JPS5934856B2 - Stirling engine with rolling balls and guide groove mechanism - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Various mechanisms have been tried for Stirling engines, but they require volume changes and mutual movement of working gas between high and low temperature regions.

In the case of a single cylinder, various mechanisms are used to create a phase difference of around 90° in the movement of the displacer and the output screw I/N, but all of them, such as rhombic mechanisms and double crank mechanisms, have different shapes. It tends to get bigger.

The present invention attempts to optimally realize volume change and movement of working fluid using a simple and small device using rolling balls and guide grooves, and aims at downsizing and increasing efficiency of Stirling engines.

An embodiment of the present invention applied to a wall-heated star ring engine shown in FIG. 1 will be described.

The cylinder 6 includes an extrusion piston 4 and a displacer 8, which constitute a high temperature expansion chamber 17 and a low temperature compression chamber 16. The displacer 8 includes a regenerator 9, and the expansion chamber 17
and the compression chamber 16.

A high temperature heating source is located in the space 20 and heats the working gas filling the expansion chamber 11 through the cylinder wall 6'.

The low-temperature coolant is present in the space 21 and cools the working gas flowing into the compression chamber 16 through the cylinder wall surface 6 and the mold stone 4.

The axial displacement of the piston and displacer shown in FIG. At the top, the volume of the high temperature section is the smallest, and the volume of the low temperature section is close to the maximum, and the working gas is compressed in a state where the average temperature is low.

When the phase angle (1/2)π is reached, the compression ends, but the displacer 8 descends and the working gas flows into the high-temperature expansion chamber, where it is heated and the average temperature rises.

If the expansion continues under conditions of high average temperature, the volume is (3/2) π
It reaches its maximum in the vicinity, but at this time the displacer 8 has already reached its maximum.
passes the lowest point and the volume of the heating section decreases, reducing the average temperature to a compressible temperature.

When the phase angle is near 2π, the volume of the compression chamber 16 is near the maximum, and the compression chamber 16 is compressed at a low average temperature.

Therefore, if the movements of the output piston 4 and the displacer 8 follow the curves shown in FIG. 2, a Stirling cycle can be realized.

The rotating shaft 1 is sealed with a shaft seal 22 and can freely rotate through the bottom 6'' of the cylinder without moving in the axial direction, and the shaft end 2 has a pipe-like cylindrical shape,
A plurality of sets of guide grooves 3 having an arcuate cross section for guiding the rolling ball 5 are provided on the outer cylindrical surface at positions substantially balanced with the circumference.

The waveform of the axial displacement with respect to the circumferential angle of one guide groove is the second waveform.
As shown in the figure (above), it is a smooth wave almost like a sine wave, but the circumferential angle is divided so that it is approximately balanced, and multiple sets are provided that differ only in phase.

The rolling ball 5 is rotatably held at an appropriate position on the inner surface of the output piston 4, and is set at a position corresponding to the phase difference of each guide groove on the same circumference as many as the number of guide grooves.

The output piston 4 is restrained from rotating, and moves by the axial displacement of the waveform of the stop line of the guide groove 3 in FIG. 2 in response to the rotation of the rotary shaft 1, making one reciprocation per rotation.

A plurality of rolling balls 12 are rotatably held at appropriate positions on the cylindrical inner cylindrical surface of the shaft end 2, the shaft 10 of the displacer 8 is arranged inside the inner cylindrical surface, and the outer periphery of the shaft 10 is A guide groove 11 that rolls on a surface and contacts the ball 12 and guides it.
A plurality of sets are provided at approximately balanced positions.

The waveform of the axial displacement of the guide groove 11 with respect to the circumferential angle is smooth and similar to a sine wave as shown in FIG. The optimal shape is selected, which is different from the waveform.

The displacer 8 moves according to the rotation of the rotary shaft 1 by the amount of axial displacement of the waveform of the center line of the guide groove 11 in FIG. 2, and reciprocates once per rotation.

