JPS59232176A - Fuel composition for diesel engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a fuel compsn. for diesel engine which emits exhaust gas with low concn. of HC and CO and a reduced particulate content, prepd. by adding a specified polyoxyalkylene compd. as essential ingredient to gas oil. CONSTITUTION:The fuel compsn. is prepd. by adding 0.05-5wt% polyoxyalkylene compd. with an MW of 400-600 shown by formula I or II(where R1 is a 1-10C organic residue; R2 is 2-5C alkyl; R3 is a 1-30C hydrocarbon; n is 5- 40) to gas oil as essential ingredient. The polyoxyalkylene compds. are, e.g., polyoxybutylene compd. of formula III and polyoxypentylene compd. of formula IV. The gas oil is a petroleum fraction having a b.p. of about 190-380 deg.C.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a fuel composition for diesel engines, and more specifically, it is made by adding a specific polyoxyalkylene compound to light oil as an essential component. The present invention relates to a diesel engine fuel composition in which He, Co concentration and particulates in exhaust gas are significantly reduced.

Currently, regarding the exhaust gas from diesel engines in Japan, the emissions of HC and GO1NO1 black smoke are regulated. In contrast, in the United States, small diesel engines are regulated based on the weight of particulate emissions instead.

Note that particulates are fine particles contained in exhaust gas, and although most of them are carbon particles, they also contain hydrocarbon components with relatively high boiling points produced by partial combustion of fuel. Curate reduction measures are also important as they are also related to black smoke and HC concentration reduction measures.

As measures to reduce particulates, it is not sufficient to simply reduce black smoke or HC, and currently a method has been devised to collect particulates by installing a ceramic filter in the middle of the exhaust pipe. However, this method has the disadvantage that particulates accumulate in the filter and become clogged as the filter continues to operate, increasing back pressure.

Additionally, devices are being developed that automatically burn this accumulated soot using catalysts, burners, etc., but the control mechanism is extremely difficult, and there are additional problems such as increased weight and cost. Therefore, there has been a need for an easy and inexpensive method for reducing particulates.

The wood inventors came up with this measure to reduce particulates] After repeated research to invent a method to reduce particulates easily and without much cost, they decided to add a specific boreoxyalkylene compound to light oil. The present inventors have discovered that not only the particulates in exhaust gas but also the CO and HC concentrations can be significantly reduced by using the added essential component as fuel for diesel engines, and have completed the present invention.

・1 The present invention applies to light oil with the general formula [where m is an organic residue containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R6 is an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and Karasu is a carbon number 1 to 3].
0 hydrocarbon group and n is an integer of 5 to 40, respectively] with an average molecular weight of 400 to e, ooo, as an essential component, and 0.05 to 5
The present invention provides a diesel engine fuel composition containing additives in a weight percent range.

Hereinafter, the content of the present invention will be explained in more detail.

The term "light oil" as used in the present invention refers to a petroleum fraction used as fuel for diesel engines, for example, with a boiling point range of about 190 to
It is oil with a temperature of 380°C, and typical examples include No. 1 to No. 3 diesel oil specified in JIS K2204.

Moreover, the polyoxyalkylene compound as used in the present invention is a compound represented by the general formula 5 and having an average molecular weight of 400 to e,ooo, preferably 700 to 3,000.

In the formula (1), l represents an organic residue containing 1-10 carbon atoms. The organic residue may be a hydrocarbon group or a group containing an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, or the like.

Examples of the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms include an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkylcycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an alkylaryl group, and an aralkyl group.

Further, as an organic residue containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms and also containing an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom, for example, 1 to 2 hydrogen atoms of the hydrocarbon group are hydroxyl groups (-OH
) or a group substituted with an amino group (-NH2), a general formula [where & is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, or 1 to 2 hydrogen atoms of this hydrocarbon group are hydroxyl groups or amino groups] A group represented by the general formula [In the formula, the lump is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a group in which 1 to 2 hydrogen atoms of this hydrocarbon group are a hydroxyl group or an amine group. Indicates a substituted group] and the like.

In the present invention, in general, hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, general formulas such as methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, octyl group, Nonyl group, decyl group, propenyl group, butenyl group, pentenyl group, hexenyl group, (, heptenyl group, octenyl group, nonenyl group, decenyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, cycloheptyl group, methylcyclopentyl group, dimethylcyclopentyl group, ethyl Cyclopentyl group, methylcyclohexyl group, dimethylcyclohexyl group, ethylcyclohexyl group, methylcycloheptyl group, dimethylcycloheptyl group, ethylcycloheptyl group, phenyl group, naphthyl group, toluyl group, xylyl group, ethylphenyl group, propylphenyl group, Butylphenyl group, methylethylphenyl group, methylnaphthyl group, benzyl group, phenethyl group, phenylpropyl group, phenylbutyl group, acetyl group, propanoyl group, butameyl group, pentanoyl group, hexanoyl group,
Heptanoyl group, octanoyl group, nonanoyl group, decanoyl group, propenoyl group, butenoyl group, pentenoyl group, hexenoyl group, heptenoyl group, oftenoyl group, nonanoyl group, decenoyl group, benzoyl group, methylbenzoyl group, dimethylbenzoyl group, ethylbenzoyl group , propylbenzoyl group, butylbenzoyl group,
Methylcarbamoyl group, ethylcarbamoyl group, propylcarbamoyl group, butylcarbamoyl group, pentylcarbamoyl group, heptylcarbamoyl group, octylcarbamoyl group, nonylcarbamoyl group, decylcarbamoyl group, cyclohexylcarbamoyl group, phenylcarbamoyl group and the general formula [ In the formula, & represents an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms.

