JPS592875B2 - Borehole logging method using encasing device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a method for electrically logging a borehole dug underground, when a conventional logging electrode section enters the borehole. This is a well logging method in which the well logging electrode section is placed in a containment device so that the work can be carried out both in the case of entering the well and in the case of not entering the well.

In the present invention, well logging work refers to well logging work in the narrow sense of measuring and recording the physical and chemical properties of rocks in terms of depth (or depth) intermittently or continuously, as well as bullet drilling work,
This includes work performed using parts of well logging equipment, such as hole blasting work.

Therefore, in the present invention, the well logging electrode unit is a part of the well logging work equipment, and is configured to send necessary information to the well logging recording device including the sounding device on the ground, and to operate in response to commands from the ground. (a) 2-pole or 3-pole electrodes, etc. and their circuits; (b) neutron sources, gamma ray sources, sound sources, etc. and circuits; For the purpose of (a) connecting circuits with bullet perforators, sidewall core samplers, or explosive-loaded containers, etc.; (b)
) It is a terminal part that contains either an electromagnet or a connecting circuit, etc., and is a part that moves within the borehole.

Logging has traditionally been necessary for all boreholes, but it has not been possible in all cases or for all types of boreholes.

Conventional electrical well logging work employs a so-called suspended type well logging method in which a well logging electrode is suspended by a logging wire and inserted into a borehole.

Well logging using this method is commonly carried out around the world for boreholes at high angles that are close to vertical, but as long as the suspension method is used, the lower the angle, the more difficult the work becomes. Or if it has an elevation angle, it becomes almost impossible to work.

To explain this in more detail, for example, in the case of the conventional type of vertical downward drilling (Fig. 1 in Drawing 1) or a similar inclined trench (Fig. 2 in Drawing 1), electrical logging work is required. Logging work is possible because the electrode part naturally descends into the borehole due to gravity.

However, in an inclined borehole, if part of the borehole center has an inclination angle of 45 degrees or less (Figs. 3, 4, and 5 of Drawing 2), the logging electrode part will not naturally descend due to gravity, In many cases, logging work becomes impossible.

In addition, in boreholes where the angle of inclination or elevation of the borehole center is extremely low (Figures 6, 7, 8, and 9 in Drawing 3), the logging wire is flexible and cannot be inserted into the hole. Logging work is completely impossible.

In addition, there are cases where there is a collapsed part in the borehole (Fig. 4, Fig. 4), where fluid gradually overflows from the borehole due to the presence of a water layer, etc. (Fig. 11, Fig. 4), or the borehole wall of the borehole. However, if there is a so-called disk bulge that gradually collapses (see Figure 4 and Figure 12), these treatments take time and logging work is difficult.

If treatment is inadequate, logging operations are often impossible.

This invention aims to eliminate these drawbacks and to enable well logging work to be carried out by smoothly entering the logging electrode section even in boreholes where work could not be done in the past. It is.

To explain this with respect to the drawings, first of all, referring to FIG. 5 and FIG.
It consists of a joint part 3 that can be fixed by screwing, etc., a main part 2, and a bottom part 4.

The appearance of the joint 3 is cylindrical, but there is a groove 5 on one side.
It is detachable from the excavation pipe 13 shown in FIG. 6.

The cylindrical surface of joint 30 may be smooth or threaded.

Fig. 1 of Drawing 6 shows a type in which the joint 3 is located inside the excavation pipe 13, and Fig. 1 in Drawing 6 shows a type in which the joint 3 is located outside.

In either case, the joint portion 3 is in contact with and supported by the excavation pipe 13 on its outer or inner surface.

Further, the main body part 2 shown in FIG. 5 has a cylindrical shape, and has a shape in which the logging electrode part γ can be accommodated.

It has a notch 6 through which a logging cable 8 is passed.

Furthermore, if necessary, small holes, slits, windows, or meshes may be provided on the surface of the main body 20 so that the fluid in the borehole 11 can flow therethrough.

The end surface of the excavation pipe 13 may come into contact with the end surface of the main body portion 2 (FIG. 6 U and FIG. 1).

As shown in FIG. 5, the bottom part 4 of the packaging device 1 is not hollow, but has a disk shape or a cylindrical shape, and may be provided with a protrusion to stop it if necessary.

The packaging device 1, which is composed of the above-mentioned parts, has a borehole 11.
It has a size that allows it to freely enter, and all its parts are
It consists of chemically synthesized materials such as vinyl chloride, plastic, Bakelite, and non-metallic materials such as wood products.

