JPS592993A - Pressure controller for pressurized diving tank - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To control the pressure in a diving tank by discharging a gas contained in the tank and enhance the accuracy of the control, by a method wherein a gas chamber communicated with a liquid phase part of a diving tank is provided, and a pressure difference between the gas chamber and the liquid phase part is measured. CONSTITUTION:The gas chamber 18 communicated with the liquid phase part 25 of a pressurized diring tank 1 is provided, and it is also provided with a gas- supplying valve 20 and an exhaust valve 22. After a diver 2 dives, the interior of the tank is pressurized by opening gas-supplying valves 4', 20, and the supply of a gas is stopped when a predetermined pressure is reached. Thereafter, when the pressure in the tank is raised by the gas supplied from cylinders 13 and expired by the diver 2, the water level 23 is lowered, and the pressure in the gas chamber 18 is raised. A pressure difference measuring transmitter 21 detects the rise of the pressure in the tank by measuring the pressure in the chamber 18, and controls an exhaust valve 11, thereby maintaining the pressure in the tank to be constant. The accuracy of detection can be enhanced by reducing the diameter of a connecting trunk 19 for the gas chamber 18.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a pressurized diving tank that is pressurized to a pressure equivalent to the depth of deep sea diving and used for diving training, and particularly to a device for controlling the pressure.

Conventionally, in a pressurized diving tank, as shown in FIG.
After the gas has entered, the hatch flap 3 is closed, the pressurizing operation valve 4 is opened, pressurizing gas is supplied from the cylinder 5 through the air supply port 6 to the gas phase section 7, and the pressurized diving tank 1 is The internal pressure of the pressurized diving tank 1 is pressurized to a pressure equivalent to the diving training depth.The internal pressure of the pressurized diving tank 1 is monitored by a pressure gauge 8 and detected by a pressure detector 9, and the pressure is controlled. When the pressure exceeds the diving training depth preset in the vessel 10, the automatic air release valve 11 opens and the gas in the gas phase portion 7 is released from the air release port 12.

Then, the pressurization operation valve 4 is closed to stop the supply of pressurization gas, and when the internal pressure of the pressurized diving tank 1 falls within the set pressure range, the automatic release valve 1 is closed and the pressurization is resumed. The diving tank 1 is set to a pressure corresponding to the diving training depth.

The training diver 2 is still supplied with diving breathing gas from the cylinder 13 via the breathing gas supply operation valve 14 and the diving breathing gas supply hose 15, and the training diver 2 uses the diving breathing apparatus 16 to perform diving breathing. Breathe in the gas and exhale as air bubbles 17.

Therefore, the pressure in the gas phase section 7 where the exhausted exhaled air accumulates gradually rises, and when it exceeds the set pressure of the controller 10,
The automatic release valve 11 opens and the gas in the gas phase part 7 is released from the air release port 12, and when the pressure falls within the set pressure range, the automatic release valve 11 opens.
By closing the pressure diving tank 1, the internal pressure of the pressurized diving tank 1 is kept constant.

The accuracy of such pressure holding is as follows: set pressure ±Q, Ikgf
7α2 or less, and for the training dipper 2, the subsequent pressure holding accuracy is more important than the ultimate pressure accuracy.

However, when the pressure corresponding to the diving training depth increases, the pressure detector 9 is required to have higher detection accuracy. For example, when the diving training depth equivalent pressure is 50 k7f /c1n', a control accuracy of 0.2% is required to obtain a pressure holding accuracy of ±0.1 kyf /lyn''.

In control using the pressure detector 9, since the detection accuracy of the pressure detector 9 itself is generally about 0.2 nor span, there is a problem that the control accuracy is lower than this.

However, there is still the problem that as the pressure equivalent to the diving training depth increases, the restrictions on maintaining the necessary pressure holding accuracy become more severe.

The present invention aims to solve these problems, and aims to provide a pressurized diving tank that can detect minute pressure changes and ensure high pressure retention accuracy regardless of the pressure state. The purpose is to provide a control device.

