JPS59227697A - Operating device for lifting winch - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an operating device for a hoisting winch in a crane.

In the Hoisting Winch, it was developed as a lifting device that simplifies the operations of hoisting, hoisting, stopping, and free descent.
There is one described in Japanese Patent No. 4-17500. This known operating device will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. In this device, a brake release mechanism 4 is provided between a link 2 connected to a brake 1 of a hoisting drum and a foot pedal 9, and the brake release mechanism 4 is connected to a cylinder connected to the link 2 via a rod 3. 5, a piston 6 housed in the cylinder 5 and connected to the foot pedal 9 via a rod 8, and a spring 7.
1 and a clutch cylinder 12 via a line 14 to a hydraulic or pneumatic line 13 . Also,
The springing force of the subring 7 is such that when the foot pedal 9 is operated, the piston 6 and the cylinder 5 move together, and when hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure is applied via the pipe 14, the spring 7 The force is set so that it contracts. 21
is a pedal locking device. FIG. 2 shows the operating circuit of the hoisting winch, where 15 is a hydraulic pump serving as a hydraulic pressure source for the hoisting winch hydraulic motor 16, and 17 is the hydraulic motor 1.
6 is a main circuit switching valve that rotates in forward and reverse directions; 18 and 19 are a hydraulic pump and an accumulator that respectively constitute operating hydraulic power sources; and 20 is a main circuit switching valve that rotates the hydraulic motor 16 when the main circuit switching valve 17 is in the left or right position. This is a switching valve that is automatically switched from the illustrated state to guide operating pressure oil to the primary side of the switching valve 11.

In this known hoisting winch operating device, when the main circuit switching valve 17 is operated in the hoisting or hoisting direction, the switching valve 2
0 is automatically switched to the side that communicates the operating hydraulic pressure source with the switching valve 11. Then, with the pedal lock device 21 in the locked state, the clutch lever 10 is operated to supply operating pressure oil to the clutch cylinder 12. By guiding it to the cylinder 5, the clutch can be engaged and the brake can be released, and hoisting or lowering operations can be performed. Also, during free descent, the pedal lock device 21 is removed and the clutch lever 10 is not operated.
By depressing the foot pedal 9, the cylinder 5 moves together with the piston 6 in the X direction, and the necessary braking can be applied to the hoisting winch.

However, this known device has the following drawbacks.

(1) If the clutch lever 10 is turned off, the hoisting lever 22 for operating the main circuit switching valve 17 cannot be hoisted or the power may be lowered even if the operating hoisting lever 22 is operated in the hoisting direction. During hoisting and power lowering, it is always necessary to operate two levers 10.22.

(2) Even if the clutch lever 10 is turned on,
If the hoisting lever 22 is in the neutral position, the clutch will be off, so the foot pedal 9 must be kept depressed; if the timing of depressing the foot pedal 9 is delayed, the suspended load will fall. (3) Even if the clutch lever 10 is turned on,
If the hoisting lever 22 is in the neutral position, the clutch will be off, so even if the clutch lever 10 is turned off, the hoisting lever 22 is turned on and the brake is turned off when the clutch lever 10 is turned on. There is a risk that the suspended load may fall.

(4) Hydraulic pump 1 while hoisting with the brake off.
When the prime mover in 5.18 stops, the clutch automatically turns off and the suspended load falls.

In view of the above-mentioned points, the present invention simplifies operation, eliminates the risk of lowering a suspended load due to operational errors, and is easy to operate even for those familiar with hydraulic cranes and mechanical cranes. To provide an operating device for a hoisting winch that allows a user to easily select a desired operating method.

