JPS5930030B2 - How to select the rotation direction of a single-phase magnet synchronous motor - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention is a small single-phase magnet electric motor that is simplified by using common parts for both rotational directions and by changing only one pair of insertion points for magnetic pole teeth embedded in the upper and lower stator plates. The purpose of this invention is to enable the rotation direction to be selected or to easily change the rotation direction by replacing a pair of magnetic pole teeth and turning the shaded plate inside out.

FIG. 1 is a basic configuration diagram of the single-phase magnet motor of the present invention.
The rotor is a rotor that rotatably holds cylindrical permanent magnets that are alternately magnetized with north and south poles on the outer periphery.

2 is an upper stator plate, 3 is a lower stator plate, and magnetic pole teeth 4 extending in the axial direction are implanted in each of these to form a stator 5.

6 is an upper limit plate, 7 is a lower limit plate, and 8 is a coil.

In a conventional synchronous motor of this type, the magnetic pole teeth 4 were constructed by bending a portion 10 of the stator plate at right angles at the root portion 9, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the magnetic pole teeth 4 are inserted and fixed into the magnetic pole tooth insertion holes 11 of the upper and lower stator plates 2 and 3 as shown in FIG.

In a self-starting inductor type small synchronous motor,
The shaded pole is offset by an electrical angle (180-ψ) in the rotational direction of the rotor with respect to the non-shaded pole of the same polarity.

Here, ψ is the phase difference in magnetic flux between the non-shaded pole and the shaded pole of the same polarity.

In this case, ψ is suitably 40 to 45 degrees in electrical angle.

FIG. 2 shows the magnetic pole tooth arrangement of the present invention rotating counterclockwise.

1a and 7a are non-shaded poles of the upper stator, and 6b. 12b is the non-shaded pole of the lower stator, 3c+5ct9c+11C is the shaded pole of the upper stator, and 4d and 10d are the shaded poles of the lower stator.

The numbers in this magnetic pole tooth arrangement are serial numbers, a,
c is the upper stator, b.

d represents the lower stator, a and b represent non-shaded poles, and c and d represent shaded poles.

In order to configure such a magnetic pole tooth arrangement, insertion holes 111, 113, 11. .

11□, 110, 111, and 112, 114, 11
6°118, 111o, 11. □ are provided, and the magnetic pole teeth 4 are inserted and fixed into these insertion holes 11 as shown in FIG.

At this time, the magnetic pole teeth 4 are inserted into the upper stator plate 2 from below in FIG. 3, and inserted into the lower stator plate 3 from above and fixed.

Then, a hole 123 provided in the upper limit plate 6 as shown in FIG.
125, 120, and 1211 are inserted into the magnetic pole teeth inserted and fixed in the upper stator plate 2.

At this time, the lower limit plate 7 as shown in FIG. 5 is inserted into the lower stator plate 3 without inserting and fixing the magnetic pole teeth into the insertion holes 112 and 118.

Next, when reversing the rotation direction, leave the insertion holes 113 and 119 of the upper stator plate 2 empty, insert and fix the magnetic pole teeth into the remaining insertion holes, turn the lower limit plate 7 upside down, and insert it. When the magnetic pole teeth are inserted and fixed into all the insertion holes of the lower stator plate 3 and the upper limit plate 6 is turned over and inserted, the upper and lower stator plates are completely interchanged.

Therefore, the direction of rotation of the rotor can be reversed from that shown in FIG.

As for the method of inserting and fixing the magnetic pole teeth 4, if you select one direction of rotation and do not want to change it later, you can press-fit or fix by caulking, or if you want to be able to change the direction of rotation, you can attach and detach by fixing with screws, etc. It can be fixed freely.

Figure 7 clearly shows the positional relationship between the stator plates 2, 3 and the binocular plates 6, 7. Figure a is for counterclockwise rotation, and Figure b is for clockwise rotation. The upper stator plate 2 is shown on the left, and the lower stator plate 3 is shown on the right, both of which are views of the motor shown in FIG. 1 viewed from above.

Turning over the upper and lower surfaces of the upper and lower shading plates 6 and 7 that were attached to the upper and lower stator plates 2 and 3, respectively, in figure a,
',7'.

In figure a, the magnetic pole 3c used in the upper stator plate 2,
When 9c is reversed, it becomes a hole (indicated by a dotted line) as shown in figure b, and in the lower stator plate 3, the magnetic pole 2 which was a hole in figure a
The magnetic pole teeth are inserted into b and 8b as shown in figure b.