In the present invention, & is particularly preferred in the above general formula or in the above formula (1), where R represents an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms.

Specific examples include ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, and pentyl group. A polyoxyalkylene compound in which R represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group is not preferred because its addition has a weak effect of achieving the objective of the present invention.

On the other hand, in the above formula (1), horse is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 4 to 24 carbon atoms, such as an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkylcycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an alkylaryl group. group, aralkyl group, etc.

Preferred hydrocarbon groups as Rs include, for example, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl,
Octyl group, nonyl group, decyl group, dodecyl group, tetradecyl group, hexadecyl group, octadecyl group, icosyl group, tocosyl group, butenyl group, pentenyl group, hexenyl group, heptenyl group, octenyl group, nonenyl group, decenyl group, dodecenyl group , tetradecenyl group, hexadecenyl group, 1tadecenyl group, aralkyl group, tocosenyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, cycloheptyl group, methylcyclopentyl group, dimethylcyclopentyl group, ethylcyclopentyl group, methylcyclohexyl group, dimethylcyclohexyl group, ethylcyclohexyl group , methylcycloheptyl group, dimethylcycloheptyl group, ethylcycloheptyl group, phenyl group, naphthyl group, tolyl group, xylyl group, ethylphenyl group,
Methylphenyl group, diethylenephenyl group, propylphenyl group, butylphenyl group, hentyl phenyl group, hexylphenyl group, heptylphenyl group, octylphenyl group, nonylphenyl group, decylphenyl group,
Examples include dodecylphenyl group, tetradecylphenyl group, hexadecylphenyl group, ophtade, sylphenyl group, methylnaphthyl group, dimethylnaphthyl group, ethylnaphthyl group, benzyl group, phenethyl group, phenylpropyl group, phenylbutyl group, etc. .

In the formula (1), n is 5 to 40, preferably lO to 30
indicates an integer. If n does not reach 5, the HC concentration, CO concentration and . The effect of reducing the amount of particulates and particulates is weak; on the other hand, if the amount exceeds 40, the compound itself tends to become a combustion residue, which is not preferable.

In the present invention, the amount of the polyalkylene compound represented by formula (1) added to light oil is 0.05 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2.0% by weight. Addition amount is 0.05% by weight
If the amount is less than 5% by weight, the effect of reducing the IC concentration, CO concentration, and particulates in exhaust gas will not be obtained much. On the other hand, if the amount added exceeds 5% by weight, the effect commensurate with the amount added will not be obtained. This is not desirable because it leads to increased costs.

) in exhaust gas by adding a specific amount of a specific polyoxyalkylene compound to light oil according to the present invention.
A diesel engine fuel composition is obtained in which the concentration, CO concentration and particulates are significantly reduced, and in this case, if necessary, for example, cetane number improvers, antioxidants, metal deactivators, corrosion inhibitors, etc. Known fuel additives may be added. Details of these known additives are described in 1, for example, "Petroleum Product Additives" edited by Toshio Sakurai (Saiwai Shobo).

Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples. However, the present invention is not limited in any way to the following embodiments.

Example I A composition of the present invention was prepared by adding 1% by weight of a polyoxybutylene compound represented by the following formula to JIS No. 2 diesel oil: Average molecular weight: 1,510 The results of performance evaluation of this fuel composition are shown in Table 1. and shown in Table 2. The performance evaluation was performed as follows.

[Performance evaluation test]

A diesel engine with a displacement of 1,800 cc was operated using the fuel composition, and the dynamo output was 2.0, 4.0, El, Ops, and the vehicle speed was 50 K at a vehicle speed of 30 Ka+/hr.
Dynamo output in m/hr 6.0.8.0.10.0p
The IC concentration, CO concentration, and particulate amount in the exhaust gas at the time of s were measured. However, the IC concentration, cop degree and particulate a were measured by the following method.

1. Comparison of HC concentration and CO concentration After the diesel engine was warmed up for 80 minutes, the exhaust gas was introduced into the illusion tunnel, and the exhaust gas was collected in a bag for 5 minutes under constant engine speed and torque conditions. This gas is Federal Register
VOL, 45, No. 45 (March 5,198
0) No. 40 CFRPART8B and analyzed to determine the concentration.

- Amount of particulates Exhaust gas was passed through the filter for 2 to 5 minutes under the same conditions as above, and particulates were collected. After holding this filter at constant temperature (25° C.) and constant humidity (80%) for 18 hours, the weight was measured using a microbalance, and the weight was determined by subtracting the weight of the filter.

Example 2.3 and Comparative Examples A composition of the present invention was prepared by adding 1% by weight each of a polyoxybutylene compound (Example 2) and a polyoxypentylene compound (Example 3) represented by the following formula to JIS No. 2 diesel oil. I got something.

2 (Example 2): Average molecular weight 2.030 A Ni CIAH2, -C1sH33, C11H
37 mixture (Example 3): average molecular weight 1,840 These fuel compositions were subjected to the same performance evaluation test as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

For comparison, a similar performance evaluation test was conducted using only No. 2 diesel oil without adding these polyoxyalkylene compounds, and the results are also listed in Tables 1 and 2.

From the results in Tables 1 and 2, the fuel composition of the present invention has significantly reduced IC concentration, CO concentration, and particulate amount in the exhaust gas compared to light oil to which no polyoxyalkylene compound is added. , its excellence is clearly evident.

Claims (1)

[Claims] Organic residue containing 10 carbon atoms, R7 has 2 carbon atoms
~5 alkyl group, Rs is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of 5 to 40, respectively] with an average molecular weight of 400 to 8,000 as an essential component.0.05 A diesel engine fuel composition containing ~5% by weight.