This is because the containment device does not affect work such as electrical measurements, and when the containment device left in the borehole is crushed, the specific gravity is small and the fragments can be sent out of the borehole by circulating muddy water. It is for a certain reason.

Here, in the present invention, a borehole refers not only to a small-diameter so-called polling hole, but also to a large-diameter well, such as a non-exploration drilling, non-exploration drilling, or development valve well aimed at exploration and development of resources, a bridge pier, a dam, etc. This includes wells with a diameter of 1 meter or more for the construction of tunnels.

In addition, in the present invention, logging work can be carried out using the resistivity method, induction electromagnetic method,
In addition to logging work in a narrow sense whose main purpose is measurement in boreholes such as the self-potential method, sonic logging method, radioactivity logging method, and temperature logging method, logging equipment (recording equipment, hoisting equipment, sounding equipment, etc.) Work that uses part of the equipment, logging cables, logging electrodes, etc.), for example,
This includes metal fragment detection work, bullet drilling work, sidewall core sampling work (SWC sampling work), and blasting work in boreholes.

Metal fragment detection work here refers to the work of detecting the position of metal fragments in a hole using a side fence with an electromagnet (e.g., a magnetic sensor), and bullet perforation work (gun perforation work) refers to the work of detecting the position of metal fragments in a hole using a side fence with an electromagnet (e.g., a magnetic sensor). This is a drilling operation of the casing pipe and the hole wall using a sudden thrust force laterally from the hole center using a Duran-Perger set gun perforator.

Sidewall core (SWC) sampling is a process in which a sidewall core sampler (e.g., a Duran-Perjar set C8T device) is used to drill a hole in the lateral direction of a hole with a rapid thrust, and This is the work of collecting specimens.

Therefore, in the present invention, the well logging electrode section includes a well logging electrode section whose main purpose is measurement, and a well logging electrode section whose main purpose is not measurement but work, such as sidewall core collection work. sidewall core sampler used for
There are bullet perforators for bullet drilling work, containers loaded with explosives for hole blasting work, etc.

An example of a logging device for such well logging work is a Duran-Perger complete logging device.

The logging work using the containment device with the above structure is shown in Figure 7.
This work includes the next stage of the logging process shown in , 8 and 9.

Logging process - (a): In the main body part 2 of the packaging device 1,
A well logging electrode part 7 for the purpose of measurement is inserted, and a well logging cable 8 to be connected thereto is passed through the notch 6 of the packaging device 1.

Well logging process - (b): Next, position the logging cable 8 on the outside of the excavation pipe 13, attach the excavation pipe 13 and the containment device 1, and then install the excavation pipe 13 one after another. Insert into the borehole 11 while connecting.

Therefore, along with this, the logging cable 8 is also drawn in (Fig. 1619 of Drawing 7).

Logging process −eυ: When the containment device 1 reaches the position in the borehole 11 where electrical logging work is planned (see Figure 9), the excavation pipe 13 is removed from the containment device 1. Remove it and pull it out from the borehole 11 (Figures 20-22 of Drawing 8)
.

In this case, the groove 5 in the joint 3 of the packaging device 1 in drawing 5 is
After the packaging device 1 is detached from the excavation pipe 13.

The logging cable 8 functions to be able to pull the logging electrode part 7 without tilting about the hole center 12.

Logging process - to): Furthermore, logging cable 8 is installed in borehole 1.
1 Winding up with an outside winding machine and extracting the logging electrode part 7 from the containment device 1 (Fig. 9, Figure 1) 6. Logging process - (e): Then, the containment device 1 was left in the borehole 11. In this state, electrical commands are issued from the ground to start operations such as hoisting, measurement, and recording, and when the logging electrode section 7 reaches the ground surface 14, the electrical operations in the borehole are completed.

Cases other than the basic process for logging mentioned above are as follows: Case (A): Borehole 1 without a casing pipe inserted
Sidewall core sampling work (in the case of SWC collection work, a sidewall core sampler is used instead of the logging electrode section 7 whose main purpose is measurement) for the bare pit section 1. into the main body part 2, and pass the logging wire 8 connected to it through the notch 6 (logging wire 8).
Seth-i).

Next, insert (logging process bite) (Drawing 10th spiritual map)
, (Logging process - C) Detachment, (Logging process - II)
After extraction and other work steps similar to the basic process, the sidewall core (SWC) was collected with the containment device 1 left in the borehole 11 (Fig. 26 of Drawing 10), and the logging cable was removed. 8 at the surface 14, bring the sidewall core sampler to the surface, and complete the work (logging process - e).