For convenience, the same mark is attached to the same location on each shaded board.

In this embodiment, the case where the total number of magnetic poles of the rotor is 12 is shown, but in general, if the total number of magnetic poles is P, the pole spacing is 360°/P as shown in FIG. 2, and the shaded pole groups 3c, 4d , 5c
For non-shaded pole groups 5b and 7a, (180-ψ) electrical angle, that is, mechanical angle, is (360-2ψ)/P=22.5
degree in the rotational direction (counterclockwise) in Fig. 2, the rightmost pole of the shaded pole groups 3c, 4d, and 5c has an electrical angle or mechanical angle of (180+180−ψ). Then, (720-2ψ)/P=52.5 degrees, and the leftmost pole of the shaded pole group 3c, 4d, and 5c has an interval of (180+ψ) electrical angle, that is, mechanical angle, and (
360+2ψ)/P=37.5 degrees.

The leftmost pole 3c of this shaded pole group and its opposite pole 9c are the second
In the figure, it is the upper stator magnetic pole, but by replacing it with the lower stator, the rotation direction can be changed.

This is shown in FIG. 3, which shows counterclockwise rotation, and holes 112 and 118 in the lower stator plate 3 are formed.

To rotate this clockwise, 11 of the upper stator plate 2
3. Remove the magnetic pole tooth 119 to form a hole, insert it into the holes 11□ and 118 of the lower stator plate 3, and turn the upper and lower limit plates upside down to change the upper and lower positions.

In this way, the relative positional relationship between each magnetic pole tooth and the shaded plate when the motor is viewed from below after the rotational direction has been changed completely matches that when the motor is viewed from above before the change.

This is possible because the magnetic pole tooth arrangement diagram in FIG. 2 is completely symmetrical with respect to the dashed line.

The present invention has the above-described configuration, in which both stator plates are provided with the same number (P/2) of holes, and the pair of insertion holes (non-shaded holes) on one stator plate is not used. By replacing this with a pair of magnetic pole teeth on the other stator plate and making it a shaded pole, the rotation direction can be easily changed, and motors for either rotation direction can be made from the same parts. There is no need to increase the number, therefore, there is no effect on mechanical strength, and this does not cause any problem in miniaturization and multipolarization.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the basic configuration of the small synchronous motor of the present invention;
Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram of the arrangement of magnetic pole teeth in one embodiment of the present invention;
The figures are a top view of the upper and lower stator plates of the same as above, Figure 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the magnetic pole teeth of the same as above, Figure 5 is a top view of the upper limit plate and lower limit plate of same as above, and Figure 6 is a top view of the same as above. 7 is a top view of a conventional stator plate, and FIGS. 7a and 7b are top views showing the positional relationship between each shaded plate and the magnetic poles during normal rotation and reverse rotation in the above embodiment of the present invention, respectively. The top views of FIGS. 2, 3, 5, and 7 are all views of the motor shown in FIG. 1 from above. 1 is a rotor, 2 is an upper stator plate, 3 is a lower stator plate, 4 is a magnetic pole tooth, 5 is a stator, 6 is an upper limit plate, 7 is a lower limit plate, 8 is a coil, 1a, 7a, 2b , 6b. 8b, 12b are non-kuma arrangement, 3c, 5c, 9c, 11c. 4d and 10d are shaded poles, and 11 is a magnetic pole tooth insertion hole.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The upper and lower stator plates are provided with magnetic pole tooth insertion holes having half the total number of magnetic poles of a permanent magnet rotor whose outer periphery is alternately magnetized with NS poles, and the inside of the magnetic pole teeth inserted into each magnetic pole tooth insertion hole is The side surfaces are made to face the outer circumferential surface of the rotor, the total number of non-shaded poles on the upper and lower stator plates is two less than the number of shaded poles, and the phase of the shaded poles on each stator plate is set by shading relative to the non-shaded pole group. It is deviated in the rotational direction by an electrical angle corresponding to the supplementary angle of the delay, and
The insertion holes of the pair of non-shaded electrodes on the other stator plate close to the pair of shaded electrodes on the rotation direction side of one stator plate are made holes,
If the direction of rotation is to be reversed, attach both corner plates to each stator plate upside down and inside out, and move the hole position to the corresponding magnetic pole tooth insertion hole on the opposite stator plate. A method for selecting the rotation direction of a single-phase magnet synchronous motor, characterized by: