JPS5926773B2 - Direct injection diesel engine combustion chamber - Google Patents
Direct injection diesel engine combustion chamberInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5926773B2 JPS5926773B2 JP9729778A JP9729778A JPS5926773B2 JP S5926773 B2 JPS5926773 B2 JP S5926773B2 JP 9729778 A JP9729778 A JP 9729778A JP 9729778 A JP9729778 A JP 9729778A JP S5926773 B2 JPS5926773 B2 JP S5926773B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- protrusion
- cavity
- circumferential surface
- combustion chamber
- section
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F02B2275/14—Direct injection into combustion chamber
Landscapes
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は直接噴射式ディーゼルエンジンの燃焼室構造に
関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a combustion chamber structure for a direct injection diesel engine.
ディーゼルエンジンでは排気中の黒煙低減が大きな課題
の一つとなつている。One of the major challenges for diesel engines is reducing black smoke in the exhaust.
排気中の黒煙を低減するには燃焼室内で吸気と燃料との
混合を促進させると良い。To reduce black smoke in the exhaust, it is better to promote mixing of intake air and fuel within the combustion chamber.
したがつて、従来のディーゼルエンジンでは吸気にスワ
ールをもたせ、燃焼室内で旋回させている。Therefore, in conventional diesel engines, the intake air is swirled inside the combustion chamber.
一方、ピストン頂面とシリンダヘッド内面との間に生ず
る空間の吸気を、ピストンの圧縮上昇行程に燃焼室内に
追い込むいわゆるスキツシユ効果も黒煙低減対策として
効果的である。On the other hand, the so-called squishing effect, which forces the intake air in the space between the top surface of the piston and the inner surface of the cylinder head into the combustion chamber during the upward compression stroke of the piston, is also effective as a measure to reduce black smoke.
本発明の目的は、スキツシユをスワール全巾に亘つて導
入させることにより、スワールを攪乱し、もつて燃料と
吸気の混合を促進させて排気中の黒煙を低減させた直接
噴射式ディーゼルエンジンの燃焼室を提供するにある。An object of the present invention is to provide a direct injection diesel engine that disturbs the swirl by introducing a squish over the entire width of the swirl, thereby promoting the mixing of fuel and intake air and reducing black smoke in the exhaust. It is located in providing a combustion chamber.
以下図によつて詳しく説明する。This will be explained in detail below with reference to the figures.
第１図は公知の直接噴射式ディーゼルエンジンの燃焼室
を示すもので、ピストン１の頂部に円形のキャビティー
２を形成し、該キャビティー２の中央に上方に突出する
突起３を設けたものである。FIG. 1 shows a combustion chamber of a known direct injection diesel engine, in which a circular cavity 2 is formed at the top of a piston 1, and a projection 3 protruding upward is provided in the center of the cavity 2. It is.
突起３の外周はＡ１−Ａ１周面図に示す如く円形となつ
て訃り、該突起３の外周面とキャビティー２の内周面と
の間で円環状の溝４が形成されている。上記公知の燃焼
室では、溝４内を旋回するスワールＳ１に対し、スキツ
シユＳ１が全周から均等に導入される。スワールＳＯは
溝４の全巾に亘つて生じて）り、スキツシユＳ１が均等
に導入されるものではスワールＳ１の攪乱効果が十分で
ない。第２図は、スワールに絞り効果をもたせた公知の
燃焼室構造を示すもので、中央の突起１１がＡ２−Ａ２
周面図に示す如く正四角形となつている。このため、溝
１２の巾に広狭ができ、スワールＳ２が旋回するに際し
絞られるものとなつている。この方式では、突起外周面
とキャビティー内周面との間隔の絞り効果がまだ充分で
ないのでスキツシユＳ２がほぼ全周から均等にスワール
Ｓ２へ導入されている。したがつて、スキツシユＳ２に
よるスワールＳ２の攪乱効果は、前記第１図よりも向上
されるが、未だ十分のものとは言えない。以下に本発明
を図によつて詳しく説明する。第３図は本発明の一実施
例を示すものである。ピストン２１の頂部には円形のキ
ャビティー２２が形成され、該キャビティー２２内の中
央には上方に突出する突起２３が設けられている。突起
２３の外周面とキャビティー２２の内周面との間には溝
２４が形成され、該溝２４は環状に閉鎖連続している。
突起２３の外周面はＡ３−Ａ３周面図に示す如く四辺が
外側にふくらむ略一文字状となつている。このため、キ
ャビティー２２の内周面と突起２３の外周面との間隔、
すなわち溝２４の巾が大きい巾部分２４１２個と、小さ
い巾部分２４２２個となり、夫々が交互に連続している
。突起２３の長手方向縦断面（Ｘ３−Ｘ３断面）は広巾
の略台形となつて訃わ、その台形下端はキャビティー２
２の底面とゆるやかに連続している。さらに突起２３の
長手方向と直交する縦断面（Ｙ３−Ｙ３断面）も細巾の
略台形となつて訃り、下端でキャビティー２２の底面と
ゆるやかに連続している。上記の如く構成された本発明