Case (B) When performing bullet perforation work (gun perforation work) on the borehole 11 into which the two casing pipes 19 are inserted, the bullet perforation work is performed instead of the logging electrode part γ whose main purpose is measurement. The container is connected to the logging cable 8 and inserted into the main body 2 of the packaging device 1.

Next, insert (logging process bite), (logging process −
...) Detachment and (2) Extraction, the casing is removed at the target position with the containment device 1 left in the hole (Fig. 27 of Drawing 10). The bullet drilling operation that penetrates the pipe 19 is performed by electrical commands from the ground.

Further, the logging cable 8 is hoisted up on the ground, the bullet perforator is collected on the ground surface 14, and the work is completed (well logging process - e).

Case (C): In the case of blasting work in the borehole 11, instead of the logging electrode part T whose main purpose is measurement, a container loaded with explosives is connected to the logging cable 8 and the packaging device 1 is used. The storage device 1 should be inserted into the main body 2 of the logging process -a)
is attached to the excavation pipe 13, and the logging process mouthpiece is inserted into the borehole 11 (Fig. 10, E).

Near the target location, (logging process...)
Detachment and (logging process - d) extraction are carried out according to the basic process.

Next, the state in which the packaging device 1 is left in the hole (No. 26 in Drawing 10)
27), an electrical command is sent from the ground through the logging cable 8 to detonate the explosive.

Next, the logging cable 8 is hoisted up and the work is completed (logging process - e).

This blasting work has the purpose of destroying objects existing in the borehole 11 or expanding the borehole wall.

To summarize the effects of the present invention, if the device of the present invention is applied to boreholes where logging could not be done conventionally, well logging work can be carried out easily and economically in a short time. This is a characteristic.

To further explain this with an example, (A): If the device of the present invention is used, the excavation pipe 13
Since the logging electrode section 7 is attached to the hole center 12,
It can be fed into the borehole 11.

That is, there is an effect that the direction of the logging electrode section 7 can be maintained, which was not possible with the conventional suspension type.

(B): Using the device of the present invention has the effect of protecting the logging electrode part γ from the borehole wall of the borehole 11 and from foreign objects such as rock fragments inside the borehole 11.

(q: Using the device of the present invention for borehole 11, which is an open pit, (logging process-a) mounting, (logging process
After completing the operations of (1) insertion, (well logging process), (2) extraction, (well logging process -2), metallic objects that become obstacles to electrical measurement work are found around the underground logging electrode section 70. Since there are no parts, it has the effect of configuring an appropriate environment in which measurement work can be performed.

(D): After the logging work using the device of the present invention is once completed, if the same borehole is to be further excavated, the containment device 1 made only of non-metallic materials is installed in the borehole 11. Since it is the only thing left, it is possible to dig it up and continue digging.

In other words, there is an effect that additional digging is possible. (6) After logging work using the device of the present invention is once completed, if the logging work is to be repeated for the same borehole, if the containment device of the present invention is further used, logging can be performed repeatedly. It is.

That is, one of the features of the device is that the initially used storage device 1 remaining in the hole does not become an obstacle to logging operations from the second time onwards.

Therefore, there is an effect that the logging work can be repeated.

(F): If the device of the present invention is used, it is possible to use a borehole of a type in which the inclination angle of the borehole center 12 is 45 degrees or less in part or all of the borehole 11 (for example, Fig. 4.5 of Figure 2). This has the effect of making well logging possible for all areas inside the hole.

(G): If the device of the present invention is used, it can be used even in so-called horizontal boreholes (for example, Figures 6, 7, 8, and 9 of Drawing 3) where the elevation angle of the borehole center is 45 degrees or less or the depression angle is 45 degrees or less. This has the effect of making well logging work easier.

The logging operation in such a borehole is one of the operations in which the present invention can most effectively exhibit its effects, and will be explained in more detail as follows.

In boreholes associated with dam construction or tunnel construction, in addition to the so-called vertical boreholes with high angle downwards (for example, Drawing 1), there are many horizontal boreholes that are close to horizontal (for example, Drawing 3).
In the case of a horizontal type, it was not possible to perform electrical logging work in the past.

Therefore, in such cases, it was customary to repeatedly collect rock fragments or core samples from inside the hole.

This is a task that requires a great deal of money and time.

However, no matter how many samples are collected, it is extremely difficult to collect 100% samples.