In order to achieve this object, the present invention utilizes a hydraulic motor that drives a hoisting winch, a main circuit switching valve that rotates the hydraulic motor in forward and reverse directions, a spring that applies force to the side where the clutch is connected, and a pressure oil supply. The clutch mechanism has a cylinder that operates on the side that releases the clutch (hereinafter referred to as the clutch cylinder), a foot brake that brakes the hoisting winch, a spring that applies force to the side that brakes the hoisting winch, and a pressurized oil supply. The cylinder that operates to release the brake (
In the operating device for a hoisting winch, which is equipped with an automatic brake mechanism having an automatic brake mechanism (hereinafter referred to as a brake cylinder) and a hydraulic pressure source for operating the clutch cylinder and the brake cylinder, two primary side boats are connected to the operating hydraulic source and the hydraulic pressure source for operating the clutch cylinder and the brake cylinder, respectively. a first position connected to the tank and in which both the two secondary ports communicate with the oil tank; a second position in which the two secondary ports both communicate with the operating hydraulic pressure source; a first switching valve having a third position in which a secondary port communicates with the operating hydraulic pressure source and the other secondary port communicates with an oil tank; The valve is connected to the one secondary port and the oil tank, the secondary port is connected to the clutch cylinder, and has two opposing pilot ports, one of which is connected to the hydraulic motor. Pilot pressure generated during operation is applied, the other secondary port of the first switching valve is connected to the other pilot boat, and the pilot pressure is applied to the one pilot boat and the other pilot boat is connected to the other secondary port of the first switching valve. When the tank pressure is reached, the clutch cylinder is communicated with the oil tank, and in other cases, the clutch cylinder is communicated with the first oil tank.
a second switching valve that communicates with the one secondary port of the switching valve; two primary ports are respectively connected to the operating hydraulic power source and the secondary port of the first switching valve; A downstream port is connected to the brake cylinder, and when the hydraulic motor is stopped, the secondary port communicates with the secondary port of the first switching valve, and when the hydraulic motor is in operation, the secondary port is connected to the operating hydraulic pressure. and a third switching valve communicating with the source.

The details of the present invention will be explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in FIG. One end of the brake 1 of the hoisting drum 47 is connected to one end of a link 32 that is rotatable about the fulcrum 44, and the other end of the link 32 is a rod that has one end connected to the foot pedal 9. The other end of the rod 33 is connected by engaging a long hole 33a provided in the rod 33 with a pin 45 attached to the link 32, and when the foot pedal 9 is depressed, the brake is applied to the hoisting drum 47. It takes a while. 4
Reference numeral 6 denotes an automatic brake mechanism, which includes a rod 34 having a long hole 34a at one end of the link 32 engaged with a pin 48, and a brake cylinder 36 having a piston 36a connected to the rod 34. , spring 35, and when pressure oil is supplied to the brake cylinder 36, the spring 35
When the rod 34 moves to the left in the figure against the force of , the brake is released and the pressure oil is discharged, the rod 34 is
moves to the right in the diagram to apply the brake.

Reference numeral 50 denotes a clutch mechanism between the hydraulic motor 16 and the hoisting winch. When pressure oil is supplied to the clutch cylinder 54, the clutch cylinder 54 is contracted and the clutch 52 is released, and when the pressure oil is discharged, the clutch cylinder 54 is extended by the force of the spring 53, and the clutch is connected to the hoisting drum 47. It has become.

37 is a main circuit switching valve inserted in the pipeline between the hydraulic pump 15 and the hydraulic motor 16, and in this embodiment,
The main circuit switching valve 37 is a hydraulically operated switching valve, and the left and right pilot boats and the hydraulic pump 1 which is the operating hydraulic pressure source are connected to the main circuit switching valve 37.
An operating valve 38 having an operating lever 38a is inserted into the conduit 55, 56 between the 8 and 8, and when the operating lever 38a is tilted to the right in the figure, the main circuit switching valve 37 is switched to the right position and the hydraulic motor is switched on. When rotated in the hoisting direction and tilted to the left in the figure, the main circuit switching valve 37 is switched to the left position, the hydraulic motor is rotated in the hoisting direction, and stops when it is in the neutral position shown in the figure. 040.41.42 are first, second, and third switching valves provided according to the present invention, and the first switching valve 40 is a four-point/three-position switching valve having an operating lever 40a. , its two primary ports are respectively connected via lines 57.58 to the operating hydraulic pump 18 and the oil tank 59, and one of its secondary ports is connected via lines 60.61 to the second, It is connected to one primary side port of the third switching valve 41,42. Further, the other secondary port is connected to the pilot port 41b of the second switching valve 41 via a conduit 68. Second and third switching valves 41.
Reference numeral 42 is a hydraulically operated three-point/two-position switching valve, and when the operating lever 38a is in a non-neutral position, the shuttle valve 39 selects the high-pressure oil in either of the pipes 55 or 56. Then, hydraulic pressure is applied to each pilot port 41a, 42a via conduits 62, 63. The other primary side port of the second switching valve 41 is connected to the pipe line 64
The secondary port is connected to the clutch cylinder 54 via a conduit 65.