の一実施例の作用は以下のとおりである。The outer periphery of the protrusion 3 is tapered in a circular shape as shown in the A1-A1 circumferential view, and an annular groove 4 is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the protrusion 3 and the inner circumferential surface of the cavity 2. In the above-mentioned known combustion chamber, the squish S1 is evenly introduced from the entire circumference to the swirl S1 rotating in the groove 4. The swirl SO occurs over the entire width of the groove 4, and if the squirrel S1 is evenly introduced, the disturbance effect of the swirl S1 is not sufficient. Fig. 2 shows a known combustion chamber structure in which the swirl has a throttle effect, and the central protrusion 11 is A2-A2.
As shown in the circumferential view, it is a regular square. For this reason, the width of the groove 12 is wide and narrow, and the swirl S2 is narrowed when it turns. In this method, since the narrowing effect of the distance between the outer circumferential surface of the protrusion and the inner circumferential surface of the cavity is not sufficient, the squish S2 is evenly introduced into the swirl S2 from almost the entire circumference. Therefore, although the effect of disturbing the swirl S2 by the squish S2 is improved compared to that shown in FIG. 1, it is still not sufficient. The present invention will be explained in detail below using figures. FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the present invention. A circular cavity 22 is formed at the top of the piston 21, and a projection 23 that projects upward is provided at the center of the cavity 22. A groove 24 is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the protrusion 23 and the inner peripheral surface of the cavity 22, and the groove 24 is closed and continuous in an annular shape.
The outer circumferential surface of the protrusion 23 has a substantially straight-letter shape with four sides bulging outward, as shown in the A3-A3 circumferential view. Therefore, the distance between the inner peripheral surface of the cavity 22 and the outer peripheral surface of the protrusion 23,
That is, the width of the groove 24 is 2412 large width portions and 2422 small width portions, which are alternately continuous. The longitudinal cross-section (X3-X3 cross-section) of the protrusion 23 has a wide, approximately trapezoidal shape, and the lower end of the trapezoid forms the cavity 2.
It is loosely continuous with the bottom of 2. Furthermore, the longitudinal cross section (Y3-Y3 cross section) perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the protrusion 23 is also tapered into a narrow trapezoid, and is gently continuous with the bottom surface of the cavity 22 at the lower end. The operation of one embodiment of the present invention configured as described above is as follows.
スワールＳ３は溝２４に沿つて旋回している。Swirl S3 is swirling along groove 24.
この旋回に際し、溝２４が大巾の部分２４１と小巾の部
分２４２とに分けられているため、そのつなぎ目の個所
で絞り効果が生じスクール流は乱される。スキツシユＳ
３は突起２３の外周面に衝突してガイドされ、溝２４の
底部で反転するようにスワールＳ３内へ導入される。During this turning, since the groove 24 is divided into a wide portion 241 and a narrow portion 242, a squeezing effect occurs at the joint, and the school flow is disturbed. Skitsyu S
3 collides with the outer peripheral surface of the protrusion 23 and is guided, and is introduced into the swirl S3 so as to be reversed at the bottom of the groove 24.
