JPS5928263Y2 - Duct type air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a duct type air conditioner, and is characterized in that it efficiently provides air conditioning to workers who move over a wide area in a short period of time.

In general, air conditioners are essential in buildings, etc., and in recent years, even in large factories, it has become important to protect worker safety and maintain a comfortable working environment to improve productivity and improve ergonomics. important from this point of view.

For these reasons, air conditioning throughout the factory
This is extremely uneconomical due to the following points.

In other words, (1) In the production process of a factory, large machinery and overhead running lanes are sometimes installed, which requires a large space with a high ceiling, which makes air conditioning extremely inefficient.

(2) Since the number of personnel is small relative to the work area and the work area of a particular unit worker is relatively limited, air conditioning for the entire factory would be wasteful.

(3) Depending on the work process, some parts use heat-generating machines and others do not, and the amount of heat generated in each work part is extremely different, and the comfortable temperature varies depending on the work content, so it is necessary to air condition the entire factory. This will cause inconvenience.

(4) Some work areas generate harmful gases, bad odors, dust, etc., and these work areas require a large amount of outside air. It is difficult to provide a good working environment for employees.

As mentioned above, air conditioning systems for the entire factory have various drawbacks, so recently local air conditioning systems have been adopted that air condition only specific work areas for unit workers.

Conventional local air conditioning involves, for example, installing a stand behind a worker operating a machine tool, etc., and installing a spot cooler on this stand to send cold air to the worker, or operating a heat-generating machine, etc. A duct-type local air conditioning system is used in which an air duct is installed behind the head of the worker and always sends a constant amount of cold air to the worker.

However, although these spot coolers and duct-type local air conditioners are effective for workers who work in fixed positions, it is difficult to use them with several or more than a dozen machine tools. This has the disadvantage that it cannot provide effective air conditioning for workers who work while circulating between machine tools in a relatively short cycle time.

The present invention was devised in view of the above points, and it is possible to efficiently provide air conditioning to workers who move over a wide area in a short time, as well as to provide economical air conditioning with no waste. Its purpose is to eliminate the need for frequent turning on and off of the air conditioning source and to prevent overload operation of the air conditioning source.

Therefore, the present invention connects the other end of a duct with a closed end to the discharge port of an air conditioning source, and extends the duct to a plurality of work locations in a factory. An air outlet equipped with an opening/closing damper is provided at each work location to form a group of air outlets consisting of a large number of air outlets, and the presence of a worker is controlled in each drive circuit that opens and closes each opening/closing damper of the group of air outlets. In addition to connecting an opening/closing signal transmitting device that detects the presence of a worker and issues an open signal, and detects the absence of a worker and issues a closing signal, the open/close signal transmits only when receiving close signals from all of the aforementioned open/close signal transmitting devices at the same time. A circuit that generates air is connected to some of the drive circuits, and air conditioning is performed for the worker by opening only the opening/closing damper at the outlet where the worker is present. When there is no worker in the position, the opening/closing damper of a single outlet in each outlet in a group is opened, eliminating the need for frequent on/off operations of the air conditioning source and preventing overload operation of the air conditioning source. This was done in order to prevent this.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a layout showing an embodiment of the duct type air conditioner according to the present invention. In the figure, 1 is an air conditioner such as an air conditioner or an air conditioner, and the discharge port 2 of this air conditioner source 1,
Flexible ducts 3, 3 made of aluminum with one end closed are connected to 2 for communication, and these ducts 1-3, 3 are connected to a plurality of various work locations B, B, etc. in factory A. It is extended.

Here, the duct 3 is constructed by fitting a clamping ring 4 around the outer periphery of the duct 3 as shown in FIG. It may be supported by hanging from the ceiling, it may be suspended below the workbench B' as shown in FIG. 3, or it may be laid along the floor.

By such means, various work areas B and B in factory A are
A large number of air outlets 6, 6... are provided at arbitrary intervals in the duct 3 disposed in... A group of air outlets 6...
...and so on.

