JPS5933746A - High pressure electric-discharge lamp device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a low-cost high pressure electric-discharge lamp which can restarted with low voltage at any time by restricting the relationship among the be amount of mercury charged, the internal volume of an emission tube, the inner diameter of the emission tube and the distance between discharge electrodes by specified relational expressions. CONSTITUTION:In a high pressure electric-discharge device which has a starting auxiliary member and in which preheating starting is performed at least when it is restarted, the amount of mercury charged [M(mg)], the internal volume of an emission tube 1 [V(cc)], the inner diameter of the emission tube 1 [D(cm)] and the distance between discharge electrodes 2a and 2b [L(cm)] are adjusted to satisfy the relationships of LM/V<11 and L/D<3. As a result, a lighting device which can be restarted at any time after being suppressed, is obtained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a high-pressure discharge lamp, and particularly to a high-pressure discharge lamp that is compact, has improved restart characteristics, and can replace an incandescent light bulb.

Conventionally, incandescent light bulbs and fluorescent lamps have been mainly used as light sources for indoor use, particularly for stores and homes, with a low luminous flux of 11,000 J to 20,001 t+t. However, the former has low efficiency and short service life, while the latter has a large size and is difficult to make compact. Therefore, it is conceivable to use a compact and highly efficient high pressure discharge lamp for the above purpose.

This high pressure discharge lamp will be explained using a high pressure mercury lamp as an example.

FIG. 1 shows the structure of a conventional high-pressure mercury lamp. (
1) is a quartz glass arc tube with a pair of main electrodes (za)
(21)) and the auxiliary electrode (3) near the main electrode (2a).
) and are filled with appropriate amounts of mercury as a luminescent metal and argon as a starting rare gas. Main electrode (2a)
is molybdenum foil (4a) - lead (5a) - stem (
The main electrode (2b) is connected to one terminal of 90 gold (8) through the stem lead (7a) fixed to the stem lead (7a) fixed to the main electrode (2b).
It is connected to the other terminal of the base (8) through the stem lead (7b), and since the base (8) is connected to the power supply via the ballast, both main electrodes (2-) (2b) is connected to the power supply via a ballast. Further, the auxiliary electrode (3) is connected to the support work (9) via the molybdenum foil wire, the lead αn, and the resistor tI'ir. It is electrically connected to the electrode (2b).

Note that the resistance value of this resistor a't is 0. 100 from IKΩ
It is Ω. Qm is an outer tube surrounding one arc tube (1),
It is fixed to the stem (6) and the cap (8), the inner surface of which is coated with phosphor, and an inert gas such as nitrogen is filled.

This lamp works as follows. When voltage is applied through the ballast, first the auxiliary electrode (3) and the main electrode (2a)
Auxiliary discharge starts between A large amount of charged particles are created by the auxiliary discharge, which causes the main electrode (za) (2b
The discharge starting voltage between ) decreases to below the applied voltage and the main discharge starts. The heat of this main discharge causes the arc tube (11
is heated, and eventually all the mercury in the arc tube (1) evaporates. This mercury is excited in the discharge space and emits visible light and ultraviolet light, and the ultraviolet light excites the phosphor on the inner surface of the outer bulb to generate visible light.

Ultimately, these visible lights are used for illumination.

If such a high-pressure mercury lamp is to be used in place of an incandescent light bulb, a ballast may be built into the 9-cap part. However, one problem when trying to use high-pressure mercury lamps instead of incandescent light bulbs is that once the high-pressure mercury lamps are turned on, they are turned off.

Even if a voltage is applied immediately, discharge does not start, and it takes time for the lamp to light up again. The maximum value of the discharge starting voltage between the main electrodes (2a) and (2b) after the lamp is turned off is approximately 400 QV in the above lamp example.

When the power supply voltage of 200 VL is not applied as in this example, it takes about 4 minutes to start discharging again (referred to as restarting), and there is a drawback that no illumination occurs during this time. In addition, in order to restart immediately, there is a method of adding a circuit that generates a high voltage of 40007 or more to the ballast, but the high voltage generating circuit is expensive, and the ballast etc. It had the disadvantage of causing dielectric breakdown, making it unusable.

The present invention has been made in view of these drawbacks.

2Eku11 Group〈3 M: Filled amount of mercury (■), V-Inner volume of arc tube (cc
), D: inner diameter of arc tube (clrL), L: distance between discharge electrodes (cIrL). The object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive high-pressure discharge lamp device that can be restarted at any time using a low voltage.