For this reason, the pressure control device for a pressurized diving tank of the present invention includes an automatic release valve connected to the gas phase in the pressurized diving tank, in order to adjust the internal pressure of the closed diving tank. A controller for the automatic air release valve is provided, and an air chamber connected to the liquid phase part of the diving tank and raised upward is provided, and the pressure in the same air chamber and the liquid phase part in the diving tank are controlled. A differential pressure transmitter is provided to measure the difference between the pressure and the pressure, and the automatic air release is performed based on the detection signal of the differential pressure transmitter.
The following is a description of a pressure control device for a pressurized diving tank as an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings. Then, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the entire configuration,
Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the action of water level measurement. A hatch lid 3 is provided for the entrance and exit of the training diver 2. Then, by opening the air supply source valve 4 and the air supply valve 4' of the pressurized diving tank 1, the pressurized gas in the cylinder 5 is transferred to the air supply port. A pressurized diving tank air supply system is configured so that air can be supplied from 6 to the gas phase section 7.

Further, a pressure side 8 for monitoring the internal pressure of the pressurized diving tank 1;
A pressure control system inside the pressurized diving tank 1 is composed of a pressure detector 9 that detects the pressure, an automatic air release valve with an air release b12], and a controller 10, 10' that opens and closes the pressure. .

Furthermore, a diving breathing system is constituted by a cylinder 13 for supplying diving breathing gas to the training diver 2, a breathing gas supply operation valve 14, and a diving breathing gas supply hose 15, and this diving breathing system includes: It is connected to the training diver 2 via a diving breathing apparatus 16.

The training diver 2 performs breathing and exhalation exhaustion using the diving breathing apparatus 16, and the exhausted exhaled air becomes air bubbles 17 and accumulates inside the gas phase section 7.

On the other hand, an air chamber 18 having the strength to withstand the pressure equivalent to the maximum diving training depth is connected to the liquid phase part 25 of the pressurized diving tank 1 via a pressure-resistant connecting trunk 19, and from this liquid phase part 25 to the trunk. An air chamber 18° is provided so as to rise upwardly through an air chamber 19.

Piping including an air supply valve 20 branched from the air supply source valve 4 is still provided as an air supply system to the air chamber 18 .

Furthermore, the pressure transmitter 21 detects the pressure difference between the bottom of the pressurized diving tank 1 and the top of the air chamber 18, and transmits this to the controller 10'.
It is set up so that you can tell.

Note that a gas vent valve 22 is provided to exhaust the gas inside the air chamber 18.

Since the pressure control device for a pressurized diving tank of the present invention is constructed as described above, when the pressurized diving tank 1 is used, the hatch flap 3 and the gas vent valve 22 of the air chamber 18 are opened, and the After the pressure diving tank 1 is filled with water to a predetermined water level and the training diver 2 enters the pressure diving tank 1, the hatch lid 3 and the gas vent valve 22 are closed.

At this time, the water surface 23 in the pressurized diving tank 1 and the water surface 24 in the pressure-resistant connection trunk 19 are at the same water level.

A training diver 2 in a pressurized diving tank 1 is equipped with a diving breathing apparatus 16, and is supplied with diving breathing gas 13 via a breathing gas supply operation valve 14 and a diving breathing gas supply hose 15 to perform diving breathing.

Note that the training diaper 2 exhausts exhaled air into the gas phase section 7 as air bubbles 17.

Then, open the pressure diving tank 1 first air supply valve 4', the air supply valve 20 of the air chamber 18, and the air supply source valve 4, and use the pressure detector 9 and controller 10 to connect the pressure diving tank 1 and the air chamber. 18 at the same time to a pressure equivalent to the diving training depth, and after reaching the predetermined pressure,
After closing the air supply source valve 4 and waiting for the pressures in the gas phase section 7 and the air chamber 18 to equalize, the air supply valves 4' and 20 are closed. At this time, the water surfaces 23 and 24 are at the same water level.

In order to maintain the pressure in this state, the water level of the water surface 24 is set as a reference water level in the controller 10', and the water level is automatically controlled so that the water level fluctuation from the reference water level is within a predetermined range. Thereby, the internal pressure of the pressurized diving tank 1 is controlled within a predetermined pressure holding accuracy.

That is, when the pressure in the gas phase section 7 increases due to the exhaled air exhausted by the training dipper 2, the water level 23 falls, and the water level 24 rises while compressing the gas in the air chamber 18, causing the air to rise. The pressure in the phase part 7 is lower than the pressure in the air chamber 18 at the water surface 2.
It stops at a position where the difference in water head between 3 and the water surface 24 increases.

Then, by detecting the differential pressure between the bottom of the pressurized diving tank 1 and the top of the air chamber 18 with the differential pressure transmitter 21, the water level of the water surface 24 is measured, and this water level is set as the set water level in the controller 10'. Pressure control is performed by opening and closing the automatic air release valve 11 and adjusting the amount of gas in the gas phase section 7 so that the pressure is within the range.