よつて、溝２４の大巾の部分２４１に導入されるスキツ
シユＳ３の攪乱効果と、小巾の部分２４２に導入される
スキツシユＳ１の攪乱効果は異なるものとなつている。
したがつて、本発明によると、スワールＳ３の全域に亘
つてスキツシユＳ３による攪乱効果が広がり、吸気と燃
料の混合が一層促進されるものである。第４図は本発明
の他の実施例を示すもので、突′起２３の長手方向と直
交する縦断面を三角形となし、該三角形の下端をキャビ
ティー２２の底面にゆるやかに連続させたものである。Therefore, the disturbing effect of the squish S3 introduced into the wide portion 241 of the groove 24 is different from the disturbing effect of the squish S1 introduced into the narrow portion 242.
Therefore, according to the present invention, the disturbance effect of the squish S3 spreads over the entire area of the swirl S3, and the mixing of intake air and fuel is further promoted. FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which the longitudinal section of the protrusion 23 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is triangular, and the lower end of the triangle is gently connected to the bottom surface of the cavity 22. It is.
その他の構成は第３図のものと同じである。この構成に
よると、溝２４′の大巾部分２４（の′巾を大きくする
ことができ、小巾の部分２４２との差巾を第３図のもの
より大きくすることができる。The other configurations are the same as those in FIG. According to this configuration, the width of the wide portion 24 of the groove 24' can be increased, and the difference in width from the narrow portion 242 can be made larger than that in FIG. 3.
したがつて、スキツシユＳ４によるスワールＳ４の攪乱
効果を一層不均一とすることができるものである。第５
図は本発明のさらに他の実施例を示すもので、突起２４
１／ｆ）外周面を長辺が内側へへこむ曲面とし、短辺が
外側へふくらむ曲面としたものである。Therefore, the disturbance effect of the swirl S4 by the squish S4 can be made even more non-uniform. Fifth
The figure shows still another embodiment of the present invention, in which a protrusion 24
1/f) The outer peripheral surface is a curved surface whose long sides are concave inward, and whose short sides are curved outward.
そして、その他の構成は第３図と同じである。第４図の
実施例によると、溝２４′の小さい巾部′分２４２の形
成が不充分となり、スワールＳ４の形成に難がある上、
三角形の頂点付近に熱破壊を生ずる恐れがある。The other configurations are the same as in FIG. 3. According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the small width portion 242 of the groove 24' is insufficiently formed, and it is difficult to form the swirl S4.
There is a risk of thermal damage occurring near the apex of the triangle.
ところが、第５図の実施例によると、溝２４δ小さい巾
部分２４１１２の形成が確／１実であり、その上大きい
巾部分２４１の巾も十分に大きくすることができる。However, according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the formation of the small width portion 24112 of the groove 24δ is reliable and the width of the large width portion 241 can also be made sufficiently large.
さらに、突起２３δ先端も所定巾を維持させることがで
きるため、熱破壊が生ずる恐れがないものとなつている
。以上説明したように本発明によると、スキッシユによ
るスワール攪乱効果を不均一となし、排気中の黒煙低減
を達成しうるものであり、出力、燃費の向上を計ること
ができるものである。Furthermore, since the tip of the projection 23δ can also maintain a predetermined width, there is no risk of thermal damage. As explained above, according to the present invention, it is possible to make the swirl disturbance effect caused by squishy non-uniform, thereby achieving reduction in black smoke in exhaust gas, and improving output and fuel efficiency.