Linear reciprocating motion of rotation using rolling balls 5 and 12 and guide grooves 3 and 11 between the outer circumferential surface and inner circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 1 of the present invention and the output piston 4 and the shaft 10 of the displacer 8, respectively. With the conversion device, the most rational drive mechanism for the output piston 4 and displacer 8 required for the Stirling engine can be realized in a small and simple manner.

In the case shown in Fig. 1, the simplest wall heating type Stirling engine is used as an example, but the output piston 4 and the heating method using a heat tube, regenerator, cooler, etc. Displacer 8 is driven in exactly the same way.

In this case, the buffer space 15 can also have a pumping effect and preferably has lubricating oil circulating for cooling purposes.

7 is a piston seal.

The regenerator 9 includes a group of gas flow paths that function as a regenerator, and it is also possible to use a porous material.

13 is a displacer shaft seal, and 14 and 15 form part of a buffer space.

18, together with 18', are fins for promoting heating of the working gas;
9 is a cooling promotion fin.

In the Stirling engine of the present invention, the axis of the cylinder and the rotating shaft that is the output shaft are common, and it is also possible to reverse the fixed side and the rotating side.

That is, by fixing the rotating shaft 1 and rotating the cylinder 6, the displacement of the output piston 4 and the displacer 8 is made into the phase relationship necessary for a Stirling engine according to the rotation of the cylinder, similar to when the cylinder is fixed. be able to.

Therefore, as a axially rotating cylinder engine, it is possible to effectively carry out the flywheel action and heat transfer action on the cylinder side.

According to the present invention, the driving of the piston and the displacer in a displacer type cooling engine can be realized with an extremely compact and simple structure and an ideal phase relationship.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of the Stirling engine of the present invention, and is a schematic axial cross section of the engine body. Figure 2 is a developed view on the cylindrical surface of each of the plurality of guide grooves provided on the rotating shaft and the displacer shaft, where the vertical axis represents the axial displacement and the horizontal axis represents the same phase as the circumferential angle. ,
This is the circumferential angle at which each rolling ball exists. 1...Rotating shaft, 2...Shaft end, 3...
...Guide groove, 4...Output piston, 5...
...Rolling ball, 6...Cylinder, 7...
... Piston seal, 8 ... Displacer, 9 ... Regenerator, 10 ... Displacer shaft, 11 ... Guide groove, 12 ... ...
Rolling ball, 13...displacer shaft seal,
14, 15...Buffer space, 16...
...compression chamber, 17...expansion chamber, i s ,
i s'... Fin for heating promotion, 19...
... Cooling promotion fin, 20 ... Space, 21
...Space, 22...Shaft seal.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A similar type with a nearly sinusoidal rolling ball guide groove whose phase is changed and whose phase angle is the circumferential angle and whose amplitude is the axial displacement on the outer cylindrical surface of a rotating shaft that can rotate freely without axial displacement. A plurality of rolling balls are provided in positions where the plurality of stripes are approximately balanced, and a plurality of rolling balls held freely rotatable on the inner surface of an output piston that fits into the cylindrical surface and whose rotation is restrained are placed in respective grooves and held in contact with each other, In addition to periodically moving and reciprocating the extraction stone in the axial direction in accordance with the rotation of the rotating shaft, a plurality of freely rotating rolling balls are held on the inner cylindrical surface of the rotating shaft, and the rotation of the inscribed ball is restrained through these balls. Arrange the displacer shaft,
Multiple sets of rolling ball guide grooves are provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the displacer shaft at approximately balanced positions. The displacer shaft is moved back and forth in the axial direction according to the rotation of the rotating shaft, and the displacer fixed to the shaft is moved back and forth in the axial direction. A Stirling engine that uses a rolling ball and guide groove mechanism, which has a mechanism that causes the output piston to reciprocate in the axial direction in a substantially sinusoidal manner, and also causes a coaxial displacer to move and reciprocate with a different phase and waveform.