Further, the other primary side boat of the third switching valve 42 is connected to the pipe line 6.
6 to the operating hydraulic pump 18, and the secondary port is connected to the brake cylinder 36 via a conduit 67.

Additionally, the hydraulic pump 18 is set by the relief valve 69.
If the discharge force is p kg/ctA and the maximum pressure regulated by the operation valve 38 is Pikti/cd, then P
) Pi or the second switching valve 4
If the pressure receiving areas of pilot ports 41a and 41b of No. 1 are Aa and Ab, respectively, then PXAb)PiXAa
It is configured so that.

Next, the operation of this device will be explained. First switching valve 4
When the lever 40a of 0 is operated to be in the right position shown in the figure, that is, the first position 40j, the operating pressure oil is cut off in the first switching valve 40, and the second and third switching valves are closed. The primary port 41.42 on the pipe line 60.61 side and the pilot port 41b of the second switching valve 41 are at tank pressure. Therefore, if the operating lever 38a of the operating valve 38 is in the neutral position, the second and third switching valves 41.4
2 does not operate, both the clutch cylinder 54 and the brake cylinder 36 communicate with the oil tank 59, and by the action of the springs 53 and 35, respectively, the clutch cylinder 54 and the brake cylinder 36 are in the clutch-on and brake-on states, and the foot pedal 9 is turned off. The automatic brake will remain applied.

In this state, when operating the hydraulic motor 16 in the hoisting or hoisting direction by tilting the operating lever 38a to the right or left, the high pressure side pressure oil selected by the shuttle valve 39 is transferred to the second and third switching valves 41. In order to join the operating chambers 4.1a, 42a of .42, these valves are switched to the left position. At this time, the clutch cylinder 54 is connected to the conduit 65 and the second switching valve 4.
1. The clutch remains on because it communicates with the oil tank 59 via the pipe 64. On the other hand, brake cylinder 3
6 communicates with the hydraulic pump 18 via a pipe line 67, the third switching valve 42, and a pipe line 66, so the brake cylinder 36
Operating pressure oil is guided to the rod 34, which moves to the left against the force of the spring 35, so that the automatic brake is turned off and the hoisting winch can be operated in hoisting or hoisting (lowering power) operation.

Further, when the first switching valve 40 is switched to the center position, that is, the second position 40c, the pressure oil of the hydraulic pump 18 is guided to the pipes 60 and 61 through the pipe 57. In addition, it is also led to the pilot port 41b of the second switching valve 4I. Here, since the second switching valve is configured so that the above-mentioned PXAb)PiXAa is satisfied, assuming that the operation lever 38a is tilted to the right or left to operate the hydraulic motor 16. Also, the second switching valve 41 maintains the right position and does not turn on the clutch, and the brake maintains the brake off state to prevent the power of the hoisting motor 16 from being transmitted to the winch. Therefore, as long as the first switching valve 40 is set to the position 40c, free hauling is possible regardless of the position of the operating lever 38a.

Next, a case will be described in which the first switching valve 40 is switched to the left position, that is, the third position 40f. In this state, if the operating lever 38a is in the neutral position, the second and third switching valves 41.42 will not operate, so the operating pressure oil will flow to the clutch cylinder 54 between the first and second switching valves 40.41 and 41.42. The operating pressure oil is sent to the brake cylinder 36 via the first and third switching valves 40.42 and the pipe 57.61.67 to turn off the clutch. The brakes will automatically turn off.

Therefore, regardless of the automatic brake, depressing the foot pedal 9 turns on the brake, releasing it turns off the brake, and with the operation lever 38a in the neutral position, the suspended load can be freely lowered. It can be carried out.

When the first switching valve 40 is switched to the left position (40f) and the operating lever 38'a is tilted to the right or left to operate the hydraulic motor 16, the second and third switching valves are operated as described above. Since the switching valves 41 and 42 are switched to the left position (at this time, the pipe line 68 that leads pressure oil to the pilot port 4.1b of the second switching valve 41 is in the left position (40f) of the first switching valve). It is connected to the oil tank 59 through the clutch cylinder 5, so it is at tank pressure.), the clutch cylinder 5
4, the operating pressure oil through the first switching valve 4o is cut off by the second switching valve 41, and the clutch cylinder 54 is communicated with the oil tank 59, so the clutch is on, and on the other hand, the clutch cylinder 54 is turned on. In other words, the first switching valve 40
Since the pressure oil continues to be fed through the pipe line 66, the third switching valve 42, and the pipe line 67 without going through the engine, the automatic brake is not applied, so hoisting or power reduction can be performed.