The present invention will be explained using FIG. 2, which is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment. At both ends of the arc tube (1) there are main electrodes (discharge electrodes).
21L) (21)) is provided, but the main electrode (21L) (21)) is provided.
A filament I made of tungsten wire is provided near a). One end thereof is connected to a molybdenum foil (4a) connected to the main electrode (2a), and is electrically connected to the main electrode (2a). The main electrode (2a) is connected to one terminal of the base (8) through the molybdenum foil (4a) - lead (5a) - stem lead (7a) - lead (ysa) - choke coil type ballast αe - lead surface. ing. On the other hand, the main electrode (2b) is a molybdenum foil (4b)-lead (5
b) - Support work (9) - Stem lead (7b) - Connected to the other terminal of the 9-cap (8) via the lead wire.

The filament o4 is connected to the main electrode (2a) via the molybdenum foil (4a), and the other end is connected to the lighting tube (branch) which is the starting voltage generating means via the molybdenum foil αl-lead wire-stem lead C211. The other terminal of the 1 lighting tube @ is connected to one terminal of the stem lead (7
b) and eventually to the main electrode (2b). In the lighting tube (2), a normally open bimetal switch is installed in a glass tube filled with an appropriate amount of rare gas, and the bimetal switch closes due to the heat of glow discharge between the nine bimetals, and then when it cools down and opens, a current is generated. It is a normal glow starter type that cuts off the current and induces a surge in the ballast aS, which is a 9-inductor element. (c) is a starting aid made of molybdenum wire with a diameter of 0.1φ, and is fixed to the winding support work (9) in close contact with the outer wall of the arc tube (11).
(6) is the stem, stem lead (7a) (7b)
All are sealed in three pieces.

This stem (6) is sealed in the outer tube α3, and the inside thereof is kept surrounded by an inert gas atmosphere. Also, (23 is the ballast case, which is made of stainless steel with cylindrical sides.

A stabilizer αe is fixed to the inside of one end face, and an outwardly protruding base (8) is fixed to the end face, and the other opening face is integrally bonded to the stem (C). Also, the outer tube αj
The inner surface is coated with phosphor. (2) is a reflecting plate, which is provided so as to effectively irradiate light or ultraviolet rays forward, and to shield the ballast 0υ and the lighting tube (2) from infrared rays.

In addition, in this example, the arc tube (ll inner diameter 0.6φ, main electrode (
2a) Distance between (zb) 't66IrL 890.57
c The amount of mercury enclosed is 2.3■, and the amount of argon is 25t.
orr was enclosed and ML/V=6.5.

This high pressure discharge lamp operates as follows. (I) Starting: When a power source is directly connected to the base (8), first the 1 lighting tube @ starts glow discharge, and a current flows through the lighting tube @ and the filament α ship foot regulator G. After the bimetal switch of the lighting tube (c) is closed and the filament (141) is heated,
The bimetal switch opens and cuts off the current, generating a surge voltage that is the starting peak voltage, and the 9 main electrodes (2a)
This voltage is applied between (zb) and discharge starts, completing starting. (n) During lighting: As in the conventional example, all mercury evaporates, and the luminescence of mercury is used for lighting. (B)
Restart: Immediately after the lights go out, when connected to the power supply, the lighting tube @, filament) 041. A current flows through the ballast aS and the filament (041) is preheated and becomes red hot.
The discharge starting voltage between the main electrodes (za) (2b) is lowered, and the starting auxiliary body (to) partially strengthens the electric field, so that the discharge starting voltage is reduced to 5 KV or less. After that, the 9 lighting tubes (2) operate, a surge voltage of about 1.5 to 2 V is generated, preheating starts, and the 9 main electrodes (2a) (
Discharge starts between 2b).

In order to make such a reliable restart possible, we first used a glow starter type lighting tube (2), which can withstand relatively high temperatures (approximately 100 degrees Celsius) and relatively easy to control the generated voltage, as a high voltage generation source. ) was considered. Lighting tube@ can freely change the generated voltage by changing the pressure of the gas sealed in it, especially 2
It has been found that when the voltage is adjusted to below KV, the variation in the generated voltage can be kept very small. On the other hand, if a high voltage of z5xv or higher is applied to the ballast 0υ, the ballast αe may cause dielectric breakdown. However, even when the ballast aS was operated by connecting a lighting tube (c) adjusted so that the generated voltage was 2xv or less, dielectric breakdown did not occur in the ballast aS. For this reason, a lighting tube (2) whose generated voltage was adjusted to 2 KV or less was used.