That is, in each of the work blocks D1 to D9 in FIG. 1, for example, in work block D, a total of five air outlets 6 are used to form a group of air outlets 6.

As shown in FIG. 4, an opening/closing damper 8 is provided between each of these air outlets 6, 6, . . . and the communicating portion 7 of the duct 3.

This opening/closing damper 8 rotates around a pivot shaft 9, and a plunger 11 of an electromagnetic solenoid 10 is connected to one end of the damper 8.

The electromagnetic solenoid 10 described above is constructed by welding and fixing an L-shaped fixture 13 to the outer peripheral surface of a blow-off pipe 12 integrally formed with the duct 3, and attaching it to this fixture 13 using a nut 14. 10 is energized, the plunger 11 is attracted, and the opening/closing damper 8 is moved around the fulcrum shaft 9.
is opened as shown by imaginary lines in FIG. 4, and hot or cold air in the duct 3 is sent out from the outlet 6 through the communication portion 7.

Note that the opening/closing damper mechanism shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 may be used instead of the opening/closing damper mechanism shown in FIG. 4, and other implementations of the opening/closing damper mechanism will be described below based on FIGS. Explain an example.

The opening/closing damper mechanism shown in FIG. 5 has an outlet pipe 15 integrally formed with a tapered portion 15a communicated with the duct 3, and a blowout pipe 16 connected to the tip of the outlet pipe 15.
A bowl-shaped opening/closing damper 8A for appropriately closing the tapered portion is provided, and a connecting rod 17 is connected to this damper 8A.
7 is axially movably supported by a metal 19 fixed to the outlet pipe 15 via a support rod 18, and furthermore, the connecting rod 1
A link 20 is connected to the end of the ring 7, and a plunger 11 of an electromagnetic solenoid 10 is connected to one end of the ring 20. When the electromagnetic solenoid 10 is energized, the link 20 is attached to the rotation fulcrum shaft 22 of the link 20 due to the suction operation of the plunger 11 (movement to the right in FIG. 5).
5 in the clockwise direction in FIG. The air is then sent out from the air outlet 6 to the outside.

In the opening/closing damper mechanism shown in FIG. 6, a circular casing 24 is connected and fixed to the duct 3 using a connecting fitting 23, and a blow-off pipe 25 including a blow-off port 6 is integrally connected to the casing 24. A drive shaft 2 of a step motor (also referred to as a pulse motor) 10' is located in the center of the casing 24.
6 is mounted on a shaft, and arc-shaped opening/closing dampers 8B, 8B are connected to this drive shaft 26 via yokes 27 and 27.
When a single input pulse signal is applied to the step motor 10', the drive shaft 26 of the motor 10' rotates by a certain angle (90° in this embodiment), thereby opening the damper 8B and causing the inside of the duct 3 to rotate. The hot air or cold air is sent out from the outlet 6 through the communication portion 7 to the outside.

The configuration of an electric circuit for automatically opening and closing each of the opening/closing dampers 8, 8A, and 8B configured as described above will be explained based on FIG. 7.

In the same figure, 28A to 28E are sensors, and each of these sensors 28A to 28E detects the presence or absence of a worker when the worker circulates to each work position indicated by the black and white circles in FIG. The detection signal is applied to the next stage circuit only when the worker is present at the relevant work position.

As each of these sensors 28A to 28E, reflective sensors 28 and 28' as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 are used.

That is, the sensor 28 shown in FIG. 8 includes an infrared light emitting diode 29 and a solar cell 30.
The infrared rays α emitted when a forward bias voltage is applied to the pn junction 9 are emitted to the worker, and once the change in the amount of the infrared rays α that is reflected by the worker is detected by the solar cell 30, The structure is such that a detection signal is applied to the next stage circuit only when a worker is present.

Here, the solar cell 30 converts light energy into electrical energy using the photoelectric effect exhibited by a single silicon semiconductor.