The status of each component for each position of the operating valve 38 in this embodiment is summarized as follows.

(1) When operating the hoisting winch with the foot pedal 9 (positive brake) (In case B, the first switching valve 40 is in the left position (40f).) (2) When operating the hoisting winch with the automatic brake case (at this time, the first switching valve 4
o is the right position (40j).

(3) If the winch does not operate even if the operating lever 38 is operated (at this time, the first switching valve 4o is in the center position (
40c)) As is clear from the above description, in this device, when the first switching valve 40 is in the 40f or 4oj position, hoisting or power lowering is always performed by operating one operating lever 38a. If you do this, you will be able to do this and the operation will be simplified. In addition, when the right position 40j is selected, automatic braking is applied when the operating lever 38a is set to neutral, and this is the preferred driving method for operators who are familiar with hydraulic cranes.
When the left position is set to 40f, winch operation using the normal foot pedal 9 (positive brake) is possible. This combination with the fact that it can be operated with a single control lever improves safety.

In addition, for those who select the right position 40j as the normal operation method, the position 40c may be set to the operating lever 38a.
Expansion of functionality can be achieved by setting the position where free hole can be performed regardless of the position. Also, 40c
By providing this position, safety is improved compared to the case where this position is not provided. In other words, a person who selects the 40j position temporarily switches to the 40f position in order to perform a freehaul, then after hoisting or lowering the power, forgets that it is in the 40f position and shifts the operating lever 38a to neutral. If this happens, the suspended load will fall, which is dangerous, but the 40c position is
Since the hole is free regardless of the position of 8a, it is possible to prevent the suspended load from falling due to such forgetfulness.

In addition, when hoisting or lowering the power, the hydraulic pump 15.
If the prime mover 18 (not shown) stops for some reason, the brake-on and clutch-on states are maintained by the action of the springs 35 and 53, thereby preventing the suspended load from falling. In addition, in conventional equipment that uses a hydraulic brake consisting of a hydraulic motor and a counterbalance valve,
Although the suspended load may fall due to oil leakage inside the hydraulic motor, according to the configuration shown in FIG. Since the brake is applied, the hanging load can be reliably prevented from falling.

As mentioned above, the position 4oj140c of the first switching valve 4o is used by a person who is familiar with hydraulic cranes;
This position is suitable for use by persons familiar with mechanical cranes, and by providing a locking device to prevent switching between positions 40c and 40f, operational confusion can be eliminated. FIG. 4 shows an example of the locking device, in which a lever lock piece 71 is attached to the lever stroke groove 70 of the operating lever 40a to prevent the operating lever 40a from moving between the 40c and 4Of positions. For example, this lever lock piece 71 may be configured such that one end is rotatably attached and the other end is temporarily fixed by a temporary fixing piece, so that it can be easily unlocked and locked. preferable. In addition, in the figure, 72 is a driver's seat.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention, and this embodiment uses a manual switching valve 17 having a hoisting lever 22 as the main circuit switching valve, similar to the known example shown in FIG. At the same time, as a switching valve for operating pressure oil, a switching valve 20 that operates only during hoisting and lowering, that is, only when the main circuit switching valve 17 is in the left or right position, is used. Pilot boats 41a and 42a of the second and third switching valves 41 and 42 are connected to the next side. In this embodiment, the pilot pressure applied to the pilot ports 41a and 41b is the discharge pressure P of the hydraulic pump 18 and is the same, so when the pressure receiving areas of the pilot ports 41a and 41b are expressed as Aa and Ab, A a (A b), and the operation is the same as in the previous embodiment.

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a machine having a plurality of hoisting winches, and 9, A, and B include, for example, second and third switching valves of the main hoisting winch and the auxiliary hoisting winch, respectively. circuit, 4
0A and 40B are the first winch for main winding and auxiliary winding, respectively.
With this configuration, it is possible to control each winch, such as the main winch and the auxiliary winch. FIG. 7 shows a system having a plurality of hoisting winches, in which a first switching valve 40 is shared by each hoisting winch, and a second switching valve 41 corresponding to each winch is connected to the secondary circuit of the first switching valve 40. and third
By connecting the switching valves 42 in parallel,
In addition to simplifying the operating device, for example, it is possible to easily handle two long objects.
When hoisting with a stand winch, two winches can be easily linked together.