第１図のイは公知の燃焼室構造を示す平面図、口はイの
Ｘ１−Ｘ１断面図、ハはイのＹ１−Ｙ１断面図、二は口
のＡ１−Ａ１周面図である。
第２図のイは他の公知の燃焼室構造を示す平面図、口は
イのＸ２−Ｘ２断面図、ハはイのＹ２−Ｙ２断面図、二
は口のＡ２−Ａ２周面図である。第３図のイは本発明の
一実施例を示す燃焼室の平面図、口はイのＸ３一Ｘ３断
面図、ハはイのＹ３−Ｙ３断面図、二は口のＡ３−Ａ３
周面図である。第４図のイは本発明の他の実施例を示す
燃焼室の平面図、口はイのＸ４−Ｘ４断面図、ハはイの
Ｙ４−Ｙ４断面図、二は口のＡ４−Ａ４周面図である。
第５図のイは本発明のさらに他の実施例を示す燃焼室の
平面図、口はイのＸ５−Ｘ５断面図、ハはイのＹ５−Ｙ
５断面図、二は口のＡ５−Ａ５周面図である。２１：ピ
ストン、２２：キヤビテイー、２３：突起。In FIG. 1, A is a plan view showing a known combustion chamber structure, the opening is an X1-X1 sectional view of A, C is a Y1-Y1 sectional view of A, and 2 is an A1-A1 circumferential view of the opening. In Fig. 2, A is a plan view showing another known combustion chamber structure, the opening is an X2-X2 sectional view of A, C is a Y2-Y2 sectional view of A, and 2 is an A2-A2 circumferential view of the opening. . In Fig. 3, A is a plan view of a combustion chamber showing an embodiment of the present invention, the opening is an X3-X3 sectional view of A, C is a Y3-Y3 sectional view of A, and 2 is an A3-A3 sectional view of the opening.
FIG. In Fig. 4, A is a plan view of a combustion chamber showing another embodiment of the present invention, the opening is an X4-X4 sectional view of A, C is a Y4-Y4 sectional view of A, and 2 is an A4-A4 circumferential surface of the opening. It is a diagram.
In FIG. 5, A is a plan view of a combustion chamber showing still another embodiment of the present invention, the mouth is an X5-X5 sectional view of A, and C is a Y5-Y of A.
5 is a sectional view, and 2 is an A5-A5 circumferential view of the mouth. 21: Piston, 22: Cavity, 23: Projection.
Claims (1)
ビティー内に上方に突出して形成された突起とからなり
、キャビティー内周面と突起外周面との間に環状に閉鎖
連続する溝を形成した直接噴射式ディーゼルエンジンの
燃焼室において、キャビティー内周面と突起外周面との
間隔が異なる如く突起外周面を四辺が外側にふくらむ略
一文字状となして前記溝を２個の大きい巾部分と２個の
小さい巾部分に交互に連続させ、突起の長手方向縦断面
を下端でキャビティー底面とゆるやかに連続する広巾の
略台形となし、突起の前記長手方向縦断面と直交する縦
断面を下端でキャビティー底面とゆるやかに連続する細
巾の略台形としたことを特徴とする直接噴射式ディーゼ
ルエンジンの燃焼室。 ２ ピストン頂部に形成されたキャビティーと、該キャ
ビティー内に上方に突出して形成された突起とからなり
、キャビティー内周面と突起外周面との間に溝を形成し
た直接噴射式ディーゼルエンジンの燃焼室において、キ
ャビティー内周面と突起外周面との間隔が異なる如く突
起外周面を略一文字状となして前記溝を２個の大きい巾
部分と２個の小さい巾部分に交互に連続させ、突起の長
手方向縦断面を下端でキャビティー底面とゆるやかに連
続する略台形状となし、突起の前記長手方向縦断面と直
交する縦断面を下端でキャビティー底面とゆるやかに連
続する三角形状としたことを特徴とする直接噴射式ディ
ーゼルエンジンの燃焼室。 ３ ピストン頂部に形成されたキャビティーと、該キャ
ビティー内に上方に突出して形成された突起とからなり
、キャビティー内周面と突起外周面との間に溝を形成し
た直接噴射式ディーゼルエンジンの燃焼室において、キ
ャビティー内周面と突起外周面との間隔が異なる如く突
起外周面を長辺が内側にへこみ短辺が外側にふくらむ略
一文字状となして前記溝を２個の大きい巾部分と２個の
小さい巾部分に交互に連続させ、突起長手方向縦断面を
下端でキャビティー底面とゆるやかに連続する広巾の略
台形とし、突起長手方向縦断面と直交する縦断面を下端
でキャビティー底面とゆるやかに連続する細巾の略台形
としたことを特徴とする直接噴射式ディーゼルエンジン
の燃焼室。[Claims] 1. Consisting of a cavity formed at the top of the piston and a protrusion formed in the cavity to protrude upward, the piston is closed in an annular shape between the inner circumferential surface of the cavity and the outer circumferential surface of the protrusion. In a combustion chamber of a direct injection diesel engine in which a continuous groove is formed, the outer circumferential surface of the protrusion is formed into a substantially straight shape with four sides bulging outward so that the distance between the inner circumferential surface of the cavity and the outer circumferential surface of the protrusion is different, and the groove is formed into two grooves. The longitudinal cross-section of the protrusion is formed into a wide, approximately trapezoidal shape that gently continues with the bottom of the cavity at the lower end, and the longitudinal cross-section of the protrusion A combustion chamber of a direct injection diesel engine characterized by having a narrow trapezoid whose orthogonal vertical cross section is gently continuous with the bottom of the cavity at the lower end. 2. A direct