The sensor 28' shown in FIG. 9 also uses ultrasonic waves (16×1
It includes an ultrasonic oscillation horn 31 that oscillates and outputs (sound waves with a frequency of 04 or higher) into a medium, and a microphone 32 that converts sound pressure, which is acoustic energy, into electrical energy, and generates high-frequency electrical vibrations by an oscillator (not shown). This is converted into mechanical vibration using a magnetostrictive resonator or a piezoelectric resonator, and further mechanically amplified using the horn 31 to oscillate and output an ultrasonic wave β, which is transmitted to a worker. The system detects the change in time (sound pressure attenuation) until it hits the worker, is reflected, and returns, and applies the detection signal to the next stage circuit only when the worker is present. It is composed of

Monostable multivibrators 38 to 42 are connected to the output sides of the sensors 28A to 28E configured in this way through respective resistors 33 to 37, respectively.

Further, CR time constant circuits 43 to 47 are connected to each of these multivibrators 38 to 42 in order to set the output pulse signals from the sensors 28A to 28E to a constant pulse width (predetermined time width). .

It goes without saying that each of these CR time constant circuits 43 to 47 is composed of a resistor and a capacitor.

Relay drive amplifiers 48 to 52 are connected to the output sides of the multivibrators 38 to 42, respectively.

However, an amplifier 48 is connected to the output side of one monostable multivibrator 38 via an OR circuit (logical sum circuit) 53.

Further, the output side of each of the vibrators 38 to 42 is connected to a NOR circuit (logical sum negation circuit) 59 via lines 54 to 58.
The output terminal of this NOR circuit 59 and one input terminal of the OR circuit 53 are connected to each other.

Furthermore, respective relays 60 to 64 are connected to the output sides of the respective amplifiers 48 to 52.

Therefore, between the power terminals 65 and 66, the relay contact 60a of the relay 60 and the electromagnetic solenoid IOA, the relay contact 61a and the electromagnetic solenoid IOB, and the relay contact 62
a and electromagnetic solenoid IOC, relay contact 63 a
The series circuits of electromagnetic solenoid 10D, relay contact 64a, and electromagnetic solenoid IOE are connected in parallel.

In addition, 67 and 68 are AC input terminals, 69 is a transformer, and 7
0 is a constant voltage power supply circuit.

Here, the amplifier 48, the relay 60, and the electromagnetic solenoid IOA constitute one drive circuit that opens and closes each opening/closing damper 8 of the group of air outlets 6,
Similarly, each element 49, 61.10 B, 50, 62
,10 C151,63,10D,52,64.10
E also has respective drive circuits configured.

In addition, the sensor 28A and the monostable multivibrator 38
These constitute an opening/closing signal transmitting device that detects the presence of a worker and issues an open signal, and detects the absence of a worker and issues a close signal.Similarly, each of the elements 28B, 39, 28C, 4
0, 28D, 41, 28E, and 42 also constitute respective opening/closing signal devices.

Further, the OR circuit 53 and the NOR circuit 59 constitute a circuit that issues an open signal only when receiving close signals from all of the open/close signal transmitting devices at the same time.

Next, the operation of the air conditioner configured as described above will be described.

For example, when a worker is working at a work position P1 in one work block DI shown in FIG. 1, the sensor 28A located at a position facing the worker detects the presence of the worker. outputs an output pulse signal.

Since this output pulse signal (trigger pulse) is applied to the monostable multivibrator 38 via the resistor 33, the stable state of the vibrator 38 is transferred, and the output pulse signal from the multivibrator 38 is output by the time constant of the CR time constant circuit 43. One signal with a predetermined set time width is output.

This 1 signal is applied to one input terminal of the OR circuit 53 and also to one input terminal of the NOR circuit 59 via the line 54, and a 0 signal is logically outputted from the NOR circuit 59.