In the above embodiment, a manual type is shown as the first switching valve 40, but it may be of any type as long as it can be switched as desired, and a solenoid type or hydraulic type may also be used.

As described above, according to the present invention, by selecting the operating position of the first switching valve, it is possible to easily switch between the winch operation using the normal positive brake and the winch operation using the automatic brake. In either operation, switching the direction of rotation of the hydraulic motor and operating the clutch are possible simply by operating the operating means for driving the hydraulic motor, and there is no need to operate the clutch lever, making the operation easy. At the same time, the hanging load is prevented from falling due to operational errors.

In addition, if the prime mover stops during hoisting or lowering, the automatic brake and clutch will be turned on.
Prevents suspended loads from falling.

However, in conventional equipment, when braking is performed using a hydraulic brake using a hydraulic motor and a counterbalance valve, the suspended load may fall due to oil leakage inside the hydraulic motor.
When the automatic brake of the present invention is operated, the hoisting drum is directly braked, so that the hanging load can be prevented from falling.

In addition, whether the operator is familiar with hydraulic cranes or mechanical cranes, the operator can select the operating method of his/her preference, and the operator who is familiar with hydraulic cranes has a dedicated position for freehauling. By providing the switch valve in the first switching valve, there is no confusion in operation and safety is improved.

This prevention of confusion in operation can be made more reliable by providing a lever lock device as shown in the above embodiment.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a known hoisting winch operating device;
The figure shows the hydraulic circuit diagram, and Figure 3 shows the hoisting line according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing an example of the lever lock device of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing an embodiment in which the invention is applied to a machine having a plurality of hoisting winches and each of the plurality of hoisting winches is independently controlled. FIG. 2 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing an embodiment in which the first switching valve is applied in common. ■...Brake, 15.18...Hydraulic pump, 16
...Hydraulic motor, 17.37...Main circuit switching valve, 3
5.53... Spring, 36... Brake cylinder, 40... First switching valve, 41... Second switching valve, 42... Third switching valve, 54... Clutch Cylinder patent applicant Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. Agent Patent attorney Tadashi Akimoto Actual agent Patent attorney Waka 1) Masaru - (25) To 2 JP-A-59-227697 (8)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Disengage the clutch by a hydraulic motor that drives the hoisting winch, a main circuit switching valve that rotates the hydraulic motor in forward and reverse directions, a spring that applies force to the side to which the clutch is connected, and a pressure oil supply. A clutch mechanism with a clutch cylinder that operates on the side, a foot brake that brakes the hoisting winch, a spring that applies force to the side that brakes the hoisting winch, and a pressurized oil supply that operates on the side that releases the brake. In a hoisting winch operating device comprising an automatic brake mechanism having a brake cylinder and a hydraulic source for operating the clutch cylinder, brake cylinder, etc., two primary side boats are respectively connected to the hydraulic source for operating and an oil tank. a first position where the two secondary boats are connected to the oil tank; a second position where the two secondary boats are both connected to the operating hydraulic pressure source; and one secondary boat. a first switching valve having a third position in which the second port is in communication with the operating hydraulic pressure source and the other secondary boat is in communication with the oil tank; Connected to one secondary boat and oil tank,
A secondary boat is connected to the clutch cylinder and has two opposing pilot boats, one of which receives pilot pressure generated during operation of the hydraulic morph, and the other pilot boat. When the other secondary boat of the first switching valve is connected, pilot pressure is applied to the one pilot boat, and tank pressure is applied to the other pilot boat, the clutch cylinder is communicated with the oil tank. , a second switching valve that otherwise communicates the clutch cylinder with the one secondary boat of the first switching valve; and two primary boats that are connected to the operating hydraulic pressure source and the first switching valve, respectively. connected to the one secondary port of the valve, the secondary port is connected to the brake cylinder, and when the hydraulic motor is stopped, the secondary port communicates with the secondary port of the first switching valve; An operating device for a hoisting winch, comprising a third switching valve whose secondary port communicates with the operating hydraulic power source when the hydraulic motor is in operation. 2. The first switching valve is not a manual switching valve, and the manual switching valve is free to switch between the first and second positions, and has the first and second positions and the third position. 2. The hoisting winch operating device according to claim 1, further comprising a locking device for prohibiting switching between positions.