injection diesel engine consisting of a cavity formed at the top of the piston and a protrusion formed inside the cavity to protrude upward, with a groove formed between the inner circumferential surface of the cavity and the outer circumferential surface of the protrusion. In the combustion chamber, the outer circumferential surface of the protrusion is formed into a substantially linear shape such that the distance between the inner circumferential surface of the cavity and the outer circumferential surface of the protrusion is different, and the groove is continuous into two large width portions and two small width portions alternately. The longitudinal cross section of the protrusion has a substantially trapezoidal shape that is gently continuous with the bottom surface of the cavity at the lower end, and the vertical cross section of the protrusion orthogonal to the longitudinal cross section of the protrusion has a triangular shape that is gently continuous with the bottom surface of the cavity at the lower end. A combustion chamber of a direct injection diesel engine characterized by: 3. A direct injection diesel engine consisting of a cavity formed at the top of the piston and a protrusion formed in the cavity to protrude upward, with a groove formed between the inner circumferential surface of the cavity and the outer circumferential surface of the protrusion. In the combustion chamber, the outer circumferential surface of the protrusion is formed into a substantially straight shape with the long side concave inward and the short side bulging outward so that the distance between the inner circumferential surface of the cavity and the outer circumferential surface of the protrusion is different, and the groove is formed with two large widths. The longitudinal cross-section of the protrusion is a broad trapezoid that gently continues with the bottom of the cavity at the lower end, and the longitudinal cross-section orthogonal to the longitudinal cross-section of the protrusion is the same as that of the cavity at the lower end. The combustion chamber of a direct injection diesel engine is characterized by a substantially trapezoidal shape with a narrow width that is gently continuous with the bottom surface of the tee.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9729778A JPS5926773B2 (en) | 1978-08-11 | 1978-08-11 | Direct injection diesel engine combustion chamber |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9729778A JPS5926773B2 (en) | 1978-08-11 | 1978-08-11 | Direct injection diesel engine combustion chamber |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5525522A JPS5525522A (en) | 1980-02-23 |
| JPS5926773B2 true JPS5926773B2 (en) | 1984-06-30 |
Family
ID=14188553
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9729778A Expired JPS5926773B2 (en) | 1978-08-11 | 1978-08-11 | Direct injection diesel engine combustion chamber |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5926773B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6190767U (en) * | 1984-11-16 | 1986-06-12 | ||
| JPS62150374U (en) * | 1986-03-17 | 1987-09-24 |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5271943B2 (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2013-08-21 | 株式会社クボタ | Diesel engine direct injection combustion chamber |
-
1978
- 1978-08-11 JP JP9729778A patent/JPS5926773B2/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6190767U (en) * | 1984-11-16 | 1986-06-12 | ||
| JPS62150374U (en) * | 1986-03-17 | 1987-09-24 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5525522A (en) | 1980-02-23 |
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