Therefore, a 1 signal and a 0 signal are applied to the two input terminals of the OR circuit 53, and these two signals are ORed by this OR circuit 53, and a 1 signal is output from the circuit 53. Ru.

This one signal is amplified by the next-stage amplifier 48 and then applied to the relay 60, so that the relay 60 is energized and turns on the relay contact 60a.

When the relay contact 60a is turned on, power is applied to the electromagnetic solenoid IOA.
The OA operates, rotates the opening/closing damper 8, and opens the air outlet 6.

When the outlet 6 is opened by the opening/closing damper 8 in this manner, the hot or cold air flowing into the duct 3 from the outlet 2 of the air conditioning source 1 is sent out from the outlet 6 through the communication part 7. is sprayed onto the worker working at the working position P1 to maintain a comfortable working environment at the working position.

When a set time (for example, several tens of seconds) determined by the time constant of the CR time constant circuit 43 has elapsed, the monostable multivibrator 38 returns to its original stable state (stationary state), so that the energization to the electromagnetic solenoid IOA is cut off. , the opening/closing damper 8 closes the communication portion 7 between the air outlet 6 and the duct 3.

However, if the sensor 28A detects the presence of the worker again within the set time determined by the time constant of the CR time constant circuit 43, the opening/closing damper 8 will continue to open for the set time from this point onwards. be.

Next, when the worker moves from the work position P1 shown in FIG. 1 to another work position P2, the sensor 28B located opposite the worker at position P2 detects the presence of the worker. Since it outputs an output pulse signal (trigger pulse), the electromagnetic solenoid IOB
is activated to open the air outlet 6 by the opening/closing damper 8, and blow hot or cold air to the worker working at the working position P2 to maintain a comfortable working environment at the working position.

Thereafter, the worker moves from the work position P2 shown in FIG. 1 to another work position P3. P4. When moving to P5, each of these positions P
3. P4. Sensors 28C, 28D, and 28E located at positions facing the worker at P5 sequentially detect the presence of the worker and output pulse signals, so that the electromagnetic solenoids 10C, 10D, and 10E operate in sequence. The air outlet 6 is opened by the opening/closing damper 8, and air conditioning is effectively performed for the workers who work while circulating the air.

Next, when the worker leaves his/her workplace and is not at any of the working positions P1 to P5 shown in FIG. 1, the input terminals of the NOR circuit 59 shown in FIG. The signal is applied, and the l signal is logically output from the circuit 59, so a 0 signal is applied to the upper input terminal of the OR circuit 53, and a 1 signal is applied to the lower input terminal. These two signals are logically summed by the OR circuit 53, and the circuit 53 outputs the l signal.

As a result, the electromagnetic solenoid 10A operates in the same manner as described above to rotate the opening/closing damper 8, thereby forming a group of air outlets 6 consisting of a total of five air outlets 6 in the work block D1. . . . to open one air outlet 6.

In other words, even if there is no worker at any of the work positions P1 to P5 in one work block D1 shown in FIG. One outlet 6 can be opened by rotating the opposing opening/closing damper 8, which eliminates the need for the complicated operation of stopping the air conditioning source each time, and prevents the air conditioning source 1 from being overloaded. It is something that can be done.

That is, during cooling, it is possible to prevent the low pressure from dropping abnormally, and during heating, it is possible to prevent the high pressure from rising abnormally.

Next, when the worker who has been away from his/her post returns to the work block D1 shown in FIG. Since the presence is detected and an output pulse signal (trigger pulse) is output, the electromagnetic solenoid IOD is activated by the same action as described above, and the opening/closing damper 8 is activated.
This opens the air outlet 6 and blows hot or cold air at the worker who has returned to the working position P4, thereby making the working environment at that working position comfortable. It is possible to perform efficient air conditioning for moving workers without having to bother the workers, and also to perform economical air conditioning without waste.

