with a particle size of 3 to 4 mm was transferred in a rotary pan in an atmosphere of 120°C, and a mixed melt at 150°C was obtained by arbitrarily changing the blending ratio of the blended wax and rosin of Example 3. After spraying on granular fertilizer, cold air was blown to cool and solidify, to obtain a coated fertilizer with a coverage rate of 4.3%.
これらの肥料について溶出率を測定した結果を次表に示
す。The results of measuring the dissolution rate of these fertilizers are shown in the table below.
比較例 2
粒径4〜5mmの塩尻燐安1号2kgを120℃の雰囲
気の回転パン内で転勤せしめ、ブレンドワックス30部
と石油樹脂(ベトロジン130+)70部の混合融液を
肥料に噴霧した後、空冷し任意の被覆率の被覆肥料を得
た。Comparative Example 2 2 kg of Shiojiri Rin'an No. 1 with a particle size of 4 to 5 mm was transferred in a rotating pan in an atmosphere of 120°C, and a mixed melt of 30 parts of blended wax and 70 parts of petroleum resin (Vetrozin 130+) was sprayed onto the fertilizer. Afterwards, it was air cooled to obtain a coated fertilizer with an arbitrary coverage rate.
これらの肥料について溶出率を測定した結果を次表に示
す。The results of measuring the dissolution rate of these fertilizers are shown in the table below.
Claims (1)
ンを30〜80%(重量)混合し加熱共融液として粒状
肥料を被覆処理することを特徴とする被覆粒状肥料の製
造方法。1. A method for producing coated granular fertilizer, which comprises mixing 30 to 80% (by weight) of rosin with paraffin wax or blended wax and coating the granular fertilizer as a heated eutectic solution.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP52125813A JPS5935875B2 (en) | 1977-10-21 | 1977-10-21 | Method for producing coated granular fertilizer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP52125813A JPS5935875B2 (en) | 1977-10-21 | 1977-10-21 | Method for producing coated granular fertilizer |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS5460166A JPS5460166A (en) | 1979-05-15 |
JPS5935875B2 true JPS5935875B2 (en) | 1984-08-31 |
Family
ID=14919554
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP52125813A Expired JPS5935875B2 (en) | 1977-10-21 | 1977-10-21 | Method for producing coated granular fertilizer |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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JP (1) | JPS5935875B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05279158A (en) * | 1991-12-04 | 1993-10-26 | Korea Advanced Inst Of Sci Technol | Production of delayed release particulate fertilizer |
KR950006288B1 (en) * | 1992-07-09 | 1995-06-13 | 한국과학기술연구원 | Manufacturing method of fertilizer whose effectiveness lasts long |
-
1977
- 1977-10-21 JP JP52125813A patent/JPS5935875B2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS5460166A (en) | 1979-05-15 |
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