JPS5930990B2 - grain drying equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a grain drying device suitable for use in intensively drying grains harvested at a rice center or the like.

In this type of conventional grain drying equipment, the type of grain,
Once the initial conditions such as the amount of filling are set, drying control is performed from the beginning to the end.

In particular, storage tank drying equipment that performs preliminary drying requires long drying operations, so the external environment changes during the drying process, such as daytime and nighttime, or sunny and rainy weather, which greatly affects the drying conditions. There are things to do.

However, conventional grain drying apparatuses have a problem in that the quality of dried grains deteriorates depending on the external environment because drying is controlled regardless of the external environment.

The present invention was made to solve these conventional problems, and its purpose is to provide a grain drying device that can always maintain good quality of dried grains regardless of changes in the external environment. It is about providing.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to Examples.

FIG. 1 is a front configuration diagram of an embodiment of a grain drying apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view.

In the figure, 1 is a storage tank for pre-drying the collected paddy before supplying it to the dryer, and a plurality of bins 1at1bt1ct1dt1et1f and 1g are lined up in two rows.

Consists of 1 hour.

In addition, ld is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. H and 1h are not shown.

A wind body part 2 is formed along the entire length of the storage tank 1 at the lower center thereof, and air heated by a burner 4 as a heating device is sent to this wind body part 2 from a blower 3. Each bin is supplied with the following:

5a. 5b is a loading conveyor for loading paddy into each bin from above, 6 is a rotation conveyor for transporting all the paddy discharged from the bottom of each bin, and 7 is a conveyor for lifting the paddy sent by rotation conveyor 6. stake-out conveyor 5
This is a rotating elevator that takes you back to a and 5b.

The paddy is placed in a bin and rotated several times to pre-dry it in conditions close to natural drying.

The paddy that has been sufficiently predried is separated from the middle of the rotation and sent to the next stage relay tank and dryer (not shown).

In addition, 8 is a humidity detector 1 such as a hygrometer that detects outside air humidity.
Control processing is performed by inputting the detection signal transmitted when the bin is empty and the empty signal pipe sound transmitted when the bin is empty after detecting the presence or absence of paddy using sensors installed near the exit of each bin. A circuit section, 9 is a blower 3, a tensioning conveyor 5a, 5b,
This is a control panel that operates the driving operations of the rotation conveyor 6 and rotation elevator 7.

Figure 3 is a front view of the bottle 1d seen from inside the wind trunk;
The figure is a cross-sectional view of IV-IV in Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 is a -■- in Fig. 3.
■It is a sectional view.

In FIG. 3, a discharge shutter 11 for fully controlling the discharge of paddy is provided at the center of the lower part of the wall facing the wind barrel 2 of the bin 1d, and is movable up and down. An air volume shutter 12 is provided which can be moved up and down to fully control the air volume when the air flows into the underfloor of the bin 1d.

The discharge shutter 11 and the air volume shutter 12 are connected to the operating rod 13
．． 14, it can be moved up and down by an electric cylinder (not shown).

15 is a chute for guiding the paddy discharged from the bin 1d to the rotation conveyor 6.

In FIG. 4, an inlet 18 is formed in a lower floor 17 provided below a sweep floor 16 forming the floor of the bin 1d.

The figure shows a state in which the air volume shutter 12 closes the inlet 18.

When the operating rod 14 moves upward and the air volume shutter 12 opens, the heated air flows from the air barrel 2 through the inlet 18 into the lower floor 17, and from here it further flows into the sweep floor 1.
Air is blown into the bottle through 6.

The amount of air blown is adjusted by the degree of opening of the air volume shutter 12.

This sweep floor 16 has a large number of holes formed diagonally, and as shown by the dotted line, the paddy spread inside the bin is pushed by the diagonal wind blowing in from below to the wind trunk side where the outlet is located. Sent sequentially.

The wind that passes through the intergranular interactions of the paddy escapes from above, warming the paddy and gradually removing moisture.

In FIG. 5, a discharge port 20 is formed at an outlet portion 19 provided by cutting out a portion of the sweep floor 16.

The figure shows a state in which the discharge port 20 is closed by the discharge shutter 1'11.

When the operating rod 13 moves upward and the discharge shutter 11 opens, the loaded paddy is discharged from the outlet 19 to the discharge port 20.
After wH*, it is supplied to the rotation conveyor 6 through the chute 15.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of the exit portion 19 of the sweep floor 16.

Most of the holes in the sweep floor 16 are formed in the direction toward the wind trunk (to the left in the figure), but at the end on the exit part 19 side, the holes are formed in the direction perpendicular to this toward the outlet part 19 (in the upper direction in the figure). (downward).

Therefore, the wind blown from below the sweep floor 16 heads in the direction of the arrow, and the paddy is sequentially sent to the outlet section 19.

The above description has been about the bin 1d, but all the other bins are configured in the same way.