For example, there are no samples of large cavities, so we have only been able to estimate the state of rock formation.

This is equivalent to a lack of knowledge in areas that must be known in order to prevent danger.

As a result, it was impossible to predict flooding, which often resulted in dangerous work.

Particularly in the case of undersea tunnels, this has led to major accidents.

In such a case, if the apparatus of the present invention is applied, well logging work becomes possible and continuous records of the inside of the borehole can be taken.

In addition, sidewall
If you use the packaging device 1 with a built-in core sampler,
A sample of a necessary portion within the borehole 11 can be taken at any time in a short period of time.

In other words, by both IJ and SWC collection, the overall construction period can be reduced, construction costs can be reduced, and the physical properties of rocks, including water-saturated voids and cavities, which could only be guessed in the past, can be investigated. Because you can keep records and predict danger,
Countermeasures can be taken in advance.

Therefore, the effects of the present invention are significant when applied to tunnel construction, especially undersea tunnels.

In addition, if the device of the present invention is used to perform well logging work in horizontal boreholes in coal mines, where well logging work has not been possible in the past, it will be possible to accurately determine the location where gas will be present and take appropriate measures. It is possible to prevent accidents such as explosions.

0: If the device of the present invention is used to perform logging work on wells intended for oil and natural gas production, there will be many advantages as described below.

H-1): Many wells are made using the inclined drilling method, where the hole center 12 is vertical near the ground surface, but as it approaches the bottom, the hole center 12 becomes at a lower angle (Figure 2, C, positive).

Regarding Fig. 1), the range in which well logging can be done using conventional suspended type well logging was limited to shallow layers.

Even if the oil or gas layer is found to be in the deep part of the well, the logging electrode part 7 will not reach the bottom of the well and will not be able to reach the target area, so it is unavoidable to do logging in the deep part of the well. It was customary to postpone work.

In other words, large sums of money were often invested in excavations that ended without essential records being taken in the areas most needed.

Using the device of the present invention, unlike a suspended type that relies on gravity,
Since the digging pipe 13 is used, the angle of the hole center 12 is not affected.

Therefore, even in this case, there is an effect that the well can be easily logged.

(H-2): There are many boreholes in Japan and abroad that are drilled downward at a high angle close to vertical, and they are a common type of borehole.

In many cases, logging work is involved (Figures 1 and 2 of Figure 1)C. Taking the example of offshore drilling for the purpose of oil exploration at a depth of 3,000 meters, the direct work costs including employment contracts are , it costs approximately 1ioooo yen or more per hour.

Therefore, the person in charge naturally strives to reduce the working time as much as possible in order to reduce the total working cost.

However, while working in the field, we often come across cases where the conditions inside the hole are not suitable for conventional suspended logging work, and further work is necessary and time is required to adjust the inside of the hole. do.

Moreover, it often happens that more than 50 hours are wasted to adjust the inside of the hole under such conditions.

In other words, approximately 5,500,000 yen or more is wasted during this period to carry out one well logging operation.

If well logging is carried out using the apparatus of the present invention, the overall working time can be reduced and the same measurement records or work results can be obtained.

For example, if fluid such as water overflows from inside the borehole, it becomes difficult to feed the logging electrode section 7 into the borehole 11.

(Figure 4, Figure 11).

By applying the device of the present invention, the logging electrode section 7 can be installed in the borehole 11 against the pressure of overflowing fluid.

In other words, well logging work becomes possible, the location and scale of the source of fluid such as water flowing into the borehole 11 can be known, and countermeasures can be easily taken.

In other words, in order to suppress the water layer 17, etc., a large amount of time and materials were required up until now, but there is an effect that these can be reduced.

(H-3): In a high-angle downward borehole (Drawing 1), if it is known that a collapsed part 16 exists (Fig. 4), the logging electrode part 7 Normally cancels insertion.

Therefore, electrical logging work is not possible.

In this case, the usual countermeasures are to mix a large amount of chemical slurry into the drilling mud, and then build a barrier or insert a casing pipe into the collapsed area 16 over time. , to cover the collapsed portion 16, etc.

However, if a casing tube is inserted, any logging whose main purpose is measurement, other than radioactivity logging such as neutron/gamma logging, cannot be applied.

In this case, if the excavation pipe 13 can be inserted before inserting the casing pipe, it is possible to accurately grasp the location, size, character, etc. of the collapsed part 16 using the device of the present invention through well logging work. This has the effect of making it possible to take countermeasures against trees.