Next, in order to lower the discharge starting voltage of the 9 arc tube Q2 to 2Kv or less, a filament α4 and a starting aid (total) were provided, and the amount of mercury enclosed and the dimensions of the arc tube (1) were examined. For this purpose, various arc tubes +11 were made which were equipped with a filament α (transfer) and had the dimensions shown in Table 9. This arc tube (11
After introducing 30μ of mercury and 2Qtorr of argon into the reactor, it was sealed, and a starting aid was wrapped around the outer wall of the arc tube (1). By placing this lamp in an electric furnace and changing the temperature appropriately, the evaporated mercury density can be easily determined from the furnace temperature. In this way, the filament α4 was energized and the discharge start voltage was measured while changing the evaporated mercury density, and the following was found.

(11) ill The discharge starting voltage is determined by the evaporated mercury density and the electrode (2a)
(2b) It is almost determined by the product of the distances between.

(2) If the product of the evaporated mercury density and the distance between electrodes (2a) (zb) is 11 (cIrL-■/CC) or less, the peak value is 2K.
Discharge starts below v.

Next, in an actual lamp, the mercury density distribution, that is, the temperature distribution, is not uniform during one lighting period.After the lamp is turned off, it becomes uniform due to heat transfer, but it is not completely uniform. The above experiment was confirmed in this way.

Make an arc tube (1) with the dimensions shown in the table, and calculate the amount so that the product of the mercury density and the distance between the electrodes (2a) and (zb) is 1 (cIIL-ta/CC) when all the mercury evaporates. After filling it with mercury and adding a starting aid (a), it was mounted inside the outer tube and turned into a lamp. After lighting this lamp,
After turning off the light and filament) After energizing Q41, apply 2KV,
However, it always started discharging. Furthermore, if the mercury density is lower than those of these prototype lamps, the firing voltage will naturally be lower. Furthermore, in such a small high-pressure discharge lamp, the current during lighting is small, so if a large amount of mercury is placed in the lamp so that all (12) parts of the lamp do not evaporate, if for some reason the temperature of the unevaporated mercury rises, Very easy to disappear. In other words, it is necessary that the mercury in the eclipsed area during 9 lighting has evaporated. From these facts, the product of the amount of mercury enclosed M (1 mark g) divided by the internal volume V (cc) of the arc tube 11) and the distance between the main electrodes (2a) (2b)] - + (cgL) is 1
1 or less, that is.

L 7ku11 If so, it turns out that the discharge always starts after the lights are turned off.

Next, the above prototype lamp was connected in series with the lighting tube (2), which generates a surge voltage of approximately 2KV, and the filament α.

so that it is electrically connected to the amphibious electrode (za) (21)).

After the lights went out, I checked to see if they would actually restart, and they all started discharging. However, depending on the lamp, there were cases in which the discharge did not continue after the discharge started and the lamp went out. Lamps in which such a phenomenon occurred are indicated by an X in the rightmost column of the table, and lamps in which this phenomenon did not occur are indicated by a 0. From this table, when H<3, no fading occurred at all. This phenomenon is
It is assumed that if the inner diameter is smaller than the distance between the electrodes (za) (zb), the loss of charged particles and heat will increase, making it difficult to maintain discharge. For lamps that meet the conditions of D3, after the lights are turned off,! I tried preheating the lights by using a light bulb for between 1 second and 4 minutes, but they all restarted at any time. These lamps have a high mercury density immediately after being turned off, but eventually the mercury condenses and the density decreases. Therefore, the conditions for restarting the lamp should be the same as when the amount of mercury filled is smaller, that is, when ML/'V is smaller, so we did not prototype ML/V (
It is clear that lamp No. 11 will restart without sustaining such a discharge. In this way, it has been found that when the filament a- and the lighting tube (2) are used, if K is set to satisfy the 9th order condition, the lamp can be restarted without any problem with the insulation of the ballast αe.

ML/V<11. 1/D<3 Details of the above-mentioned embodiments will be described below. Filament α is 0
．． A 08φ tungsten wire was wound into a coil, and the temperature was 1600°C to 2000°C during preheating. Outer tube (3)
Nitrogen is sealed inside at 5 Q Q torr. The lighting tube (2) is made by welding a tungsten rod containing thorium oxide to the tips of two bimetal plates as a contact point, and is filled with argon. The power supply was 100V and the total power consumption was 40W.

As another example, the inner diameter of two arc tubes (1) (186 m
Distance between m electrodes (2&) (21)) 1-4an* Internal volume θ, 9700. Mercury inclusion amount 6+19. ML/V=
8.5, T, /D==1.75.

Restart tests were conducted with the current at the time of lighting at 8.8 people and the time after the lights were turned off varying, but the lights turned on without any problems in either case.