In this way, the heated air supplied to the paddy is obtained by heating the air taken in from the outside air by the blower 3 with the burner 4, so the drying of the paddy is greatly influenced by the outside air humidity.

That is, for example, if the outside air humidity is low, the drying speed will be faster, and if heating is continued for a long time on top of that, overdrying will occur and damage to the paddy will occur.

For this reason, in this apparatus, the heating operation of the burner 4 is adjusted according to the outside air humidity by the action of the humidity detector 10 to perform drying control.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the control circuit.

In the figure, reference numeral 22 denotes a humidity setting device for setting two points of humidity to be controlled; for example, the higher humidity is set at 80 f0, and the lower humidity is set at 60.

The detection signal of the outside air humidity detected by the humidity detector 10 is input to the detection circuit 23 and then output to the conversion circuit 24, where it is converted into a signal that can be compared and compared with the set humidity in the comparison circuit 25.

Then, a signal resulting from the comparison between the set humidity and the detected humidity is sent to the adjustment circuit 26.

Here, if the detected humidity is higher than 80%, a signal to promote drying is sent to the operating circuit 27, and from there a control signal to turn on the burner 4 is sent to the output circuit 28.

If the detected humidity is lower than 60%, a signal to suppress dryness is sent to the operating circuit 27, and from there a control signal to turn off the burner 4 is sent to the output circuit 28.

FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of a specific example of the control circuit.

In the figure, when the power supply voltage is applied to the circuit, the power indicator light L1 lights up, and when the gas pressure of propane gas, which is the fuel for the burner 4, is normal, the switch PS1 is turned on, the indicator light L2 lights up, and the blower When the air blowing pressure No. 3 is normal, the switch PS2 is turned on and the indicator light L is turned on.

Switches PS and PS2 are both 1 When on, the power supply voltage is applied to each contact circuit.

5S1a and 581b are manual/automatic changeover switches. When set to manual, switch 5S1b is turned on and 581a is turned off as shown in the figure, and when set to automatic, switch SS is turned on.
turns on and 5S1b turns off.

Also, a FMl and FM2 are valve contacts that are turned on and off by the operation of the gas main valve; when the main valve is closed, FMl is on and FM2 is off, and when it is open, the opposite is true.

In addition, A is a contact that turns on when the detected humidity is 80 coefficients or higher,
B is a contact that turns on when the detected humidity is 60 coefficients or higher.

Now, since the outside air humidity is between 60 and 80%, contact A is off and contact B is on.

And PB and PB3 are push switches for starting,
PB2 is a button switch for stopping.

Here, when set to automatic, when the bushing switch PB1' is pressed to turn on, the ignition relay R is operated, the relay contact r11 is turned on, and the contact r is turned off.

Relay 2 is turned on by turning on relay contact r1□. The operation of relay R1 is self-sustaining.

At the same time, the purge timer T1 operates, and after a certain period of time, the timer contact t is turned on, which causes the relay R2 to operate, and the relay contacts r2□+r2° and r23 are turned on.

By turning on relay contact r, relay R□ and timer 1 are activated. The operation of T is self-sustaining.

By the 7-hour time period of timer T1, residual gas in the burner is purged and there is no possibility of an explosion upon ignition.

Then, when the relay contact r22 is turned on, the indicator light L4 indicating the completion of purge is lit.

Now, when you open the main gas valve, the valve contact FM.

is off and FM2 is on.

As a result, a voltage is applied to the input terminal 6 of the protect relay circuit 30, and outputs are output to the output terminals 3, 4, and 5.

As a result, the pilot solenoid valve V operates to open the pilot valve, the indicator light L5 notifying this operation lights up, and at the same time the ignition transformer TG operates,
The indicator light L6 notifying this operation lights up.

This ignites the pilot burner.

Note that the timer T2 operates simultaneously with the above operation, and after a certain period of time, the timer contact t is turned on and the relay R4 is operated.

Through the operation of this relay R4, relay contacts r4□, r42,
r43 is turned off and r44 is turned off.

Relay contact r40. When r4° is turned off, the ignition transformer TG becomes inoperable and the indicator light L5 also goes out, but at this point the pilot burner ignition has been completed.

In addition, when the relay contact r44 is turned on, the first main solenoid valve (2) and the second main solenoid valve V2 are operated and opened, and the indicator light L7 notifying this operation is lit.

The first main solenoid valve v1 and the second main solenoid valve v2 are
For safe operation, they are installed in series with the main gas supply pipe, so that even if one side is left open due to an accident, the other will close and the gas supply will stop.

When both electromagnetic valves V and ■ open, the main burner is ignited by the pilot burner and combustion of the burner begins.

In addition, 31 is a burner temperature control circuit and terminal A.

B engineering, B2. A feedback circuit for amplifying and setting the temperature detection signal is connected inside E, and a temperature measuring resistor for detecting the burner temperature is connected outside of the feedback circuit.

Automatic control is performed to open and close the temperature regulating solenoid valve Vt in accordance with the burner temperature to maintain the burner temperature constant with respect to the set temperature.