In addition, since the duct type air conditioner shown in the above embodiment uses an aluminum flexible duct for the duct 3, the duct can be easily installed, and it can be easily installed when changing the layout in the factory. Also, the duct placement position can be easily changed.

In the above embodiment, the duct 3 is made of aluminum, but it goes without saying that the present invention may use a duct other than aluminum, such as a steel duct.

Further, in the above embodiment, a reflection type sensor using infrared rays or ultrasonic waves is illustrated as the sensor 28, but it goes without saying that other sensors such as a phototube may be used to detect the presence or absence of a worker.

Furthermore, instead of the step motor 10' shown in FIG. 6, a pulse motor whose rotor rotates by 45 degrees may be used.

However, when using this pulse motor, it is necessary to install a total of four arc-shaped opening/closing dampers 8B at equal intervals of 45 degrees.

As described in detail above, the present invention has a discharge port 2 of an air conditioning source 1.
The other end of the duct 3 with one end closed is connected in communication, and the duct 3 is extended to a plurality of work locations B in the factory. An air outlet 6 equipped with an opening/closing damper 8 is provided for each air outlet 6.
A group of air outlets 6 consisting of..., and each opening/closing damper 8 of the group of air outlets 6...
・・・・・・Connecting to each drive circuit that opens and closes an opening/closing signal transmitting device that detects the presence of a worker and issues an open signal, and detects the absence of a worker and issues a close signal,
A circuit that emits an open signal only when receiving the close signals of all the open/close signal transmitting devices at the same time is connected to some of the drive circuits, so it can be used by workers who move over a wide area in a short time, for example, with several devices. Alternatively, it is possible to efficiently provide air conditioning to workers who carry more than a dozen machine tools and circulate between these machine tools in a relatively short cycle time. It is something.

In addition, the duct 3 is provided with a large number of air outlets 6, 6... and opening/closing dampers 8, 8...
, 8..., air conditioning is performed by individually opening and closing the air outlets 6, 6..., so even in relatively large factories, it can be done selectively only in the necessary locations. It has various excellent advantages such as being able to perform air conditioning and, as a result, being able to perform efficient and economical air conditioning.

Moreover, only the opening/closing damper 8 at the outlet 6 at the location where the worker is present is opened to provide air conditioning for the worker, and at any position facing each outlet 6 of the group. When no worker is present, the opening/closing damper 8 of a single outlet 6 in each group of outlets 6 can be opened, so there is no need to frequently turn on/off the air conditioning source 1. Moreover, overload operation of the air conditioning source 1 can be prevented.

That is, during cooling, it is possible to prevent the low pressure from dropping abnormally, and during heating, it is possible to prevent the high pressure from rising abnormally.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a layout diagram showing a duct type air conditioner according to the present invention, FIGS. 2 and 3 are explanatory diagrams showing the specific arrangement structure of the duct, and FIGS. 4, 5, and 6 are FIG. 7 is an electric circuit diagram for automatically opening and closing the opening/closing damper mechanism, and FIGS. 8 and 9 are explanatory diagrams of sensors. 1...Air conditioning source, 2...Discharge port, 3
...Duct, 6...Blowout outlet, 7...
...Communication part, 8, 8 A, 8 B... Opening/closing damper.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] The other end of a duct 3 with one end closed is connected to the discharge port 2 of the air conditioning source 1, and the duct 3 is extended to a plurality of work locations B in the factory. The duct 3 is provided with an air outlet 6 equipped with an opening/closing damper 8 for each work location B, and a group of air outlets 6 consisting of a large number of air outlets 6... ...and these group of air outlets 6
Each opening/closing damper 8... detects the presence of a worker and issues an open signal to each drive circuit that opens and closes, and detects the absence of a worker and issues a close signal. The duct type air duct is characterized in that an opening/closing signal transmitting device is connected thereto, and a circuit that emits an open signal only when simultaneously receiving the closing signals of all the opening/closing signal transmitting devices is connected to some of the drive circuits. harmonization device.