(H-4): Due to the swelling clay such as bentonite, which is often seen in high-angle downward boreholes 11 such as test drilling valves for oil and natural gas, once formed If there is a so-called disk bulging phenomenon in which the hole gradually collapses, logging work is sometimes impossible (Figure 4, Figure 12).

In this case as well, the only normal countermeasures include changing the mud preparation method or inserting a casing pipe 19.

Due to these reasons, there have been cases where actual drilling in offshore areas took more than two months beyond the planned number of days and cost hundreds of millions of yen more than planned to complete work on just one well. there were.

At that time, if it is determined that it is possible to attach the device of the present invention to the excavation pipe 13 and sieve the pipe, it becomes possible to perform well logging work, and to make the well logging work possible as in the past. To,
There is no need to completely control the board bulge 18 over time, and it becomes possible to insert the casing pipe after logging work and proceed with the work in a perfect state.

Therefore, there is an effect that the entire construction period can be shortened.

(■): When blasting work is required in a borehole 11 in a broader sense, including an oil test drilling valve, it is necessary to perform blasting work in a sudden manner, except for cases such as enlarging the hole wall for which work has been scheduled in advance. In many cases, it is a request.

For example, in the borehole 11, blasting work is often required immediately after a so-called in-hole accident, such as breakage of iron pipes or falling of metal parts into the borehole. is defective, and there is concern that it may cause collapse in other parts of the hole during work.

Therefore, it is difficult to ensure safety when inserting explosives using the suspension method, and people hesitate to insert the explosives for fear that they may be detained midway.

In this situation, if it can be determined that the digging pipe 13 can be inserted, the blasting work can be performed using the apparatus of the present invention.

(Figure i or Figure 412 of Drawing 10).

Furthermore, even if the commonly used excavation pipe 13 cannot be inserted, another excavation pipe 13 with a smaller diameter may be used.

Therefore, the blasting operation in a hole using the apparatus of the present invention has the effect of allowing the operation to be carried out safely and steadily.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of conventional well logging work shown in Drawings 1 to 4, and FIG. 1 of Drawing 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a vertical borehole. Figure 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an inclined borehole. 3rd and 4th in drawing 2
, Figure 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an inclined borehole in which the angle of the hole center changes. Fig. 6 of Drawing 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a horizontal borehole when it has an elevation angle, Fig. 7 when it is horizontal, Fig. 8 when it has an inclination angle, and Fig. 9 when it is bent. FIG. 10 of Drawing 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the borehole in the case where there is a collapsed part, FIG. 11 is in the case where there is a water layer, and FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view of the borehole in the case where there is a disc bulge. FIG. 13 of FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the packaging device of the present invention. Drawings 6 to 10 show embodiments of the present invention, and Fig. 14 of Fig. 6 shows a type with a joint on the inside of the excavation pipe, and Fig. 15 shows a type with a joint on the outside. FIG. 3 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of the packaging device. FIG. 16 of Drawing 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of the storage device before the excavation pipe is detached. FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view taken along line a-b. FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along line c-d. FIG. 19 is a vertical cross-sectional view along e-f. FIG. 20 of Drawing 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of the storage device after the excavation pipe is detached. FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view taken along line gh. FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view taken along line i-j. 23 and 24 of FIG. 9 are longitudinal sectional views of a vertical borehole showing the operation of the containment device. Figures 25, 26, and 2γ of Drawing 10 are longitudinal sectional views of a vertical borehole showing operations during various logging work processes. 1: Containment device, 2: Main body, 3: Joint, 4: Bottom, 5
: groove, 6: notch, 7: logging electrode part, 8: logging cable, 9: pulley, 10: ground part of logging device such as recording device,
11: Borehole, 12: Hole core, 13: Drilling pipe, 14
: Earth surface, 15: Resource-containing layer, 16: Collapsed part, 17: Water layer, 18: Plate bulge, 19: Casing pipe.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Using a cylindrical containment device made of a non-metallic material, one end of which is screwed into the drilling pipe, is detachable, and can accommodate the logging electrode section,
Insert the logging electrode part into the containment device, pass the logging wire through the notch made in the containment device, and insert the drilling pipe into the containment device while keeping it positioned outside the drilling pipe. Attach it and send it to the borehole, and depending on the purpose of logging, remove the drilling pipe from the containment device at the logging position and pull it out from the hole.
Furthermore, the well logging method involves rolling up the logging cable and extracting the logging electrode part from the storage device to prepare for inauguration and carry out work such as measurements.