A part of the main gas pipe is formed of a thin pipe and a thick pipe in parallel, and the thick pipe is provided with a temperature control solenoid valve.

To raise the burner temperature, open the solenoid valve V to allow gas to pass through both pipes for strong combustion, and to lower the burner temperature close the solenoid valve V to allow only the gas in the thin pipe to pass through to create a weaker combustion. Perform combustion.

In this way, combustion control is automatically performed according to the set temperature, and the burner temperature is kept constant.

If the relay R4 returns to normal for some reason and the gas supply to the main pipe is cut off, the relay contact r is turned on and the buzzers B and B2 operate to issue the flame-extinguishing 3 alarm.

At this time, the button switch PB4k for stopping the buzzer
When pressed to turn on, relay R operates and relay contact r
is off and r52 is the fifth
51.

Buzzer B, j1 B stops when relay contact r is turned off, and relay R is turned on when relay contact r52 is turned on.
5 is self-maintained.

In addition, when set to manual, switch SS
After turning on, push button switch PB3 to turn it on, relay R3 operates and relay contact r turns on,
Timer T2 operates.

At the same time, the pilot solenoid valve V operates, and the ignition transformer T
G also works.

Each of these operations and the subsequent combustion operations are exactly the same as in the automatic case.

Next, the effect of heating control using external humidity, which characterizes the present invention, will be explained using the time chart (k) in FIG.

In FIG. 9, A shows the outside air humidity, mouth shows the contact A, C shows the contact B, and 2 shows the time chart of each operating state of the burner.

Now, in the automatic setting state, push switch PB1'e is turned on at time t to ignite burner 4 and start heating.

At this point, since the outside air humidity is between 60 and 80 degrees, contact A is off and contact B is on, and the burner 4 performs combustion as described above.

Eventually, when the outside air humidity reaches 80 coefficients or more at time tb, the contact A is turned on, but since the relay contact r11 parallel to the contact A is already turned on, the circuit state remains unchanged and the burner 4 continues to burn.

Eventually, when the outside air humidity becomes below 80% at time t, the contact A is turned off again, but since the relay R1 is still maintained in the operating state, the burner 4 continues to burn.

Then, when the outside air humidity becomes 60 degrees or less at time t, contact B also turns off, relay R0 returns, and timer T
1 will also return.

As a result, timer contact t is turned off and relay R2 is restored, and this restoration causes relay contacts r2□, r22. r2
3 ha off.

As a result, the protection relay circuit 30 is no longer applied with voltage and becomes inoperable, and the combustion of the burner 4 is stopped.

Next, at time t, when the outside air humidity rises to 60 or higher, contact B turns on, but relay R does not operate, so combustion does not start.

Eventually, when the outside air humidity reaches 80 qb or higher at time tf, contact A is also turned on, so that relay R1 timer T0 operates, and relay R2 also operates, igniting burner 4 and restarting combustion.

In this way, the heating by the burner 4 is adjusted according to the outside air humidity, and smooth drying control is performed.

In this embodiment, since two-position control of the 60th position and the 80th position is performed, stable control is possible without causing chattering at the control point unlike 1-position control.

Note that the set humidity is arbitrarily selected from a necessary and optimal value.

Although the above description has been made using an example in which the present invention is fully applied to a storage tank that performs preliminary drying, it goes without saying that it can also be applied to a circulation type dryer, a falling type dryer, etc. that performs main drying.

As described above, the grain drying apparatus according to the present invention detects the outside air humidity sound, and in response to this, when the humidity is low, the heating is completely stopped and the heating is fully adjusted. Grain can be dried with the minimum necessary heating.

As a result, c.
It has many excellent effects, such as reducing damage to eel grains and improving quality, and reducing consumption of heating fuel and lowering operating costs.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a front configuration diagram of one embodiment of the grain drying apparatus according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a side view, Fig. 3 is a front view seen from inside the wind trunk, and Fig. 4 is the IV of Fig. 3. -N sectional view, Figure 5 is the 3rd
■-■ cross-sectional view in the figure, Figure 6 is a plan view of the sweep floor,
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the control circuit, FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of a specific example of the control circuit, and FIG. 9 is a time chart. 1...Storage tank, 1a-1h...Bin,
2...Wind body, 3...Blower, 4...
...Burner, 5a, 5b...Pitching conveyor, 6...Rotation conveyor, 7...
... Rotation elevator, 8 ... Control circuit section, 9 ... Control panel, 10 ... Humidity detector, 11 ... Discharge shutter, 12. ...
...Airflow shutter, 16...Sweep floor.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Grain is placed in a tank, and air heated by a heating device is passed through the grains of the grain to perform drying, and the heating device is adjusted to change the heating temperature to control drying. A grain drying apparatus characterized in that the grain drying apparatus is provided with a humidity detector for detecting outside air humidity, and the heating device is controlled in accordance with a detection signal from the humidity detector.