Further, as a third embodiment, the inner diameter of the arc tube (1) is 0.1σ
Distance between electrodes (2a) (2'b) 1.6cR + internal volume o
, aoca, mercury inclusion amount L5'Ni, ML/V=T,
I, /D = 2.29.

Light Tube Co., Ltd., the filament 0T is the same as the above example, the power supply is 100V, the total power consumption is 35W9, the current when lighting is 0.65A, and a restart test was conducted, and the light lit without problems. .

(15) In these examples, a starting aid (c) was used in which a 0.1 miφ molybdenum wire was wound around the arc tube fil. 1) Main electrodes (2a) (2b) or filament electrodes (2a) (2b) or filament electrodes (4) on the outer wall to further strengthen the electric field by attaching a conductive substance to the outer wall or by attaching a conductive substance to the outer wall.
It should be located in the part closest to the temperature.

In addition, regardless of such embodiments, for example, lighting tubes
You can connect a capacitor or a resistor in parallel with the , or connect an impedance element in series.
The lighting tube (2) may be connected between f141, and in short, it is sufficient that one lighting v and the filament α4 are connected in series.

As the filament α4, a coil of tungsten wire was used in the example, but this also heats up red and emits a large amount of thermoelectrons. may also be attached. Further, the filament may also serve as the main electrode.

Depending on the shape and dimensions of the arc tube, attaching zirconium oxide, a platinum film, or a metal cap to the end of the arc tube (11) as a heat-insulating film to completely evaporate the mercury may be effective. There is.

The gas sealed in the arc tube (1) is not limited to that of the embodiment, but may be a rare gas or a mixture of rare gases.

In addition, a substance other than mercury, such as a metal iodide, etc., may be enclosed.

Further, the overall arrangement does not depend on the embodiment, but for example.

If a removable electrical connection is provided between the ballast case (end) and the outer tube a3, only the lamp can be replaced. Alternatively, it may be provided inside the outer tube 03 which is a lighting tube. Furthermore, the same effect can be obtained even if the ballast αm and lighting tube are placed separately from the lamp. In addition, the starting voltage generating means is not limited to the glow starter type.
A similar effect can be obtained with a thermal starter type or a semiconductor starter type.

(17)　　　　　　　　　　. ,,.

In addition, although nitrogen was sealed in the outer tube αj, the effect remains the same even if a rare gas is mixed in or a vacuum is applied.

The present invention has been described above. In a high-pressure discharge lamp device that uses a starting aid and performs preheating starting at least during the restart period, the amount of mercury enclosed in the high-pressure discharge lamp is M (1n9
), the internal volume of the arc tube, V (cc).

If the inner diameter of the arc tube is D (cm) and the distance between the discharge electrodes is L (cn), then I, M/V (it,
By satisfying the relationship L/D (3),
After lights out.

You can start the bowl at any time. This has the effect that an inexpensive high pressure discharge lamp device can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of a conventional high-pressure discharge lamp. FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, (11 is the arc tube, (2a) and (2b) are the discharge electrodes, (8) is the cap, (13 is the outer tube, αa is the filament, α
υ is the ballast, □□□ is the starting voltage generation means, and 闭 is the ballast case. (c) is a starting aid. The same symbols in each figure indicate the same or equivalent parts.
(111) (1s) Figure 1

Claims (1)

[Claims] +11 An arc tube containing mercury and having a pair of discharge electrodes, a starting aid made of a conductor provided outside the arc tube, and an inductive element constituting a ballast to reduce the power supply voltage from the peak value. In a device that is equipped with a starting voltage generating means that generates a high starting peak voltage and performs a preheating start at least when restarting, the amount of mercury enclosed is M (In9), and the internal volume of the arc tube is V (ac). Assuming that the inner diameter of the arc tube is D (α) and the distance between the discharge electrodes is L (clIL). A high-pressure discharge lamp device characterized by satisfying the following relationship: 7<11-5<3. (2) In a device having an outer tube with an inner luminous tube, the outer tube has a built-in ballast and a starting voltage generating means,
Claim No.
The high pressure discharge lamp device according to item 11. (3) Claim (2) characterized in that the outer tube and the ballast case are provided with a removable electrical connection part.
The high-pressure discharge lamp device described in . (4) Claim No. +11 or (2) characterized in that the starting voltage generating means is a glow starter.
) The high-pressure discharge lamp device described in item 2. (5) The high-pressure discharge lamp device according to any one of claims 11 to (4), characterized in that the starting peak voltage is 2.5 KV or less.