Note that the differential pressure detected by the differential pressure transmitter 21 is
As shown in Figure 3, since the amount of water in the pressurized diving tank 1 does not change, training to store it in the gas phase section 7 is sufficient. Depending on the amount Δ■ of the exhaled exhaust gas of the Diaper 2, the pressure in the gas phase part 7 and the air chamber 18 is as follows.
The pressure rises from PI to PA□ and PH1, respectively, and accordingly, the gas volume in the air chamber 18 is compressed by an amount corresponding to the pressure increase ΔTB, and is reduced by Δ■8. trench,
The water surface inside the connecting trunk 19 has a height Δ corresponding to ΔV.
It changes so that it increases by H.

This change in the water surface is detected and the pressure in the pressurized diving tank 1, which is higher than the set pressure, is maintained within a predetermined accuracy.

That is, the exhaled exhaust gas ΔV of the training dialer 2 is in the gas phase @
The pressure increase ΔP in the gas phase portion 7 and the air chamber 18 due to accumulation in S7 is expressed by the following equation.

Here, Pl is the initial pressure inside the pressurized diving tank 1, VAI is the volume of the gas phase section 7 when the pressure is P, and I is the volume of the air chamber 18 when the pressure is P1.

The volume change Δ■o of the air chamber 18 due to the pressure increase ΔP is still
It becomes as follows.

However, PBI = PI PB□-PA2-ρg (H[12HA2) where,
ρ is the density of water, g is the gravitational acceleration, HB□ is the position of the water surface in the connected trunk 19 after the pressure has increased, and HA□ is the position of the water surface in the pressurized diving tank 1 after the pressure has increased.

This becomes a connected trunk as the volume of the air chamber 18 changes Δ■8.

Here, S indicates the cross-sectional area of the connecting trunk 19.

According to equations (1) to (3) above, the maximum working pressure of the pressurized diving tank l, the volume of the gas phase part 7, and the pressure holding accuracy are made to be within predetermined ranges, so that the water level detection accuracy is appropriate. Volume of air chamber 18■. and the cross-sectional area S of the connecting trunk 19
can be selected.

As described in details 1 to 1 above, according to the pressure control device for a pressurized diving tank of the present invention, the pressure change in the pressurized diving tank can be detected by detecting the change in the water level in the connecting trunk. By setting the appropriate water level control range in the controller for the pressure and pressure holding accuracy in the pressure diving tank, the advantage is that pressure control can be performed with the specified pressure holding accuracy regardless of the size of the pressurized pressure. be.

However, in the pressure crab control device for a pressurized diving tank of the present invention, the differential pressure transmitter is installed outside the pressurized diving tank to measure the water level, so there is no dimensional restriction on the connecting trunk, and maintenance and inspection of the measuring device is easy. It has the advantage of being extremely easy to operate, and also having a wider open side span than a normal liquid level detector.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional pressure control device, and Fig. 2.3 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional pressure control device.
The figure shows a pressure control device for a pressurized diving tank as an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing its overall configuration, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing its water level measurement function. be. l... Closed pressurized diving tank, 2... Training diver, 3...
Hatch flap, 4. Air supply source valve, 4'. Air supply valve, 5. Pressurized gas cylinder, 6. Air supply port, 7. Gas phase section, 8..
Pressure gauge, 9pa/pressure detector, 10.10'...controller,
11. Automatic release valve, 12. Air discharge port, 13. Diving breathing gas cylinder, 14. Breathing gas supply operation valve, 15.
・Diving breathing gas supply hose, 16...Diving breathing apparatus, 17
...Bubble, 18...Air chamber, 19...Connected trunk, 20
...Air supply valve, 21..Differential pressure transmitter, 22..Gas release valve, 23..Water level in the pressurized diving tank, 24..Water surface in the connected trunk, 25..Liquid phase section. Sub-Agent Patent Attorney Yoshihiko Iinuma Figure 1

Claims (1)

[Claims] In order to adjust the internal pressure of the pressurized closed diving tank, the diving tank is equipped with an automatic air release valve connected to the gas phase in the diving tank and a controller for the automatic air release valve. An air chamber connected to the liquid phase part and rising upward is provided, and a differential pressure transmitter is provided to measure the differential pressure between the pressure in the same air chamber and the pressure in the liquid phase part in the diving tank. A pressure control device for a pressurized diving tank, characterized in that the differential pressure transmitter is connected to the controller so as to control opening and closing of the automatic air release valve based on the detection signal of the differential pressure transmitter. .